Green mussels "Perna viridis" As An Ingredient In Dishwashing Liquid

INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Throughout the years substance called Calcium Carbonate has been discovered in different kind of
shells such as egg shell and sea shells. Calcium Carbonate has been used in different household cleaning
materials. Calcium Carbonate is a chemical compound that can be used as a scrubbing agent. Sea shells are
composed of about 95 – 99% of Calcium Carbonate. Perna Veridis is one example of sea shells that are rich
in Calcium Carbonate that if extracted there’s a possibility that it can be used in different household.
According to Science struck Calcium Carbonate is used in the purification and separation of
iron from its ore and its often used in swimming pool to maintain the alkalinity of water and
countervailing acidic properties of disinfectant. The paste of Calcium Carbonate and deionized water
is used to clean the tarnish on silver. Calcium carbonate reacts uniquely with acids.
.

The green mussel shell are discarded at environment, and this accumulation is causing
negative consequences to ecosystem. Calcium carbonate is main constituent of the shell chemical
composition. Aiming to reduce environmental aggression and generate income to shellfish producer,
there was the possibility of using these shells as an alternative to commercial calcium carbonate. The
results indicate that mussels shells have an initial degradation temperature higher than commercial
calcium carbonate same lost weight behavior and 95% of shell chemical composition is calcium
carbonate (Hamester and Becker, 2010). .

According to the researcher Ethan Shaw, Calcium carbonate is a major source of the
compound is marine organisms such as coral, shellfish and mollusks, which use it to construct their
shells, or skeleton-like casing. The prototypical “seashell” is usually a mollusk's protective structure,
such as a clam’s or oyster’s. This serves as a proof that calcium carbonate is abundant or present in
shellfish , specifically shellfish like green mussels.

Seashells and lobster claws are hard to break, but chalk is soft enough to draw on
sidewalks. Though all three are made of calcium carbonate crystals, the hard materials include
clumps of soft biological matter that make them much stronger. A study today in Nature
Communications reveals how soft clumps get into crystals and endow them with remarkable strength.
( Pacific Northwest Laboratory 2016). .

In this research, we researchers will try to prove that calcium carbonate found in the shells of
“perna viridis” also known as green mussels is suitable to be use as an ingredient in dishwashing
products. In this research we will also prove the effectiveness of dishwashing liquid. The research will
use experimental research design in obtaining useful and valid data.

Statement of the Problem

1. Can green mussels’ shells containing calcium carbonate are applicable /suitable to use as an
ingredient in dishwashing liquid?
2. Can the dishwashing liquid made with green mussels, clean the dishes and household
utensils ?
3. Does calcium carbonate in green mussels effective to be used as an scrubbing agent or dirt
removing agent?
4. Does the dishwashing liquid made from green mussels can clean various dirt?
4.1 Can it remove stains?
4.2 Can it remove grease?
4.3 Can it remove grime?
4.4 Can it remove food particles?
 5. Can the dishwashing liquid with green mussels, clean different household materials that is
made of:
5.1 Glass
5.2 Steel
5.3 Ceramic
5.4 Plastic
6 .Is the dishwashing liquid with mussels shells is likeable to use?
.

Significance of the study

We all know that washing dishes is part of some people’s daily routine even students and
teachers. So by conducting this research we hope to give new product that will help people who do
this household chore. Furthermore, the study could be of importance to the following:

Restaurant owner- will benefit from our product because our product will cut their cost with the help
of our product.

Mothers - we all know mothers are the one who manage our daily expenses so by using our
dishwashing soap they can save much more money than buying those branded dishwashing liquid.

Fishermen - they're the primary beneficiary of our product because they have direct access of the
primary ingredient of the product which is green mussels.

Future Researchers - this study can serve as their basis for new discoveries and in creating new
products.
Other People - with this study other people can create this product and it can help them to save
money and it can also serve as their source of income. Furthermore, it lessen the waste from
mussels’ shells that may contribute to the waste related problem we are facing in our community.

METHODOLOGY
This chapter covers the methods and the procedures of the conducted study. Specifically, it
sets the framework of the methods used in the research, the respondents of the study, data gathering
process and procedures, and the statistical application used.
Research Design
The study will use Quasi-experimental design, it involves the manipulation of independent
variable to observe the effect on dependent variable, but it lacks of control group.
Quasi-experimental design are generally used to establish the causality (effect of
independent variable on dependent variable) in situation where researchers are not able to randomly
assign the subjects to groups or for various reasons no control group is available for experimental
study.
 Frequency and Percentage
The calculation of the principal quantity has been utilized to determine the most
probable scenario. The formula of percentage is as follows:
F
P = ---------
N
Where P = Percentage
F = Frequency
N = number of population

Population and Sampling

To prove the effectiveness of green mussels as an ingredient in dishwashing liquid, random
sampling is used.
Random sampling is the basic sampling technique where we select a group of subjects
for study from a population. Each individual is chosen entirely by chance and each member of the
population has an equal chance of being included in the sample. The chosen individuals are familiar
and has a basic knowledge on how to wash dishes in their homes.
Respondents of the Study

Arellano University – Elisa Arellano University – Elisa Total Number

Esguerra Campus’ Esguerra Campus’
Senior High School Teachers of Respondents
Grade 12 students
10 10 20

