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اداةadāh pl. ادواتadawāt tool; instrument; اذid 1. (introducing a verbal clause) (and)
utensil, implement, device, appliance; then; إذ ذاكid dāka (also written )إذاكthen,
apparatus; (gram.) particle│ اداة الحكمa. al- at that time, at the same time, in doing so;
ḥukm machinery of government; اداة 2. (conj.; temp. and caus.) as, when; since,
التعريفdefinite article (gram.); اداة التنفيذية as, the more so as, because; اذ انid anna
(tanfīdīya) executive agency; pl. materials, since, as, in view of the fact that; for,
equipment, gear, ( ادوات حربيةḥarbīya) war because
material; ( ادواوت احطياطيةiḥtiyāṯīya) stand- 1
1 اذا. (introducing a nominal clause the
by equipment (techn.); ادوات مَنزلية subject of which may he expressed by ب
(manzilīya) household utensils, household with foll. genit.) and then, and all of a
effects sudden; (with noun in nominative case or
الدونal-adōn (Hebr.) the Lord; Mr. ... (Isr.) with )بthere was … and all of a sudden
there was …; 2. (conj.) when; if,
ادىII to convey, take, bring, lead, steer, whenever; whether, if (introducing
channel ( ه ب, هـs.o., s.th., الىto), see that indirect questions); اذا مَاwhen, whenever; ا
s.o. or s.th. ( ه, هـor )بgets to ( ;)الىto ( لَ اذاillā) unless if not; except when
bring about, cause, effect, produce (الى 2
s.th.); to lead, contribute, be conducive ( ( اذا )اذنidan then, therefore, in that case,
الىto a result); to amount, come hence, consequently
practically ( الىto); to tend ( الىto), aim (الى آذارādār2 March (month; Syr., Leb., Jord., Ir.)
at); to carry out, execute, discharge (هـ 1
اذنadina a to listen ( إلىto s.o..); to allow,
s.th.); to perform ( هـa ritual, etc.); to do (
permit ( في لs.o. s.th.); to hear, learn ( بof
واجبهwājibahū one’s duty); to fulfill (وظيفة
s.th.), be informed ( بabout) II to call (ب
a function, رسالةa mission); to accomplish
to), esp. to call to prayer ( ;)بالصلةto crow
( مَأمَوريةa task); to take ( يميناan oath; امَتحانا
(rooster) IV to announce, make known (ب
an examination); to render ( خدمَةḳidmatan
s.th., ب هto s.o. s.th.), inform, notify (ه
a service, لor الىto s.o.; هـe.g., a
s.o.); to call to prayer; to call upon s.o. ()ه,
meaning, a musical composition, etc.)│ادى
urge, admonish, exhort ( هs.o..) to do s.th. (
(salām) to greet, salute V to lead, be
;)بto herald ( بor هـs.th.); to foreshadow
conducive, contribute ( الىto results); to be
( بs.th.); to be on the verge ( انof doing
carried out, be performed, be
s.th..)│ (( آذن بالسقوط )بالزوالzawāl) to show
accomplished; to 10 arrive ( إلىat), be lead
signs of the imminent downfall (end); آذن
( إلىto) X to demand, claim ( هـ هfrom s.o.
( الليل بانتصافlailu bi-ntiṣāf) it was close to
s.th.)
midnight V to herald, announce ( بs.th.)
اداءadā’ pl. -āt (as verbal noun of II) X to ask permission ( فيto do s.th., rarely
rendering (of a service); pursuit, ;)بto ask permission to enter ( علىs.o.'s
performance, execution, discharge (of a house), have o.s. announced ( علىto s.o.);
duty), realization, effectuation, to take leave ( مَنof s.o.), say good-by (مَن
accomplishment (of a task); rendition, to)
اذنidn permission, authorization; باذن ا اربariba a (arab) to be skillful, proficient (ب
if God choose, God willing; (pl. اذون in s.th.); -- araba i to tighten ( هـa knot) III
udūn, اذوناتudūnāt) (postal) order│ اذن to try to outwit ( هs.o.)
البريدpl. اذونات البريدpostal money order; اذن اربarab pl. آرابārāb wish ( فيfor),
البوستهdo. desire, need ( فيof s.th.); purpose. aim,
اذنudun, udn pl. آذانādan ear; handle goal, end
(of a cup)│ ( التهاب الَذن الوسطىwusṯā) اربirb pl. آرابārāb limb│مَزقه اربا اربا
middle-ear infection, otitis media (med.) (mazzaqahū) to tear s.th. to pieces or to
اذانadān call to prayer shreds
اذنيةudaina little ear; ear lobe اربةirba skill, resourcefulness,
cleverness, smartness
مَأذنةma’dana, مَئذنةmidana pl. مَآذن
ma’ādin2 minaret اربةurba pl. اربurab knot, bow
ايذانidān declaration, proclamation, اريبarīb skillful, resourceful, clever,
announcement ( بof s.th..)│ ايذنا بانتهاء intelligent
الحديثindicating that the conversation is مَأربma’rab pl. مَآربma’ārib2 wish,
(was) ended desire; object of desire, purpose, aim,
مَأذونma’dūun authorized; slave with goal, end
limited legal rights (Isl. Law); = مَأذون اربيلarbīl Erbil (the ancient Arbela, city in N
( شرعيšar‘ī) official authorized by the Iraq)
cadi to perform civil marriages (Isl. Law)
ارتوازيartuwaāzī artesian (well)
مَأذونيةma’dūnīya leave, furlough (mil.
1
Syr.); license, franchise (Syr.) ارثII to sow dissension ( بينbetween, among)
2
مَؤذنmu’addin muezzin, announcer of ارثirt inheritance, heritage; estate (of
the hour of prayer inheritance)
اذنidan see 2اذا ارثوذكسيurtūduksī orthodox; الَرثوذكسيةthe
Orthodox Church
اذىadiya a to suffer damage, be harmed IV to
hs.rm, hurt, wrong ( هs.o.); to molest, الروم الَرثوذكسيar=rūm al-urtūduksī the
annoy, irritate, trouble ( هs.o.)│ لَ يؤذيlā Greek Orthodox Church
yu’dī innocuous, harmless, inoffensive V ارجarija a (araj, اريجarīj) to be fragrant V do.
to suffer damage, be wronged; to feel
offended, be hurt ارجaraj fragrance, sweet smell
اذىadan, اذاةadāh, اذيةadīya damage, ارجarij fragrant, sweet-smelling
harm; injury; trouble, annoyance, اريجarīj fragrance, sweet smell
grievance, wrong, offense, insult
ارجحII ta’arjaḥa to rock, swing
اذايةidāya damage, harm, harmfulness,
noxiousness مَتأرجحmuta'arjiḥ fluctuating
بسخةbasḳa Easter; Passion Week (Chr.) بساطbisāṯ pl. -āt, ابسطةabsiṯa, بسطbusuṯ
carpet, rug│ بساط الرحمةb. ar-raḥma
بسرbasara u ( بسورbusūr) to scowl, frown; -- winding sheet, shroud; وضع( مَسألةor) طرح
basara u (basr) and VIII to begin too ( على بساط البحثmas‘alata, baḥtan) to raise
early ( هـwith), take premature action, be a question, bring a question on the carpet,
rash ( هـin s.th.) also ( على بساط المناقشةb. il-munāqaša) for
بسرbusr (n. un. )ةpl. بسارbisār unripe discussion; طوى البساط بما فيهto bring the
dates matter to an end, settle it once and for all
باسورbāsūr pl. بواسيرbawāsīr2 بسيطbasīṯ pl. بسطاءbusaṯā’2 simple;
hemorrhoids plain, uncomplicated; slight, little, modest,
inconsiderable, trivial, trifling; البسيطname
بسطbasaṯ u (basṯ) to spread, spread out (هـ of a poetical meter; pl. بسطاءsimple souls),
s.th.); to level, flatten ( هـs.th.); to enlarge, ingenuous people│ بسيط اليدينb. al-yadain
expand ( هـs.th.); to stretch out, extend (هـ (pl. بسطbusuṯ) generous, openhanded
البسيطةal-basīṯa the earth, the world بسمbasam i (basm), V and VIII to smile
بسائطbasā’iṯ2 elements; simple remedies, بسمbasma pl. basamāt smile
medicinal plants; basic facts بسامbassām smiling
بساطةbasāṯa simplicity, plainness مَبسمmabsim, pl. مَباسمmabāsim2 mouth;
O ابسوطةubsūṯa pl. اباسيطabāsīṯ2 rim, mouthpiece, holder (for cigars, cigarettes,
felly (of a wheel) etc.)
ابسطabsaṯ2 simpler; wider, more ابتسامibtisām and (n. vic.) ابتسامَةpl. -āt
extensive smile
تبسيطtabsīṯ simplification بسملbasmala to utter the invocation بسم ا
“ الرحمن الرحيمIn the name of God, the
انبساطinbisāṯ (n. vic. )ةextensity,
Benificent, the Merciful”
extensiveness, extension; expansion,
expanse; joy. delight, happiness, gaiety, بسملbasmala utterance of the above
cheerfulness invocation; the invocation itself
‘ عضلة باسطةaḍla bāsiṯa extensor (anat.) بسينةbusaina kitty
مَبسوطmabsūṯ extended, outstretched; بسيكولوجىpsikolōjī psychological(aI)
spread out; extensive, large, sizeable; بشbašša a (bašš, بشاشةbašāša) to display a
detailed, elaborate (book); cheerful, happy, friendly, cheerful, happy mien; to smile;
gay; feeling well, in good health; (tun.) to be friendly ( لto s.o.). give s.o. ( )لa
well-to-do smile
مَنبسطmunbasiṯ extending, spreading; بشوشbašūš, baššāš smiling, friendly,
gay, happy, cheerful; level surface cheerful
( بسطرمَةTurk.) basṯurma a kind of jerked, بشاشةbašāša smile; happy mien
salted meat (eg.) باشbāšš smiling, happy; friendly, kind
البوسفورal-busfūr the Bosporus بشتbušt (Nejd, Baḥr., Ir.) a kind of cloak, =
بسقbasaqa a ( بسوقbusūq) to be high, tall, ‘ عباءةabā’a
lofty, towering; to excel, surpass ( هor على بشتةbišta (eg.) woolen cloak worn by
s.o.) Egyptian peasants
باسقbāiq high, tall, lofty, towering 1
بشرbašar i, bašira a to rejoice, be delighted,
مَنبسقmunbasiq high, tall, lofty, be happy ( بat s.th.) II to announce (as
towering good news; ب هto s.o. s.th.); to bring news
( ب هto s.o. of s.th.); to spread, propagate,
( بسكليتFr. bicyclette) biskilēt, baskilēt bicycle
preach ( بs.th.; a religion, a doctrine)│ بش
( بسكوتIt. biscotto) baskūt biscuit (ر نفسه بnafsahū) to indulge in the happy
بسكويتbaskawīt biscuit hope that … IV to rejoice (at good news)
2
X to rejoice, be delighted, be happy ( بat
بسلbasula u ( بسالةbasāla) to be brave, s.th., esp. at good news), welcome, (ب
fearless, intrepid V to scowl, glower X to s.th.); to take as good omen ( بs.th.)│ استب
be reckless, defy death 58 ( شر به خيراḳairan) to regard s.th. as
بسالةbasāla courage, intrepidity auspicious
استبسالistibsāl death defiance بشرbišr joy
بسالةbāsil pl. بسلاءbusalā’2, بواسل بشرbušr glad tidings
bawāsil2 brave, fearless, intrepid بشرىbušrā glad tidings, good news
مَسبسلmustabsil death-defying, heroic بشارةbišāra pl. -āt, بشائرbašā’ir2 good
2
بسلةbisilla peace news, glad tidings; annunciation,
prophecy; gospel; بشائرgood omens,
propitious signs│ ‘ عيد البشارةīd al-b. the بشروشbašrūš flamingo
Annunciation, the Day of Our Lady (Chr.) بشعbaši‘a a ( بشاعةbašā‘a) to be ugly,
2
بشيرbašīr pl. بشراءbušarā’ bring.r of loathsome II to make ugly, disfigure,
glad tidings, messenger, herald, harbinger, distort ( هـs.th.); to disparage, run down (هـ
forerunner, precursor; evangelist (Chr.) s.th.) X to regard as ugly, find ugly or
repugnant ( هـs.th.)
تبشيرtabšīr announcement (of glad
tidings); preaching of the Gospel; بشعbaši‘ ugly; offensive, disgusting,
evangelization, missionary activity distasteful, repugnant; unpleasant
تبشيريtabšīrī missionary بشاعةbašā‘a ugly; offensive, disgusting,
2 distasteful, repugnant; unpleasant
تباشيرtabāšīr foretokens, prognostics,
omens, first signs or indications, heralds بشاعةbašā‘a ugliness
(fig.); beginnings, dawn│ تباشير الفجرt. al- ابشعabša2 uglier; more repulsive
fajr the first shimmer of aurora, the first
1
glimpse of dawn باشقlook up alphabetically
2
مَبشرmubaššir pl. -āt announcer, ( بشقهeg.; Turk. baška; invar.) different
messenger (of glad tidings); evangelist بشكVIII to lie, prevaricate
(Chr.); preacher; missionary (Chr.)
بشاكbaššāk liar
مَستبشرmustabšir happy, cheerful
2
ابتشاكibtišāk lie, deceit, trickery
بشرbašara u to peel ( هـs.th.); to scrape off, 1
shave off, scratch off ( هـs.th.); to grate, بشكورbaškūr pl. بشاكيرbašākīr2 poker, fire
shred ( هـs.th.) III to touch ( هـs.th.), be in iron
direct contact ( هـwith s.th.); to have 2
بشكيرbalkir pl. بشاكيرbašākīr2 towel
sexual intercourse ( هwith s.o.); to attend,
apply o.s. ( بor بto s.th.), take up, take ( بشلةIt.) bišilla pl. -āt bacillus
in hand, pursue, practice, carry out (هـ بشمbašima a (bašam) to feel nauseated, be
s.th., job, a task, etc.) 59 disgusted ( مَنby s.th.), be fed up ( مَنwith)
بشرbašar man, human being; men, IV to nauseate, sicken, disgust ( هs.o.)
mankind بشمbašam surfeit, satiety, loathing, disgust
بشرىbašarī human; human being; بشمارbašmār (tun.) lacework, trimmings
epidermal, skin (adj.)│ طبيب بشرى
بشامَرىbašāmirī (tun.) laceworker, lace-
dermatologist
maker
بشرةbašara outer skin, epidermis,
بشمقbašmaq slipper (worn by fuqahā’ and
cuticle; skin; complexion
women)
بشريةbašarīya, mankind, human race
بشنةbašna (magr.) sorghum, millet
2
مَبشرةmibšara pl. مَباشرmabāšir scraper,
بشنسbašan the ninth month of the Coptic
grater
calendar
مَباشرةmubāšara pursuit, practice; direct,
بشنوقةbašnūqa pl. بشانيقbašānīq2 kerchief tied
physical cause (Isl. Law); mubāšaratan
under the chin (pal.)
immediately, directly
بشنينbašnīn lotus
مَبشورmabšūr: ( جبنة مَبشورةjubna)
shredded cheese بصbaṣṣa i (baṣṣ, بصيصbasīṣ) to glow,
sparkle, glitter, shine; -- (eg.) u to look
مَباشرmubāšir pl. -ūn direct, immediate;
practitioner, pursuer, operator; director; O بصةbaṣṣ embers
manager (Eg.); court usher (Syr.); (mil.) بصيصbaṣīṣ glow, shine; glimpse, ray
approx.: staff sergeant (Eg. 1939)│ غير (e.g., of hope); lustrous, shining
( مَباشرiṣābāt) directs
بصائصbaṣā’iṣ lustrous, shining; (eg.) كان على بصيرة مَنto have insight into s.th.,
spy, detective be informed about s.th.; نافذ البصيرة
discerning, clear-sighted, perspicacious,
بصبصbaṣbaṣa ( بصبصةbaṣbaṣa) to wag (بذنبه
sharp-witted; نفاذ البصيرةnafād al.-b. sharp
bi-danabihi its tail); (eg.) to ogle, make
discernment, perspicacity
sheep’s eyes, cast amorous glances
ابصرabṣar2 more discerning
بصخةbaṣḳa see بسخة
2 تبصرةtabṣira enlightenment; instruction,
بصرbaṣura a (baṣar) to look, see; to realize,
information
understand, comprehend, grasp ( بs.th.) II
to make ( هs.o.) understand or realize (هـ تبصرtabaṣṣur reflection, consideration;
or بs.th.), make ( هs.o.) aware ( هـor بof penetration, clear-sightedness,
s.th.); to enlighten 60 ( هـ هor ب هs.o. on or perspicacity
as to s.th.); to tell, inform ( هـ هor ب هs.o. باصرةbāṣira pl. بواصرbawāṣir2 eye
about) IV to see ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to make
2
out, behold, perceive, discern, notice ( ه,هـ البصرةal-baṣra Basra (port in S Iraq)
s.o., s.th.), set eyes on ()هـ ه, catch sight of بصقbaṣaqa u to spit ( علىon s.o.)
( ه. ;)هـto recognize ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to
reflect ( بon). ponder ( بs.th.) V to look ( بصقةbaṣqa (n. vic.) expectoration;
هـat), regard ( هـs.th.); to reflect ( فىon (expectorated) spit, spittle, saliva
s.th.), ponder ( فىs.th.) X to have the بصاقbuṣaq spit, spittle, saliva
faculty of visual perception, be able to
see; to be endowed with reason, be مَبصقةmibṣaqa spittoon, cuspidor
rational, reasonable, intelligent; to reflect ( بصلbaṣal (coll.; n. un. )ةonion(s); bulb(s)│
فىon s.th.), ponder ( فىs.th.) بصل الفارb. al-fa’r sea onion (Scilla verna)
بصرbaṣar pl. ابصارabṣār vision, eye-sight; بصلىbaṣālī bulbous
glance, look; insight; sight, discernment,
بصيلةbuṣaila pl. -āt, بصيلة الشعرb. aš-
perception│ قصير البصرshortsighted,
ša‘r bulb of the hair (anat.)
myopic; لمح البصرlamḥ al-b.glance of the
eye; دون لمح البصر, في لمح البصر,كلمح البصر بصمbaṣama u (baṣm) to print, imprint (هـ
(dūna), ( في اقل لمح البصرaqalIa) in the s.th.); to stamp ( هـs.th.); to make, or leave,
twinkling of an eye, in a moment, in a an imprint ( هـon)
flash. instantly; ( على مَدى البصرmadā) بصمةbaṣma pl. baṣamāt imprint,
within sight; له بصر ب فىis impression│ بصمة الختمb. al-ḳatm stamp
knowledgeable, in, h. is familiar with imprint, stamp; بصمة الَصابعfingerprint
بصرىbaṣarī optic(al), visual, ocular بصوةbaṣwa embers
بصرياتbaṣarīyāt optics بضbaḍḍ tender-skinned
بصارةbasāra perception, discernment; بضعbaḍa‘a a (baḍ‘) to cut, slash or slit open (
perspicacity, acuteness of the mind, sharp- هـs.th.); to cut up, carve up, dissect,
wittedness anatomize ( s.th.); to amputate (surg.) II to
بصيرbaṣīr pl. بصراءbuṣarā’2 endowed cut up, carve up, dissect, anatomize III to
with eyesight; acutely aware ( بof), sleep ( هاwith a woman) IV to invest
having insight ( بinto); possessing capital ( )هـprofitably in a commercial
knowledge or understanding ( بof), enterprise V pass. of n; to trade; to shop,
discerning, discriminating, versed, make purchase X to trade 61
knowledgeable, proficient ( بin), بضعbaḍ‘ amputation
acquainted ( بwith s.th.);
بضعbiḍ‘ (commonly, with genit. pl. of
بصيرةbaṣīra pl. ( بصائرkeen) insight, f. nouns, بضعةwith genit. pl. of m. nouns;
penetration, discernment, understanding, in classical Arabic بضعwith both genders)
(power of) mental perception, mental some, a few, several
vision│ عن بصيرةdeliberately, knowingly;
بضعةbiḍ‘a pl. بضائعbaḍā’i‘ piece (of ابطاءibṯā’ slowing down, retardation,
meat); meat; see also biḍ‘ above deceleration, reduction of speed; tarrying,
delay; slowness│ دون ابطاءwithout delay
بضعbuḍ‘ vulva
تباطؤtabātu’ slowness; slowing down,
بضاعةbiḍā‘a pl. بضائعbaḍā’i2 goods,
retardation
merchandise, wares, commodities; that
which s.o. has to offer, which he has to بطاريةbaṯṯārīya pl. -āt battery (el. and mil.)
&how, with which he is endowed (also بطاطاbaṯāṯā, بطاطاbaṯāṯā sweet potato, yam
attributes, qualities)│ قطار البضاعةfreight
train; اخرج مَا عنده مَن بضاعةhe said what he بطاطسbaṯāṯis potatoes
had intended to say بطاقةsee بطق
مَبضعmibḍa‘ pl. مَباضعmabāḍi‘2 بطبطbaṯbaṯa ( بطبطةbaṯbaṯa) to quack (duck)
dissecting knife, scalpel
بطحbaṯaḥa a (baṯḥ) to prostrate, lay low, fell,
ابضاعibḍā‘ mandate for the throw to the ground, throw down ( ه,هـ
management of affairs (lsl. Law); s.o., s.th.) V and VII to he prostrated, be
partnership in a limited company, capital laid low; to lie prostrate, sprawl, stretch
investment out; to extend, stretch; to lie
مَبضعmubḍi‘ pl. -ūn limited partner ابطحabṯaḥ2 flat, level; (pl. اباطحabāṯiḥ2)
(com.) basin-shaped valley, wide bed of a wadi
مَستبضعmustabḍi‘ manager, managing بطحاءbaṯḥā’ pl. بطاحbiṯāḥ, بطحاوات
agent (Isl. Law) baṯḥawāt basin-shaped valley; plain, level
بطbaṯṯ (n. un. )ةduck; بطةbaṯṯa leather flask│ land, flatland, open country; (tun.) public
بطة الساقcalf (of the leg) square
بطؤbaṯu’a u ( بطءbuṯ’, بطاءbiṯā’, بطاءةbaṯa’a) بطيحةbaṯīḥa pl. بطائحbaṯā’iḥ wide bed of
to he slow; to he slowgoing, slow-footed, a stream or wadi; a stagnant, shallow and
slow-paced; to tarry, linger, wait, hesitate broad body of water
II to retard, slow down, delay, hold up ( ب مَنبطحmunbaṯiḥ prostrate; flat, level;
علىs.o. in s.th.) IV to slow down, level land, plain 62
decelerate, retard, delay, hold up ( هـs.th.);
to he slow, go or drive slowly, slow down; بطيخbiṯṯīḳ, baṯṯīḳ (n. un. )ةmelon, water-
to be late ( عنfor s.th., in meeting s.o.), melon; baṯṯīḳ hub (of a wheel; syr.)
keep s.o. ( )عنwaiting V to be slow, tardy ( مَبطخةmabṯaḳa melon patch
فىin) VI to he slow, leisurely, unhurried; 1
to go, drive, act or proceed slowly, بطرbaṯira a (baṯar) to be wild, wanton,
leisurely; to he slowgoing, slow-footed, reckless; to be proud, vain; to be
slow-paced; to slow down X to find slow ( discontented ( هـwith s.th.); to disregard (هـ
ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to have to wait a long time s.th.) IV to make reckless
( هfor s.o.), be kept waiting ( هby s.o.) بطرbaṯar wantonness, cockiness,
بطءbuṯ’ slowness, tardiness│ ببطء arrogance, hubris, pride, vanity
slowly, leisurely, unhurriedly اباطرةabāṯira (pl.) bona vivants,
بطئbaṯI’ pl. بطاءbiṯā’ slow, unhurried; playboys, epicures
slowgoing, slow-footed, slow-paced; 2
البطراءal-baṯrā’ Petra (ancient city of
tardy, late; sluggish, lazy; slow, gradual, Edomites and Nabataeans; ruins now in
imperceptible│O بطىء الترددb. at- SW Jordan)
taraddud of low frequency (el.)
بطرخbaṯraḳ pl. بطارخbaṯāriḳ2 roe (of fish)
ابطأabṯa’2 slower│ ابطأ مَن غراب نوح
بطرسbuṯrus Peter
(gurābi nūḥ) tardier than Noah’s raven,
i.e., slower than a ten years’ itch بطرشيلbaṯrašīl and بطرشينbaṯrašīn stole
(proverbially of s.o. who ia very tardy) (Chr.)
بطريقbiṯrīq pl. بطارقةbaṯāriqa, بطاريقbaṯārīq2 باطلbāṯil nugatory, vain, futile; false,
patrician; Romaean general; penguin untrue; absurd, groundless, baseless;
(zool.) worthless; invalid, null, void; deception,
lie, falsehood; بالباطلand باطلاbāṯila
بطركbaṯrak, بطريكbaṯrīk, بطريركbaṯriyark pl.
falsely; futilely, in vain; pl. اباطيلabāṯīl2
بطاركةbaṯārika Patriarch (as. an
vanities, trivialities, trifles, flimflam, idle
ecclesiastic title, Chr.)
talk, prattle
بطركيةbaṯrakīya, بطريركيةbaṯriyarkīya
مَبطلmubṯil prattler, windbag; liar
patriarchate (Chr.)
مَبطلmubṯal nugatory, futile, vain
بطشbaṯaša i u (baṯš) to attack with violence;
to bear down on, fall upon s.o. ( بor ;)فى مَتبطلmutabaṯṯil unemployed
to knock out ( هs.o.); to hit, strike ( بs.th.). 2
بطلbaṯula u ( بطالةbaṯāla, بطولةbuṯūla) to be
land with a thud ( بon) brave, be heroic, be a hero
بطشbaṯš strength, power, force, بطلbaṯal pl. ابطالabṯāl brave, heroic; hero;
violence; courage, valor, bravery; champion, pioneer; hero, protagonist (of a
oppression, tyranny narrative, etc.), lead, star 63 (of a play);
بطشةbaṯša impact champion (athlet.)│ بطل العالمb. Al-‘alam
world champion
بطاقةbiṯāqa pl. –āt, بطائقbaṯā’iq2 slip (of
paper), tag; card, calling card; ticket; بطلةbaṯala heroine (of a narrative),
label│ بطاقة الزيارةcalling card; بطاقة شخصية female lead, star (of a play); woman
(šaḳṣīya) and بطاقة التعريفidentity card; champion (athlet..)
بطاقة المواد الغذائيةb. al-mawādd al-gidā’īya, بطالةbaṯāla bravery, valor, heroism
بطاقة التموينfood ration card; بطاقة المعايدةb.
al-mu‘āyada greeting card بطولةbuṯūla bravery, valor, heroism;
1 leading role, starring role (theater, film);
بطلbaṯala u (buṯl, بطلانbuṯlān) to be or championship (athlet.)│ البطولة العالمية
become null, void, invalid, false, (‘ālamīya) and بطولة العالمb. al-‘ālam world
untenable, vain, futile, worthless; to be championship (athlet.); دور البطولةthe part
abolished, fall into disuse, become or role of the hero, leading role
obsolete; to cease, stop, be discontinued;
to be inactive. be oat of work II to thwart, بطالسةbaṯālisa Ptolemies
foil, frustrate, make ineffective counteract, بطمbuṯm, buṯūm terebinth (bot.)
neutralize, nullify, invalidate ( هـs.th.); to 1
abolish, cancel, annul, suppress ( هـs.th.) بطنbaṯana u (baṯn, بطونbulan) to he hidden,
IV = II; to talk idly, prattle; to paralyze, concealed, to hide; -- baṯuna u (بطانة
immobilize, hold down, pin down ( هthe baṯāna) to be paunchy II to line ( هـa
opponent) garment, ب هـs.th. with); to cover the
inside ( ب هـof s.th. with), hang, face, fill (
بطلbuṯl nullity; uselessness, futility. ب هـs.th. with) IV to hide, conceal, harbor
vanity; falsity, falseness, untruth ( هـs.th.) V to be lined, have a lining
بطالةbiṯāla and baṯāla idleness, (garment); to penetrate, delve ( هـinto),
inactivity; free time, time off, holidays, become absorbed, engrossed ( هـin) X to
vacations; unemployment penetrate, delve ( هـinto), become
absorbed, engrossed ( هـin); to try to
بطالbaṯṯāl pl. –ūn idle, inactive; fathom ( هـs.th.); to fathom ( هـs.th.), get to
unemployed, out of work the bottom of ( ;)هـto have profound
بطلانbuṯlān nullity; uselessness, futility, knowledge ( هـof s.th.), know thoroughly,
vanity; falsity, untruth; invalidity know inside out ( هـs.th.)
