1

CHAPTER 1

THE PROJECT SUMMARY

Descriptive Definition of the Project

Plastic wastes are one of the major problems in the environment. The
problem keeps on growing every day because of the high rate of usage of
plastics and it takes many years to degrade the plastic materials making it a
big concern for the environment. On the other hand, paper waste is another
concern in the environment because of the high consumption of paper which
leads to increase in deforestation with trees being used for manufacturing of
paper. Papers are being thrown away after it has been used like newspapers
and papers from offices and homes which still can be used as usable
materials or products.

The purpose of this study is to produce a concrete hollow block (CHB)

using plastic and paper wastes as part of fine aggregates which will serve as
one of the solutions to the problems being said above. This study will attempt
to produce a low cost, light weight and good performance CHB with the
properties of each materials being used.

Projects Long-Range Objectives

 To be the first supplier of concrete hollow blocks with paper and

plastics as replacement of fine aggregates in province of
Southern Leyte
 To produce a low cost, lightweight and good quality CHB for the
construction industry
 To help in conserving the environment by recycling wastes like
papers and plastics
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Feasibility Criteria

The project aims to be accepted as solution for a safe, economical and

an environmental friendly concrete hollowblocks (CHB), the project needs the
support of the local government waste disposal management to help in the
collecting of recyclable plastic and paper and also a junk shop in Bontoc,
Southern Leyte that shreds specific plastic.

Highlights of the project

Table 1. Project Time Table and Status

ACTIVITY DURATION
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
GATHERING
MIXING
CURING
DELIVERIES

Nature of the Industry

CHB is very important in the construction industry. It is one of
the most commonly used concrete product. Producing these CHB
products and achieving the following objective will help as an
economical and environment-friendly to the industry.

Scope and Limitation

The scope and limitation of the feasibility study:
1. To develop Concrete Hollow Block with Recycled Plastic and
Waste Paper as aggregates.
2. To provide data and cost analysis for the project.
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CHAPTER II

MARKET STUDY

Concrete Hollowblocks are used mostly on houses, partitions,

commercial buildings, fences and other structures. Some of the reasons for
this high demand is their relative lowcost when compared to other materials.
Considering the speed of installation and also requires only semi-skilled
laborers. CHB is weak against lateral loads but with proper reinforcing
vertically and horizontally can increase its lateral strength.

The benefits of concrete hollowblocks to the construction industry is

relatively important. Its availability, it has good thermal resistance, sound
resistance, and high fire resistance, are the reasons why the product is widely
used, also has lateral resistance against earthquakes and typhoons and a
more or less 20 years life span.

By utilizing the paper and plastic waste into fine aggregates and
incorporated in the mixture in making concrete hollow blocks not only we are
able to help the local communities in providing hollow blocks with the desired
strength but also help in minimizing the plastic and paper waste in the
environment.

SWOT ANALYSIS

This section of the study refers to the strength, weaknesses,

opportunities and threats of this project.
STRENGTH
1. Simple production techniques
2. High demand in the market
3. Fast delivery
4. Both capable in costumer and technical services
5. Quality
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WEAKNESSES
1. Increasing number of competitors
2. Requires modernized machine in making CHB which are expensive
3. Late deliveries

OPPORTUNITIES
1. Capable of employing laborers and as well as help in training them
2. Increasing demand for the product
3. Innovated market

THREATS
1. The altering of weather conditions can affect production
2. Competitiveness in the available product in the market
3. Getting trust from the clients

TARGET MARKET

The project aims on producing concrete hollow block that is lightweight,

economical and low cost for local consumers of Southern Leyte. The
products’ potential target market is the local suppliers of building material,
local governments’ projects and other communities. The increasing demand
and prices of CHB in the locality will bring the consumers to consider and use
the product and be competitive with other manufacturers of CHB.

MARKET COMPETITORS

The high demand in concrete hollowblocks is the reason why many are
engaging in the business of making concrete hollow blocks. The competitors
of this product is mainly the present suppliers of CHB in the construction
indutry in the locality.
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Table 2. COMPETITORS

CHB Producer Location Operating Hours

Eunice Sand, Gravel Brgy. San Vicente, Monday - Saturday

and Hollowblocks Bontoc
Tamp’s Construction Brgy. Tampoong, Monday – Saturday
Services Sogod
Cuadra Hollowblocks Sto. Nino, Bontoc Monday – Saturday
Salares Hollowblocks Brgy. San Ramon, Monday – Saturday
Bontoc
Todavia Hollowblocks Brgy. San Vicente, Monday - Saturday
Bontoc

DEMAND DATA

The construction projects in Southern Leyte is increasing and concrete

hollow blocks are one of the most extensively used construction material. The
demand for this product is always high due to construction of residential
buildings, commercial buildings and industrial buildings.

