Epidural hematoma Subdural Subarachnoid Intracerebral Ischemic stroke

hematoma hemorrhage hemorrhage

 Traumatic rupture  Traumatic  Most cases  Most cases  Commonly due
Etiology
of middle rupture of secondary to rupture secondary to embolisms, thrombi
meningeal artery a bridging vein of a saccular to hypertension , or microangiopathicc
aneurysm or arterio  Rupture of AVM hanges
venous  Trauma  Arterial
malformation (AVM) hypertension and
 Trauma increasing age are the
most important risk
factors

Clinical  Lucid interval,  Increasing hea  Sudden,  Headache  Headache

features then loss of dacheover days severe headache  Focal  Focal neurologic
consciousness or weeks  Loss of neurologic deficits
 Headache  Changes in consciousness deficits  Loss of consciousness
 Hemiplegia mental status  Loss of
 Less frequently: consciousness
lucid interval
CT findin  Biconvex, hyperd  Crescent-  Extensive area of  Solitary hyperden  Hyperdense MCA sign
gs ense lesionlocated shaped, hyperdense signals se lesion,  Effacement of sulci
between the brain homogenous around the circle of surrounded by  Loss of cortico-
and the calvarium, lesion between Willis (most common hypodense edem medullarydifferentiation
limited by suture the brain and location) a (most  Edema
lines the calvarium, commonly within
not limited by the basal
suture lines ganglia or interna
l capsule)
Manage  Surgical drainage  Surgical  Medical therapy to  Supportive care  Supportive care
ment drainage reduce vasospasm  Surgical clot  Thrombolytic therapy
 Surgical removal(depend  Anticoagulation
intervention: clipping s on the location  Mechanical
or endovascular and extent of the thrombectomy
repair hemorrhage)