ابطالibṯāl thwarting, frustration, بطنbaṯn pl. بطونbuṯūn, ابطنabṯun belly,
invalidation; ruin, destruction; abolition, stomach, abdomen; womb; interior, inside,
cancellation inner portion; depth│ بطن القدمb. al-qadam
sole of the foot; بطن الكفb. al-kaff palm of
the hand; رقص البطنand رقص البطونraqṣ بظرbaẓr pl. بظورbuẓur clitoris (anat.) 64
al-b. belly dance; ( فى بطنbaṯni) in, within, بعبعbu‘bu‘ pl. بعابعba‘ābi‘2 bugaboo, bogey
in the midst of; فى بطونinside, within, in;
( ولدت بطنا واحداwaladat) she gave birth بعثba‘ata a (ba‘t) to send, send out, dispatah
only once; ( بطنا لظهرli-ẓahrin) upside ( الى بor ه, هـs.o. or s.th. to); to forward (
down الى بor هـs.th. to); to delegate ( بor ه الى
s.o. to); to emit ( بor هـs. th.); to evoke,
بطنىbaṯnī ventral, abdominal arouse, call forth, awaken ( هـs.th.); to stir
بطنbaṯin paunchy up, provoke, bring on ( هـs.th.); to revive,
resuscitate ( هـs.th.); to resurrect ( هs.o., مَن
بطنةbiṯna gluttony; overeating,
الموتfrom death); to incite, induce ( علىto
indigestion
s.th.), instigate, ( علىs.th.); to cause (على
بطانbiṯān pl. ابطنةabṯina girth (of a s.th.; e.g., astonishment)│بعث اليه هزة الخوف
camel) (hazzat al-ḳauf) to scare the wits out of
بطانةbiṯāna pl. بطائنbaṯā’in2 inside, s.o.; ( بعث روح الحياة فيrūḥa l-ḥayāh) to
inner side; lining (of a garment); retinue, breathe life into s.th. or s.o., revive s.th.
suite, entourage│ فى بطانةamong, amidst; VII to be Bent out, be emitted, be
within dispatched, be delegated; to be triggered,
be caused, be provoked; to be resurrected
بطينbaṯīn pl. بطانbiṯān and مَبطان ( مَن الموتfrom death); to originate ( مَنin),
mibṯān, paunchy, fat, corpulent, stout; come ( مَنfrom), be caused ( مَنby); to
gluttonous emanate (fragrance); to arise, spring,
بطينbuṯain ventricle (of the heart; anat.) proceed, develop ( مَنfrom), grow out of (
;)مَنto set out to do s.th. (with foll.
بطانيةbaṯṯānīya pl. -āt, بطاطينbaṯāṯīn2 imperf.) VIII to send, dispatch ( هs.o.)
cover; blanket; quilt
بعثba‘t sending out, emission,
باطنbāṯin pl. بواطنbawāṯin2 inner, dispatching, delegation, etc.; resurrection;
interior, inward, inmost, intrinsic; hidden, pl. بعوثbu‘ūt delegations, deputations│
secret; الباطنةcoastal plain of E Oman; باطنا حزب البعثḥizb al-b. approx.: Renaissance
bāṯinan inwardly, secretly│ باطن الكفb. Party, a political party with strong socialist
al-kaff palm of the hand; باطن القدمb. al- tendencies; يوم البعثDay of Resurrection
qadam sole of the foot; فى باطن الَمَرat (from the dead)
bottom, after all, really; بواطن الَمَرthe
factors, circumstances or reasons at the بعثةba‘ta pl. ba‘atāt delegation,
bottom of s.th.; بواطن الَرضb. al-arḍ the deputation, mission; expedition; student
secret depths of the earth exchange; group of exchange students;
revival, rebirth, renaissance, rise│ بعثة
باطنيbāṯinī internal│ مَرض باطني ‘( عسكريةaskarīya) military mission; بعثة
(maraḍ) internal disease; ( الطب الباطنيṯibb) دبلومَاسيةdiplomatic mission; بعثة اثرية
internal medicine (atarīya) archaeological expedition; رئيس
الباطنيةal-bāṯinīya name of a school of البعثةra’īs al-b. chief of mission (dipl.)
thought in Islam, characterized by باعوثbā‘ūt Easter (Chr.)
divining a hidden, secret meaning in the
revealed texts مَبعثmab‘at sending, forwarding,
dispatch; emission; awakening, arousal; --
مَبطونmabṯūn affected with a gastric or (pl. مَباعثmabā‘it2) cause; factor
intestinal ailment
باعثbā‘it pl. بواعثbawā‘it2 incentive,
مَبطنmubaṯṯan lined; filled ( بwith) inducement, motive, spur, reason, cause,
2
بطنII (tun.) to full ( هـs.th.) occasion
( باطانSpan. batán) bāṯān fulling mill مَبعوثmab‘ūt dispatched, delegated;
envoy, delegate; representative, deputy (in
باطيةbāṯiya pl. بواطbawāṯin pitcher, jug
the Ottoman Empire)
بظbaẓẓa u to spout, gush out, well out
مَنبعثmunba‘at source, point of origin
بعثرba‘tara ( بعثرةba‘tara) to scatter, strew
around, fling about ( هـs.th.); to disarrange,
throw into disorder ( هـs.th.); to squander,
waste, dissipate ( هـs.th.) II tabatara pass.
مَبعثرmuba‘tar scattered, widespread
بعجba‘aja a (ba‘j) to slit open ( هـthe belly); to
groove, dent, notch ( هـs.th.) VII to have
indentations or notches; to be bruised,
dented, bumpy; to get battered
مَنبعجmunba‘ij notched, indented
بعدba‘uda u (bu'd) to be distant, far away, far
off; to keep away, keep one’s distance (عن
from); to go far beyond ()عن, exceed by
far ( عنs.th.); to be remote, improbable,
unlikely│ بعد به عنhe kept him away from;
لَ يبعد انit is not unlikely that ... II to
remove ( هs.o.); to banish, exile, expatriate
( هs.o.) III to cause a separation (بين
between)│ باعد بين فلن وبين الشيءto prevent
s.o. from attaining s.th.; باعد بين اجفانه
(ajfānihī) to stare wide-eyed IV to remove
( هـs.th.); to take away ( هـs.th.); to
eliminate ( هـs.th.), do away with ( ;)هـto
send away, dismiss ( هs.o.); to expatriate,
banish, exile ( هs.o.); to exclude, make
unlikely, improbable, impossible ( هـs.th.);
to go or move far away; to go very far (فى
in or with s.th.) VI to be separated, lie
apart, lie at some distance from one
another; to separate, part company,
become estranged; to move away, go
away, withdraw, depart ( عنfrom); to keep intervals VIII to move or go away; to keep
away, keep one’s distance ( عنfrom); to away, withdraw ( عنfrom); to quit, leave,
quit, leave, avoid ( عنs.th.); to follow in avoid ( عنs.th.); to leave out of
regular 65 consideration, disregard ( عنs.th.) X to
single out, set aside ( هـs.th.); to think
remote, farfetched ( هـs.th.); to regard as
unlikely ( هـs.th.); to disqualify ( هs.o.)
بعدbu‘d remoteness, farness; (pl. ابعاد
ab‘ād) distance; dimension; interval
(mus.)│ على بعدand على البعدin the distance,
far off; على بعد مَئة مَترat a distance of 100
meters; عن بعدand مَن بعدfrom a distance,
from afar; ذو ثلثة ابعادthree-dimensional;
قياس الَبعادqiyās al-a. linear measure; بعد
الهمةb. al-himma high aspirations,
loftiness of purpose; بعد الشقةb. aš-šiqqa
wide interval, wide gap; بعد الصيتb. aṣ-ṣīt
renown, fame, celebrity; بعد الصوتb. aṣ-
ṣaut do.; بعد النظرb. an-naẓar far تبعيدtab‘īd banishment
sightedness, foresight; بعداbu‘dan li away بعادbi‘ād distance
with ... !
مَباعدةmubā‘ada sowing of dissension,
بعدba‘du then, thereupon; afterwards, estrangement, alienation
later, after that, in the following; still,
yet│ فيما بعدafterwards, later; امَا بعدsee 1;امَا ابعادib‘ād removal, separation, isolation;
هو بعد صغيرhe is only a small boy, be is elimination; expatriation, banishment,
still young; ( لم يأت بعدya’ti) he hasn’t come deportation
yet تباعدtabā‘ud interdistance; mutual
بعدba‘da (prep.) after; in addition to, estrangement
beside; aside from│ بعد كونه... (kaunihī) مَبعدmub‘ad deported; deportee
aside from the fact that he is ... ; بعد ذلك
afterwards, after that, later (on); besides, مَتباعدmutabā‘id separate│ في فترات
moreover; بعد ذاكbesides, moreover; بعد ان ( مَتباعدةfatarāt) in wide intervals; في فترات
ba‘da an (conj.) after; ( اذid), بعد مَاand مَن ( مَتباعدة مَن الزمَنzaman) at infrequent
( بعد مَاba‘di) do.; ( سفه مَا بعده سفهsafahun) intervals, from time to time
the height of stupidity مَستبعدmustab‘ad improbable, unlikely
بعدئذba‘da’idin then, thereafter, 66
thereupon, after that, afterwards 1
بعرba‘r, ba‘ar, droppings, dung (of animals)
بعيدba‘īd pl. بعداءbu‘adā’, بعدbu‘ud, بعدا 2
بعيرba‘īr pl. ابعرةab‘ira, بعرانbu‘ran, اباعر
نba‘dān, بعادbi‘ād distant, far away, fur abā‘ir2, بعارينba‘ārīn2 camel
(or from); remote, outlying, out-of-the-
way; far-reaching, extensive; farfetched, بعزقba‘zaqa ( بعزقةba‘zaqa) to scatter,
improbable, unlikely; unusual, strange, dissipate, squander, waste ( هـs.th.)
odd, queer; incompatible, inconsistent (عن مَبعزقmuba'ziq squanderer, spendthrift,
with)│ مَن بعيدfrom afar, from a distance; wastrel
‘( مَنذ عهد بعيدahd) along time ago; بعيد الَثر
بعضII to divide into parts or portions ( هـs.th.)
b. al-atar of far-reaching consequence; بعيد
V to be divided, be divisible
التاريخremote in time, going way back in
history, ancient; بعيد الشأرb. aš-ša’w high- بعضba‘ḍ part, portion; one; some, a
minded, bold; بعيد الشقةb. aš-šiqqa far few; a little of, some of│ بعض العلماءb.
apart; بعيد الغورb. al-gaur deep; al-‘ulamā’ one (or Borne) of the scholars;
unfathomable; بعيد المدىb. al-madā long- ( رفعنا بعضهم فوق بعضrafa‘na) we have
distance, long-range; extensive, far- exalted some of them above the others; البع
reaching; بعيد النظرb. an-naẓar farsighted; ض—البعض الخرsome—some, a few
farseeing; بعيد المنالb. al-manāl hardly others; بعضهم بعضاone another, each other,
attainable, hard to get at; ذهب بعيداto go far mutually, reciprocally; بعضه فى بعضone in
away, go to distant land.; تطلع الى بعيدto the other, within one another; بعض الشيء
look off into the distance ba‘ḍa š-šai’ to some extent, somewhat, a
little, rather; ( مَاثلة بعض المماثلةba‘ḍa l-m.)
بعيدbu'aida (prep.) shortly after, soon
he resembled him somewhat, to some
after
extent; ( مَنذ قرن وبعض قرنqarn) for the last
ابعدab‘ad2 pl. اباعدabā‘d2 farther, hundred years and more
remoter, more distant; more extensive;
بعوضba‘ūḍ (n. un. )ةgnats, mosquitoes
less likely, more improbable; pl. اباعد
abā‘d2 very distant relative│ الشرق الَبعد تبعيضtab‘īḍ division, partition.
(šarq) the Far East; الَبعدthe absent one portioning
(used as a polite periphrasis for s.o. who is بعكوكةbu‘kūka club, society
being criticized or blamed for s.th.; also
when referring to the 1st and 2nd persons) بعلba‘l the god Baal; land or plants thriving
on natural water supply; -- (pl. بعولbu‘ū,
ابعاديةab‘adīya pl. -āt country estate بعولةbu‘ūla) lord; husband
بعلةba'w wife بغلbagl pl. بغالbigāl, ابغالabgal mule; بغلة
bagla pl. bagalāt female mule│ بغال القنطرة
بعلىba‘l, unirrigated (land. plants)
b. al-qanṯara the piers of the bridge
بعلبكba‘lbakk2 Baalbek (ancient Heliopolis,
بغالbaggāl pl. -ūn mule driver, muleteer
village in E Lebanon)
67
بغتbagata a (bagt, بغتةbagta) to come
بغىbagā i ( بغاءbugā’) to seek, desire, covet,
unexpectedly, descend unawares ( هupon
seek to attain ( هـs.th.), wish for s.th. (;)هـ
s.o.) III do.; to surprise (. s.o.) VII to be
-- (bagy) to wrong, treat unjustly ( علىs.o.)
taken by surprise; to be taken aback, be
, to oppress ( علىs.o.), commit outrage (
aghast, he nonplused
علىupon); to whore, fornicate VII ينبغىit
بغتةbagta surprising event, surprise; is desirable, necessary; it is proper,
bagtatan, على بغتةbagtatin all of a sudden, appropriate, seemly, it ought to be, should
suddenly, surprisingly be; with له: it behooves him, with عليه: he
مَباغتةmubāgata sudden arrival, must, he should, he ought to VIII to seek,
surprising incident or event, surprise; desire ( هـs.th.), aspire ( هـto s.th.), strive (
sudden attack, raid هـfor)
( بلوزFr. blouse) bəlūz, bəlūza pl. –āt blouse بنيbunaiya my little son
( بلوكTurk. bölük) bulūk pl. -āt company (mil.; بنوةbunuwwa sonship, filiation
Eg.)│ بلوك امَينb. amīn (mil.) approx.: بنوىbanawi filial
quartermaster sergeant (formerly, Eg.)
تبنtabannin adoption (also fig., e.g. of
بلونballūn balloon ideas, principles, etc.)
1
بلىbalā yes, yes indeed, certainly, surely 2
بنbunn coffee beans, coffee
2
بلىbaliya etc., see بلو بنىbunnī coffee-colored, brown
( بلياتشوIt. paglaccio) palyatšō clown, buffoon بنانbanān finger tips│ ( يشار عليه ببنانyušāru
( بلياردوIt. bigliardo) bilyardō billiards lit.: he is pointed at with fingers, i.e., he is
famous man; انا طوع بنانكanā tau‘a بنزهيرbanzahīr bezoar, bezoar stone
banānika I am at your disposal, I am at بنزينbanzīn, benzīn gasoline, benzine
your service
( بنسEngl.) pence
بنادورةbanādōra (syr.; from It. pomodoro)
tomato(es) بنسلينbenisilīn penicillin
بنارسbanāris2 Banaras or Benares (the Holy ( بنسيهFr. pensée) banēh pansy (bot.)
City of the Hindus, in N India) بنسيونbansiyōn pl. -āt boardinghouse;
بنباشىsee بكباشى boarding school
بنتsee 1 بن بنصرbinṣir f., pl. بناصرbanāsir2 ring finger
بنتوbintū napoleon, louis d'or (gold coin of 20 بنطbunṯ pl. بنوطbunūṯ point (stock market)
francs) بنطلونbanṯalūn (from It. pantaloni) pl. –āt
بنجII to dope, narcoticize (with banj; هs.o.); to trousers, pants
anesthetize (. s.o.) بنغازىbangāzī Bengasi (city in NE Libya,
بنجbanj henbane (Hyoscyamus niger; capital of Cyrenaica)
bot); an anesthetic, a narcotic البنغالal-bangāl Bengal (region, NE Indian
البنجابal-banjāb the Punjab (region, NW subcontinent)
Indian subcontinent) بنفسجbanafsaj (coll.; n. un. )ةviolet (bot.)
بنجرbanjar red beet (eg.) بنفسجىbanafsajī violetlike, violetish;
بندband pl. بنودbunūd article, clause, violet (adj.)│ فوق البنفسجىor وراء البنفسجى
paragraph (of a. la.w, contract, etc.); ultraviolet
banner; large body of troops
بنفشbanfaš, banafš amethyst (min.)
بندرbandar pl. بنادرbanādir2 seaport;
commercial center; district capital (Eg.); بن بنقةbinaqa and بنيقةbanīqa gore, gusset (of a
ادرsee also under بنديرةbelow│ بندر عباس shirt or garment)
‘abbās Bandar Abbas (seaport in S Iran) 1
بنكbunk root, core, heart, best part│ بنك العمر
بندورةlook up alphabetically b. al-‘umr the prime of life, the best years
2
بندقbunduq (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. بنادقbanādiq2 بنكbank pl. بنوكbunūk bank, banking house│
hazelnut(s), filberts; hazel, hazel tree; بندقة بنك التسليفcredit bank; بنك التوفيرdeposit
hazelnut, filbert; bullet bank; بنك الدمb. ad-dam blood bank; البنك
( الدولىdaulī) the World Bank
بندقىbunduqī Venetian sequin 3
مَبنكmubannak stranded
بندقيةbunduqīya pl. بنادقbanādiq2 rifle, 4
gun│ بندقية رشb. rašš shotgun مَحنك مَبنكmuḥannak mubannak shrewd, sly,
astute
البندقيةal.bunduqīya Venice
( بنكنوتEngl.) banknōt banknote
بندقانىbunduqani pl. -ūn, بنادقةbanādiqa
a Venitian بنوةand بنوىsee 1بن
بندوقbundūq pl. بناديقbanādīq2 bastard ( بنوارFr. baignoire) banwār baignoire, theater
box of the lowest tier
بندورةbanadōra (syr.; from It. pomodoro) 1
tomatoes بنىbana i ( بناءbinā’, بنيانbunyān) and VIII to
build, erect, construct, set up ( هـs.th.); to
احمر بندورىaḥmar2 banadōrī tomato-red build, establish, rest ( على هـs.th. on); to
( بندولFr. pendule) bandūl pendulum consummate the marriage ( بهاand عليها
with a woman); pass. buniya, ubtuniya to
( بنديرةSpan. bandera) bandēra pl. بنادر
be based, be built, rest ( علىon)│ بنى كلمة
banadir2 pennon, flag, banner
( علىkalimalan) to give a word an
بنورbannūr (= بلورballūr) glass
indeclinable ending in (a certain vowel or descend unexpectedly ( هupon s.o.); to
a vowelless consonant; gram.) V see 1 بن startle, stagger, flabbergast ( هs.o.) IV to
surprise, astonish, amaze ( هـs.o.) VII = I
بناءbinā’ building, construction,
erection, setting up; structure (also, e.g., بهتbuht and بهتانbuhtān slander, false
of an organism), setup, make-up; (pl. ابنية accusation; lie, untruth
abniya) building, structure, edifice│ اعادة بهتةbahta perplexity, amazement,
البناءi‘ādat al-b. reconstruction; البناء الحر bewilderment, stupefaction
(ḥurr) Freemaaonry; بناء علىbinā’an ‘alā
according to, in accordance with, on the باهتbāhit pale, pallid, faded (color);
basis of, by virtue of, on the strength of; perplexed, aghast
بناء على هذاaccordingly, thus مَبهوتmabhūt perplexed, astonished,
بنائىbinā’ī constructional, building amazed, startled, flabbergasted, aghast
(used attributively); architectural; بهجbahija a to be glad, he bappy ( بabout),
structural he delighted ( بat); -- bahuja u to be
بنيةbinya, bunya pl. بنىbinan, bunan beautiful, look wonderful IV to gladden,
structure, setup, make-up; binya build, delight, make happy ( بs.o.) VIII to be
frame, physique, physical constitution│ glad, be happy ( بabout), be delighted (ب
ضعيف البنيةof delicate constitution; صحيح at)
البنيةand سليم البنيةof sound constitution, بهجةbahja splendor, magnificence,
healthy; قوي البنيةqawīy al-b. husky, sturdy beauty, resplendence; joy, delight│ بهجة
بناءbannā’ pl. -ūn builder; mason; الَنظارdelight of the eyes, welcome sight
constructive│ (بناء حرḥurr) Freemason بهجbahij, بهيجbahīj magnificent,
بنايةbināya pl. -āt building, structure, splendid, beautiful; happy, joyous;
edifice delightful
بنيانbunyān building, construction, مَبهجةmabhaja a moment of happiness
erection, setting up; building, structure, and joy
edifice; physique, stature مَباهجmabāhij joys, delights; pleasures,
مَبنىmabnan pl. مَبانmabānin building, amusements, diversions; splendid things;
construction, erection, setting up; splendor, pomp, magnificence
building, structure. edifice; form; ابتهاجibtihāj joy, rejoicing, delight ( بat)
foundation, fundament, basis │ الرأى
( والمبنىra’y) content and form مَبهجmubhij pleasant, charming,
delightful
تبنtabannin see 1 بن
مَبتهجmubtahij happy, glad, delighted
بانbānin pl. بناةbunāh builder
بهدلbahdala to insult ( هs.o.); to treat
مَبنىmabnīy built, set up. erected; contemptuously, meanly ( هs.o.); to expose
founded, based, resting ( علىon); fixed, ( هs.o.) to ridicule, make a laughingstock (ه
established; indeclinable; ending of s.o.) II tabahdala pass. of I
indeclinably ( علىin; gram.)
2
بهدلةbahdala insult, affront, abuse,
( ﭙنىEngl.) penny outrage; meanness; triteness, insipidity
( بنيوIt. bagno) banyō batb, bathtub مَبهدلmubahdal maltreated, oppressed,
بهتbahita a, bahuta u and pass. buhita (baht) miserable
to be astonished, amazed, bewildered, بهرbahara a (bahr) and IV to glitter, shine; to
startled, perplexed, flabbergasted, dazzle, overwhelm ( هs.o., هـs.o.’s eyes)│
speechless; -- bahita to be or become pale, شيء يبهر الَبصارa dazzling, overwhelming
fade (color); -- bahata a to astonish, thing; -- pass. buhira to be out of breath,
amaze, bewilder, startle, stagger, to pant VII to be dazzled, blinded; to be
flabbergast ( هs.o.); ( بهتانbuhtān) to smitten with blindness; to. be out of breath
slander, defame ( هs.o.) III to come or
VIII to flaunt, parade, show off, present in بهلbahala a (bahl) to curse ( هs.o.) V and VI
a dazzling light ( بs.th.) to curse one another VIII to supplicate,
pray humbly (to God)
بهرbahr deception, dazzlement ( بby)
ابهلabhal savin (Juniperus sabina; bot.)
بهرbuhr difficult respiration, labored
breathing ابتهالibtihāl supplication, prayer
بهرbahra (n. vic.) being dazzled, باهلbāhil pl. بهلbuhl, buhhal free,
dazzlement independent
بهرةbuhra middle, center│ فى بهرة... بهلولbuhlūl, bahlūl pl. بهاليلbahālīl2 buffoon,
amidst jester, clown, fool
ابهرabhar2 more brilliant, more بهلوانbahlawān pl. -āt, -īya acrobat, tumbler,
magnificent equilibrist, ropedancer, tightrope walker
ابهرabhar2 aorta (anat.) بهلوانىbahlawānī acrobatic│ حركات
( بهلوانيةḥarakāt) acrobatics; antics, capers
بهارbahār pl. -āt spice
of a tumbler; ( طيران بهلوانىṯayarān) aerial
ابتهارibtihār dazzling display, show (ب acrobatics, stunt flying
of s.th.)
بهمIV to make obscure, dubious, unintelligible
باهرbāhir dazzling, brilliant, splendid ( هـs.th.) V and X to be obscure,
مَبهورmabhūr breathless, out of breath, ambiguous, unintelligible ( علىto s.o.)
panting بهمةbahma lamb, sheep
بهرجbahraja ( بهرجbahraja) to adorn, deck بهيمbahīm pl. بهمbuhum jet-black
out, dress up showily; to give a deceptive
بهيمةbahīma pl. بهائمbahā’im beast,
brightness ( هـto); to glamorize ( هـs.th.); to
animal, quadruped; pl. livestock, cattle,
reject as false ( هa witness); to fake,
(large) domestic animals
counterfeit ( هـs.th.) II tabahraja to adorn
o.s., spruce o.s. up, dress up; to be fake بهيمىbahīmī animal, bestial, brutish
بهرجbahraj false, spurious, fake, sham, بهيميةbahīmīya brutishness, bestiality,
worthless, bad; counterfeit money; tinsel, brutality
frippery, cheap finery; trash, cheap stuff ابهامibhām obscurity; vagueness,
بهرجةbahraja empty show, hollow ambiguity
pomp ابهامibhām pl. اباهيمabāhīm2 thumb; big
بهرجانbahrajan tinsel, frippery toe
مَبهرجmubahraj showy, tawdry, gaudy, باهمbāhim big toe
ornate, ostentatious; trashy, rubbishy, مَبهمmubham obscure, dark, cryptic,
cheap, inartistic doubtful, vague, ambiguous│ عدد مَبهم
بهريزbahrīz (eg.) a soup (‘adad) abstract number (math.); O العصب
‘( المبهمaṣab) the vagus (anat.); الَسم المبهم
بهظbahaza a (bahz) to oppress weigh down (ه
(ism) the demonstrative pronoun (gram.)
s.o.; a load, work), weigh heavily ( هـon
1
s.o.) IV do. ( بها )بهوbahā u, bahuwa u and بهىbahiya a (
بهاءbahā’) to be beautiful III to vie,
باهظbāhiẓ heavy, oppressive, trying;
compete ( ب هwith s.o. in s.th.); to pride
excessive, exorbitant, enormous;
o.s. ( بon) وbe proud ( بof), boast ( بof,
expensive, costly
ب هto s.o. of s.th.) VI to compete with one
بهقbahaq a kind of lichen (bot.); herpetic another; to be proud ( بof), pride o.s. (ب
eruption, tetter; vitiligo alba, a mild form on)
of leprosy (med.)
بهوbahw pl. ابهاءabhā’ hall; parlor,
drawing room, reception hall
بهىbahīy beautiful, magnificent, s.th., terminate, close s.th.; ( مَن باب الفضلb.
splendid; brilliant, radiant, shining il-faḍl) as a favor; (مَن باب اولىaulā) with
all the more reason, the more so; فى هذا
بهاءbahā’ beauty, magnificence,
البابabout this matter, about this; مَن باب
splendor; brilliancy
( الضرورة انb. iḍ-ḍarūra) it is necessary
بهائىbahā’ī Bahai (adj.); (pl. -ūn) an that ... ; ( هذا ليس مَن باب الصدفةb. iṣ-ṣudfa)
adherent of the Bahai sect, a Bahai that’s no coincidence; كان مَن بابor دخل في
ابهىabhā more splendid, more brilliant ( بابwith foll. genit.) to belong to, fall
under; فريد في بابهunique of its kind; طلع
مَباهاةmubāhāh and تباهtabāhin pride, على باب اto pursue one's livelihood, earn
vainglory, boastfulness one’s bread 80
2
بهواتsee بك بابةbāba pl. -āt kind, sort, class,
( باء )بوءbā’a u to come again, return; to category
come back ( بwith s.th.), bring back, بوابbawwāb pl. -ūn doorman,
yield, bring in ( بs.th.)│ باء بالخيبةor بالفشل gatekeeper
(ḳaiba, fašal) to fail II to provide
accommodations ( لand هfor s.o., هـat a بوابةbiwāba office of gatekeeper
place), put up ( لor هs.o., هـat)│بوأ مَكانا بوابةbawwāba pl. -āt (large) gate,
(makānan) to take a place, settle down, portal│ بوابة القنطرةb. al-qanṯara lock gate
live or stay at a place IV to provide
تبويبtabwīb division into chapters,
accommodations ( هfor s.o., هـat a place);
sectioning, classification, systematic
to settle down, reside, live ( بat a place) V
arrangement, grouping
to settle down ( هـat a place), occupy (
مَركزاmarkazan a place), hold (مَقامَا مَبوبmubawwab arranged in groups,
maqāman a position)│( تبوأ مَكاناmakānan) classed, classified
to gain ground, become generally بوبلينboblīn poplin
accepted; ‘( تبوأ العرشarš) to ascend the
throne; ( تبوأ الحكمḥukm) to come to power, ( بوبينةFr. bobine) bobīna spool, reel
take over power بويتsee بيت
بيئةbī’a pl. -āt (usually pronounced بوتاس,( بوتاساIt. potasa) būtāsā, būtās potash
bai’a) pl. -āt residence, domicile, seat;
situation; surroundings, environment, بوتقةbūtaqa (usually pronounced bautaqa)
milieu; home, habitat crucible, melting pot│في بوتقة الزمَان
(zamān) in the melting pot of time
مَباءةmabā’a place to which s.th. comes;
abode, dwelling, habitation ( بوجيةFr. bougie) bužīh pl. -āt spark plug (eg.)