SUPPLY DATA

The production of a good quality concrete hollowblocks is widely

dependent in the raw materials used. The product availabity is also
dependent in the demand of the consumers. In the present, offering a new
innnovation can help more not just the local residents but also the
environment since the project utilizes recycled plastic and paper to
incorporate with cement and made into hollowblocks. The lifespan of the
project can go beyond 10 years.
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MARKETING STRATEGY

1. Advertising through social media networks like Facebook ads and by

posting photos of the product.
2. Through radio advertisement and newspaper.
3. Creating informative videos on Youtube for the consumers.
4. Direct mail campaign using email to the prospective consumers.
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CHAPTER III

TECHNICAL STUDY

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The proposed project will be manufactured in Barangay Divisoria,

Bontoc, Southern Leyte and shall be available in the locality. The product is a
concrete hollowblock that has recycled paper and plastic as partial
replacement of sand. Due to its properties the product is considered
economical and environmental friendly.

MATERIALS

The required components for production of the project to meet with the
standards and compete with what is already present in the market.

RECYCLED PAPER. Papers have fibrous content, will have good properties
like good thermal insulation, does not crack easily and resist rodent and
insects infestation when mixed with concrete.

RECYCLED PLASTICS. Plastics generally have properties like : resistance to

corrosion and chemicals, low electrical and thermal conductivity, high
strength-to-weight ratio, colors available in a wide variety and transparent,
resistance to shock, good durability, low cost, are easy to manufacture, tend
to be waterproof and have low toxicity.

SAND. This fine aggregate is the primary material used in making concrete
hollowblocks. Properties are high compressive strength when mixed with
cement and mineral composition, its texture, structure, porosity, chemistry and
colour.

PORTLAND CEMENT. Type I Class A or B unit, is used for making concrete

hollow blocks conforming to ASTM C-90-70.
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EQUIPMENTS AND TOOLS

The product relies on the selection of suitable equipment and tools to

achieve the good quality.

PLASTIC SHREDDER. Is used in shredding the desired size of the plastic.

CONCRETE HOLLOWBLOCK MOLDER. This is used to mold the hollowblck

to its necessary thickness.

PRODUCTION WORKFLOW

Collecting of materials: Soak the paper in water for

recycled paper and plastic several days until mushy.
(PET)

Shred plastic to create a Pulp the soaked paper, then

consistent size. squeeze excess water.

Mix the pulped paper and plastic Put the concrete mix in
aggregate together in a container the hollow block mold.
with cement, sand and water.

Product undergoes curing

for 1-2 weeks.

FIGURE 1. WORFLOW
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LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

Figure 2. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

The proposed project is located at Barangay Divisoria, Bontoc,

Southern Leyte. From Figure 1, the arrow indicates the proposed project
location. The location sees potential for desired costumers and the raw
materials of the project is abundant in the area.
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CHAPTER IV

FINANCIAL STUDY

As for the financial aspect of this project, the type of business this
partnership will be running is a manufacturing business. Since this is a start-
up business the essential thing to first consider is the capital. And to
determine if the project will be profitable. The project depends on the factors
such as economic, technological, scheduling and management.

The following tables show the detail of the total capital requirement of
the proposed project. It includes Total Project Cost, Schedule of Revenue and
Depreciation, Salaries and Wages, Projected Income Statement, and Cash
Flow Statement

The project source of fund will be from the partners individual shared
capital and from bank loans with a ratio of 50:25:25 percent (%) in amount of .

Table 3. INITIAL CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS

Partners Ratio Invested Amount

Karen Camillo 50% P 500,000.00

Dexela Palen 25% P 250,000.00

Grant Harold Solemne 25% P 250,000.00

TOTAL 100% P 1,000,000.00

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Table 3.1 SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED TOTAL PROJECT COST

PROJECT PARTICULARS AMOUNT COST

Building/Shop Renovations/Supplies P 30,000.00

Utilities P 10,000.00

Raw materials P65,577.00

PROJECT EQUIPMENT/VEHICLE

1. KIA Bongo Truck P 350,000.00

2. Automatic Hollow Block Machine P 150,000.00

3. Shovel P500x4 P 2,000.00

4. Bucket P100x2 P 200.00

HUMAN RESOURCES P58,000.00

TOTAL : (Php) 665,777.00

Table 3.2 PURCHASE OF RAW MATERIALS

ITEM Mixture Quantity per production Unit Amount Amount
(1:16) Price (monthly) (annualy)
Daily Monthly Annualy
(sack) (sack) (sack)
Cement 1 5 120 1,440 P270.00 P32,400.00 P388,800.00

Sand 8 40 960 11520 P24.56 P23,577.60 P282,931.00

Paper 8 40 960 11520 P10.00 P9,600.00 P115,200.00

&
Plastic

TOTAL P65,577.00 P786,931.00

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Table 3.3 Building/Shop Renovations/Supplies

