C O L O N I Z AT I O N A N D S E T T L E M E N T ( 15 8 5 – 176 3 )

Origins of the Thirteen Colonies

Name of present- Date of first permanent English set- Important early leader That leader’s purpose in founding or
day state tlement or acquisition acquiring settlement

Connecticut 1633 Thomas Hooker, who led migration to Desire for a government less dominat-
Hartford, Connecticut, from Newtown ed by clergy; desire for better land
(Cambridge), Massachusetts in 1636

Delaware 1664 William Penn, founder of To acquire a navigable water route to

(acquired from the Dutch, who had Pennsylvania, who acquired most of the Atlantic Ocean
settled it as part of New Netherland in what is now Delaware from the Duke
1631) of York in 1682, as an addition to his
colony

Georgia 1733 James Oglethorpe, who obtained char- To provide a haven for debtors and
ter in 1732 other poor and persecuted people and
a buffer against Spanish and French
expansion in the region

Maryland 1634 George Calvert, first Lord Baltimore, To provide a haven for his fellow
who obtained a charter in 1632 Catholics, who were persecuted in
England

Massachusetts 1620 John Winthrop, who led the first large To provide a haven for Puritans, then
Puritan migration (consisting of 900 persecuted in England
settlers) from England to the colony in
1630

New Hampshire 1623 John Mason, who received a share in Economic gain
a patent to this territory in 1622

New Jersey 1664 Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Economic gain
(acquired from the Dutch, who had Carteret, who acquired proprietorship
settled it as part of New Netherland in in 1664 from the Duke of York, propri-
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the 1620s) eter of New York

New York 1664 James, Duke of York (later King James Economic gain
(acquired from the Dutch, who had II), who received the captured Dutch
settled it as New Netherland in 1624) colony as a grant from his brother
King Charles II in 1664

North Carolina 1653 Sir William Berkeley, governor of Economic gain

Virginia, who, as one of eight propri-
etors of Carolina, appointed a gover-
nor in 1664 for what would become
North Carolina

Pennsylvania 1664
(acquired from the Dutch, who had
acquired it in 1655 from the Swedes,
who had settled it as part of New
Sweden in 1643)
William Penn, who acquired propri- To provide religious toleration and
etary rights to Pennsylvania from King political liberty for his fellow Quakers
Charles II in 1681 in payment of a and other persecuted religious groups
debt owed to Penn's father

Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams, who migrated to Religious liberty

Providence, Rhode Island, from
Massachusetts in 1636

South Carolina 1670 Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper, one of Economic gain
the eight proprietors of Carolina,
founder of Charles Town (now
Charleston, South Carolina) in 1670

Virginia 1607 John Smith, a leader of the colony of Economic gain

Jamestown, Virginia, from its founding
in 1607