تبوءtabawwu’: تبوء العرشt. al-‘arš ( باح )بوحbāḥa u (bauḥ) to become known, be
accession to the throne revealed, be divulged, leak out (secret); to
reveal, disclose, divulge ( هـor بs.th., a
بوبII to divide into chapters or sections (هـ secret; الىand لto s.o.) IV to disclose,
s.th.); to arrange in groups, arrange reveal ( هـor بs.th., لto s.o.); to release,
systematically, class, classify ( هـs.th.) abandon, make public property, declare
بابbāb pl. ابوابabwāb, بيبانbībān ownerless ( هـs.th.); to permit, allow, leave
door;; gate; opening, gateway; entrance; (s.th., لto s.o.); to justify, warrant ( هـs.th.)
chapter, section, column, rubric; group, X to reveal ( هـs.th.); to regard as public
class, category; field, domain (fig.)│ الباب property, as ownerless, as fair game; to
العالىthe Sublime Porte; باب المندبb. al- deem permissible, lawful ( هـs.th.); to hurt
mandab Bab el Mandeb (strait between ( حرمَتهḥurmatahū s.o.’s honor); to take
SW Arabia and Africa; geogr.); على الَبواب possession ( هـof), appropriate, take as
near, imminent; فتح بابا جديداto open up a booty ( هـs.th.); to seize, confiscate (هـ
new way, a new possibility; فتح بابfutiḥa s.th.)│( استباح دمَهdamahū) to proscribe,
bāb ... was (were) begun, ... got under outlaw s.o.
way; ( قفل باب الشيءqafala) to put an end to
بوحbauḥ divulgence, disclosure (of a girl could not get a husband II to let lie
secret); confession fallow ( هـland); to make unprofitable,
useless ( هـs.th.) IV to destroy
بوحbūḥ wide, open space; courtyard;
hall بورbūr uncultivated, fallow│ ارض بور
(arḍ), pl. ( اراض بورarāḍin) fallow land,
باحةbāḥa pl. -āt wide, open space; open
wasteland
place, square, plaza; courtyard; hall
اباحةibāḥa divulgence, disclosure (of a بوارbawār perdition, ruin│ دار البوارhell
secret); permission, authorization; بائرbā’ir uncultivated, fallow (land)
licentiousness
بورانىbaurānī (eg.) a vegetable stew
اباحىibāḥī licentious, unrestrained,
بور سعيدbūr sa‘īd Port Said (seaport in NE
uninhibited; anarchist; freethinker
Egypt)
اباحيةibāḥīya freethinking, libertinism;
بور سودانbūr sūdān Port Sudan (seaport in NE
anarchism
Sudan)
استباحةistibāḥa appropriation, capture,
بورتوريكوburturīkū Puerto Rico
seizure; spoliation, confiscation
بورتغالburtugāl Portugal
مَباحmubāḥ permitted, allowed,
permissible; legal, lawful, licit, legitimate; بورصةbūrṣa pl. -āt stock exhange
open to everyone, permitted for all, free; بور فؤادPort Fuad (seaport in NE Egypt,
ownerless (1.1. Law); indifferent (said of opposite Port Said)
actions for which neither reward nor
punishment is to be expected, but which بورقbauraq borax
are permissible, pl. مَباحاتindifferent, بورمَاburma Burma
permissible actions, Isl. Law) 1
( بورىTurk. boru) būrī trumpet, bugle
( باخ )بوخbāḳa u to abate, subside, let up,
decrease; to die, go out (fire); to fade, بوروجىbiūjī pl. -īya trumpeter, bugler
bleach; to spoil, rot (e.g., meat) II to spoil 2
بورىbūrī (pl. بوارىbawārī) striped mullet
( هـs.th.) (Mugil cephalus; zool.)
بواخbuwāḳ evaporation, exhalation, 3
( بوريهFr.) būrēh purée
vapor, steam 1
بوزII to pout, sulk, look glum, sullen
تبويخtabwīḳ: تبويخ النكتةan-nukta the
بوزbūz pl. ابوازabwāz muzzle, snout
spoiling of the point of a story
تبويزةtabwīza sullen mien
□ بايخbāyiḳ spoiled, bad; vapid, insipid,
stale (also, e.g., of a joke) مَبوزmubawwaz sullen, glum
2
بوخارستbūḳārest Bucharest بوزbūz, بوزةbum ice cream
3
( بودرةFr. poudre) būdra powder بوزةbūza a beerlike beverage
بودقةbūdaqa pl. بوادقbawādiq2 crucible, 4
بازbāz pl. ابوازabwāz, بيزانbīzān falcon
melting pot 1
بوسbūs bus
بوذاbūdā Buddha 2
بوس(( باسbāsa u (baus) to kiss ( هs.o.)
بوذىbūdī Buddhistic; Buddhist بوسةbausa, būsa kiss
بوذيةbūdīya Buddhism ( بوستوIt. busto) bustū corset
( بار )بورbāra u (baur, بوارbawār) to perish; to بوستة,( بوسطةIt. posta) busṯa, busta post, mail
lie fallow, be uncultivated (land); to be
futile, unsuccessful, unprofitable, lead to البوسفورal-busfūr the Bosporus
nothing (work); to be unsalable, be dead ( باش )بوشbāša u (bauš) to be boisterous,
stock (merchandise)│( بارت البناتbint) the shout, roar (crowd) II do.
بوشbauš pl. اوباشaubāš (for )ابواشmob. ( بوكسكافEngl.) bokəkāf box calf
rabble 1
( بال )بولbāl u (baul) and V to make water,
1
بوصbūṣ (coll.; n. un. )ةreed urinate IV to be diuretic X to cause to
urinate
بوصةbūṣa pl. -āt inch
2 بولbaul pl. ابوالabwāl urine│ مَرض البول
بوصbūṣ pl. ابواصabwāṣ, linen or silk fabric
السكرىmaraḍ al-b. as-sukarī diabetes
( بوصلةIt. bussola) bōṣla compass
بولىbaulī uric, urinary, urinous│ المسالك
بوطةbūṯa crucible, melting pot البوليةthe urinary passages; الَمَراض البولية
بوظةbūẓa a beerlike beverage diseases of the kidney and urinary
1
bladder; ( تسمم بولىtasammum) uremia
بوعbū‘ metatarsal bone (anat.)│ لَ يعرف الكوع (med.)
مَن البوعh ثwouldn’t know his knee from
his elbow (proverbially, of a stupid بيلةbīla: O ( بيلة آحانيةāḥīnīya)
person) albuminuria; O ( بيلة دمَويةdamawīya)
2
hematuria (med.)
باعbā‘ pl. ابواعabwā‘ the span of the
outspread arms, fathom; in Eg. today = 4 بوالةbawwāla public lavatory
ḍirā‘ mi‘mārīya = 3 m│ طويل الباعmighty, مَبولةmabwala pl. مَباولmabāwil2 urinal;
powerful; capable, able; knowledgeable; a diuretic; -- mibwala chamber pot; toilet,
generous, liberal; قصير الباعpowerless, water closet
helpless, impotent, weak, incapable;
استبوالistibwāl: O استبوالist. ad-dam
niggardly, stingy; قصير الباعimpotence,
uremia (med.)
weakness; incapability ( عنof); بالباع والذراع
2
with might and main بالbāl state, condition; heart, mind; notice,
1 regard, attention│ ذو بالsignificant,
بوغII to surprise
notable, considerable, important, serious,
1
باغةbāga celluloid; tortoise shell grave; فراغ البالfarāg al-b. leisure; مَشغول
بوغادةbūgāda and بوغاضةbūgāḍa potash, lye البالanxious, uneasy, concerned, worried.;
طويل البالlong-suffering, patient; مَا باله...
بوغازbūgāz pl. بواغيزbawāgīiz2 strait(s); (with verb) why is it that he (it) ... ?
harbor│ بوغاز الدردنيلthe Dardanelles why ... ? مَا بالكhow about you? what do
( بوفيهFr. buffet) būfēh buffet; bar; sideboard you think? خل بالهḳalā bāluhū his mind is
at rest, he has no worries; خطر ببالهit
بوقII to blow the trumpet occurred to him, it came to his mind; اعطى
بوقbūq pl. -āt, ابواقabwāq trumpet, ( جعل( باله الى )ل،( )القىa‘ṯā, alqā, ja‘ala) to
bugle; fanfare; horn (of an automobile, of turn one’s mind to, give one’s attention to,
a gramophone); acoustic signaling device; pay attention to, take into account, be
megaphone; mouthpiece, spokesman; mindful of, bear in mind, heed s.th.; لم يلق
duplicity, treachery, betrayal│ بوق الصوت َ لقولى بالlam yulqi li-qaulī bālan he didn't
b. aṣ-ṣaut or بوق الراديوloudspeaker pay any attention to what I said; لَ يقل عنه
(radio); O ( بوق رحمىraḥimi) oviduct, َ( بالyaqillu) no less significant than this
Fallopian tube (anat.) 3
بولbūl postage stamp
بواقbawwāq trumpeter, bugler 4
بالbāl whale (zool.)
باقةbāqa bundle; bunch of flowers, 5
بالةlook up alphabetically
nosegay, bouquet
□ بولَدbūlād (= )فولَذsteel
بائقةbā’iqa pl. بوائقbawā’iq2 misfortune,
calamity بولصةsee بوليسة
بوقالbūqāl, بوقالةbūqala pl. بواقيلbawāqīl2 بولَقbūlāq2 a district of Cairo
vessel without handles, mug بولندةbōlanda Poland
بوكسفوردboksəford patrol wagon, paddy بولندىbōlandī Polish; (pl. -ūn) Pole
wagon, Black Maria
1
بولوbōlō polo بيبbīb pipe, tube; feed pipe, spout (of a
reservoir or tank)
( بولونياIt. Polonia) būlūniya Poland
2
بيبةbība (Western) smoking pipe
بولونيbūlūnī Polish; Pole
1 ( بات )بيتbāta i ( مَبيتmabīt) to pass or spend
( بوليسFr. police) būlīs police│ بوليس الدابvice
the night; to stay overnight; to become; to
squad; ( البوليس الجنائىjinā’ī) criminal
be ( فىin a situation); with foll. imperf.: to
police; ( البوليس الحربىḥarbī) military
get into a situation. Get to the point
police; ( البوليس السرىsirrī) secret police;
where; to continue to do s.th., go on or
بوليس المرورtraffic police
keep doing s.th., stick to s.th. II to brood
رواية بوليسيةriwāya būlīsīya detective (by night; هـabout s.th.); to contrive, hatch
story ( هـan evil plan, لagainst s.o.), plot (ل
2
بوليسةand ( بوليصةFr. police) būlīsā, būlīṣa pl. against s.o.); to put up for the night (ه
بوالصbawāliṣ2, بوالسbawālis2 certificate s.o.)│( بيت فى الصفṣaff; eg.) to flunk, fail
of insurance, policy│ بوليسة الشحنb. aš- promotion (pupil) IV to put up for the
šaḥn bill of lading night ( هs.o.)
جريدةjarīda pl. جرائدjarā’id2 (n. un. of جرشjaraša u (jarš) to crush ( هـs.th.); to grate,
)جريدpalm-leaf stalk; list, register, roster, bruise, grind ( هـs.th.)
index; newspaper│( جريدة يومَيةyaumīya) جرشjarš a grating, scraping noise
daily newspaper; جرائد المساءj. al-masā’
جريشjarīš crushed, bruised, coarsely
the evening papers; الجريدة الناطقةand الجريدة
ground; crushed grain; grits
السينمائيةtho newsreel
جاروشةjārūša pl. جوارشjawarīš2 quern,
اجرودىajrūdī (syr.) beardless, hairless
hand mill (for grinding grain)
جرضjaraḍa a (jaraḍ): ( جرض بريقهbi-rīqihī) الىagainst s.o.), injure, harm, wrong (على
he choked on his saliva, could not or الىs.o.) II to incriminate, charge with a
swallow his saliva (because of excitement, crime ( هs.o.; syr.) IV to commit a crime, to
alarm, or grief), he was very upset, in a sin ( علىor الىagainst s.o.), do wrong (على
atate of great agitation, deeply moved; -- or الىto s.o.), harm, wrong ( علىor الىs.o.)
jaraḍa u (jarḍ) to choke, sulfocate ( هs.o.) VIII = IV
IV ( اجرضه بريقهcf. I) to alarm s.o., fill s.o. جرمgarm pl. جرومgurūm (eg.) long, flat-
with apprehension bottomed sarge, lighter (naut.)
جريضjarīḍ: حال الجريض دون القريضḥāla جرمjirm pl. اجرامajrām, جرمjurum body;
l.j. dūna l-qarīḍ (proverb; lit.: choking mass, sulk, volume (of a body)│ الَجرام
prevented poetry, i.e.) in the face of death ( الفلكيةfalakīya) the celestial bodies
one does not think of rhyming (among
other interpretations) جرمiunn pl. اجرامajrām, جرومjurūm
offense, crime, sin
جرعjara‘a a (jar‘) and jari‘a a (jara‘) to
swallow, gulp, devour ( هـs.th.); to pour لَ جرمlā jarama surely, certainly, of
down, toss down ( هـa drink) II to make (ه course
s.o.) swallow ( هـs.th.); to gulp down V to جريمjarīm hulking, bulky, huge,
drink ( هـs.th.) VIII to swallow, gulp down voluminous, of great size
( هـs.th.)
جريمةjarīma pl. جرائمjarā’im2 crime;
جرعةjur‘a, jar‘a pl. جرعjura‘, -āt gulp, offense; sin│( عظمىor) جريمة كبرى
mouthful, draught; potion, dose (med.) (kubrā, uẓma) capital offense; قانون الجرائم
جرفjarafa u (jarf) and VIII to sweep away (هـ penal code
s.th.); to wash away ( هـs.th.); to shovel اجرامijrām crime; culpability,
away ( هـs.th.); to remove ( هـs.th.); to tear delinquency
away, carry off ( هـs.th.); to carry along (هـ
or هs.o. or s.th.) VII to be swept away, be اجرامَىijrāmī criminal
carried away لحم مَجرومlaḥm majrūm fillet (meat)
جرفjurf, juruf pl. جروفjurūf, اجراف سنة مَجرمَةsana mujarrama an entire year
ajrāf undercut bank or shore; clilf, steep
slope, precipice; bluff (along a river or مَجرمmujrim criminal; (pl. -ūn) a
coast)│ ( جرف جليديjalīdī) avalanche criminal; evildoer, culprit, delinquent│مَجر
م عائدrecidivous criminal
جرافةjarrāfa pl. -āt, جراريفjarārīf 2
rake; harrow جرامَزjarāmiz2 and جرامَيزjarāmīz2
limbs, legs│ ( ضم جرامَيزهḍamma) he beat
مَجرفmajraf pl. مَجارفmajārif2 it, he made off
torrent, .trong current
الجرمَانal-jarmān the Germanic tribes, the
مَجرفةmijrafa shovel, scoop; (syr.) Teutons
mattock; trowel
جرمَانىjarmānī Germanic, Teutonic
مَجرافmijrāf pl. مَجارفmajārīf2 shovel, 1
scoop جرنjurn pl. اجرانajrān (stone) basin; mortar;
(eg.) threshing floor, barn│ جرن المعموديةj.
جارفjārif torrential (stream, mountain al-ma‘mūdīya baptismal font
creek); stormy, violent (emotions, 2
passions) 120 جرانjirān the front part of a camel’s neck│
ضرب بجرانهto become established, take
الجركسal-jarkas the Circassians root; ( القى عليه جرانهalqā, jirānahū) to
جركسىjarkasī pl. جراكسةjarākisa apply o.s. to s.th. and adjust to it,
circassian (adj. and n.) accustom o.s. to s.th.
جرمjarama i (jarm) to sone ( الحمal-laḥma the جرنالjurnāl (eg. also gurnāl) pl. جرانيلžarānīl2
meat); -- to commit an offense, a crime, an (eg., garānīl2) journal, newspaper,
outrage ( علىor الىagainst s.o.), sin ( علىor periodical
جرانيتgranīt granite motion ( هـa project), launch ( هـan
undertaking); to channel ( علىor ل هـs.th.
جرانيتىgrānītī granitic
to), bestow, settle ( علىor ل هـs.th. upon
جروjarw (jirw, jurw) pl. اجرajrin, جراءjirā’, اج s.o.); to impose, inflict ( على هـs.th., a
راءajrā’, اجريةajriya puppy, whelp, cub penalty, on s.o.)│ ( اجرى تجربةtajribatan)
(of a dog or beast of prey) to carry out an experiment; اجرى تحقيقاto
جروسةgrōsa gross (= 12 dozen) conduct an investigation; اجرى له اعانة
(i‘ānatan) to grant s.o. a subsidy; اجراه
جرىjarā i (jary) to flow, stream (water); to ( مَجرىmajrā, with foll. genitive) to treat
run; to hurry, rush; to slow (wind); to take s.th. in the same manner as, put s.th. on
place, come to pass, happen, occur; to be equal footing with
under way, be in progress, be going on
(work); to befall ( لs.o.), happen ( لto); to جرىjary course│ جريا علىjaryan ‘alā in
be in circulation, circulate, be current; to accordance with, according to
wend one’s way ( الىto), head ( علىfor); to جراكmin jarāka and min jarā’ika
proceed ( علىin accordance with); to because of you, on your account, for your
follow ( مَعs.th.), yield, give way ( مَعto, sake
e.g., to a desire); to entail ( بs.th.); (with
جراءjarrā’ runner, racer
)وراءto run or be after s.th., seek to get
s.th.│ جرى له حديث مَعhe had a talk with; جرايةjirāya pl. -āt daily (food) rations;
( جرى مَجراهmajrāhū) to take the same pay, salary│‘ عيش جرايةēš girāya (eg.)
course as, be analogous to, follow the coarse bread
same way as, proceed or act in the same جريانjarayāan flow, flux; course;
manner as; ( جرى مَنه الشيء مَجرى الدمminhu stream
š-šai’u majrā d-dam) it had become
second nature to him; جرى على الالسن مَجرىmajra.. pl. مَجارmajārin
(alsun) to circulate, make the rounds watercourse, stream, rivulet, gully; torrent
(rumor); 121 جرى على كل لسانto be on or flood of water; pipeline; canal, channel;
everyone’s lip; ( جرى على قلمهqalamihī) to drain, sewer, pl. sewers, sewage system;
come to s.o.’s pen (e.g, a poem); جرى على power line (el.); current (el.); current (of a
( خطةḳiṯṯa) to follow a plan; مَا يجرى عليه stream); guide rail (tech.); course (of
‘( العملamalu) the way things are handled, events), progress, passage│ مَجرى البولm.
what is customary practice; جرى به العملto l-baul urethra (anat.); مَجارى التنفسm. t-
be in force, be valid, be commonly tanaffus respiratory tract (anat.); مَجرى
observed (law, custom); جرت العادة بto be الهواءm. l-hawā’ air stream, current of air,
customary, be common practice, be a draft; اخذ مَجراهto take its course; See also
common phenomenon, have gained جرىI and IV
vogue; جرى بالعادة علىto do s.th. مَاجرياتmājarayāt, mājariyāt (pl. of مَا
customarily, se in the habit of doing s.th.; ( )جرىcourse of) events, happenings
جرت بذلك عادتهمthat was their habit II to
cause to run│( جرى ريقهrīqahū) to make مَجاراةmujārāh keeping up (with foll.
s.o.’s mouth water III to concur, agree, be genitive: with); conformity (with foll.
in agreement ( هwith s.o., فىin s.th.); to genitive: with)│ مَجاراة لmujārātan li in
keep pace, keep up ( هwith s.o.; also conformity with, in accordance with,
intellectually); to be able to follow ( هs.o.); according to
to go (along) ( هـwith); to adapt o.s. adjust, اجراءijrā’ pl. -āt performance (of an
conform ( هـto), be guided ( هـby) IV to action); execution; enforcement; pl.
cause to flow, make flow ( هـs.th.); to measures, steps, proceedings│ اتخذ اجراءات
cause to run, set running ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); (ittaḳada) to take measures; اجراءات قانونية
to make ( هـs.th.) take place or happen, (qānūnīya) legal step, proceedings at law
bring about ( هـs.th.); to carry out, execute,
enforce, put into effect, apply ( هـs.th., جارjārin flowing, streaming, running;
e.g., rules, regulations); to carry out, circulating; current, present│ الشهر الجارى
perform ( هـan action); to Set going, set in (šahr) the current month
جاريةjāriya pl. –āt, جوارjawārin girl; جزرjazara u (jazr) to slaughter; to kill,
slave girl; maid, servant; ship, vessel butcher ( هـan animal); -- i u (jazr) to sink,
fall, drop, ebb (water)
جزjazza u (jazz) to cut off, clip ( هـs.th.); to
shear, shear off ( هـs.th.; esp. the wool of جزرjazr slaughter; butchering; ebb (of
sheep) the sea)
جزةjizza pl. جززjizaz, جزائزjazā’iz2 جزرةjazra blood sacrifice
shorn wool, fleece, slip جزورjazūr pl. جزرjuzur slaughter camel
جزازةjuzāza pl. -āt slip of paper; label, جزارjazzār pl. ة, -ūn butcher
tag
جزيرةjazīra pl. جزائرjazā’ir2, جزرjuzur
جزازjazzāz pl. –ūn shearer, woolshearer island│ شبه جزيرةšibhu j. peninsula; الجزيرة
مَجزmijazz woolshears 122 Al Jazira, (Northwest) Mesopotemia; الجزائ
رAlgeria; Algiers; جزيرة العربj. al-‘arab
جزأjaza’a a and VIII to be content, content
Arabia, the Arabian Peninsula; الجزائر
o.s. ( بwith) II to divide, part, separate,
( الخالداتḳālidāt) the Canary Islands; الجزيرة
break up, cut up, partition ( هـs.th.) V to
( الخضراءḳaḍrā’) Algeciras (seaport in SW
divide, break up, be or become divided; to
Spain)
be separated, be detached, be partitioned
off; to be divisible, separable ( عنfrom) جزرىjazarī insular; (pl. -ūn) islander
جزءjuz’ pl. اجزاءajzā’ part, portion; جزائرىjazā’rī pl. -ūn Algerian (adj. and
constituent, component; fraction; division; n.); islander
section; the 30th part of the Koran (= 2 مَجزرmajzar pl. مَجازرmajāzir2
ḥizb) slaughterhouse, abattoir; butchery
جزئىjuz’ī partial; minor, trivial, مَجزرةmajzara pl. مَجازرmajāzir2
insignificant, unimportant; (jur.) minor, butchery; massacre, carnage
petty; جزئياjuz’īyan partly; جزئياتjuz’īyāt
2
details, particulars; trivialities; subordinate جزرjazar (coll.; n. un. )ةcarrot(s)
partly; divisions, sections (e.g., of a court جزعjazi‘a a (jaza‘, جزعjuzū‘) to be or become
of justice)│ ( مَواد جزئيةmawādd) petty anxious, worried, concerned; to be sad,
cases (jur.); ( جنح جزئيةjunaḥ) summary unhappy ( مَنabout); to feel regret ( علىfor
delicts (jur.); مَحاكم جزئيةcourts of s.o.), pity ( علىs.o.); to mourn (j. for s.o.)
summary justice; ( نيابة جزئيةniyāba) V to break apart, break, snap
parquet of a summary court; حادثة جزئية
minor incident; ( تسوية جزئيةtaswiya) part جزعjaz‘ onyx
payment; ( الجزئيات والكلياتkullīyāt) the جزعjuz’ axle; shaft (techn.)
particular and general aspects, the minor
and the major issues جزعjaza‘ anxiety, uneasiness,
apprehension, concern; anguish, fear;
جزيءjuzai’ pl. -āt molecule sadness
اجزائىajzā’ī pl. -ūn pharmacist, druggist جزعjazi‘ restless, impatient; anxious,
اجزاجىajzājī pl. -īya pharmacist, worried, uneasy, apprehensive
druggist جزعjazū‘ and جازعjāzi‘ restless;
اجزائيةajzā’īya and اجزاخانةajzāḳāna pl. impatient; anxious, worried, uneasy,
-āt pharmacy, drugstore apprehensive
تجزئةtajzi’a division; partition; مَجزعmujazza‘ marbled, veined;
separation; dissociation; breakdown (into variegated, dappled 123
classes, categories, etc.); fragmentation│ جزفIII to act at random, blindly,
قابل للتجزئةdivisisle; قابلية التجزئةdivisibility; Indiscriminately, take a chance; to
تاجر التجزئةretailer, retail merchant speculate (fin.); to speak vaguely, in
جزدانjuzdān, jidān pl. -āt wallet; change purse general terms; to risk, stake ( بs.th.)│ جاز
ف بنفسهto risk one’s life; جازف به فىto (pl. جوازمjawāzim2) governing the
plunge s.o. into (some adventure) apocopate form (gram.)
جزافjuzāf purchase of a certain amount مَجزومmajzūm cut off. cut short, clipped;
of things (Isl. Law); جزافاjuzāfan at decided. settled; (gram.) vowelless (final
random, haphazardly consonant); in the apocopate form
مَجازفةmujāzafa rashness, recklessness, مَنجزمmunjazim (gram.) in the apocopate
foolhardiness; risk, hazard; adventure, form
venture 2
جزمَةjazma pl. –āt, جزمjizam (pair of) shoes
مَجازفmujāzif rash, reckless, foolhardy; (pair of) boots│ ( جزمَة برباطbi-ribāṯ) laced
adventurous; venturesome soots; ( جزمَة لماعةlammā‘a) patent-leather
2 shoes
جزلjazūla u to be considerable, abundant,
plentiful IV ‘( اجزل له العطاءaṯā’) to give جزمَجىgazmagī (eg.) and جزمَاتى
generously, openhandedly, liberally to s.o. gizamātī (eg.), jazmātī (syr.) pl. -īya
VIII to write shorthand shoemaker
جزلjazl and جزيلjazīl pl. جزالjizāl جزىjazā i ( جزاءiazii') to requite, recompense (
abundant, plentiful, ample, much; pure, هs.o., بor علىfor), repay ( هto s.o., بor
lucid, eloquent (style)│ جزل الرأيof علىs.th.); to reward ( هs.o., بor علىfor);
sound, unerring judgment; شكره شكرا جزيلا to punish ( هs.o., بor علىfor); to satisfy (ه
šakarahū šukran jazīlan he thanked him s.o.), give satisfaction ( هto s.o.); to
profusely; شكرا جزيلmany thanks! compensate, make up ( ب هـfor s.th. with
or by); to compensate, offset ( عنs.th.)│
جزلjizla piece, slice
( جزاك ا خيراḳairan) may God bless you
جزالةjazāla profusion, abundance; for it!; ( جزاه جزاء سنمارjazā’a sinimmāra)
(rhet.) purity (of style) he returned to him good for evil III to
مَجتزلmujtazil stenographer repay, requite ( ب هـs.th. with, ب هs.o. for),
1
recompense ( ب هs.o. for); to reward (على
جوزلlook up alphabetically or ب هs.o. for); to punish ( علىor ب هs.o.