ITEM QUANTITY PRICE

Shop Renovation - P19,846.00
Furnitures (Table, chairs, bench) 1 P7,500.00
Wall Fan 1 P2,500.00
Record Book 1 P80.00
Official Receipt 1 P20.00
Ballpen 1 P15.00
Staple Wire 1 P7.00
Staple 1 P32.00

TOTAL P30,000.00

Table 3.4 UTILITIES

DESCRIPTION AMOUNT (Monthly) AMOUNT
(Annualy)
Light P700.00 P84,000.00
Water P800.00 P96,000.00
Wifi with telephone P1,000.00 P12,000.00
Fuel P7,500.00 P90,000.00
P10,000.00 P282,000.00
TOTAL

Table 3.5 SCHEDULE OF REVENUE

ITEM Quantit Unit DAILY MONTHLY ANNUALY

y per Price
day
Concrete
hollowblocks 525 P12.00 P6,300.0 P151,200.00 P1,814,400.00
(cm) 0
15x40x20
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Sample Computations:

Concrete hollowblocks (varies on sizes) daily sales:

For 15x40x20(cm):

525 pcs x P12.00 = P6,300.00

Concrete hollowblocks (varies on sizes) monthly sales:

For 15x40x20(cm):

525 pcs x 24 days = 12,600 pcs

12,600 pcs x P12.00 = P151,200.00

Concrete hollowblocks (varies on sizes) annual sales:

For 15x40x20(cm):

525 pcs x (24 days x 12 mo.) = 151,200pcs

151,200pcs x P12.00 = P1,814,400.00

Table 3.6 LABOR COST

Description No. of Daily Total Annual

Employees Salary Monthly Salary
per Salary (Php)
Person (Php)
(Php)
1. Manager 1 550 P13,750.00 P165,000.00
2. Machine 2 295 P14,750.00 P177,000.00
Operator/
Driver
3. Laborers/ 4 295 P29,500.00 P345,000.00
Delivery
TOTAL: P58,000.00 P687,000.00
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Table 3.7 PROJECTED INCOME STATEMENT

YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3

Sales P1,814,400.00 P1,995,840.00 P2,195,424.00
Maintenance and 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00
Repair
License and Permit 4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.00

Gross Income 1,789,900.00 P1,971,340.00 P2,170,924.00

Less: Operational Expenses

Purchase of Raw P786,931.00 P865,624.10 P952,186.00
Materials
Salary and Wages P687,000.00 P687,000.00 P687,000.00
Utilities P282,000.00 P282,000.00 P282,000.00
Office Supplies P10,825.00 P825.00 P825.00
TOTAL P1,766,756.00 P1,835,449.10 P1,922,011.00
OPERATIONAL
EXPENSES
Income Before Tax P23,144.00 P135,890.90 P248,913.00
Less: Income Tax P7,406.08 P43,484.00 P79,652.16
(32%)
Net Income P15,737.92 P92,405.10 P169,260.84

PAYBACK PERIOD

Payback period indicates the number of years required to fully recovered

the initial investment. This figure shows in the following computations.

CPP = Total Investment Cost

Net Income + Depreciation

= P 1,000,000.00
P277403.86(for 3 years)

=3.6 ~ 3years & 6mos

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Table 3.8 FINANCIAL RATIO

YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3
Profit Margin
P15737.92 P92405.10 P169260.84
P1814400.00 P1995840.00 P2195424.00

.87% 4.63% 7.71%

Return of
Investment
P15737.92 P92405.1 P169260.84
P1000000.00 P1000000.00 P1000000.00
1.57% 9.24% 16.93%
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CHAPTER V

MANAGEMENT STUDY

The project will be introduced as a manufacturing business and a

partnership type of business organization which will manufacture concrete
hollow blocks. The business implementation will be headed by the
Manager/Owner and followed by Secretary/Bookkeeper/Cashier, Worker and
Helper.

Organizational Structure

Manager/Owner

Machine
Operator/ Driver

Laborers

Figure 3. Organizational Structure

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 Manager/Owner - A person who establishes and manages an

enterprise for the principal purpose of furthering his/her personal goals.
The enterprise is the primary source of income and consumes the
majority of the owner/manager’s time and resources. She/he exercises
significant control over the day-to-day operations of his/her firm.
 Secretary/Bookkeeper/Cashier - An employee who handles the
financial transactions of a company. He/She is knowledgeable in
proper recording of transactions.
 Worker - one that works especially at manual or industrial labor or with
a particular material.
 Helper - a relatively unskilled worker who assists a skilled worker
usually by manual labor.
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CHAPTER VI

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY

Project Beneficiaries

Having an alternate solution in helping the environment and producing

cost effective concrete hollow blocks is the benefit of this project. The
beneficiaries of this project are the local communities in Southern Leyte.