The first group is comprised of ten (10) student respondents and the second group is comprised of
ten (10) senior high school teachers. All in all, there are twenty (20) respondents in the study.
In conducting the study, data gathering technique is used to come up with a profound analysis and
effective results. Survey questionnaire is the tool in data gathering. Interviewing and observing the
respondents have provided additional information which is used in the deeper understanding of the
results. The respondents need to answer specific questions regarding their use of the product.
The questionnaire for both teachers and students is made of the following:
1. Do you think the dishwashing agent made from tahong shells clean the dishes or utensils
effectively?
2. Do you think that the dishwashing agent made from tahong shells is convenient to use?
3. For you, does the dishwashing agent made from tahong shells is applicable to all dishes or
utensils?
4. Are you satisfied with the performance of the product?
5. Will you use it again?
APPLICATION:
The dishwashing liquid will be used as a tool in completing the following task:
• Clean various kitchen utensils or tools or equipment made from different materials.
• Remove different kinds of dirt .

 The research will conduct a product test and answer the experimental test. They will use
the dishwashing liquid in removing various dirt and clean different utensils or tools made from
different materials.

The respondents will try using the dishwashing liquid to wash dishes and then answer
the survey questionnaire.

INGREDIENTS:

3 ½ cup powdered green mussel shells (scrubbing agent)

1 cup vinegar (solution for extracting calcium carbonate)
2 cups baking soda (Cleaning agent)
2 cups gelatine powder (Thickening agent)
15-20 drops lemon extract (scent)
1 cup glycerine (foam booster)
PROCEDURE:
A. EXTRACTING CALCIUM CARBONATE FROM MUSSELS
1. Prepare the green mussel.
2. Boil the Green mussels till the shells open.
3. Separate the mussel shells from its meat.
4. Dry the mussel shells and put it on oven.
5. Crush or blender the green mussel shells until it become powder.
6. Put the powdered mussel shells on the vinegar solution.
7. Leave it for One (1) day.
8. Extract the powder shells from the vinegar solution.
9. Set aside until needed.
B. MAKING DISHWASHING LIQUID
1. Prepare the powdered mussel tap water, powdered shells, baking soda, vinegar, gelatin
powder, lemon extract and glycerine
2. Prepare a mixing boil.
3. In a bowl of tap water, mix baking soda, gelatine powder and powdered green mussels.
4. Add glycerine and lemon extract the mix.
5. Put it on a container and leave for 24 hours.
Experimental Test
Part 1. Can the dishwashing liquid with green mussels clean various dirts?

Can it clean Yes No

Grease

Stains

Food Particles

Burnt

Part 2. Can the dishwashing liquid with green mussels clean different utensils that are made
up of different materials?

Can it clean Yes No

Aluminium

Glass

Plastic

Ceramic
Name:
Gender:
Student: Teacher:

1. Do you think the dishwashing liquid made from tahong shells clean the dishes or utensils
effectively?

2. Do you think that the dishwashing liquid made from tahong shells is convenient to use?

3. For you, does the dishwashing liquid made from tahong shells is applicable to all dishes or
utensils?’

4. Are you satisfied with the performance of the product?

5. Will you use it again?

Result and Discussion

The main purpose of the study is to prove that mussels shells can be used as an ingredient in
dishwashing liquid. The study also aims to test the effectiveness of the dishwashing liquid and if its
likeable or not. The results are as follows:

 The general percentage of all the “yes” answers in the experimental test of the dishwashing
liquid is 100%.
 90% of the respondents agreed that the dishwashing liquid with mussels shells clean utensils
effectively.
 80% of the respondents agreed that the dishwashing liquid with mussel shells is convenient to
use.
 70% of the respondents agreed that the dishwashing liquid is applicable to all kinds of utensils
/dishes.
 80% of the respondents are satisfied with the performance of the product.
 70% of the respondents will use the product again.

The results in the experimental test of the product are a positive success because the
dishwashing liquid with green mussels shells remove various dirt and clean different utensils. This
result is supported by the response of the respondents in questions one(1), two (2) and three (3), in
which a greater number of respondents agrees that the dishwashing liquid can clean dishes and
utensils and it can remove different kinds of dirt.
The results in question four (4) and five (5) indicates that the product is likeable to use
because most of the respondents are satisfied with the dishwashing liquid and most of them are
willing to use it again.

Conclusion
The dishwashing liquid made with green mussels shells is a success and we can confidently
state that the green mussels can be an effective ingredient in dishwashing liquid. The study has
proven that the dishwashing liquid made from mussels shells remove various dirt and it can clean
different utensils.
Recommendation

Restaurant owner- Instead of dishwashing liquid, our product will definitely lessen the cost of
restaurant owners. They can save money specially when they have mussels as one of their menu.
The waste of their restaurant will reduce too.

Mothers – use this study to serve as a guide in making dishwashing liquid so that they can save more
money.

Fisherman- they can sell the mussel shells they have caught or create their own product with the
guide of this research study and gain extra income.

Future researchers - use this research study as a basis of their research related to to the topic or
improve and innovate this research study.
Other People - Use this research to help you in terms of making product for your business. It is also
suitable for personal use. Our problem about reducing our waste when it comes to mussel will
definitely reduce too.