2
جزلَنjuzlān = جزدان for)│ ( جزاهم خيراḳairan) he invoked God’s
1
reward upon them IV to suffice ( هs.o.), do
جزمjawma i (jazm) to cut off, cut short, clip ( for s.o. ( ;)هto take the place, serve instead
هـs.th.); to judge; to decide. Settle (هـ ( عنof), replace ( عنs.th.)
s.th.); to be positive ( بabout), be
absolutely certain ( بof s.th.); to assert جزاءjazā’ requital, repayment;
authoritatively ( بs.th.); to make up one's recompense, return; compensation, setoff;
mind, decide, resolve ( علىto do s.th.); to 124 amends, reparation; punishment,
impose, make incumbent ( على هـs.th. on penalty│ ( جزاء نقديnaqdī) fine
s.o.); (gram.) to pronounce the final جزائىjazā’ī penal
consonant (of a word) without a vowel; to
put ( هـa verb) into the apocopate form or جزيةjizya pl. جزىjizan, جزاءjizā’ tax;
the imperative tribute; head tax on free non-Muslims
under Muslim rule
جزمjazm cutting off, clipping; decision;
resolution, resolve; apodictic judgment; تجزيةtajziya reward
(gram.) apocopate form│ علمَة الجزم مَجازاةmujāzāh requital, repayment;
‘alāmat al-j. = jazma punishment
جزمَةjazma diacritical mark (o) جسjassa u (jass, مَجسةmajassa) to touch, feel,
indicating vowellessness of a final handle ( هـs.th.); to palpate, examine by
consonant touch ( هـs.th.); to test, sound, probe (هـ
جازمjāzim decisive; peremptory, s.th.); to try to gain information ( هـabout),
definite, definitive, final; firmly try to find out ( هـs.th.); to spy out (هـ
convinced, absolutely certain ( بof s.th.); s.th.)│ ( جس نبضهnabḍahū) to feel s.o.’s
pulse, (fig.) جس نبض الشيءto probe, sound
out, try to find out s.th. V to try to gain s.th.) VI to dare, venture, risk ( علىs.th.),
information ( هـabout), try to find out (هـ have the audacity ( علىto do s.th.); to be
s.th.); to reconnoiter, scout, explore (هـ sold, forward, insolent, impudent (على
s.th.); to be a spy, engage in espionage; to with s.o.) VIII to span, cross, traverse (هـ
spy, pry, snoop ( علىon s.o.)│ تجسس له s.th.)
( اخباراaḳbāran) to gather information for جسرjisr pl. اجسرajsur, جسورjusūr
s.o., spy for s.o. VIII to touch, feel, handle bridge; dam, dike, embankment, levee; --
( هـs.th.); to spy out ( هـs.th.) (pl. جسورةjusūra) beam, girder; axle,
جسjass: طرى الجسṯarīy al-j. delicate to axletree│ ( جسر مَتحركmuḥarrik) movable
the touch, having a tender surface, fresh bridge; ( جسر مَعلقmu‘allaq) suspension
bridge; جسر عائمpontoon bridge, floating
جاسوسjāsūs pl. جواسيسjawāsīs2 spy
bridge
جاسوسةjāsūsa woman spy
جسورjasār sold, daring; forward,
جاسوسىjāsūsī of espionage, spy- (in insolent, impudent
compounds)
جسارةjasāra boldness, recklessness,
جاسوسيةjāsūsīya spying, espionage intrepidity; forwardness, insolence
جوسسةjausasa spying, espionage تجاسرtajāsur boldness, recklessness,
مَجسmajass spot which one touches or intrepidity; forwardness, insolence
feels; sense of touch│ خشن المجسḳašin al- مَتجاسرmutajāsir bold, daring; forward,
m. coarse to the touch, having a rough insolent, impudent 125
surface
جسطنsee جصطن
مَجسmijass probe (med.)
جسمjasuma u ( جسامَةjasāma) to be great. Big,
تجسسtajassus spying, espionage large. bulky. huge. immense II to make
جاسئjāsi’ hard, rough, rugged corporeal. invest with a body ( هـs.th.),
give ( هـs.th.) shape or form; to materialize
جسدII to make corporeal, invest with a body, ( هـs.th.); to cause to stand out. bring out (
embody, incarnate ( هـs.th.), give concrete هـs.th.); to enlarge, magnify ( هـs.th.; e.g.,
form ( هـto s.th.); to render or represent in microscope); to make big, bulky, huge (هـ
corporeal form ( هـs.th.) V to become s.th.); to play up, exaggerate ( هـs.th.) V to
corporeal, assume concrete form, become corporeal, become embodied; to
materialize; to become incarnate (Chr.); to materialize; to assume a form, take shape,
become three-dimensional become tangible or concrete; to be
جسدjasad pl. اجسادajsād body│ عيد الجسد materialized; to become big, large, huge,
‘īd al-j. and خميس الجسدCorpus Christi Day increase in volume, grow in size
(Chr.) جسمpl. اجسامajsām, جسومjusūm body
جسدىjasadī bodily, fleshly, carnal (also O of an automobile); substance,
matter; mass; form, shape
جسدانىjusdānī bodily
جسمىiiaa1 bodily, physical; substantial,
تجسدtaia.snul materialization; incar· material
nation (OM.) جسيمjasīm pl. جسامgreat, big, large;
مَجسدmujassad embodied, corporified voluminous, bulky, huge; vast, immense;
stout, corpulent; weighty, most significant,
مَتجسدmutajassid corporeal; incarnate
momentous, prodigious
(Chr)
جسيمjusaim pl. -āt particle (phys.);
جسرjasara u to span, cross, traverse ( هـs.th.);
corpuscle (biol.)
( جسارةjasāra, جسورjusūr) to venture, risk
( علىs.th.), have the courage ( علىto do اجسمajsam2 more voluminous, larger;
s.th.) II to build a dam or dike; to stouter, more corpulent
embolden, encourage ( هـs.o., علىto do
جسمjasāma size, volume; stoutness, جصطنII tajaṣṯana to lounge, stretch lazily, loll
corpulence جعةji‘a beer
جسمانjusmān body, mass جعبII to corrugate ( هـs.th.)
جسمانىjusmānī bodily, physical. جعبةja‘ba pl. جعابji‘āb quiver; tube, pipe; gun
Corporal│ التأديب الجسمانىcorporal barrel; o cartridge pouch (Syr.)│ جعبة اخبار
punishment j. aḳbār town gossip (person) 126
تجسيمtajsīm embodiment; relief; جعجعja‘ja‘a ( جعجعja‘ja‘a) to clamor, roar,
enlargement, magnification, magnifying shout; to clatter, clap; to bluster, explode
power in anger
جسمmujassam bodily, corporeal; (math.) جعجعةja‘ja‘a hubbub, rumpus, clamor,
body; three-dimensional; tangible, roar; creak, clapping noise (of a mill
material, concrete; raised, relieflike, wheel); bluster
standing out in relief (e.g., خريطة مَجسمة
relief map); relief; enlarged. Magnified│ جعجاعja‘jā‘ clamorous, boisterous,
( فلم مَجسمfilm) three-dimensional noisy; bawler, loud-mouthed person
(stereoscopic) film, 3-D motion picture جعدja‘uda a ( جعودةju‘ūda, جعادةja‘āda) and V
2
جسمانيةjasmānīya Gethseman to become curly, frizzed, kinky, curl
(hair); to be wavy; to be creased; to be
( جسا )جسوjasā u to become hard, solid wrinkled II to curl, frizz ( هـs.th.; the hair);
جشjašša u (jašš) to grind, crush, bruise, grate to wave ( هـs.th.; the hair); to crease, pleat,
( هـs.th.) plait ( هـcloth); to wrinkle ( هـthe skin)
جشjušša hoarseness, huskiness, raucity جعدja‘d (or جعد اليدj. al-yad, جعد الكفj.
(of the voice) al-kaff) stingy, niggardly, tightfisted
جشيشjašīš ground, grated, crushed جعدةja‘da curl, lock, ringlet
اجشajašš2, f. جشاءjaššā’2 hoarse, جعدىja‘dī and اجعدaj‘ad2 curly
husky, raucous (voice) جعيدىgə‘īdī (eg.) bum, loafer, good-for-
جشأII and V to belch, burp nothing
جشاءjušā’ and جشأةjaš’a belch(ing), تجاعيدtajā‘īd2 wrinkles, lines (of the
burp(ing) face)
جشارjušār livestock تجعداتtaja‘‘udāt wrinkles
جشعjaši‘a a (jaša‘) and V to be covetous, مَجعدmuja‘‘ad curled, frizzed; wavy;
greedy furrowed, creased; wrinkled
جشعjaša‘ greed, avidity, inordinate مَتجعدmutaja‘‘id curled, frizzed; wavy;
desire furrowed, creased; wrinkled
جشعjaši‘ greedy, covetous جعدنةja‘dana idle talk, gossip (leb.)
جشمjašāma a (jašm, جشامَةjašāma) to take جعرja‘ara a (ja‘r) to drop its manure (animal)
upon o.s. ( هـsome hardship) II to make (ه ابو جعرانabū ji‘rān2 scarabaeus; dung
s.o.) suffer or undergo ( هـs.th.); to impose beetle
( هـ هon s.o. s.th. difficult), burden ( هـ هs.o.
with s.th.) V to take upon o.s., suffer, جعفرja‘far little river, creek
undergo ( هـs.th., e.g., hardships) جعلja‘ala a (ja‘l) to make ( هـs.th.); to put,
( جشنىeg., cf. ششنىšišnī) sample, specimen; place, lay ( هـs.th.); to create ( هـs.th.); to
sampling effect, bring about ( هـs.th.); to make (هـ هـ
s.th. a rule, a principle, or the like, ه هs.o.,
جصII to plaster, whitewash ( هـs.th.) e.g., leader, king, etc.), appoint ( ه هs.o. to
جصjiṣṣ gypsum; plaster of Paris an office, rank, or the like); to fix, set (هـ هـ
a sum, a price, at); to think, deem, believe
( ب هor ه هs.o. to be …, هـ هـs.th. to be ...), جفتjift, ﭽفتčift (pronounced šift; eg.) pincers,
take ( ب هor ه هs.o. for, هـ هـs.th. for); to tweezers; metal clamp│ جفت شريانj.
represent ( هـs.th., فى صورةas, or in the šaryān arterial clamps
form of, s.th. else); to appoint, settle (ل هـ ( ﭽفتشىpronounced šiftišī; eg.) filigree
s.th. for s.o., in s.o.’s favor); to give, grant,
concede ( ل هـs.th., an advantage, to s.o.), جفتلكjiftlik farm, country estate; government
put s.o. ( )لin the way of s.th. ( ;)هـto land (Pal.)
attribute ( هـ لto s.o. s.th.), maintain that جفرjafr, ‘ علم الجفرilm al-j. divination,
s.th. ( )هـbelong. to s.o. ( ;)لto entrust ( الى fortunetelling
هـs.th. to s.o.); to put, get ( هs.o., هـs.th.,
into a specific state or condition); (with جفرةjufra pl. جفرjufar pit, hole
foll. imperf.) to begin to, set out to│ جعله جفلjafala i u (jafl, جفولjufūl) and IV to start,
يفعلto induce s.o. to do; to make s.o. do jump with fright; to shy (horse) II to start,
s.th. (in a narrative); ( جعله بمننزلةbi- rouse ( هـs.th., .s.o.); to scare away ( هs.o.)
manzilati) to place s.o. on equal footing
with; ( جعله فى مَتناول يدهfī mutanāwali جفلjafl and جفولjufūl fright, alarm;
yadihī) to bring or put s.th. within s.o.’s shying
reach III to seek to bribe, try to win (ب ه ( ﭽفلكpronounced šiflik; eg.) = جفتلك
s.o. with s.th.)
جفنpl. جفونjufūn, اجفانajfān eyelid
جعلju‘l pl. اجعالaj‘āl pay, wages; piece
جفنةjafna pl. جفانjifān, جفناتjafanāt
wages; reward, prize
bowl; grapsvine
جعلىju‘līi: ( اتفاق جعلىittifāq) piece-work
( جفا )جفوjafā u (jafw, جفاءjafā’) to be rough,
contract
coarse; to treat ( هs.o.) roughly, harshly; to
جعلju‘al pl. جعلانji‘lān dung beetle; turn away (. from), shun, avoid, flee (ه
scarabaeus s.o.) III to treat ( هs.o.) roughly, rudely,
جعالةji‘āla, ja‘āla, ju‘āla pl. جعائلja‘āil2 harshly; to be cruel ( هto s.o.); to be cross (
pay, wages; allowance; reward, prize: هwith s.o.); to elude, flee ( هs.o.; slumber);
bribe to offend ( هـagainst good taste, one’s
sense of honor, or the like) VI to withdraw
جغرافياjugrāfiyā and جغرافيةjugrāfīya ( عنfrom), shun, avoid ( هs.o.); to loathe (
geography│( جغرافية طبيعيةṯabī‘īya) عنs.o., s.th.), have an aversion ( عنto); to
physical geography display rude manners, act the ruffian
جغرافيjugrāfī geographical; geographer جفوjafw roughness, harshness
st
جفjaffa (1 pers. perf. jafaftu) i ( جفافjafāf, جف جفوةjafwa roughness; estrangement,
وفjufūf) to dry, become dry; to dry out II alienation; disagreement, dissension,
to dry, make dry ( هـs.th.) quarrel
جفافjafāf dryness; desiccation; drying جفاءjafā’ roughness; harshness;
up; dullness sternness; antipathy, aversion, distaste,
تجفافtajfāf pl. تجافيفtajāfīf2 protective loathing; estrangement, alienation
armor اجفىajfā refraining even more ( لfrom),
تجفيفtajfīf drying; desiccation; more averse ( لto s.th.)
dehydration; drainage 127 جافjāfin pl. جفاةjufāh harsh, rough,
جافjāff dry│ ( قلم حبر جافqalam ḥibr) coarse; brutish, uncouth, rude
ball-point pen جاكتةlook up alphabetically
مَجففmujaffaf dried, desiccated, جكرIII (syr.) to tease ( هs.o.)
dehydrated; مَجففاتdehydrated foods 1
جلjalla i ( جللjalāl) to be great, lofty,
جفاءjufā’ useless, vain, futile│ ذهب جفاء exalted, illustrious, sublime; to be too
dahaba jufā’an to be in vain, be of no great ( عنfor), be beyond s.th. ()عن, be far
avail, pass uselessly
above s.th. (‘(جل عن الحصر │)عنan il-ḥaṣr) تجلةtajilla and اجللijlāl honor,
to be innumerable II to honor, dignify, distinction; esteem, deference, respect;
exalt ( هs.o.); to cover ( هـs.th., esp. the reverence
ground, as snow, plants, etc.); to envelop, 2
جلjull rose
wrap, drape, clothe; to border, edge (هـ
s.th., بwith) IV to honor, dignify, revere, جلابjulāb, jullāb rose water; julep
venerate, esteem highly, exalt ( هs.o.); to ( جلتينFr. gélatine) želātīn jelly
deem too high, too exalted ( عنfor s.th.),
consider far beyond s.th. ( )عنVI to deem ( جلسيةFr. glacé) glasēh (eg.) kid leather
o.s. far above s.th. ( )عنX to be great, 1
جلبjalaba i u (jalb) to attract ( هـs.th.); to
exalted, sublime fetch, get, bring ( هـs.th., لto s.o.); to
جلgreat, outstanding; bulky import ( هـgoods); to bring about ( هـa
state, condition); to bring ( هـharm, shame,
جلjull major portion, bulk, majority, etc., علىupon s.o.); to gain, win, obtain (هـ
main part│ جلهjulluhū most of it; جل الَمَةj. s.th.); to earn ( هـs.th.); ( جلوبjulūb) to scar
al-umma the majority of the people; جل مَا over, heal (wound) II to shout, clamor; to
فيهits main contents; ( وجل مَا يقال انهjullu) be noisy, boisterous IV to earn, gain,
that much, at least, can be said that ... acquire ( هـs.th.); = II; VII pass. of I VIII
جللjalal important, significant, to procure, bring, fetch, get ( هـs.th.); to
momentous, weighty draw ( هـon s.th.); to import ( هـgoods) X
to import ( هـgoods); to fetch, summon,
جلىjullā pl. جللjulal matter of great call in ( هs.o.); to attract, draw ( ه, هـs.o.,
importance, momentous undertaking, s.th.); to seek to attract or win ( ه, هـs.o.,
great feat, exploit s.th.); to get, procure ( هـs.th.)
جلةjulla, jilla droppings, dung (of جلبjalb bringing, fetching;
animals); julla pl. جللjulal (cannon) ban; procurement; acquisition; importation,
bomb 128 import; causation, bringing on, bringing
جلةjulla attire, clothing│ الجلة الجبروتية about
(( )الكهنوتيةḥabrawīya, kahnūtīya) جلبjalab imported; foreign
Episcopal (sacerdotal) vestments (Chr.)
جلبjalab and جلبةjalaba clamor; uproar,
جليلjalīl pl. اجلاءajillā’2, اجلةajilla, جلائل tumult, turmoil
jalā’il2 great, important, significant,
weighty, momentous; lofty, exalted, جلبةjulba scar
sublime; revered, honorable, venerable; جليبjalīb imported, foreign; (pl. جلبى
glorious, splendid jalbā, جلباءjulabā’2) foreign slave
جلالjalāl loftiness, sublimity, جلابjallāb attractive, captivating;
augustness; splendor, glory importer, trader; see also alphabetically│
جلالةjalāla loftiness, sublimity, جلب العبيدslave trader
augustness; majeoty│ صاحب )صاحبة( الجللة جلابيةgallābīya (eg.) pl. -at, جلاليب
His (Her) Majesty, جللة الملكj. al-malik galālīb2 galabia, a loose, shirtlike garment,
His Majesty, the King the common dreao of the male population
اجلajall2 greater; more sublime; more in Egypt
splendid جلبابbelow under جلبب
مَجلةmajalla pl. -āt periodical; review, جلبajlab2 more attractive, more
magazine│ ( مَجلة اسبوعيةusbū‘īya) weekly captivating
magazine; ( مَجلة شهريةšahrīya) monthly
publication; ( مَجلة خاصة بḳāṣṣa) مَجلبةmajlaba pl. مَجالبmajālib2
professional journal for a. ; مَجلة الَحكام causative factor, motive, reason, cause,
lawbook, code; مَجلة القوانينdo. occasion
استجلابistijlāb procurement, acquisition; جلدةjilda skin, hide; piece of leather;
importation, import; supply; attraction│ race│ ابن جلدتناibn jildatinā our
استجلاب السائحينpromotion of tourist traffic countryman, our fellow tribesman, pl. بنو
جلدتناbanū j.
جالبjālib causative factor, motive,
reason, cause, occasion جلدىjildī dermal, cutaneous, skin
2 (adj.)│ امَراض جلديةskin diseases
جلابjulāb, jullāb rose water; julep
3 جليدةjulaida pl. -āt membrane, pellicle;
جلباjalabā jalap (bot.)
O film (phot.)
جلببII tajalbaba to clothe o.s. ( بwith), be
جلدjalad enduranos; suffering; patience;
clothed, be clad ( بin a garment, also fig.)
firmament
جلبابjilbāb pl. جلابيبjalābīb2 garment,
جلدةjalda lash, stroke with a whip
dress, gown; woman's dress
جليدjalīd pl. جلداءjuladā’2 staunch,
جلبانjulubbān chickling vetch, grass pea
steadfast; strong, sturdy
(Lathyrus sativua)
1 جليدjalīd ice│ جبل جليدjabal j. iceberg;
جلجلjaljala to reverberate; to resound, ring
( قطعة مَن الجليدqiṯ‘a) ice floe
out; to rattle; to shake ( هـs.th.)
جليدىjalīdī icy, ice-covered, glacial, ice
جلجلjuljul pl. جلاجلjalājil2 (little) bell,
(adj.); snow-covered│ ‘( العصر الجليدىaṣr)
sleigh bell; cowbell; jingle
the Ice Age
جلجلةjaljala sound of a bell; loud, shrill
جلودjalūd long-suffering, patient
sound
جلادjallād pl. -ūn leather merchant;
مَجلجلmujaljil shrill, piercing; ringing,
executioner, hangman
resounding, reverberant
2 جلادةjalāda and جلودةjulūda endurance,
جلجلةjuljula, جبل الجلجلةjabal al-j. Golgotha
patience
3
جلجلانjuljulān, jiljilān sesame
مَجلدةmijlada whip, lash, scourge
جلحjaliḥa a (jalaḥ) to be or become bald
تجليدtajlīd freezing; bookbinding
اجلحajlaḥ2, f. جلحاءjalḥā’2, pl. جلحjulḥ
جلادjilād fight, battle (against)
bald-headed, bald
تجلدtajallud endurance, patience
جلخjalaḳa a and II to sharpen ( هـs.th.); to
whet, hone ( هـa knife), strop ( هـa razor); مَجلدmujallid: مَجلد الكتبm. al-kutub
to stretch, extend, roll out ( هـmetal) bookbinder
جلخjalḳ grindstone, whetetone, hone مَجلدmujallad frozen, icy, ice-covered;
bound (book); (pl. -āt) volume (book)
جلدjalada i (jald) to whip, flog, lash ( هs.o.); --
jalida a to be frozen, freeze; -- jaluda u to مَجالدmujālid pl. -ūn gladiator
be tough, hardy, undismayed, steadfast, مَتجلدmutajallid patient
patient II to bind ( هـa book); (to cause) to
freeze ( هـs.th.) III to fight ( هs.o.) IV to جلمزjillauz (coll.; n. un. )ةhazelnut; hazel
freeze; to be frozen, be covered with ice V جلسjalasa i ( جلوسjulūs) to sit down ( الىwith
to take heart; to show o.s. tough, hardy, s.o., at a tabl., etc., علىon a chair); to sit (
robust; to resign o.s. to patience; to bear, الىwith s.o., at a table, علىon a chair)│
suffer VI to engage in a sword fight ( جلس الى الرسامrassām) to sit for a painter
جلدjald flogging; -- (pl. اجلادajlād) III to sit ( هwith s.o., next to s.o., in s.o.’s
staunch, steadfast; strong, sturdy company); to keep s.o. ( )هcompany IV to
ask to sit down, make sit down, eeat (ه
جلدjild pl. جلودjulūd, اجلادajlād skin, s.o.)
hide; leather│ ( جلد سختيانsuḳtiyān)
morocco; ( جلد لماعlammā‘) patent leather جلسةjalsa pl. -āt seat (in an auditorium);
session (of parliament, of a committee,
130 of a court, etc.); party, gathering, (iqtiṣādī) economic council: مَجلس قومَى
meeting│‘ عقد جلسةaqada jasatan to (qaumī) national assembly; مَجلس قيادة الثورة
convene a session; ‘( جلسة عامَةāmma) m. qiyādat at-taura Supreme
plenary session Revolutionary Tribunal (Eg.): المجلس الكبير
and ( المجلس الَكبرakbar) the Grand Council
جلسةjilsa manner of sitting
(= le Grand Conseil; Tun.); مَجلس اللوردين
جليسpl. جلساءjulasā’2 participant in a the House of Lords: مَجلس النوابm. an-
social gathering; table companion: one nuwwāb lower house, chamber of
with whom one sits together; جليسهthe deputies; ( مَجلس نيابىniyābī) parliament;
man who was at the party with him مَجلس الجهةm. al-jiha approx.: provincial
جليسةjalīsa lady companion; fem. of council (= conseil de région; Tun.); مَجلس
جليس الوزراءm. al-wuzarā’ cabinet, council of
ministers
جلوسjulūs sitting: sitting down;
accession to the throne; pl. of جالسsitting مَجالسةmujālasa social intercourse
( جنطياناLat. Gentiana) gentian (eg.) ( جنيهEngl. guinea) ginēh, also gunaih pl. –āt
1
pound (eg.)│( جنيه انجليزي )استرلينيpound
جنفVI to deviate ( عنfrom); to incline, be sterling, English pound; جنيه مَصري
inclined ( الىor لto s.th.) Egyptian pound (abbreviation: )ج م
2
جنيفlook up alphabetically جهةsee وجه
جنفاصjunfāṣ, جنفيصjunfaiṣ sackcloth, sacking جهبذjahbad pl. جهابذةjahābida man endowed
جنكjunk pl. جنوكjunūk harp with a critical mind; great scholar; bright,
brilliant, intelligent
جنواjanowā Genoa (seaport in NW Italy)
جهدjahada a (jahd) to endeavor, strive, labor,
جنىjanā i (jany) to pick, gather, harvest, reap ( take pains, put o.s. out; to over-work,
هـs.th., also the fruits of one’s work); to overtax, fatigue, exhaust ( هs.o.) III to
pocket, rake in, collect ( هـs.th.); to derive endeavor, strive; to fight ( فى سبيل الشيءfor
( هـprofit, مَنfrom); to secure, realize (هـ s.th.); t.o wage holy war against the
profits, an advantage); to incur ( هـevil, infidels IV to strain, exert ( هـs.th.); to tire,
harm, punishment); to cause, 141 provoke, wear out, fatigue ( هs.o.), give trouble (ه
bring about ( هـs.th.); -- ( جنايةjināya) to to)│( اجهد نفسه فىnafsahū) to go to great
commit a crime, an outrage ( علىon); to lengths, go out of one’s way ( فيfor or in
offend, sin ( علىagainst); to commit, s.th.); ( اجهد فكره فىfikrahū) to concentrate
perpetrate ( ذنبا, جنايةdanban a crime, an on, put one's mind to, apply o.s. t.o VIII to
offense; على, less frequently الى, on or put o.s. out ( فىfor s.th.), work hard; (Isl.
against); to inflict ( هـsome evil, علىon Law) to formulate an independent
judgment in a legal or theological question theological matters, based on the
(based on the application of the 4 uṣūl; as interpretation and application of the four
opposed to taqlid, q.v.) uṣūl, as oppoeed to muqallid, q.v.
جهدjahd pl. جهودjuḥūd strain; exertion; جهرjahara a (jahr, جهارjihār) to be brought to
endeavor, attempt, effort; trouble, pains ( light, come out, show, appear; -- to declare
فىon behalf or for the sake of s.th.); O publicly, announce ( هـor بs.th.); to avow
voltage, tension (el.)│ جهد جهدهjahada in public, proclaim ( بs.th.); to raise (هـ
jahdahū, also عمل )حاول( جهدهto do (try) the voice); -- jahura u ( جهارةjahāra) to be
one’s utmost, do (try) all in one’s power, loud, be clearly audible (voice) III to
make every conceivable effort; بجهد جهيد declare or say openly, voice, utter, express
bi-jahdin jahīdin with great difficulty, by frankly ( بs.th.)
dint of atrenuous efforts; بعد جهد جهيدafter جهرjahr and جهارjihār publicness,
a lot of trouble O ‘( جهد عالālin) high publicity, notoriety; جهراjahran and جهارا
tension (el.) jihāran publicly, in public
جهدjuhd strain, exertion; juhda (used جهرةjahratan openly, overtly, frankly,
prepositionally) to the limit of ... │ جهد publicly
الطاقةjuhda ṭ-ṭāqa as far as possible, as
much as possible; جهد طاقتهj. ṭāqatihī as جهريjahrī notorious, well-known,
much as he can, to the limit of his public
abilities; جهد امَكانهjuhda imkānihī do.; جهد جهيرjahīr loud (voice, shout)
مَاjuhda mā as much as. to the limits of
what ... ; جهديjuhdī as far as I can اجهرajhar2 day-blind
جهيدjahīd see جهدjahd اجهرajhar2 (elative) louder, more
audible
جهادjihād fight, battle; jihad, holy war
(against the infidels, as a religious duty) جمهريjahwarī loud (voice)
جهاديjihādī fighting, military مَجهرmijhar loud-voiced
مَجاهدةmujāhada fight, battle مَجهرmijhar pl. مَجاهرmajāhir2
microsoope
اجهادijhād exertion; overexertion,
overstrain(ing) 142 مَجهرىmijharī microscopic(al)
اجتهادijtihād effort, exertion, endeavor, مَجهارmijhār loud-voiced; O
pains, trouble; application, industry, loudspeaker
diligence; (Isl. Law) independent مَجاهرةmujāhara franknees, candor (of
judgment in a legal or theological one’s words)
queetion, based on the interpretation and
application of the 4 uṣūl, as opposed to جهزjahaza a to finish off ( علىa
taqlīd, q.v.; individual judgment wounded man), deliver the coup de grace
to ( )علىII to make ready, prepare ( هـs.th.);
مَجهودmajhūd pl. -āt endeavor, effort, to arrange ( هـs.th.); to provide, supply (هـ
exertion, pains, trouble, work; O voltage, s.th.); to equip, fit out, furnish, supply,
tension (el.)│ بذل مَجهوداتهto make every provide ( ب هor هـs.th. or s.o. with) IV to
effort, go to greatest lengths finish off ( علىa wounded man), deliver
مَجاهدmujāhid pl. -ūn fighter, freedom the coup de grace to ( ;)علىto finish, ruin (
fighter; warrior; sergeant (Eg. 1939) علىs.o.) V to he equipped, furnished,
supplied, provided; to equip o.s.; to
مَجهدmujhid strenuous, exacting, trying, prepare o.s., get ready; to be ready, be
grueling; -- mujhad overworked, prepared
exhausted
جهازjahāz (alas pronounced jihāz) pl.