Communities. The local communities in Southern Leyte will benefit

from this project for it will give them availability of less cost concrete hollow
blocks.

Environment. The project will promote the recycling of paper and

plastic wastes instead of burning and dumping these wastes which contribute
to the increasing pollution in the environment. With the increasing use of raw
materials, the project aims to lessen the use of sand in concrete hollow block
production.

Government. Government projects like building structures and other

facilities will benefit from this project in terms of saving money as to spending
on construction materials like concrete hollow blocks.
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CHAPTER VII

MAJOR ASSUMPTIONS, SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS

One of the most used construction material today is the concrete

hollowblocks, and on the other hand the plastic and paperwaste is increasing
inevitably. At present, finding an innovation that could utilize both in the
aspect of economic and environmental would help not just the consumers but
also in conserving our mother nature.

Major Assumptions

The finacial capital of the project is assumed to avail the requirements

like the equipments and materials for the proposal. Training for the workers,
utilities and maintenance and repairs are also included in the project proposal.

Summary of Findings

 Market Aspect
The findings in market aspect is that the demand of the concrete
hollow blocks is always high because of its importance in
construction making the project proposal feasible in the market.
 Financial Aspect
The financial part of the proposal will be covered by the
proponents investment as the source of funds.
 Socio-Economic Aspect
The benefits of the project towards the local communities and
environment will be a great deal in making the proposal feasible
giving opportunities of work and taxes to the government.
 20

 Management Aspect
The organizational structure shown in management part will help
in determining the operations of the project to be successful.The
business type structure of the proposal will be a partneship.

Conclusion

The demand of concrete hollow blocks and its importance in

construction industry makes this project proposal feasible and its benefits and
positive characteristics of this project towards the community and
environment.
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APPENDICES
 22

BIBLIOGRAPHY

 https://www.thebalancesmb.com/marketing-strategy-for-home-
business-success-1794314
 https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/strength-and-behavior-of-
concrete-contains-waste-plastic-2157-7625-1000186.php?aid=74481
 https://phdessay.com/utilization-of-plastic-waste-production-of-hollow-
blocks-and-bricks/
 https://www.scribd.com/document/259654898/Hollow-Block-Making
 https://www.machmall.com/list-cat/articulated-dump-
truck?cat_id=494&gclid=Cj0KCQiA6JjgBRDbARIsANfu58ECyqOpW5Q
4QyTzvApRID_p6uJrGpiwTTESLBf1iu1Pu_afjE_6dFYaAq6BEALw_wc
B
 https://journal-jger.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40497-015-
0032-9
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GATHERING OF MATERIALS

PREPARING THE PAPER AND PLASTIC

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CHB MAKING
 25

TESTING
 26

BIO-DATA

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Karen A. Camillo

Age: 31

Gender: Female

Date of Birth: March 23, 1988

Home Address: Brgy. San Roque, Sogod, Southern Leyte

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Email Address: camillokaren7@gmail.com

Mother: Yolanda C. Awitin

Father: Lope T. Awitin

HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

Tertiary: Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Southern Leyte State University

San Roque, Sogod, Southern Leyte

2018 - present

Secondary: Sto. Niño Academy

Malitbog, Southern Leyte

2004 - 2005

Primary: San Juan Elementary School

San Juan, Padre Burgos, Southern Leyte

2000 – 2001
 27

BIO-DATA

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Dexela A. Palen

Age: 21

Gender: Female

Date of Birth: February 4, 1997

Home Address: Divisoria, Bontoc, Southern Leyte

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

Email Address: dexela.palen@gmail.com

Mother: Elizabeth A. Palen

Father: Dexter S. Palen

EDUCATION:

Tertiary: Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Southern Leyte State University

San Roque, Sogod, Southern Leyte

2018 - present

Secondary: Sogod National High School

Zone I, Sogod, Southern Leyte

2009 - 2013

Primary: Bontoc Central School

Poblacion, Bontoc, Southern Leyte

2003 - 2009
 28

BIO-DATA

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Grant Harold B. Solemne

Age: 23

Gender: Male

Date of Birth: December 23, 1995

Home Address: Libagon, Southern Leyte

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Protestant

Email Address: grantharoldsolemne@gmail.com

Mother: Abigail B. Galupo

Father: Eric A. Solemne

EDUCATION:

Tertiary: Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Southern Leyte State University

San Roque, Sogod, Southern Leyte

2013 - present

Secondary: Libagon Academy Foundation, Inc.

Brgy. Talisay, Libagon, Southern Leyte

2008 - 2012

Primary: Libagon Central Elementary School

Brgy., Libagon, Southern Leyte

2002 - 2008