مَجتهدmujtahid diligent, industrious; (pl. -āt, اجهزةajhiza equipment, appliances,
-ūn) mujtahid, a legist formulating outfit, gear, rig; trousseau; contrivance,
independcnt decisions in legal or gadget; implement, appliance, utensil;
installation, apparatus (techn.); system, know nothing X to consider ignorant or
apparatus (anat.) │ ( جهاز لَسلكيlā-silkī) stupid ( هs.o.)
wirelees set, radio; جهاز راديوradio جهلjahl and جهالةjahāla ignorance;
(receiving set); O ( جهاز مَستقبلmustaqbil), folly, foolishness, stupidity│ عن جهلout of
O جهاز الَستقبال, O جهاز الَلتقاطreceiver, ignorance
receiving set (radio); ( جهاز مَذيعmuḍī‘), O
جهاز الَرسالj. al-irsāl transmitter (radio); جهولjahūl ignorant; foolish, stupid
جهاز تليفزيونيtelevision set; جهاز الحفرj. مَجهلmajhal pl. مَجاهلmajāhil2
al-ḥafr drilling rig; oil derrick; جهاز دوري unknown region, unexplored territory │ َم
(daurī) circulatory system (anat.); جهاز جاهل افريقياunknown Africa
لتسجيل الَهتزازات الَرضيةor جهاز قياس الهزات
( الَرضيةhazzāt, arḍīya)seismograph; جهاز تجهيلtajhīl stultification
( سريsirrī) secret organization, تجاهلtajāhul ignoring, disregard(ing)
underground organization; جهاز الاستماع
sound locator; ‘( الجهاز العصبيaṣabī) the جاهلjāhil pl. جهلةjahala, جهلjuhhal, جها
nervous system; جهاز الهضمj. al-haḍm لjuhhāl, جهلءjuhalā’ not knowing (ب
digestive apparatus s.th., how to do s.th.); ignorant,
uneducated, illiterate; foolish; fool
تجهيزtajhīz equipment, furnishment;
preparation; pl. تجهيزاتequipment, gear جاهلىjāhilī pagan, of or pertaining to
144 pre-Islamic times
جهشIV to sob, break into sobs│ اجهش بالبكاء جهمjahuma u ( جهامَةjahāma, جهومَةjuhūma) to
(bukā’) to be on the verge of tears, frown, glower V to frown, scowl, glower;
struggle with tears; to break into tears to regard with displeasure (, هـ هor لs.o. or
s.th.), frown ( هـor لon); to eye gloomily,
جهشةjahša (n. vic.) pl. -āt sob; outburst coolly, grimiy ( ه, هـor لs.o., s.th.); to
of tears become sullen, gloomy (face)
اجهاشijhāš outburst of tears جهمjahm sullen, glum, morose, gloomy
جهضIV to bear young ones, litter; to have a (face)
miscarriage (woman)│ اجهضت نفسها جهامjahām clouds
(nafsahā) she induced an abortion
جهامَةjahāma and جهومَةjuhūma grim
جهضjihḍ miscarried fetus look, sullen expression; gloominoss;
جهيضjahīḍ miscarried fetus brooding silence
اجهاضijhāḍ miscarriage, abortion; جهنمjahannam2 (f.) hell
induced abortion جهنميjahannamī hellish, infernal
جهلjahila a (jahl, جهالةjahāla) to be ignorant; جوjaww pl. اجواءajwā’, جواءjiwā’ (pl.
not to know ( بor هـs.th., how to do s.th.); frequently with singnlar meaning) air;
to be irrational, foolish; to behave atmosphere (also fig.); sky; weather;
foolishly ( علىtoward) VI to ignore (هـ sphere, milieu, environment; جواjawwan
s.th.); to refuse to have anything to do (هـ by air; by telegraph, telegraphically│ بريد
with), shut one’s eyes ( هـto), disregard (هـ الجوair mail; طبقات الجوṭabaqāt al-j. air
a fact); to affect ignorance, pretend to
layers; ( فى جو مَمطرmumṭir) in rainy resonate ( لor الىto s.th.), be in resonance
weather with (phys.); -- استجوبistajwaba to
interrogate, examine, question ( هs.o.); to
جوىjawwī air, aerial, aero- (in
hear ( هthe defendant or witn...); to
compounds); airy, atmospheric(al);
interpellate ( هs.o.; in parliament)
weather (used attributively),
meteorologic(al)│( الضغط الجويḍagṯ) جوبjaub travening, touring, exploration
atmospheric pressure; ( طبقات جويةṭabaqāt) (of foreign countries); piercing,
air layers; ( اسطول جويusṭūl) air fleet; غارة penetration
جويةair raid; ( القوات الجويةquwāt) air force; جوبةjauba pl. -āt, جوبjuwab opening,
الملحة الجويةaviation; ( مَيناء جويةmīnā’) gap; hole, pit
airport; ارصاد جويةmeteorological
observations; ( حجر جويḥajar) meteorite جوابjawāb pl. اجوبةajwiba answer,
reply; octave (to a given tone; mus.); (eg.;
( جواcolloq.) jawwā (pronounced gūwa pronounced gawāb pl. -āt) letter,
in Eg.) in it, within; inside message│ جواب الشرطj. aš-šarṭ, main
جوانىjawwānī, juwwānī inner, inside, clause (conclusion) of a conditional
interior sentence, apodosis
جوافةguwāfa (eg.) guava (fruit); guavshrub جوابىjawābī answering (used
attributively)
( جوالeg.) guwāl pl. -āt sack
جوابjawwāb traverser (of foreign
( جوانتيIt. guanti; eg.) gloves
countries), traveler, explorer
1
( جوبFr. jupe) skirt
اجابةijāba answer(ing), reply(ing),
2
( جاب )جوبjāba u (jaub) to travel, wander (هـ response, respondence; compliance;
through), traverse, roam, tour, explore (هـ fulfillment, granting (of a request);
s.th., e.g., foreign lands); to pierce, accession, consent, assent│اجابة لطلبكم
penetrate ( هـs.th.), cut through ( ;)هـto ijābatan li-ṭalabikum, in compliance with
wander, cruise ( هـabout a place) III to your request; in answer to your request
answer ( هs. على,. خs.th.), reply, respond (ه
تجاوبtajāwub agreement, conformity;
to s.o., علىto s.th.); to comply ( هـwith),
harmony
accede ( هـto) IV to answer ( هor الىs.o., عن
or علىa question), reply, respond ( هor الى استجابةistijāba hearing, answering (of a
to s.o., علىto s.th.); to comply ( هـwith a prayer); granting, fulfillment (of a
request), accede, defer ( هـto); to hear (ه request); resonance; consonance (phys.)│ ا
s.o.), accede to the request or wishes of ( ستجابة لistijābatan li in compliance with,
;)هto fulfill, grant ( هـa wish); to consent, in answer to, in deference to
assent, agree ( الىto); to concur ( الىin)│ استجوابistijwāb pl. -āt interrogation,
اجاب الى طلبهṯalabihi) to comply with s.o.’s questioning; hearing; interview;
request VI to reply to one another; to echo interpellation (in parliament)
( ب, هـfrom); to ring out (voices); to be
(mutually) corresponding, harmonize; to مَتجاوبmutajāwib harmonious
be favorahle, propitious ( مَعto s.o.; مَستجيبmustajīb hearing, answering,
situation) VIl to scatter, break up, pass granting; reverberant, resonant,
over (clauds); to be dispelled, disappear, resonating; responsive, susceptible,
vanish (worries); to fade (darkness) X impressible 145
استجابto hear, answer ( هـa prayer), grant (
هـa request); to comply with the request of ( جوتEngl.) jūt jute
()ل, accede or defer to the wiohes of (;)ل ( جاح )جوحjāḥa u and IV to annihilate, destroy,
to react ( لto); to respond ( لto, بwith), ruin; to flood, inundate ( هـthe land) VIII
listen, pay attention ( لto), show interest ( do.; to carry away, sweep away ( هs.o.,
لin); to meet, answer ( ب لs.o. with), s.th.; storm); to put down, subdue, quell (
reply ( ب لto s.o. with or hy doing s.th.); هـs.th., e.g., a riot)
to resound, reverberate, re-echo; to
اجاحةdestruction, annihilation; crop جوادjawād pl. اجوادajwād, اجاودajāwid2,
damage; crop failure, bad harvest اجاويدajawīd2, جودjūd openhanded, liberal,
generous, magnanimous; jawād pl. جياد
اجتياحijtiyāḥ destruction, annihilation;
jiyād, اجيادajyād, اجاويدajāwīd2 race horse,
subdual, suppression
racer; charger │ ابن الَجوادnoble man
جائحjā’iḥ crushing, devastating;
تجويدtajwīd art of reciting the Koran,
disastrous
Koran reading (in accordance with
جائحةjā’iḥa pl. جوائحjawā’iḥ2 calamity, established rule, of pronunciation and
disaster, ruin; epldemic; crop damage intonation)
جوخjūḳ pl. اجواخajwāḳ broadcloth مَجيدmujīd adept, efficient, proficient
( جاد )جودjāda u ( جودةjūda) to be or become جودارjaudār see ( جاودارalphabetically)
good, become better, improve; -- (jūd) to
( جار )جورjāra u (jaur) to deviate, stray (عن
grant generously ( بs.th.), be so generous
from); to commit an outrage ( علىon), bear
as to do s.th. ( بwith verbal noun); to be
down ( علىupon), wrong, persecute,
liberal, openhanded ( بwith s.th., على
oppress, tyrannize ( علىs.o.); to encroach,
toward s.o.), bestow liberally ( بs.th., على
make inroads ( علىon another’s territory)
upon s.o.), grant, give lavishly ( بof s.th.,
III to be the neighbor of s.o. ()ه, live next
علىto s.o.), shower ( ب علىs.o. with); to
door to ( ;)هto be adjacent, be next ( هـto
donate ( بa sum of money, etc.) │جاد بنفسه
s.th.), adjoin ( هـs.th.); to be in the
to sacrifice o.s.; to give up the ghost; جادت
immediate vicinity of ()ه هـ, be close to ( ,ه
‘( عيناه بالدمَعaināhu bi-d-dam‘) tears
;)هـto border ( هـon) IV to grant asylum or
welled from his eyes; ( جادت السماءheavens
a sanctuary ( هto s.o.); to protect ( هs.o., مَن
granted rain) it rained II to do well (هـ
from), take ( هs.o.) under one’s wing; to
s.th.); to make better, improve, better,
stand by s.o. ()ه, aid ( هs.o.) VI to be
ameliorate ( هـs.th.); to recite (the Koran;
neighbors; to be adjacent; to have a
cf. )تجويدIV to do well, do excellently (هـ
common border X to seek protection, seek
s.th.); to master ( هـs.th.), be skilled,
refuge ( بwith s.o., مَنfrom s.th.), appeal
proficient ( هـin), be an expert ( هـat), be
for aid ( هto s.o., مَنagainst s.th.) 146
conversant ( هـwith an art or field of
knowledge); to accomplish or say good, جورjaur injustice; oppression, tyranny;
excellent thing; to achieve excellent outrage
results; to be excellent, outstanding, جارjār pl. جيرانjīrān neighbor; refugee;
distinguish o.s. (e.g., as a poet) │اجاد لغة protégé, charge
(lugatan) to master language; اجاد العزف
‘( على البيانوazfa) to play the piano well X جارةjāra pl. -āt neighboress
to think ( هـs.th.) good or excellent, جيرةjīra neighborhood
approve of ( ;)هـto consider ( هـs.th.)
suitable for or appropriate to ()ل جورةjūra pl. جورjuwar pit, hole
جودjūd openhandedness, liberality, جورىsee alphabetically
generosity جوارjiwār neighborhood, proximity; بجوا
جودjaud heavy rains رin the neighborhood of, in the vicinity
of, near, close to
جادةsee under 2 جد
مَجاورةmujāwara neighborhood,
جودةjūda goodness, excellence proximity
جيدjayyid pl. جيادjiyād good, perfect, جائرjā’ir pl. جورةjawara, جارةjāra
faultless; outstanding, excellent, first-rate; unjust. unfair; tyrannical, despotic; tyrant,
good (as an examination grade); جيدا oppressor, despot
jayyidan well, excellently; thoroughly │ ج
( يد جداjidda) very good (also as an مَجاورmujāwir neighboring, adjacent;
examination grade) near, close by; (pl. -ūn) student (esp. of Al
اجودajwad2 better ,
Azhar University; living in the vicinity of surmount, overcome ( هـa crisis) X to
the Mosque) deem permissible ( هـs.th.); to ask
permission
ئمجيرmujīr protector
جوزjauz pl. اجوازajwāz heart, center (of
مَتجاورmutajāwir having a common
a desert, of a large area, etc.) │ فى
border; adjoining, adjacent, contiguous
اجوازamid, in the middle of, in; فى اجواز
جوربjaurab pl. جواربjawārib2 stocking; sock ( الفضاءfaḍā’) in space
جورجياjorjiyā Georgia (republic of the جوازjawāz permissibility, admissibility;
U.S.S.R.) lawfulness, legality; permission, (official)
1
جوريjūrī damask rose (Rosa damascena, permit, license, authorization; possibility,
bot.); crimson conceivability; passing (of an
2
examination) │ جواز السفرj. as-safar (pl.
( جوريEngl.) jūrī jury -āt) (traveling) passport 147
1
( جاز )جوزjāza u ( جوازjawāz, مَجازmajāz) to مَجازmajāz crossing; passage; corridor
pass, come, travel ( هـthrough); to pass (هـ (pol.-georgr.); metaphor, figurative
an examination, a test); to be allowed, expression (rhet.) │ مَجازاmajāzanl, على
permitted, permissible; to be possible, سبيل المجازfiguratively, metaphorically
conceivable; to work, succeed ( عليهwith
s.o.; deceit, artifice) │( جازت عليه الحيلةḥīla) مَجازىmajāzī figurative, metaphorical
the trick worked with him, he fell for the اجازةijāza pl. -āt permission,
trick II to permit, allow ( هـs.th.); to authorization; approval; license; = Fr.
approve ( هـof), sanction, warrant, licence as an academic degree; permit;
authorize ( هـs.th.) III to pass ( هـs.th. or by vacation, leave (of absence) │ اجازة الحصر
s.th.), go or walk past s.th. ( ;)هـto go i. al-ḥaṣr grant of patent, issue of letters
beyond s.th. ()هـ, overstep, cross, leave patent; patent; ( اجازة قنصليةqunṣulīya)
behind ( هـs.th.), also, e.g., جاوز الثلثين مَن exequatur of a consul (dipl.); اجازة مَرضية
‘( العمرumr) he is past thirty; to exceed, (maraḍīya) sick leave; الَجازات المدرسية
surpass ( هـs.th.); to pass over s.th. ()عن, (madrasīya) school vacation; غائب بالَجازة
disregard ( عنs.th.), pay no attention (عن on leave, on vacation
to); to let ( عنs.th.) go unpunished; to give
مَجاوزةmujāwaza and تجاوزtajāwuz
up, forgo, relinquish ( عنs.th.) IV to
crossing; exceeding; overdraft,
traverse, cross ( هـs.th., الىon the way to);
overdrawing (of an account); disregard (
to permit, allow ( هـ لto s.o. s.th.); to
عنfor); relinquishment ( عنof s.th.)
authorize ( هـ لs.o. to do s.th., also ;)هـ هto
license ( هـs.th.); to approve, confirm, اجتيازijtiyāz traversing, crossing;
endorse ( هـa decision, a judgment); to passage; transit; covering (of a distance);
approve ( هـof s.th.), sanction ( هـs.th.) V to passing (of an examination); surmounting
tolerate, suffer, bear VI to pass ( هـs.th. or (of difficulties)
by s.th.), go or walk past s.th. ( ;)هـto go جائزjā’iz permitted, lawful, legal;
beyond s.th. ()هـ, overstep, cross, leave conceivable, thinkable
behind ( هـs.th.); to exceed, surpass (هـ
s.th., also ;)علىto go too far, overstep all جائزةjā’iza pl. جوائزjawā’iz2 prize,
bounds, encroach, make inroads; to pass reward, premium │( جائزة دراسيةdirāsīya)
over s.th. ()عن, disregard ( عنs.th.) pay no stipend, scholarship
attention ( عنto); to give up, forgo, مَجازmujāz licensed; licentiate (as an
re1inquish (A s.th.); to refrain from) VIII academic title, = Fr. licencié; e.g., مَجاز فى
to pass, run, go ( هـthrough), cut across ( العلومlicencié ès sciences)
;)هـto cross ( هـa border, a street, a 2
mountain range); to traverse ( هـa country جوز □ = زوجII to give in marriage
or sea); to cover ( هـa distance); to pass (هـ □ جوزjauz pl. اجوازajwāz = زوجcouple
through the mind; said of ideas, thoughts);
to go ( هـthrough hard times or a crisis); to □ ( مَجوزsyr.; pronounced məžwez,
مزوجmuzwaj) wind instrument with a
double pipe, corresponding to the geological strata); northern (magr.) │ مياه
Egyptian zummāra) جوفيةground water 148
3
الجوزاءal-jauzā’ Gemini (astron.) 1
اجوفajwaf2, f. جوفاءjaufā’, pl. جوف
4
جوزjauz (coll.; n. un. ةpl. -āt) walnut │ جوز jūf hollow; empty; vain, futile, inane,
pointless, senseless
الطيبj. aṭ-ṭīb nutmeg; جوز القيءj. al-
qai’ nux vomioa; جوز الهندj. al-hind, جوز تجويفtajwīf pl. تجاوافtajāwīf2,
( هنديhindī) coconut; جوز القزj. alqazz hollow, cavity
cocoon, chrysalis of the silkworm مجوفmujawwaf hollowed out, hollow
جوزةgōza (eg.) narghile جوقjauq pl. اجواقajwāq and جوقة
جوزيjauzī nut (used attributively and jauqa pl. -āt troop, group; theatrical
in compounds); nut-brown, hazel troupe, operatic company; choir (mus.);
orchestra, band (also │ )جوقة موسيقية
5
جازlook up alphabetically
مدير الجوقmudīr al-j. conductor,
جوزلjauzal pl. جوازلjawāzil2 young pigeon bandleader, choir leader; جوقة الشرفj.
( جاس )جوسjāsa u to peer around, pry aš-šaraf Legion of Honor
around, look around ( خللkilāla in); to 1
( جال )جولjāla u (jaul, جولةjaula, تجوال
search, investigate, explore ( هـs.th.) VIII tajwāl, جولانjawalān) to roam, rove,
to search, investigate, explore ( هـs.th.) wander about; to move freely, be at home
( فيin a field of learning), occupy o.s. (
جوسقjausaq pl. جواسقjawāsiq2 palace;
manor, villa فيwith); to be circulated, go the rounds;
to pass ( ب, فيthrough the mind)│ جال
جويطةgawīṭa pl. جوائطgawā’iṭ2 (eg.) dowel, برأسهto preoccupy s.o., engross s.o.’s
peg attention; (ما يجول في خاطره )بخاطره
( جاع )جوعjā‘a u to be hungry; to starve II to what he is preoccupied with, what is on
cause ( هs.o.) to starve, starve out, famish his mind; ( جال الدمع في عينيهdam‘,
( هs.o.) IV do. ‘ainaihi) his eyes swam in tears; جالت يده
( فيyaduhū) he laid his hands on, he
جوعjū‘ hunger, starvation │مات جوعا committed defalcations of IV to circulate,
to starve to death
pass around ( هـs.th.) │( اجال الرأيra’ya)
جوعانjau‘ān2, f. جوعىjau‘ā’, pl. جياع to weigh s.th. thoroughly, ponder s.th.;
jiyā‘ hungry, starved, famished ( اجال النظرnaẓara) to let one’s eyes
wander about; to look around V to roam,
مجاعةmajā‘a pl. -āt famine
rove, wander about, move around; to
جائعjā’i‘ pl. جياعjiyā‘, جوعjuwwa‘ patrol, go the rounds; to cruise; to tour,
hungry, starved, famished travel from place to place, travel about
تجويعtajwī‘ starving out جولةjaula pl. -āt circuit, round; patrol;
excursion, outing; tour; (round) trip;
اجاعةijā‘a starving out
voyage, run (of a steamer); (round-trip)
جوفII to make hollow, hollow out ( هـs.th.) flight (of an airplane); round (in sports)
جوفjauf pl. اجوافajwāf hollow, جوالjawwāl wandering, migrant,
cavity; depression; interior, inside, center, itinerant, roving; cruising; traveling;
heart; belly, abdomen; north (magr.) │ في ambulant; traveler, tourist; see also
جوفinside, in the interior of, in the alphabetically │ رام جوالrāmin jawwāl
middle of; ( في جوف الليلj. il-lail) or pl. رماة جوالةrumāh jawwāla rifleman
( جوف الليلjaufa) in the middle of the (mil.; Syr.)
night جوالةjawwāla one given to roaming or
جوفيjaufī inner, interior, inside; traveling; wanderer, wayfarer; O
subterranean, underground, subsurface (of motorcycle; cruiser
تجوالtajwāl migration, wandering, جوهرةjauhara jewel, gem
roving, traveling; nomadic life, nomadism
جوهريjauharī substantial; intrinsic,
جولانjawalān migration, wandering, essential, inherent; fundamental, main,
roving, traveling; nomadic life, nomadism chief, principal; material; jeweler
│ جولان اليدj. al-yad embezzlement, جوهرجيjauharjī jeweler
defalcation
مجوهراتmugauharāt (eg.) jewelry,
مجالmajāl pl. -āt room, space ( لfor trinkets; jewels, gems
s.th.); field, domain, sphere; scope, extent;
reach; range; elbowroom, free scope; play, 1
جوىjawiya a (jawan) to be passionately
clearance; field (magn.)│ ما ترك مجال stirred by love or grief
( للشكšakk) to admit of no doubt; ل مجال جوىjawan ardent love, passion
( للطعن فيهmajālan, ṭa‘n) (it is)
incontestable; في هذا المجالin this
2
جاوىlook up alphabetically
connection; ودع المجال امامه فسيحا جويدار = جاودارlook up alphabetically
(amāmahū) to give s.o. a free hand, wide
( جاء )جيءjā’a يجيءyajī’u ( مجيءmajī’) to
scope of action; ( مجال حيويḥayawī)
come ( هـ, هto); to get ( هـto), reach ( هـa
lebensraum; مجال العملm. al-‘amal field
place); to arrive; to bring ( بs.th.; ب هto
of activity; ( مجال مغنطيسيmagnaṭīsī)
s.o. s.th.); to bring forth, produce (ب
magnetic field; شدة المجالšiddat al-m.
field intensity (magn.) s.th.); to set forth ( بs.th.); to do,
perform; to commit, perpetrate ( هـs.th.);
تجولtajawwul roaming, roving, to occur, be mentioned, be said ( فىin an
wandering, migration; going out, moving article, document or book); (with foll.
about; patrol, round; (round) trip, tour; Imperf.) to be about or set out to do s.th. │
traveling │ منع التجولman‘ at-t. curfew جاء فى جريدة الهرام انthe newspaper
بائع جاولbā’i‘ jāwil pl. باعة جائلون “Al Ahram” reports that ... ; جاء من
peddler, hawker باريس انa report from Paris says that ... ;
( جاءت نتائجه مطابقة لmuṭābiqatan) its
متجولmutajawwil wandering, migrant, results coincided with ...
roaming, roving, itinerant; ambulant;
traveling; traveler │ وكيل متجولtraveling جيئةjī’a, jai’a coming, arrival │ جيئة
salesman; ( بياع متجولbayyā‘) peddler, ( وذهابdahāb) coming and going, ذهب
hawker; ( قسيس متجولqissīs) itinerant جيئة وذهاباto pace the floor, walk up and
preacher down
2
جوالlook up alphabetically مجيءmajī’ coming, arrival, advent
جولفgolf golf (eg.) الجائياتal-jā’iyāt the things to come
جامlook up alphabetically
1
جيبjaib pl. جيوبjuyūb breast, bosom,
heart; sine (math.); hole, hollow, cavity,
جونjūn pl اجوانajwān gulf, inlet, bay excavation; pocket; purse │ الجيب
جونيلة, جونل,( جونلةIt. gonnella)gonella pl. (الخاصḳaṣṣ) the privy purse; تمام الجيب
-āt (woman’s) skirt (eg.) 149 tamām al-j., جيب التمامcosine (math.);
جاهlook up alphabetically ساعة الجيبpocket watch; مصروف
الجيبpocket money; الجيوب النفية
جوهرII tajauhara to become substance (anfīya) the nasal sinuses (anat.); جيوب
جوهرjauhar pl. جواهرjawāhir2 المقاومةj. al-muqāwama pockets of
intrinsic, essential nature, essence; resistance (mil.)
content, substance (as opposed to form; جيبيjaibī pocket (adj.)
philos.); matter, substance; atom; jewel,
gem; pl. jewelry │( الزيف والجوهرzaif)
2
جيبjīp, جيبjīb and سيارة جيبsayyārat j.
the spurious and the genuine jeep
( ﭽيتir.) čīt a colorful cotton fabric, chintz جيوغرافياjiyogrāfiyā geography │ الجيوغرافيا
( البشريةbašarīya) anthropogeography
1
جيدjīd pl. اجيادajyād, جيودjuyūd neck
جيوفيزياjiyofīziyā geophysics
2
جيدjayyid see جود
جيوفيزيائيjiyofīziyā’ī geophysical │
3
اجياد, جيادsee جوادjawād
( السنة الجيوفيزيائيةsana) the geophysical
1
جيرjairi surely, truly, verily year
2
جيرjīr lime جيوفيزيقيjiyofīzīqī geophysical
جيرjīrī calcareous, lime (adj.) جيولوجياjiyolōjiyā geology
جيارjayyār unslaked lime جيولوجيjiyolōjī geologic(al)
جيارةjayyāra limekiln ح
3
جيرII to endorse (fin.)
( جيروIt. giro) endorsement (fin.)
حاءḥā’ name of the letter ح
4
جيران, جيرةsee جور
حاخامḥāḳām rabbi│ الحاخام الَكبرthe chief rabbi
جيزةgīza Giza (city in N Egypt); a brand of
حؤولsee حول
Egyptian cotton
حامَىḥāmī Hamitic
( جاش )جيشjāša i ( جيشانjayašān) to be
excited, be agitated; to rage, storm; to حانand حانةsee حين
boil, simmer II to levy troops, mobilize an ( حانبةpronounced ḥamba) pl. حوانبḥawānib2
army X to raise, mobilize ( هـan army, (formerly Tun.) hamba, palace gendarme
also, e.g., انصاراanṣāran followers) of the Bey of Tunis
جيشjaiš pl. جيوشarmy, troops, حانوتsee حنو
armed forces │ جيش الحتللoccupation 1
حبḥabba i (ḥubb) to love, like II to evoke (
forces; جيش احتياطيarmy reserve; جيش الىin s.o.) love or a liking ( هـ, هfor s.th. or
( مرابطmurābiṭ) territorial army; النقاذ s.o.), make ( الىs.o.) love or like ( هـ, هs.th.
جيشj. al-inqād Salvation Army; جيش or s.o.); to endear ( الى هـs.th. to s.o.), make
المساءal-masā’ dusk, evening twilight ( هـs.th.) dear, lovable, attractive ( الىfor
150 s.o.), make ( هـs.th.) palatable, acceptable (
جياشjayyāš agitated, impassioned; الىto s.o.); to urge ( الى هـs.th. on s.o.),
excited, boiling up; ebullient; pleasurably suggest ( الىs.th. to s.o.) IV ( حبḥubb, مَحبة
excited, happily stimulated maḥabba) to love, like ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to
wish, want, or like, to do s.th. (احب ان│)ان
جيشانjayašān excitement, agitation; uḥibbu an I should like to ... ; احب له انto
raging like about s.o. that he ... ; لَ يحب الخير له
( جاف )جيفjāfa i, II and V to be putrid, stink (ḳaira) he doesn’t want him to be happy,
(decaying cadaver) he grudges him everything V to show
love, reveal one’s affections ( الىto s.o.); to
جيفةjīfa pl. جيفjiyaf, اجيافajyāf endear o. s. ( الىto s.o.), make o.s. popular,
corpse, cadaver ingratiate o.s. ( الىwith s.o.); to court, woo
ﭽيكىčīkī Czech ( الىa woman) VI to love one another X to
like ( هـs.th.); to deem ( هـs.th.) desirable,
جيلjīl pl. اجيالajyāl people, nation, tribe; recommendable; to prefer ( على هـs.th. to
generation; century; epoch, era s.th. else)
( جيلتيIt. gelati) jēlātī ice cream حبḥubb love; affection, attachment │
جيمjīm name of the letter ج حب الذاتḥ. ad-dāt self-love, amour-propre;
حب الَستطلعcuriosity, inquisitiveness; حب
( جينFr. gaine) corselet, sheath corset (eg.) الوطنḥ. al-waṭan patriotism; حبا ل
(ḥubban) out of love or affection for, out مَستحبmustaḥabb (re)commendable,
of friendship for; حبا فيin the desire to … desirable (said of acts whose neglect is not
punished by God, but whose performance
حبيḥubbī friendly, amicable, loving; حبيا
is rewarded; Isl. Law); well-liked, popular
ḥubbīyan in an amicable manner,
2
amicably; by fair means (jur.) حبII to produce seed, go to seed (plant); to
bear seed (grain); to granulate, become
حبḥibb pl. احبابaḥbāb darling, dear,
granulated; to granulate ( هـs.th.) IV to
dearest (one)
produce seed
حبابḥabāb aim, goal, end 151
حبḥabb (coll.; n. un. )ةgrains; seed; --
حبيبḥabīb pl. احباءaḥibbā’2, احبةaḥibba, pl. حبوبḥubūb grain, cereals, corn;
احبابbeloved, sweetheart, lover; darling; seed(s); grains, kernels; granules; pellets;
dear one, friend; dear ( الىto s.o.); popular; pills, pastilles; berries; acne, pustules,
الَحبابthe beloved ones, the dear ones pimples│ حب العزيزchufa (Cyperus
حبيبةlabība pl. حبائبḥabā’ib2 esculentus L.; bot.); حب الفقدḥ. al-faqad
sweet·heart, darling, beloved woman chaste tree (Vitex agous castus L.; bot.);
croton seeds (seeds of Croton tiglium;
احبaḥabb2 dearer, more desirable, bot.); (magr.) cherries; حب الهالḥ. al-hāl
preferable ( الىto s.o.) and ( حب الهان )حبهانḥ. al-hān cardamom
حبذاḥabbadā (with foll. Nominative) (Amomum cardamomum L.; bot.); حب
how nice, how lovely is ... ! how good, الغمامḥ. al-gamām hail, hail-stones
excellent, perfect is …! │ حبذا لوhow nice حبةḥabba (n. un.; see also حبḥabb) pl.
it would be if …; حبذا الحال لو فعلh. l-ḥālu -āt grain, granule; seed; kernel; pill,
lau fa‘ala it would be nice, or he would do pastille; berry; pustule, pimple; triviality,
well, if he did it; ( يا حبذا الحالḥālu) that’s trille; a square measure (Eg.; = 58.345
just wonderful! m2); pl. حباتbeads (of the rosary)│ حبة
مَحبةmaḥabba love; affection, شعيرḥ. ša‘īr a linear measure (Eg.; =
attachment │ مَحبة الوطنm. al-waṭan 0.205 cm); ( حبة حلوةḥulwa) aniseed; حبة
patriotism ( سوداءsaudā’) black caraway (Nigella
sativa L.; bot.); حبات الرمَالgrains of sand;
تحببtaḥabbub courtship, wooing حبة العينḥ. al-‘ain eyeball; pupil (of the
تحاببtaḥābub mutual love, concord, eye); حبة القلبḥ. al-qalb dearest one,
harmony beloved, darling
مَحبوبmaḥbūb beloved; dear; lovable, حببḥabab blister
desirable; popular; favorite; beloved one, حبيبةḥubaiba pl. -āt little grain, small
lover; (pl. مَحابيبmaḥābīb2) gold piece, kernel; small pimple or pustule
sequin (in Ottoman times; eg.)
حبيبيḥubaibī granular, granulated│ الرمَد
مَحبوبةmaḥbūba sweetheart, darling, ( الحبيبيramad) trachoma (med.)
beloved woman
حبحبḥabḥab (coll.) watermelon (hij.)
مَحببmuḥabbab agreeable, pleasant,
desirable, lovable, dear ( الىto s.o.); nice, حباحبḥubāḥib firefly, glowworm
likable حبذII to approve, think wall ( هـof s.th.),
مَحبmuḥibb pl. -ūn loving; lover; commend ( هـs.th.); to applaud, acclaim,
fancier, amateur, fan; friend │مَحب الناس cheer ( هs.o., هـs.th.)
philanthropic(al), affable; مَحبنا العزيزour حبذاsee 1 حب
dear friend; مَحبو الثارfriends of archeology; تحييذtaḥyīd approval; acclamation,
( مَحب لذاتهli-datihī) egoist acclaim, applause, cheering 152
مَتحابmutaḥābb loving one another, حبرḥabara u (ḥabr) to gladden, make happy,
concordant delight ( هs.o.); -- ḥabira a ( حبورḥubūr) to
be glad, happy II to embellish, refine,
make workmanlike ( هـs.th.); to compose ( held up; to be impeded, held back; to
هـs.th.) in elegant style; to write, compose falter, break, fail (voice), stop (breath)
( هـs.th.) حبسḥabs (act of) holding or keeping
حبرḥibr ink│ ام الحبرumm al-ḥibr squid, back, obstruction, check, repression;
cuttlefish; ( حبر على ورقwaraq) mere ink blocking off, barring, confinement;
on paper, of no effect (e.g., an agreement, damming up, staving off; safekeeping,
a treaty) custody, retention; imprisonment, arrest,
detention, jailing; (pl. حبوسḥubūs) prison,
حبرḥabr, ḥibr pl. احبارaḥbār a non-
jail │( حبس احتياطيiḥtiyāṭī) detention
Muslim religious authority, 1earned man,
(pending investigation); حبس انفرادي
scribe; hishop; rabbi│ الحبر الَعظمthe Pope;
(infirādī) solitary confinement; حبس شديد
سفر الَحبارsifr al-a. Leviticus (Old Test.)
penal servitude
حبريḥabrī pontifical │قداس حبري
حبسḥibs pl. احباسdam, weir, barrage
(quddās) pontifical mass (Chr.)
حبسḥubs, ḥubūs pl. احباسaḥbās (Tun.,
حبريةḥabrīya office or dignity of a
Alg. Mor. = waqf) inalienable property the
bishop, bishopric, pontificate
yield of which is devoted to pious
حبرةḥabara, ḥibara pl. -āt silken shawl purposes, religious bequest, (Fr. jur.)
or wrap (worn in public by ladies) “habous”│‘( حبس عامāmm) public habous,
حبارḥabār, ḥibār pl. -āt mark, trace ( حبس خاصḳaṣṣ) private habous; كان حبسا
(esp. of blows), welt, wale ( على ) = كان وقفا علىto be entirely
dependent on …
حبورḥubūr joy
حبسةḥubsa speech defect, impediment
حباريḥubārā pl. حبارياتḥubārayāt of speech
bustard (zool.)
حبيسḥabīs blocked-off, shut-off,
يحبورyaḥbūr bustard chick (zool.) barred, confined, locked-up; secluded;
مَحبرmiḥbara, maḥbara pl. مَحابر bated (breath); choking (voice); (pl. حبساء
maḥābir2 inkwell ḥubasā’2) hermit
حبسḥabasa i (ḥabs) to obstruct, shut off, مَحبسmaḥbas, maḥbis pl. مَحابس
confine ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.), block, bar, hold maḥābis2 place where s.th. is confined or
back, check ( هـs.th. عنfrom; also tears, locked up; jail, prison; (prison) cell 153
laughter, etc.); to withhold ( هـ عنfrom s.o. مَحبسmiḥbas device for shutting off or
s.th.); to hold in custody, detain ( هs.o.) to blocking off
apprehend, arrest, jail, imprison ( هs.o.); to
keep, keep back, put aside, put away ( على مَحبسةmaḥbasa hermitage
هـs.th. for); to tie up, invent inalienably (هـ انحباسinḥibās seclusion, confinement;
capital) │ حبس نفسه علىto devote o.s. stoppage, interruption; cessation
entirely to ... ; ( حبس يده عنyadahū) to take
احتباسiḥtibās retention, restraint;
(s.th.) out from under s.o.’s power; حبس
inhibition, impediment, obstruction,
( عليه انفاسهanfāsahū) to make s.o. catch his
stoppage │ احتباس البولiḥtibās al-baul
breath, take s.o.’s breath away; حبس مَع
suppression of urine, ischuria
الشغلḥubisa ma‘a š-šugl he was
committed to prison under hard labor II to مَحبوسmaḥbūs shut-off (from the
tie up inalienably ( هـfunds, علىfor, esp. outside world), isolated, secluded,
for a pious purpose), make a religious confined, locked-up; imprisoned, captive;
bequest (هـ, for the benefit of )علىVII to tied-up (funds); (pl. مَحابسmaḥābis2)
be held back, be held up, stop, be prisoner, prison inmate, convict
interrupted, intermit; to restrain o.s., hold مَحبسmuḥabbis donor of a habous (see
back VIII to block, obstruct, bar, confine ( حبسḥubs)
ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to detain, hold in custody (
ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to hold back, retain, المحبس عليهal-muḥabbas ‘alaihi
suppress ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to be detained, beneficiary of a habous (see حبسḥubs)
مَنحبسmunhabis secluded, shut-off ارتخاء الحبلslackening of the reins,
yielding; relenting; اضطرب حبلهiḍṭraba
الحبشal-ḥabaš Abyssinia, Ethiopia; (pl. الَحباش
ḥabluhū to get into a state of disorder, of
al-aḥbāš) the Abyssinians, Ethiopians
disorganization, of disintegration, get out
الحبشةal-ḥabaša (and )بلد الحبش of control; ( تعب على الحبلينla‘iba, ḥablain)
Abyssinia, Ethiopia to play a double game, work both side, of
الحبشيḥabašī pl. احباشaḥbāš the street
Abyssinian, Ethiopian احبولةuḥbūla pl. احابيلaḥābīl2 snare, net;
حبطḥabaṭa i (( حبوطḥubūṭ) and ḥabiṭa a to rope with a noose; pl. احابيلtricks, wiles,
come to nothing, fail, miscarry, go wrong; artifices, stratagems (in order to get s.th.)
to be futile, be of no avail, be lost IV to حبالةḥibāla pl. حبائلḥabā’il2 snare, net
frustrate, thwart, foil, defeat ( هـs.th., على هـ
حابلḥābil: ( اختلط الحابل بالنابلiḳtalaṭa)
in s.th. s.o.; negotiations, efforts, an
everything became confused, got into a
attempt, etc.)
state of utter confusion; حابل ونابلهمall
حبطḥabaṭ scar of a wound, wale, welt together, all in a medley 154
حبوطḥubūṭ futility, failure 2
حبلḥlabila a (ḥabal) to be or become
احباطaḥbāṭ frustration, thwarting, foiling pregnant, conceive and IV to make
pregnant ( هاa woman)
حبقḥabaq basil (bot.); (eg.) a variety of
speedwell (Veronica anagallis aquatica L.) حبلḥabal conception; pregnancy
حبكḥabaka i u (ḥabk) to weave well and tight حبلىḥublā pl. حبالىḥabālā and حبلانة
( هـs.th.); to braid, plait ( هـs.th.); to twist, ḥablāna pregnant
twine, tighten ( هـs.th.); to knit ( هـs.th.); to حبنḥabana dropsy
devise, contrive ( هـa plan, a plot) II to
حبب الهان( حبهانḥabb al-hān) cardamom
twist, twine, tighten ( هـs.th.) to fasten (هـ
(Amomum cardamomum L.; bot.)
s.th.)
( حبا )حبوḥabā u (ḥabw) to crawl, creep: to
حبكةḥabka fabric, tissue; texture,
present ( هـ هs.o. with s.th.), give, award (هـ
structure
هto s.o. s.th.) III to be obliging ( هto s.o.),
حبكḥubuk: p. حبك النجومḥ. an-nujūm the show one’s good will ( هtoward s.o.); to
orbits of the celestial bodies favor ( هs.o.); to side ( هwith s.o.), be
حباكةḥibāka weavers trade, weaving partial ( هto s.o.); to show respect,
deference ( هto s.o.) VIII to sit with one’s
مَحبوكmaḥbūk tightly woven; tight, taut; legs drawn up and wrapped in one's
sturdy, strong, robust, husky garment
مَحتبكmuḥtabik interwoven, intersecting حبوةḥibwa, ḥubwa, ḥabwa gift, present
1
حبلVIII to ensnare, catch in a snare ( ه, هـ حباءḥibā’ gift, present
s.o., s.th.)
مَحاباةmuḥābāh obligingness
حبلḥabl pl. حبالḥibāl, احبلaḥbul, حبول complaisance, courtesy; favor(ing),
ḥubūl, احبالaḥbāl rope, cable, hawser; favoritism, partiality
cord, string, thread; (pl. حبالḥibāl) beam,
ray (e.g., of the sun, of light), jet (e.g., of حتḥatta u (ḥatt) to rub off, scrape off, scratch
water); vein; sinew, tendon │حبل الوريد off ( هـs.th.)
jugular vein; ( الحبل السريsurrī) umbilical حتةḥitta pl. ḥitat (eg.) piece, bit, morsel
cord; ( الحبل الشوكيšaukī) spine; حبال صوتية
حتىḥattā (prep.) until, till, up to, as far
(ṣautīya) vocal cords; حبل المساكينivy
as; (conj.; with perf.) until, so that; (with
(bot.); حبال الماءjets of water; (القى )اطلق
subj.) until, that, so that, in order that; --
الحبل على الغاربalqā (aṭlaqa) l-ḥabla ‘alā
(particle) even, eventually even; and even;
l-gārib to let things go, slacken the reins,
حتى لوeven if; (with preceding negation)
give a free hand, impose no restraint;
not even, and be it only…
1
حتاتḥutāt scraps; morsels, crumbs حثḥatta u (ḥatt) to urge, incite, prompt,
goad, spur on, egg on, prod, provoke, 155
تحاتtaḥāt corrosion
impel ( هs.o., علىto do s.th.) │حث خطاه
حتدḥatida a (ḥatad) to be of pure origin (ḳuṭāhū) to quicken one’s pace, hurry (الى
مَحتدmaḥtid descent, origin, lineage to a place); ( حث الطريقṭarīqa) to hurry,
hasten; ( حث قدمَيهqadamaihi) to quicken
حترةḥutra small piece, bit, trifle one’s pace, break into a run VIII and X = I
حتارḥitār pl. حترḥutur border, edge, حثيثḥatīt quick, rapid, quick
fringe, surroundings, vicinity
حاثةḥātta hormone
حتفḥatf pl. حتوفḥutūf death │ يبحث عن )يسعى 2
الى( حتفه بظلفهyabḥatu ‘an (yas‘ā ilā) حثيḥittī Hittite (n. and adj.)
ḥatfihī bi-ẓilfihī he brings about his own حثالةḥutāla dregs, lees, sediment; scum (fig.);
destruction, digs his own grave; مَات حتف offal, discard, scraps │ حثالة الحريرsilk
انفهmāta ḥatfa anfihī he died a natural combings
death
( حثا )حثوḥatā u (ḥatw) to strew, scatter, spread,
حتمḥatama i (ḥatm) to decree, make necessary, disperse ( هـs.th.)
prescribe ( على هـs.th. for s.o.), make (هـ حجḥajja u to overcome, defeat ( هs.o., with
s.th.) a duty, a necessity ( علىfor s.o.); to arguments, with evidence), confute ( هs.o.); to
impose, enjoin ( على هـs.th. upon s.o.); to convince ( هs.o.); -- (ḥajj) to make the
decide, determine definitely ( بs.th.) II to pilgrimage (to Mecca), perform the hadj III to
decree, make necessary, prescribe (على هـ dispute, debate, argue, reason ( هwith s.o.) VI
s.th. for s.o.), make ( هـs.th.) a duty, a to argue against each other, carry on a dispute,
necessity ( علىfor s.o.) V to be necessary; to debate; to take counsel VIII to advance (ب
to be s.o.’s ( )علىduty, be incumbent (على s.th.) as an argument, plea, excuse, or pretext;
upon s.o.) to allege in support or vindication, plead (ب
حتمḥatm pl. حتومḥutūm imposition, s.th.); to vindicate, justify ( لs.th.); to protect,
injunction; final decision, resolution, remonstrate ( علىagainst), object, raise
determination; حتماḥatman decidedly, objections ( علىto)
definitely, neceaoarily, inevitably حجḥajj and حجةḥijja pl. -āt, حججḥijaj
حتميḥatmī decided, definite, final, pilgrimage; hadj, the official Muslim
conclusive, definitive, unalterable, pilgrimage to Mecca │ ذو الحجةdū l-ḥijja
irrevocable, inevitable Zu’lhijjah, the last month of the Islamic
calendar
حتميةḥatmīya decidedness, definiteness,
definitiveness, determinateness, حجةḥujja pl. حججḥūjaj argument;
unalterableness; necessity pretense, pretext, plea; proof, evidence;
document, writ, deed, record; authority │ب
لَ حتميةlā-ḥatmīya indeterminism حجة انunder the pretense that …, on the
(philos.) plea … on the pretext of …
مَحتومmaḥtūm imposed, enjoined, حجاجḥajāj pl. احجةaḥijja circumorbital
obligatory; determined, definitive, ring (anat.)
determinate, unalterable, ineviroble;
destined, predestined, ordained (fate) مَحجmaḥajj destination (of a journey)
‘ محاذاة )في( علىalā (fī) muḥādāti حرارةḥarāra heat; warmth; fever heat,
along, alongside of, parallel to fever; temperature; ardor, fervor (of
emotion), passion; eagerness, enthusiasm,
احتذاءiḥtidā’ imitation, copying zeal; vehemence, violence, intensity;
محاذmuḥādin opposite, facing burning (of the skin)
حشيشḥašīš (coll.) pl. حشائشhāšā’iš2 حشرةḥašara pl. -āt insect; pl. vermin,
herbs, grasses; weeds; hay; hemp (Cannabis insect pests │ ‘ علم الحشراتilm al-ḥ.
sativa L.; bot.), hashish, Cannabis; stillborn entomology
child │ حشيش الدينارḥ. ad-dīnār hops حشريḥašarī insectile, insectival,
حشيشةḥašīša (n. un.) herb insect- (in compounds); entomologic(al)
حشاشḥaššāš pl. -ūn smoker or chewer حشرجḥašraja and II taḥašraja to rattle in the
of hashish. hashish addict throat
حنيḥanīy bending, deflection, flexing, حوجIV aḥwaja to have need, stand in need,
flexure, curving, ourvature, twisting, be in went ( الىof s.th.), need, require,
turning went ( الىs.th.); to put ( هs.o.) in need of (
)الى, make necessary ( الى هfor s.o. s.th.),
حنيةḥanya bend, turn, curve require ( الى هof s.o. s.th.), compel, oblige
حنيةḥanīya pl. حناياḥanāyā arc; ( الى هs.o. to); to impoverish, reduce to
camber, curvature │ في حنايا صدرهin his poverty ( هs.o.) │ ما احوجه الى
bosom; في حنايا نفسهin his heart, deep (aḥwajahū) how much he .tends in need of
inside him ...! how urgently he needs ...! VIII to have
need, stand in need, be in went ( الىof;
حنايةḥināya curving, curvature,
also )ل, need, want, require ( الىs.th. s.o.)
twisting, turning, bending
حوجḥauj need, want, lack, deficiency,
حانوتsee below
destitution
محنىmaḥnan pl. محانmaḥānin
حاجةḥāja pl. -āt need ( الىor بof);
curvature, bend, flexure, bow, turn, curve
necessity, requirement, prerequisite;
انحناءinḥinā’ bend, deflection, natural, bodily need; pressing need,
curvature; curve; arc; inclination, tilt; how, neediness, poverty, indigence, destitution;
curtsy object of need or desire; desire, wish,
request; necessary article, requisite;
انحناءةinḥinā’a (n. vic.) bow, curtsy
matter, concern, business, job, work;
thing, object; -- pl. حوائجḥawā’ij2 needs حوذيةḥūdīya coachman’s work or
211 necessities, necessaries; everyday trade
objects, effects, belongings, possessions,
( حار )حورḥāra u to return ( الىto); to recede,
stuff; clothes, clothing │كان في حاجة الى
decrease, diminish, be reduced ( الىto) II
( )لto stand in need, be in want of (s.th.), to change, alter, amend, transform,
need, require (s.th.); (ل حاجة الى )ل reorganize, remodel, modify ( هـor من
(ḥājata) … is not necessary, not required,
s.th.); to roll out ( هـdough); to make
there is no need of ...; ل حاجة لي بهI
white, whiten ( هـs.th.); to bleach ( هـa
don’t need it; عند الحاجةif (or when) fabric) III to talk, convene, have a
necessary, if need be, in case of need; في conversation ( هwith s.o.); to discuss,
( غير حاجةgairi ḥājatin) unnecessarily; ما debate, argue IV (with جواباjawāban) to
به الحاجةthe essentials; محل الحاجة answer, reply (with negations only) V to
maḥall al-ḥ. the essential passage, the gist, be altered, changed, amended,
the substance, the crux, the interesting part transformed, reorganized, remodeled,
(of an exposition); سد حاجتهsadda modified VI to carry on & discussion
ḥājatahū to meet s.o.’s needs, provide for
s.o.’s needs; قضى حاجتهqaḍā ḥājatahū to حورḥawar white poplar (also
fulfill s.o.’s wish; قضى الحاجةto relieve pronounced ḥaur); bark-tanned sheepskin,
nature basil; marked contrast between the white
of the cornea and the black of the iris
حاجياتḥājīyyāt everyday
commodities, utensils, utilities, حارةhāra pl. -āt quarter, part, section
necessaries, necessities (of & city); (Tun.) ghetto; lane, alley, side
street (with occasional pl. حواريḥawārī
احوجin greater need ( الىof s.th.); │ حارة السدḥ. as-sadd blind alley, dead-
more necessary end street
احتياجiḥtiyāj want, need, requirement, احوارaḥwār2, f. حوراءḥaurā’2, pl. حور
(pre)requisite, necessity; pl. -āt needs, ḥūr having eyes with a marked contrast of
necessities, necessaries white and black, (also, said of the eye:)
محاويجmaḥāwīj2 (pl. of محوجmuḥwij) intensely white and deep-black
needy, poor, destitute people حوارةḥawāra (ḥawarāt) cretaceous
محتاجmuḥtāj in need, in want ( الىof rook; chalk
s.th.), requiring ( الىs.th.); poor, destitute, حواريḥawārī pl. -ūn disciple, apostle
indigent (of Jesus Christ); disciple, follower
حوجلةḥaujala pl. حواجلḥawājil2 phial حوارىḥawārā cretaceous rock; chalk
(chem.)
حوريةḥūrīya pl. -āt, حورḥūr houri,
( حاد )حودḥāda u (ḥaud) to turn aside, turn virgin of paradise; nymph; (pl. -āt) young
away ( عنfrom), turn ( عنoff) II to turn locust │ حورية الماءwater nymph, nixie
off, take a turning
حورانḥaurān2 the Hauran, a
( حودةḥauda) turn, turning mountainous plateau in SW Syria and N
( حاذ )حوذḥāda u (ḥaud) to urge on, spur on ( Jordan 212
هـanimals) IV do. X استحوذistaḥwada to محورmiḥwar pl. محاورmaḥāwir2
overwhelm, overcome, overpower (على rolling pin; pivot, core, heart, center; axis;
s.o.; esp. emotions), get the better of ( axle, axletree
)على, gain mastery ( علىover); to seize (
محارmaḥār (coll.; n. un. )ةoysters;
علىon), take possession ( علىof), usurp (
shellfish, mussels; mother-of-pearl, nacre
علىs.th.)
محارةmaḥāra (n. un.) oyster; oyster
حوذيḥūdī coachman, cabman, driver shell, mussel; trowel
تحويرtaḥwīr alteration, change, bounds of reason; ( برز الى حيز المعقولto
transformation, reorganization, reshuffle, advance to the realm of fact, i.e.) to
remodeling, modification become a reality; في حيز المكانfī ḥ. il-
imkān within the realm of possibility,
حوارḥiwār talk, conversation,
quite possible
dialogue; argument, dispute; text (of a
play); script, scenario (of a motion حيازةḥiyāza possession, holding,
picture) tenure; taking possession, occupation,
occupancy; acquisition of title, acquisition
محاورةmuḥāwara talk, conversation,
of the right of possession; obtainment,
dialogue; argument, dispute
attainment, acquisition
تحاورtaḥāwur discussion
تحيزtaḥayyuz partiality; prejudice, bias
( حوزand حاز )حيزḥāza u (ḥauz, حيازةḥiyāza)
انحيازinḥiyāz isolation, seclusion,
to possess, own, have ( هـs.th.); to gain,
retirement; partiality; prejudice, bias
win, get, receive, obtain, achieve, attain (
هـs.th., e.g., success, victory, etc.); to gain حائزḥā’iz possessor, holder, tenant
pos....ion. gain control ( هـof s.th.), seize, متحيزmutaḥayyiz partial, prejudiced,
monopolize ( هـs.th.); -- ḥāza i ( حيزḥaiz) biased
to drive on, urge on ( هـcamels) V
taḥawwaza and taḥayyaza to writhe, twist, منحازmunḥāz secluded, retired,
coil; -- taḥayyaza to stay away, keep withdrawn, removed ( عنfrom); an
away, seclude o.s., isolate o.s. ( عنfrom); outsider, a stranger ( عنto)
to be disposed, incline, tend, lean (الى حوسVIII (eg.) to be in a quandary, waver,
toward); to join ( الىs.o. or s.th.); to side ( hesitate
الى, لwith), take sides ( الى, لin favor
of) VII to isolate o.s., seclude o.s.
1
( حاش )حوشḥāša u (ḥauš) to round up,
separate, segregate,· disengage o.s., drive into a trap ( هـgame); to stop, check,
dissociate o.s., stay away, keep away, prevent, hinder ( هـs.th.), stand in the way
retire, withdraw ( عنor منfrom); to join ( هـof); to hold back, stem, stave off (هـ
( الىS.o. or s.th.); to unite ( الىwith); to s.th.) II to gather, collect, amass,
side ( الىor لwith), take sides ( الىor J accumulate, pile up, hoard ( هـs.th.); to
in favor of) VIII to possess, own, have (هـ save, put by ( هـmoney); to find ( هـs.th.)
s.th.); to take possession ( هـof s.th.); to 213
keep, prevent, hinder ( عن هs.o. from) حوشḥauš p1. احواشaḥwāš, حيشان
ḥīšān enclosure, enclosed area; courtyard
حوزḥauz possession, holding, tenure;
obtainment, attainment, acquisition; حوشḥawaš mob, rabble, riffraff
taking possession, occupation, occupancy;
حوشيḥūšī wild; unusual, odd, queer,
(jur.) tenancy; -- (pl. احوازaḥwāz)
strange
enclosed area, enclosure; precinct(s),
boundary, city limits اسبوع الحاشusbū‘ al-ḥāš Passion
Week (Chr.)
حوزيḥauzī possessor, tenurial
2
حاشى, حاشاsee حاش لله, حشوḥāša lillāh =
حوزةḥauza possession, holding,
حاشى لله
tenure; property; area, territory │في حوزه
or في حوزة يدهfī ḥ. yadihī in his حوصḥawaṣ squinting of the eye (caused by
possession; الدفاع عن حوزة مصرthe constant exposure to glaring light)
defense of Egyptian territory احوصaḥwaṣ2 f. حوصاءḥauṣā’2, pl.
حيزḥayyiz, ḥaiz pl. احيازaḥyāz scope, حوصḥūṣ having narrow, squinting eyes
range, reach, extent, compass, confines, حياصةḥiyāṣa girth
field, domain, realm; sphere │ ل يدخل في
( حيز المعقولyadkul) it is not within the
حوصلḥauṣa, حوصلةḥauṣala craw (of a ... ; he brought ... to his notice V to guard,
bird); bladder; pelican │ الحوصلة المرارية protect (.., 6 s.o., s.th.); to take precautions
(marārīya) gall bladder, bile (anat.) ( هـwith regard to), attend ( هـto); to be
careful, be cautious, be on one’s guard
حويصلḥuwaisil blister, bleb, vesicle; VIII to be careful, be cautious, watch out,
water blister be on one’s guard; to take precautions,
حويصلةḥuwaisila pl. -āt blister, bleb, make provision ( لfor, so as to ensure ... );
vesicle to surround ( بs.o., s.th.); to guard,
حوضḥauḍ pl. احواضaḥwāḍ, حياضḥiyāḍ protect, preserve ( على بs.th. from), take
basin; water basin; trough, tank, cistern, care ( بof), attend ( بto), look after ()ب,
reservoir, container; basin of a river or see to it ( بأنthat)
sea; pool; (in the Egyptian irrigation حيطةḥīṯa, ḥaṭa, حوطةḥauṭa
system) a patch of land surrounded by cautiousness, caution, provident care,
dikes, flooded by high water of the Nile; prudence, circumspection │ أخذ
pond; pelvis (anat.); (garden) bed; dock; (حيطتهḥīṭatahu) to be on one’s guard, take
pl. ( حياضḥiyāḍ) ground, area, domain (to precautions; بل حيطةthoughtlessly,
be protected), sanctum │ حوض جاف unthinkingly, inadvertently
(jāff) dry dock; حوض حمامḥammām
bathtub; ‘( حوض عوامawwām) floating حياطةḥiyāṭa guarding, custody,
dock; ذاد عن حياضهto assume the defense protection, care 214
of s.o., make o.s. the champion of s.o.; to تحويطtaḥwīṭ encirclement
defend o.s.; ( ذب حن حياض الدينdabba)
احاطةiḥāṭa encirclement,
to defend the faith; احواض الفم والحديد
encompassment; comprehension, grasp,
coal and iron deposits
understanding, knowledge, cognizance (ب
O حويضةḥuwaiḍa renal pelvis (anat.) of s.th.), acquaintance, familiarity (ب
( حاط )حوطḥāṭa u (ḥauṭ, حيطةḥaiṭa, حياطة with); information, communication
ḥiyāṭa) to guard, protect ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.), تحوطtaḥawwuṭ provision, care,
watch ( ه, هـover s.o., over s.th.), have the attention, precaution, prudence; pl. -āt
custody ( ه, هـof); to attend ( هـto), take precautionary measures, precautions
care ( هـof), look after s.th. ( ;)هـto احتياطiḥtiyāṭ caution, cautiousness,
surround, encircle, enclose, encompass ( prudence, circumspection, carefulness;
بs.o., s.th.) II to build a wall ( هـaround provision, care, attention, precaution,
s.th.), wall in ( هـs.th.); to encircle, prevention; pl. -āt precautionary
surround ( هـs.th.), close in from all sides ( measures, precautions │على سبيل المثال
هـon s.th.) III to try to outwit, dupe, or as a precaution, out of precaution, to be on
outsmart ( هs.o.); to mislead, lead astray, the safe side
seduce ( هs.o.) IV to surround ( بs.o.,
احتياطيihṭiyāṭī precautionary;
s.th., also ه, هـs.o., s.th., y with); to
prophylactic; preventive; replacement;
encompass, enclose, embrace, comprise,
spare- (in compounds); reserve- (in
contain ( بs.th., also ;)هـto ring, encircle compounds); stand-by; reserve funds,
( بs.o., s.th., also ه, هـs.o., s.th., بwith capital reserves (fin.); reserve (mil.) │
s.th.), close in from all sides ( بon); to ( حبس احتياطيḥabs) detention pending
know thoroughly, comprehend, grasp investigation; تدابير احتياطية
completely, understand fully ( بs.th.), be precautionary measures, precautions قوات
familiar, be thoroughly acquainted (ب ( احتياطيةquwāt) reserves (mil.); مال
with) │’( احاط به علماilman) to know احتياطيcapital reserve, reserve fund;
s.th. thoroughly, have comprehensive
( احتياطى الزيت الخامcrude-)oil reserves
knowledge of s.th.; to take cognizance,
take note of s.th.; اجاطه علما بhe حائطpl. حيطانḥīṭān, حياطḥiyāṭ,
informed him of ..., he let him know about حوائطḥawā’iṭ2 wall │ حائط المبكىḥ. al-
mabkā Wailing Wall (in Jerusalem); ( حولand حال )حيلḥāla u to change, undergo
ضرب( به عرض الحائطor) القىalqā a change, be transformed; to shift, turn,
(ḍaraba) bihī ‘urḍa l-ḥā’iṭ to make little pass, grow ( الىinto s.th., also )هـ,
of s.th., scorn, disdain, despise s.th.; to become ( الىs.th.); to deviate, depart (عن
reject s.th., discard s.th., throw s.th. from, e.g., a commitment), dodge, evade,
overboard; to ruin, thwart, foil s.th. fail to meet ( عنs.th.); to elapse, pass go
حويطḥāwiṭ (eg.) clever, smart, shrewd by (time); -- ( حيلولةḥailūla) to prevent (
دونs.th.); to intervene, interfere,
محيطmuḥīṭ surrounding ( بs.th.); interpose, come ( بينbetween) │ حال عن
comprehensive; familiar, acquainted (ب ‘( عهدahd) to withdraw from a contract;
with); -- (pl. -āt) circumference,
215 حال بين فلن وبين المرto make s.th.
periphery; extent, range, scope, compass,
inaccessible to s.o., impossible for s.o.; to
reach, domain, area; milieu, environment,
bar or obstruct s.o.’s way to s.th.; to
surroundings; ocean; pl. محيطات
prevent s.o. from s.th., deny s.o. s.th.; حال
surroundings, environment │ المحيط
( بين نفسه وبين الشفاقišfāq) to resist
(الطلنطيaṭlanṭī) the Atlantic Ocean; الم compassion, deny o.s. any sympathy II
( حيط الهادئḥādi’) the Pacific Ocean ḥawwala to change ( الى هـor هـ هـs.th. to
محاطmuluiJ surrounded ( بby) s.th. else), transform, transmute, convert,
turn, make ( الى هـor هـ هـs.th. into s.th.
متحوطmutaḥawwiṭ cautious, prudent,
else); to transplant (s.th.); to transfer (هـ
provident, circumspect, careful, watchful
s.th.); to convert ( هـs.th.,
حوفḥauf edge, rim, brim, brink; border, mathematically); to switch commutate (هـ
hem, fringe current; el.); to convert, transform (هـ
حافةḥāfa pl. -āt, حوافḥawāfin current; el.); to shunt ( هـa railroad car); to
border, rim, brim, brink, verge; edge; switch ( هـa railroad track); to remit, send,
fringe, hem │ بين حوافيهwithin it, in it, transmit ( هـs.th., e.g., money by mail, الى
therein to s.o.); to pass on, hand on ( الى هـs.th. to
s.o.); to forward ( الى هـs.th. to s.o. or to
( حاق )حوقḥāqa u (ḥauq) to surround,
an address); to endorse ( هـa bill of
enclose, infold, embrace ( بs.o.. s.th.) II
exchange, a promissory note); to direct,
= I ( علىs.o., s.th.)
turn ( هـs.th., also نظرةnaẓratan a glance,
1
حوقلḥauqala ( حوقلةḥauqala) to الىto or toward); to divert, distract, keep
pronounce the formula: ل حول ول قوة ال ( عن هـor هs.o. or s.th. from); to turn
( باللهsee حولḥaul) away, avert ( بصره عنbaṣarahū one's
eyes from); to turn off, switch off,
2
حوقلةḥauqala pl. حواقلḥawāqil2
phial (chem.), Florence flask disconnect ( هـcurrent; el.) │حول الدفة
(daffa) to turn the helm, change the course
( حاك )حوكḥāka u (ḥauk, حياكḥiyāk, حياكة III (ḥāwala to try, attempt, endeavor (هـ
ḥiyāka) to weave ( هـs.th.); to interweave ( s.th., انto do s.th.), make an attempt,
هـs.th.); to knit ( هـs.th.); to braid, plait ( make an effort ( انto do s.th.); to seek to
هـs.th.); to contrive, devise, hatch, gain ( هـs.th.) by artful means; to deceive
concoct ( هـs.th.; e.g., ruses, intrigues, by pretenses, make excuses, hedge, dodge
pretexts), think up, fabricate, create (هـ IV to change هـ هـor الى هـs.th. to),
s.th. in one’s imagination) transform, transmute, turn, make ( هـ هـor
حياكةḥiyāka weaving; knitting; الى هـs.th. into); to convert, translate ( هـ
braiding, plaiting هـor الى هـs.th. into); to transfer (هـ
s.th.); to remit, send ( هـs.th. الىor علىto
حائكḥā’ik pl. حاكةḥāka weaver; -- s.o.); to assign ( ه, هـs.o., s.th., الىor على
(mor.) an outer garment made of a long to s.o.); to turn over, hand over, pass on (
piece of white woolen material, covering
على هـor هs.o. or s.th. to); to forward (
body and head
على هـs.th. to); to refer ( الى هs.o. to); to
cede, transfer ( هـa debt, علىto s.o.; jur.) at present │ في الحالand للحالon the
│( احيل على )الى( المعاشuḥīla, ma‘āš) spot, at once, immediately; على كل حال
and ( احيل الى التقاعدtaqā‘ud) he was (kulli ḥālin) and ( على أي حالayyi ḥ.) in
pensioned off; احيلت الكمبيالة الى any case, at any rate, anyhow; يبقى على
البروتستوthe bill was protested (fin.) V ( حالهyabqā) it remains unchanged, just as
taḥawwala to change, undergo a change; it is; في حال من الحوالin some case or
to be changed ( الىto), be transformed, be other, anyway, if occasion should arise,
transmuted, be converted ( الىinto), possibly; (with neg.) by no means, under
become ( الىs.th.), turn, grow ( الىinto), no circumstances, not at all, in no way;
transform ( الى-- منor عنfrom -- into), بأي حال, بحال, على حالbi-ayyi ḥ. with
change, develop, evolve ( الى-- منfrom neg.: by no means, not at all, in no way;
to); to withdraw, go away, leave; to move كذلك الحال فيthe same goes for ..., it is
( الىto a residence); to turn away (من the same with …; it is also the case
from), turn one’s back ( عنon); to deviate with ...; كما هو الحال فيas is the case
( عنfrom); to depart, digress, stray ( عن with; كيف حالكhow are you? شيء بحاله
الطريقfrom the way); to renounce, forgo, a thing in itself, a separate, independent
relinquish, disclaim (s.th.); to proceed thing; ( الحوال الجويةjawwīya)
slyly or cunningly │ تحول كل حيلةto atmospheric conditions; محاكم الحوال
employ every conceivable trick; -- ( الشخصيةšakṣīya) courts dealing with
taḥayyala to employ artful means; to vital statistics; نظام( الحوال الشخصيةor)
ponder ways and means ( لto an end, in قانونpersonal statute; صاحب الحالnoun
order to attain s.th.) VI taḥāwala to try, referent of a circumstantial phrase
endeavor, take pains ( علىto do s.th.), (gram.); ‘ عرض حالarḍ ḥ. application,
strive ( علىfor); -- taḥāyala and VIII to memorial, petition; لسان,لسان الحال
employ artful means, resort to tricks, use حالهsee لسان
stratagems ( علىagainst s.o.); to deceive, حالماḥālama (conj.) as soon as
beguile, dupe, cheat, outwit, outsmart (
علىs.o.); to be out ( علىfor s.th.) or حالةḥala pl. -āt condition, state;
achieve ( علىs.th.) by artful means, by situation; (possible, actual) case; ḥālata
tricks VIII to work or strive (on one’s own (prep.) during │ حالة انḥālata an (conj.)
resources), make efforts (on one’s own) whereas; والحالة هذهunder these
IX احولaḥwala to be cross-eyed, to circumstances, such being the case, things
squint X to change ( الىto, into), turn, be being as they are; ( في حالةḥālati) in (the)
transformed, be converted ( الىinto); to be case of ..., in the event of …, e.g., في حالة
transubstantiated (bread and wine, الى ( غيابهgiyābihī) in case of his absence, في
into the body and blood of Christ; Chr.); ( حالة الوفاةwafāh) in case of death; في
to proceed, pass on, shift, switch ( الىto هذه الحالةin this (that) case; لحالة انli-
s.th. new or s.th. different); to be ḥālati an in case that …, in the event that
impossible ( علىfor s.o.); to be …; في حالة ما اذاif; كما هي الحالة فيif
inconceivable, absurd, preposterous as is the case with …; حالة اجتماعية
(ijtimā‘īya) marital status; الحالة الجوية
حالḥāl m. and f., pl. احوالaḥwāl
condition, state; situation; position, status; (jawwīya) atmospheric conditions; حالة
circumstance; case; present, actuality (as الخطرḥ. al-kaṭar stand-by, alert, state of
opposed to future); circumstantial alarm; الحالة الراهنةthe status quo; حالة
expression or phrase (gram.); pl.: الطوارئḥ. aṭ-ṭawāri’ state of emergency;
conditions, circumstances; matters, affairs, ( في حالة التلبسtalabbus) flagrante
concerns; cases; ḥāla (prep.) during; delicto (jur.); ( الحالة المدنيةmadanīya)
immediately upon, right after; just at; in civil status, legal status; سوء الحالةsū’ al-
case of …, in the event of …; 216 حال ḥ. predicament, plight
ḥālan presently, immediately, at once,
right away, without delay; now, actually,
حاليḥālī present, current, actual, حيليḥiyalī cunning, crafty, wily, sly,
existing; momentary, instantaneous; حاليا tricky, foxy
ḥālīyan at present, actually │صورة حالية احيلaḥyal2 craftier, wilier
(ṣūra) snapshot (phot.)
حولḥawal squinting, strabismus
حاليةḥālīya actuality, topicality,
timeliness احولaḥwal2, f. ḥaula’2 ḥaulā2, pl. حول
ḥūl squinting, squint-eyed, wall-eyed,
حولḥaul pl. احوالaḥwāl year; might, walleyed
power │ ل حول ول قوة ال باللهlā ḥaula
wa-lā quwata illā bi-llāh there is no حؤولḥu’ūl change, transformation,
power and no strength save in God; ل transmutation; prevention ( دونof s.th.)
( حول له ول حيلةwa-lā ḥīlata) he is حوالḥiwāl obstacle; partition, screen
completely powerless, he can do nothing,
he is at the end of his resources حيالḥiyāla (prep.) in view of ..., with
regard to …, in the lace of, opposite, in
حولḥiwal change of place, change │ل front of, before
( يبتغون عنه حولyabtagūna) they don’t
want it otherwise, they ask for it حوالةḥawāla pl. -āt assignment,
cession (jur.); bill of exchange,
حولḥaula (prep.) around, about; circa, (promissory) note, check, draft │ حوالة
about, some, approximately, roughly (with حوالة بريدية, البريدmoney order; حوالة
following number); about (esp. in news السفرḥ. safar traveler’s check
headings, approx. = re, concerning) │ من
( حولهḥaulihī) (= )حولهaround him (or it), حوالىḥawālā (prep.) around, about;
about him (or it); من حوليهما circa, approximately, roughly, about, some
(ḥaulaihimā) around the two of them, (with following number)
about them; from their vicinity, from their حيلولةḥailūla separation, interruption,
surroundings (dual) disruption; prevention ( دونof s.th.)
حوليḥaulī periodic, temporary, ل محالlā maḥalla = ( ل محالةsee
interim; one year old (animal), yearling; below)
young animal; lamb, wether
محالةmuḥāla roller, wheel (of a draw
O حولياتḥaulīyāt yearbook, annals (= well)
Fr. annales, as a scientific publication)
ل محالة منهlā maḥālata minhu it is
حيلḥail strength, force, power, vigor inevitable; there is no doubt about it; (also
│ (على حيلهstanding) upright, erect; ل ل محالةalone) most certainly, positively,
( قوة له ول حيلqūwata) completely absolutely, by all means
helpless and paralyzed
تحويلtaḥwīl transformation,
حيلةḥīla pl. حيلḥiyal, احاييلaḥāyīl2 artifice, transmutation, conversion ( الىinto s.th.);
ruse, stratagem, maneuver, subterfuge, change, alteration, modification;
wile, trick; device, shift; a 217 means to transplantation; transposition, reversal,
accomplish an end; expedient, makeshift, inversion, translocation, dislocation,
dodge, way-out; legal stratagem (for the displacement; transfer, assignment;
purpose of in fraudem legis agere) │ ما conversion (e.g., of currency); conversion,
الحيلةwhat’s to be done! ل حيلة له في transformation (of electric current); O
(ḥīlata) I have no possibility to …, I am in transfer (fin.; also تحويل الدينt. ad-dain);
no position to …; ( ما بيدي حيلةbi-yadī) I remittance (of money), transmittal,
can do nothing, I can get nowhere; لم يجد sending, forwarding; bill of exchange,
حيلة الlam yajid ḥīlatan illā he couldn’t promissory note, draft (com.); check;
do anything except …, he had no other endorsement (com.); c.o.d., cash on
choice than …; ( اعيته الحيلةa‘yathu) he delivery │ قابلية العملة للتحويل الى
was at a loss, he was at the end of his wits
( العملت الجنبيةqābilīyal al-’mla, frequently changing; feeble, languid, wan,
ajnabīiya) convertibility of currency pallid
تحويلةtaḥwīla pl. تحاويلtaḥāwīl2 محولmuḥawwil pl. -āt converter,
branch, offshoot; siding, sidetrack transformer (el.); endorser
(railroad); side canal (irrigation; Eg.); محولةmuḥawwila switch (railroad)
switch (railroad)
محول عليهmuḥawwal ‘alaihi c.o.d.,
محاولةmuḥāwala pl. -āt attempt, try;
cash on delivery; محول بهcollected on
effort, endeavor;. recourse to expedients,
delivery
shifts, or dodges, dodging, hedging │
(محاولة على حياتهḥayātihī) attempt on محيلmuḥīl transferor, assignor (Isl.
s.o.’s life, murderous assault Law)
احالةiḥāla transfer, conveyance, محالmuḥāl inconceivable,
assignment; remittance; forwarding, unthinkable, impossible, absurd,
referring ( الىor علىto a competent preposterous, unattainable
authority); transmission, transmittal; O متحولmutaḥawwil changeable,
transfer (fin.); cession, assignment (Isl. variable, changing │ العياد
Law); absurdity │ بالحالة علىwith (المتحولةa‘yād) the movable feasts (Chr.)
reference to; قاضي الحالةmagistrate
sitting at defendant’s arraignment, trial محتالmuḥtāl artful, cunning, deceitful,
judge; ( احالة الى )على( المعاشma‘āš) treacherous, perfidious, fraudulent;
and ( احالة الى التقاعدtaqā‘ud) swindler, cheat, impostor, fraud; crook,
pensioning off scoundrel; assignee (Isl. Law) │ محتال
عليهdebtor of a ceded claim, transferee
تحولtaḥawwul change, (Isl. Law)
transformation, transmutation; abrupt
change, sudden turn, reversal; shift, مستحيلmustaḥīl impossible, absurd,
transition; departure, deviation, digression preposterous; مستحيلاتimpossible
( عنfrom); renunciation ( عنof) │ نقطة things, impossibilities, absurdities
التحولnuqṭat at-t. turning point ( حام )حومḥāma u (ḥaum, حومḥawamān) to
تحيلtaḥayyul use of tricks, trickery circle, hover. glide (in the air; of a bird,
218 also of an aircraft); to hover, swarm, buzz
( حولand علىaround) │ حامت الشبهة
تحايلtaḥāyul and احتيالiḥtiyāl use of ( ضدهšubha, ḍiddahū) suspicion
tricks, trickery; cunning, craft, subtlety, concentrated on him, he was suspected II
artfulness; malice, treachery, perfidy; to circle in the air; to hover in circles, to
deception, fraud circle; to go around, revolve (thoughts and
تحايليtaḥāyulī and احتياليiḥtiyālī images, in one’s head or mind); to browse
fraudulent, e.g., ( افلس احتياليiflās) ( فيin a book)
fraudulent bankruptcy حومةḥauma pl. -āt turmoil of battle,
استحالةistiḥāla change, thick of the fray; main part, bulk, main
transformation, transmutation, turn, shift, body; (tun.) quarter, section (of a city)
transition; transubstantiation (Chr.); حانand حانةsee حين
impossibility, inconceivability, absurdity,
preposterousness حانوتsee حنو
حائلḥā’il pl. حوائلḥawā’il obstacle, حوىḥawā i to gather, collect, unite ( هـs.th.);
obstruction, impediment ( دونon the way to encompass, embrace, contain, hold,
to s.th., و-- بينsee حالḥāla I); barrier; enclose, comprise, include ( هـs.th.); to
partition, screen, folding screen; -- (pl. possess, own, have ( هـs.th.); to clasp (هـ
حولḥuwwal) changeable, variable, s.th., the hand) V to curl (up), coil (up)
VIII to encompass, embrace, contain,
hold, enclose, comprise, include ( هـor of s.o.), be embarrassed ( منby); to be
علىs.th.); to possess, own, have ( هـor bashful, shy, diffident
علىs.th.) حيḥayy pl. احياءaḥyā’ living, live,
حويةḥawīya convolution, coil, curl, alive; lively, lusty, animated, active,
roll; pl. حواياḥawāyā intestine, bowels, energetic, unbroken, undaunted,
entrails undismayed; living being, organism; tribe,
tribal community; block of apartment
حوايةḥiwāya pl. -āt (eg.) wase round houses; section, quarter (of a city) │ علم
pad to support a burden on the head or on ‘ الحياءilm al-aḥyā’ biology; حي العالم
the back ‘ilm al-‘ālam houseleek tree
حاوḥāwin pl. حواةḥuwāh snake (Sempervivum arboreum L.; bot.)
charmer; juggler, conjurer, magician حيḥayya: حي على الصلةḥayya ‘alā
محتوياتmuḥtawayāt content(s) (of a ṣ-ṣalāh come to prayer!
book. of a receptacle) │محتويات النفوس حيةḥayya pl. -āt snake, serpent, viper
the innermost thoughts. the secrets of the
heart O احيائيaḥyā’ī biologic(al); (pl. -ūn)
biologist │( كيمياء احيائيةkīmiyā’) bio-
( حيو, حيي )حىḥayiya, حيḥayya يحياyaḥyā ( chemistry
حياةḥayāh) to live; حيḥayya to live to
see, experience, witness ( هـs.th.), live (هـ حييḥayīy bashful, shy, diffident,
through a time) ليحي الملكli-yaḥyā 219 modest
l-malik long live the king! حييḥayiya حياءḥayā’ shame, diffidence,
يحياyaḥyā ( حياءḥayā’) to be ashamed ( bashfulness, timidity; shyness │ قليل
منof; because of) II حياḥayyā to keep (ه الحياءshameless impudent; قلة الحياء
s.o.) alive, grant ( هs.o.) a long life; to say qillat al-ḥ. shamelessness, impudence
to s.o. ()ه: حياك اللهmay God preserve
حياةḥayāh pl. حيواتḥayawāt life;
your life!; to greet, salute ( هs.o.) IV احيا
life-blood; liveliness animation │ حياة
aḥyā to lend life ( ه, هـto s.o., to s.th.),
الريفḥ. ar-rīf country life, rural life; الحيا
enliven, animate, vitalize, endow with life,
‘( ة العامةāmma) public life; الحياة
call into being ( هـs.th.), give birth ( هـto);
العائليةfamily life; ميتوى الحياةmustawā
to revive, reanimate, revivify ( هـs.th.),
l-ḥ. living standard; O ‘ علم الحياةilm al-
give new life ( هـto); to put on, produce,
ḥ. biology
stage, arrange ( هـe.g., a theatrical
performance, a celebration, and the like); حيويḥayawī lively, full of life, vital,
to celebrate ( هـs.th., also a festival) │ احيا vigorous; vital, essential to life
( الذكرىdikrā) to commemorate (a حيويةḥayawīya vitality, vigor, vim
deceased person), observe the anniversary
(of s.o.’s death); ( احيا الليلlail) to burn حيوياتḥayawīyāt: مواد مضادة
the midnight oil, ( احيا الليل صلةṣalātan) ( للحيوياتmawādd muḍādda) antibiotics
to spend the night in prayer; احيا السهرة حيوانḥayawān pl. -āt animal, beast;
(sahrata) to perform in the evening (of an (coll.) animals, living creatures │ حيوانات
artist); ( احيا حفلةḥaflatan) to give a ( ثديةtadyīya) mammals; حيوانات مجترة
performance; to perform at a celebration (mujtarra) ruminants; حيوان طفيلي
(artist); قد احيت الفرقة ثلث ليالqad (ṭufailī) parasite; ‘ علم الحيوانilm al-ḥ.
aḥyat il-firqatu talāta layālin the theatrical zoology
troupe gave three evening performances X
استحياistaḥyā to spare s.o.’s ( )هlife, let حيوانيḥayawānī animal (adj.);
live, keep alive ( هs.o.); استحياistaḥyā, zoologic(al)
استحىistaḥā to be ashamed ( هto face حيوانيةḥayawānīya bestiality;
s.o.; منof s.th., because of s.th.); to animality, animal nature
become or feel embarrassed ( منin front
حوينḥuwayyin pl. -āt minute animal, that ..., so as to ...; so that ...; such as ...;
animalcule (he found himself) at a point or degree
where, e.g., كان من البراءة بحيث ل ترى
احيىaḥyā livelier; more vigorous,
(barā’a, tarā) = she was so naive that she
more vital
couldn't see ...; بحيث لinsofar as ... not,
تحيةtaḥīya pl. –āt, تحاياtaḥāyā provided that … not; ( بحيث انanna) in
greeting, salutation; salute; cheer (= wish such a manner that ..., so as to ..., so
that God may give s.o. long life) │ تحية that ...
لذكراهtaḥīyatan li-dikrāhu in order to
حيثماḥatumā wherever, wheresoever
keep his memory alive, in remembrance
(place); wherever, no matter where ...
of him; ‘( التحية العسكريةaskarīya)
(direction) │( حيثما اتفقittafaqa)
military salute
anywhere, wherever it was (or he),
احياءiḥyā’ animation, enlivening; revival, haphazardly, at random
revitalization, revivification; arranging,
حيثيةḥaitīya pl. -āt standpoint; view,
staging. conducting, putting on, 220
point, point of view, approach; aspect,
holding (of a celebration) │احياء الذكرى respect, regard, consideration; high social
i. ad-dikrā commemoration (of a deceased standing, social distinction, dignity; pl.
person); احياء لذكرىI (iḥyā’an) (with also: considerations, legal reasons on
foll. gen.) in commemoration of …, in which the judgment is based, opinion
memoriam ...; احياء المواتi. al-mawāt (jur.) │(( ذوو الحيثية )البارزةdawū) or
cultivation of virgin land اصحاب الحيثيات, اصحاب الحيثيةpeople of
استحياءistiḥyā’ shame; diffidence, (high) social standing, prominent people,
bashfulness, timidity; shyness people of distinction; من الحيثية الحيوانية
(ḥayawānīya) from a zoological viewpoint
محياmūḥayyan face, countenance
2
الحيثيونal-hātīyūn the Hittites
الست المستحيةas-sitt al-mustahīya
sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica; bot.) ( حاد )حيدḥāda i (ḥaid, حيودḥuyūd, حيدان
ḥayadān, محيدmaḥīd) to deviate, swerve,
1
حيثḥaitu (conj.) where (place and
depart, desist (If from); to leave, quit, give
direction); wherever; since, as, due to the
up, abandon, relinquish ( عنs.th.); حاد به
fact that; whereas; inasmuch as │حيث ان
(anna) since, as, because, due to the fact عنto dissuade or get s.o. away from ... ;
that ... ; in that ... ; حيث كانwherever it to incline, tend ( نحو, الىto, toward),
be; in any case, at any rate; الى حيثilā sbade, blend ( نحو, الىinto) II to keep
ḥaitu where (direction); to where …, to aside, put aside ( هـs.th.) III to stay away,
the place where ...; من حيثmin ḥaitu keep apart ( ه, هـfrom s.o., from s.th.); to
from where, whence, wherefrom; where avoid, shun ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) VII to depart,
(place); whereas; (with foll. nominative) deviate, digress, swerve ( عنfrom)
as to, as for, concerning, regarding, with حيدḥaid, حيدانḥayadān deviation,
respect to, in view of, because of; من digression, departure, swerving, turning
حيث الثقافةmin ḥ. taqāfatu with regard to aside, turning away
education, as far as education is
concerned; ( من حيث يدري ول يدريyadrī حيدةḥaida deviation, digression,
wa-lā yadrī) whether he knows it or not, swerving, departure (from a course);
knowingly or without his knowledge; من neutrality; impartiality │ على حيدةaside,
apart, to one side
( حيث لاwith foll. perf.) without (being,
doing, etc.); من حيث هوsuch, in itself, محيدmaḥīd avoidance ( عنof s.th.) │ل
‘( العالم من حيث هوālam) the world in ( محيدmaḥīda) it is unavoidable
itself, the world as such; من حيث ان حايدḥiyād neutrality (pol.) │ على
(anna) inasmuch as; in view of the fact
الحيادneutral; ( حياد عن الخطkaṭṭ)
that; since, as, due to the fact that; بحيث derailment (railroad) 221
bi-ḥaitu inasmuch as; in such a manner
حياديḥiyādī neutral (pol.) (amrihī) confused, baffled, bewildered,
embarrassed, at a loss, helpless
محايدةmuḥāyada neutrality (pol.)
محيرmuḥayyar embarrassed, at a loss,
حائدḥā’id neutral (pol.) helpless
محايدmuḥāyid neutral (pol.); المحايدو محيرmuḥayyir and محتارmuḥtār = حائر
نthe neutrals (pol.)
حيزsee حوز
متحايدmutaḥāyid neutral (pol.)
حيزبونsee حزب
حيدرابادḥaidarābād2 Hydarabad
( حاص )حيصḥāṣa i (ḥaiṣ, حيصةḥaiṣa, محيص
( حار )حيرḥāra (1st pers. perf. )حرتa (حيرة maḥīṣ) to flee, escape ( عنs.th. or from
ḥaira, حيرانḥayarān) to become s.th.), run away ( عنfrom), turn one’s
confused; to become or be helpless, be at
back ( عنon) VII do.
a loss, know nothing ( فيof, about); to
waver, hesitate, be unable to choose ( بين حيصḥaiṣ, حيصةḥaiṣa flight, escape
وبين-- between - and) │حار في امره وقع في حيص بيصwaqa‘a fī ḥaiṣa
(amrihi) to be confused. baffled, baiṣa to get into a bad fix, meet with
bewildered, dismayed to be at a loss, be at difficulties
one’s wit’s end II to confuse, baffle,
bewilder, nonplus, embarrass ( هs.o.) V to حياصةsee حوص
become confused; to be or become محيصmaḥīṣ flight, escape; place of
dismayed, startled, baffled, perplexed (في refuge, retreat, sanctuary │ما عنه محيص
by), be at a loss ( فيto); to waver it is unavoidable; لم يكن لهم من محيص
(uncertainly) ( بينbetween) │ تحير في they couldn’t but ..., they had no other
( امرهamrihi) to be confused, baffled, alternative but to ...
bewildered, disconcerted, be at a loss, be
at one’s wit’s end VIII = V ( حاضت )حيضḥāḍat i (ḥaiḍ, محيضmaḥīḍ, م
حاضmaḥāḍ) and V to menstruate, have a
حيرḥair fenced-in garden, enclosure │ monthly period
حير الحيوانḥ. al-ḥayawān zoological
garden, zoo حيضḥaiḍ (n. un. )حيضةand حياض
ḥiyāḍ menstruation, monthly period
حيرةḥaira confusion, perplexity,
bewilderment, embarrassment, حائضḥā’iḍ (f.) and حائضة
menstruating
helplessness في حيرةembarrassed, at a
loss, helpless حياط, حيطان, حياطة, حيطةsee حوط
حيرانḥairān2, f. حيرىḥairā, pl. حيار 1
( حاف )حيفḥāfa i (ḥaif) to deal unjustly (
ىḥayārā, ḥuyārā confused, perplexed, علىwith s.o.), wrong, injure, harm (على
startled, dismayed, disconcerted, baffled, s.o.); to restrict, limit, curtail, impair (على
Nonplused, bewildered, appalled, taken s.th.), encroach ( علىupon) V to 222
aback, stunned; embarrassed, at a loss, at impair, injure, prejudice, violate ( هـor من
one’s wit’s end; uncertain, helpless, s.th.), encroach, infringe ( هـor منupon)
sheepish (smile, etc.), confused,
incoherent (words, and the like) حيفḥaif wrong, injustice; harm,
damage, prejudice │ حيف عليهwhat a
تحيرtaḥayyur confusion, perplexity, pity! too bad! ( ل حيف بهḥaifa) it is not
bewilderment, dismay; embarrassment, out of place, it is quite appropriate
helplessness
2
حيفاءḥaifā’ Haifa (seaport in NW Israel)
حائرḥā’ir disconcerted, perplexed,
startled. dismayed; embarrassed, helpless, ( حاق )حيقḥāqa i to surround, beset from all
at a lost, at one’s wit’s end; baffled, sides ( بs.o.); to fall, descend, come (ب
bewildered, confused, uncertain (في upon s.o., punishment), befall, overtake,
about); straying, astray │حائر في امره grip, seize, overcome ( بs.o.), happen,
occur ( بto); to penetrate, pierce ( فيthe time, at times; في اغلب الحيانfī aglabi
body; of a sword); to affect, influence (في l-a. mostly, most of the time, in most
s.o., s.th.) IV to surround, beset from all cases; الى حينfor some time; meanwhile,
sides ( بs.o.); to bring down ( هـ بupon for the time being; في حينهthen, at the
s.o. s.th.), cause s.th. ( )هـto descend (هـ ب time, in his (its) time; in due time, at the
upon s.o.) appointed time; ذا الحينdā l-ḥīna just
now, right now; من ذلك الحينfrom that
حيقḥaiq consequence, effect (of a
misdeed redounding upon the evildoer) time on, from then on; الى ذلك الحينuntil
that time, till then; ( في حينwith foll.
حيكII to weave verb) whereas; في حين انand على حين
حياكةsee حوك ( انḥīni) at the same time when ..., while;
whereas, also without ان, e.g., على حين
حيكḥaik = حائكsee حوك
‘ هم يزعمونalā ḥīni hum yaz‘umūna
1
حيلV, حيلولة, حيال, احيل,حيلة, etc., see حو whereas they, on the other hand, claim;
ل; احيليsee حلو حينا بعد, بين حين وحين,من حين الى حين
من حين لخر,( حينli-ākara) and بين حين
2
حايلḥāyil2 Hail (town and oasis in N Nejd)
( ولخرwa-ākara) from time to time, now
( حان )حينḥāna i to draw near, approach, and then, once in a while
come, arrive (time); to happen
حينئذḥīna’idin at that time, then, that
accidentally │ حان الوقتthe (right) time
day
has come; now is the time; حان له الوقت
the time has come for him to …; اما حان حينذاكḥīnadāka at that time, then, that
( لهم ان يفهمواamā, an yafhamū) haven’t day
they understood yet ...?; حانت مني التفاتة حينماḥīnamā (conj.) while; when, as
(minnī iltifāta) I happened to turn around (
الىto), it just happened that my eyes fell حيوي, حيوانand حيويةsee 223 حي
on ( )الىII to set a time ( هfor s.o.) IV to
destroy, wipe out ( هs.o.) V to watch, wait
خ
( هـfur a time or an opportunity) │ تحين خاءḳā’ name of the letter خ
( الفرصةfurṣata) to wait for an
خاتونḳātūn pl. خواتينḳawātīn2 lady, socially
opportunity, bide one's time X استحين
prominent woman│ زهرة الخاتونzahrat
istaḥyana to wait for the right time
al-ḳ. little blue flower of the steppe (syr.)
حانḥān bar; cabaret
خاخامḳāḳām (= )حاخامrabbi
حانةḥāna pl. -āt bar, wineshop, wine
خارصينḳāriṣīn and خارصينىḳāriṣīnī (eg.)
tavern; pub, tavern, taproom
zinc
حينḥain death, destruction
خازوقḳāzūq pl. خوازيقḳawāzīq2 post, stake,
حينḥīn pl. احيانaḥyān, احايين pole; dirty trick│ هذا خازوقthat’s tough
aḥāyīn2 time; propitious time, good time, luck!
opportunity; ḥīna (prep.) at the time of ...,
خاقانḳāqān pl. خواقينḳawāqīn2 overlord,
at, upon; (conj.) at the time when, when;
ruler, sovereign, monarch, emperor
as soon as; حيناḥīnan for some time; once,
one day; احياناaḥyānan occasionally, from خاكىḳākī earth-colored, khaki
time to time, sometimes │ حينا-- حينا خؤولة, خؤولsee خول
sometimes -- sometimes, at times -- at
times; في الحايينat times, sometimes, خامḳām raw, unworked, unprocessed;
once in a while; في بعض الحيان untanned; linen; calico; (pl. -āt) raw
( )الحايينfī ba‘ḍi l-a. and بعض الحيان material; inexperienced, green, untrained,
ba‘ḍa l-a. sometimes, occasionally, now unskilled, artless, uncouth, boorish; pl.
and then, once in a while, from time to خاماتraw materials│ جلود خامraw
leather; خيوط خامraw fibers; زيت خام
(zait) crude oil; ( سكر خامsukkar) raw خبثḳubt badness, wickedness;
sugar; ( المواد الخامmawādd) the raw malignancy (e.g., of a disease); malice,
materials malevolence, viciousness
خانḳān pl. -āt hostel, caravansary; inn, pub, خبثḳabat refuse, scum, dross, slag
tavern│( الخان الخليلىḳalīlī) district of خبيثḳabīt pl. خبثḳubut, خبثاءḳubatā’2,
Cairo (center of art trade and market اخباثaḳbāt, خبثةḳabata bad, evil, wicked;
activity); خان يونسKhan Yunis (town in malicious, vicious, spiteful; noxious,
Gaza sector) injurious, harmful; malignant (disease);
خانةpl. -at column (e.g., of a offensive, repulsive, nauseating,
newspaper); square (e.g., on a chessboard) disgusting (odor)
اخبثaḳbat worse; more wicked
خبḳabba u (ḳabb, خببḳabab, خبيبḳabīb)
to amble (animal); to trot (horse); to jog, خباثةḳabāta badness wickedness;
saunter (person), to sink ( فىin sand); -- u malice, malevolence, viciousness,
(ḳabb) to surge, heave, be rough (sea) V malignancy
and VIII to amble (animal); to trot (horse) خبرḳabara u (ḳubr, خبرةḳibra) to try, test (هـ
خببḳabab amble; trot s.th.); to experience ( هـs.th.); to have
tried, have experienced, know by
خبḳabb, ḳibb heaving, surging (of the
experience ( هـs.th.); to get to know
sea, rough sea
thoroughly, know well ( هـs.th., هs.o.);
خبḳabb impostor. swindler ḳabura u to know thoroughly ( بor هـ
خبḳaba’a a and II to bide, conceal ( هـs.th) V s.th.), be fully acquainted ( بor هـwith
to hide, conceal o.s.; to be hidden, be s.th.) II to notify, advise, apprise, inform,
concealed VIII to hide, conceal o.s.; to tell ( هs.o., بof or about) III to write ( هto
disappear; to be hidden, be concealed s.o.). address ( هs.o.), turn, appeal ( هto
s.o.), contact ( هs.o.) in writing; to
خبءḳib’ that which is hidden, a hidden thing negotiate, treat, parley ( هwith s.o.) IV to
خبيئةḳabī’a pl. خباياḳabāyā that which is notify, inform, apprise, advise ( ب هs.o. of),
hidden; a hidden, secret thing; a cache│ let know, tell ( ب هs.o. about); to
خبايا الَرضḳ. l-arḍ that which is hidden in communicate, report, relate ( ب هto s.o.
the earth; natural resources s.th.), tell ( ب هs.o. s.th.) V to inquire ( هof
s.o.), ask ( هs.o.) VI to inform one another,
مَخبأmaḳba’ pl. مَخابئmaḳābi’2 hiding place; notify one another; keep one another
hide-out, refuge, haunt, retreat; cellar, informed; to correspond, write each other;
shelter, air-raid shelter to negotiate, treat, parley ( مَعwith s.o., في
خباءḳibā’ pl. اخبئةaḳbi’a, اخبيةaḳbiya tent; about) VIII to explore ( هـs.th.), search (هـ
husk, hull (of grain) into), seek information ( هـabout); to test,
examine ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to try, put to the
خابئةḳābi’a, خابيةḳāiya pl. خوابئḳawābī’2, خواب test ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to have tried, have
ḳawābin large vessel, cask, jar experienced, know by experience (هـ
مَخبآتmuḳabba’āt hidden, secret things; s.th.); to know well ( هـs.th.) X to inquire (
secrets عن هof s.o. about), ask ( عن هs.o. about)
مَختبئmuḳtabi’ hidden, concealed خبرḳabar pl. اخبارaḳbār news;
information, intelligence: report,
خبتIV to be humble ( الىbefore God(
communication, message; notification;
خبثḳabuta u (ḳubt, )خباثةto be bad; to be rumor; story; matter, affair; (gram.)
wicked, evil, malicious, vicious, predicate of a nominal clause; pl. annals │
malignant VI to behave viciously, display سأله عن أخبارهto inquire of s.o. about s.o.
malice; to feel awkward, feel embarrassed else; كان في خبر كانor دخل في خبر كان
(ḳabari kana) to belong to the past, be
passé, be no longer existent
خبرةḳibra, خبرḳubr experience; استختبارistikbàr pl. -āt inquiry │ دائرة
knowledge الَستختباراتinformation bureau
خبيرkabīr experienced, expert ( بin); مَخبرmukbir pl. -ūn reporter; detective
familiar, conversant, well-acquainted (ب مَختبرmuktabar pl. -āt laboratory
with), cognizant ( بof); الخبيرthe Knowing
(one of the attributes of God); (pl. خبراء خبزkabaza i (kabz) to bake ( هـbread) VIII do.
kubarā’2) expert, specialist │ خبير خبزkubz pl. اخبازakbāz bread
الضرائبtax expert, tax adviser
خبزةkubza loaf of bread
خابورkābūr pl. خوابيرkawābīr2 peg; pin;
wedge خبازkubza pl. -ūn, خبازةbaker
مَخبرmakbar sense, intrinsic خبازkubbaz, خبيزkubbaiz, خبازى
significance; (pl: مَخابرmakābir2) kubbazā mallow (bot.)
laboratory خبازةkibāza baker’s trade, art of baking
2
مَخبارmikbār pl. مَخابيرmakābīr test مَخبزmakbaz, مَخبزةpl. مَخابزmakābiz2
tube (chem.) bakery
مَخابرةmukābara pl. -āt correspondence, خبصkabaṣa i (kabṣ) to mix, mingle, intermix
(esp. written) information (in classified ( ب هـs.th. with) II to mix, mingle,
ads: المخابرة بplease write to ..., please intermix ( هـs.th.); to muddle, jumble,
contact ...), notice, notification, confuse ( هـs.th.), make a mess ( هـof)
communication │ مَخابرة تلفونيةtelephone
call, telephone conversation; مَخابرة خارجية خبيصkabīl, خبيصةmedley, mess,
(kārijīya) long-distance call; مَخابرة سرية mishmash, hodgepodge; خبصةa jellylike
(sirriya) secret communiqué; قلو المخابرات sweet
qalam al-m. intelligence bureau; المخابرة خباصkabbāṣ one who causes
( حضورياḥuḍūrīyan) apply in person (in confusion, who messes things up; an
classified ads) irresponsible, light-minded person
اخبارikbār notification, information, خبطkabaṭa i (kabṭ) to beat, strike ( هـs.th.,
communication, note, message; report; against s.th.); to knock, rap ( هـon, البابon
indirect discourse, oratio obliqua (gram.) the door); to stamp ( الَرضthe ground; of
اخباريikbārī news-, information- (in animals) │ ( يخبط خبط عشواءkabṭa ‘ašwā’)
compounds) he acts haphazardly, he proceeds rashly or
at random V to beat, strike, hit ( هs.o.); to
تخابرtakābur negotiation; bring down, fell, knock out, throw to the
correspondence ground ( هs.o.); to bump, hit ( هـagainst),
اختبارiktibār pl. -āt exploration, study; collide ( هـwith), stumble ( هـover); to be
examination; test; test item (of an lost, wander about, stray; to grope about,
examination); trial, testing; (scientific) fumble about; to struggle, resist; to clatter
investigation, research, experiment; over the ground, gallop (horse) VIII to
experience, empirical knowledge; bump (against); to struggle, resist; to
practical experience │اختبارات تحريرية grope about, fumble about; to be lost,
(taḥrīrīya) written examination items; wander around, stray; to stir, bustle
225 ( اختبار ذاتيdātī) personal experience; خبطةkabta blow, stroke; rap, knock;
على سبيل الَختبارexperimentally; تحت الَختبار noise, din, uproar
on probation, on trial; حقول الَختبار
experimental fields خباطkubāṭ insanity, madness, mental
disorder
اختباريiktibārī experimental;
experiential; empirical خبلkabala u (kabl) to confound, confuse,
mess up, complicate ( هـs.th.); to hinder,
اختباريةihtibārīya empiricism impede, handicap, stop, hold back ( هs.o.);
to befuddle ( هs.o.), confuse s.o.’s ( )هmind,
rob ( هs.o.) of his senses make ( هs.o.) ختمkatama i (katm, ختامkitām) to seal, provide
crazy; -- kabila a (kabal, خبالkabal) to get with a seal or signet ( هـs.th.); to stamp,
confused; to be or become mentally impress with a stamp ( هـs.th.); to seal off,
disturbed, crazy, insane II to confound, close, make impervious or inaccessible (هـ
confuse ( هـs.th., هs.o.); to complicate, s.th.; also علىthe hearts, said of God); to
entangle, mess up, muddle, throw into put one’s seal ( هـon), conclude, terminate
disorder ( هـs.th.); to rob of his senses, ( هـs.th.); to wind up, finish, complete (هـ
drive insane ( هs.o.) VIII to become s.th.); to close, heal, cicatrize (wound) V
muddled, disordered (mind) to put on or wear a ring (تختم بالذهب │ )ب
(dahab) to wear a golden ring VIII to
خبلkabl, kabal confusion; mental
conclude, finish, terminate, wind up (هـ
disorder, insanity
s.th.)
خبلkabil mad, crazy, insane;
ختمkatm sealing; -- (pl. اختامaktām, ختوم
feebleminded, dim-witted
kutūm) seal, signet, seal imprint; stamp,
اخبلakbal 2 mad, crazy, insane; feeble- stamp imprint; also = ( ختمةsee below) │
minded, dim-witted ختم البريدpostmark, (postal) cancellation
اختبالiktibāl mental disorder stamp; شمع الختمšam‘ al-k. sealing wax
خردقkurdaq, kurduq small shot, buckshot خرطkarṭ pulling-off (of leaves); دون ذلك
خرط القتادsee دونturning, turnery
خردلkardal (coll.; n. un. )ةmustard seeds;
mustard خراطkarrāṭ pl. -ūn turner, lather;
braggart, bluffer, storyteller
خرزkaraza I u to pierce, bore ( هـs.th.)
خراطةkirāṭa turner’s trade, turnery, art
خرزkaraz (coll.; n. un. )ةpearls of turning
مَخرزmikraz pl. مَخارزmakāriz2 awl; خراطةkarrāta skirt (syr.)
punch
خريطةkarīṭa pl. خرائطkarā’iṭ, خرط
مَخرازmikrāz awl; punch kuruṭ map, chart
مَخرطةmikraṭa, makraṭa pl. مَخارط خرافيkurāfī fabulous, fictitious,
makāriṭ2 lathe legendary
خارطةkāriṭa pl. -āt map, chart مَخرفةmakrafa prattle, drivel, twaddle,
bosh
مَخروطmakrūṭ cone (math.); conic 234
تخريفtakrīf folly, delusion; foolish
مَخروطيmakrūṭī conic
talk, drivel, twaddle, bosh, buncombe
خرطوشkarṭūš, خرطوشةkarṭūša pl. خراطيش
مَخرفmukarrif childish, foolish; (pl.
karāṭīš 2 cartridge; lead (of a pencil);
-ūn) prattler, chatterbox, windbag;
cartouche (arch.); daybook
charlatan
خرطالkarṭāl oats
خرفشkartaša to shuffle, mix ( هـs.th.)
خرطومkarṭūm pl. خراطيمkarāṭīm2 proboscis,
خرفوشةkarfūša pl. خرافيشkarāfīš2 card
trunk (of the elephant); hose
of low value, discard (in card playing)
الخرطومal-karṭūm Khartoum (capital of
خرقkaraqa I u (karq) to tear, rend, tear apart (
the Sudanese Republic)
هـs.th.); to make a hole ( هـin); to
خراطينkarāṭīn2 a kind of earthworm perforate, pierce, bore ( هـs.th.); to
خراطينيkarāṭīnī wormlike, vermiform penetrate ( هـs.th.), break, pass ( هـthrough
s.th.); to traverse, cross, transit ( هـs.th., a
خرطيطkarṭīṭ rhinoceros country); to violate, impair, infringe (هـ
خرعkaru‘a u (kur‘, خراعةkurā‘a) and kari‘a a s.th.), encroach ( هـupon); to break ( هـa
(kara‘) to droop, be or become slack, vow, and the like), commit a breach of (
limp, flabby; to be or become languid, ;)هـto exceed the ordinary, be unusual,
soft, spineless, yielding VII do. VIII to extraordinary, unprecedented, unheard-of
invent, devise, contrive ( هـs.th.); to create. │ خرق العادةto go beyond what is ordinary
originate ( هـs.th.) or customary IV to lurk, lie in wait V and
VII to be torn, be rent, be pierced, be
خرعkari‘ and خريعkarī‘ soft, languid, broken VIII to pierce ( هـs.th.); to cut,
yielding, spineless, devoid of energy, break, pass' ( هـthrough s.th.), penetrate (هـ
nerveless s.th.); to traverse, cross, transit ( هـs.th.),
خروعkirwa‘ castor-oil plant, palma travel through s.th. ( ;)هـto exceed ( هـe.g.,
Christi (Ricinus communis; bot.) a limit), go beyond s.th. (اخترق مَسامَعه│ )هـ
(masāmi‘ahū) to shrill in s.o.’s ears
اختراعiktirā‘ pl. -āt invention
خرقkarq tearing, rending, laceration; piercing,
مَخترعmuktari‘ pl. -ūn inventor
boring, perforation; penetration;
مَخترعmuktara‘ pl. -at invention disruption; breakthrough; traversion,
خرفkarifa a (karaf) to dote, be senile and crossing, transit; violation, breach; (pl. خر
feeble-minded; to drivel, talk foolishly وقkurūq) hole, aperture, opening │ خرق
المَن مَن العامk. al-amn al-‘āmm violation of
خرفkaraf feeble-mindedness, dotage, public security; خرق العادةoffense against
senility; childishness (of an old man) common usage, violation of mores; اتسع
خرفkarif and خرفانkarfān feeble- ( الخرق على الراقعittasa‘a) the rent is beyond
minded, doting; childish; dotard repair 235
خريفkarīf autumn, fall خرقkurq and خرقةkurqa awkwardness,
clumsiness; stupidity │ ( خرق في الرأيra’y)
خريفيkarīfī autumnal stupidity; folly, madness; مَن الخرق في الرأي
خروفkarūf pl. خرافkirāf, اخرفةakrifa, ان... it would be very unwise to ...
خرفانkirfān young sheep, lamb, yearling; خرقةkirqa pl. خرقkiraq tatter, shred;
wether rag; scrap (of paper); polishing cloth;
خرافةkurāfa pl. -āt superstition; fable, eraser (cloth)
fairy tale
اخرقakraq2 f. خرقاءkarqā’2, pl. خرق خرمَاشةkurmāša pl. -āt (ir.) harrow
kurq clumsy, awkward; stupid; irregular; خرنوبkurnūb carob, locust; carob bean, locust
illegal, illicit, unlawful pod, St.-John’s-bread
مَخرقةmakraqa trickery, sleight of hand, خرنقkirniq pl. خرانقkarāniq2 young hare,
legerdemain, hocus-pocus, swindle leveret
مَخارقmakāriq2 a kind of pastry (tun.) خروعkirwa‘ castor-oil plant, palma Christi
اختراقiktirāq penetration; piercing, (Ricinus communis; bot.)
disruption; traversion, crossing, transit 1
خزkazza u to pierce, transfix ( هs.o.); to stab (
خارقkāriq and ( للعادةor) خارق العادة هs.o., بwith) VIII to pierce, transfix (ه
exceeding the customary, unusual, s.o., بwith)
extraordinary, unprecedented, unheard-of; 2
خزpl. خزوزkuzūz silk fabric
pl. خوارقkawāriq2 preternatural
1
phenomena. miracles; that which خزرkazara uto look askance ( هat s.o.), give
transcends the conceivable or the rational s.o. ( )هa sidelong glance
│ خارق الطبيعةsupernatural; خوارق المصادفات 2
بحر الخزرbaḥr al-kazar the Caspian Sea
k. al-muṣādafāt miraculous coincidences
خيزرانkaizurān pl. خيازرkayāzir2 cane, reed;
مَخترقmuktaraq passage, passageway rattan; bamboo
خرمkarama i (karm) and II to pierce ( هـs.th.), خيزرانةkaizurāna cane, stick
make a hole or holes ( هـin); to perforate (
هـs.th.) VII to be pierced, be riddled, be خزعkaza‘a a (kaz‘) to cut, sever ( هـs.th.)
torn; to be deranged, unsettled, خزعبلkuza‘bal idle talk, bosh
disorganized; to come to an end, run out,
peter out, get lost VIII to destroy, خزعبلkuza‘bala pl. -āt idle talk, bosh; joke,
annihilate ( هs.o.); to carry off, carry away jest, hoax; fib, yarn; cock and bull story
( هs.o., of death); to break ( الصفوفthe 236
ranks), pass through s.th. ()هـ خزفkazaf pottery, earthenware; porcelain,
خرمkarm pl. خرومkurūm gap, blank china; ceramics
(e.g., in a manuscript, or the like) خزفيkazafī (made of) porcelain;
خرمkurm hole │ خرم الَبرةk. al-ibra eye porcelaneous, porcelain, china (adj.)
of the needle خزافkazzāf dealer in chinaware; potter
خرامَةkarāma drill, bit, auger, gimlet; خزافةkizāfa potter’s trade, pottery
punch, perforator
خزقkazaqa i to pierce, stab, transfix ( ه, هـs.o.,
خرمakram2 having a perforated nasal s.th.); to drive, ram هـ في الرضs.th. into
septum the ground); to tear, rend, rip apart (هـ
تخريمtakrīm piercing, boring, drilling; s.th.) II to tear, rend, rip apart ( هـs.th.) V
perforation; punching; lace-making, lace- and VII pass of I and II
work خزقkazq rip, rent, tear, hole (in a garment)
تخريمةtakrīma lace, lace-work, خازوقkāzūq pl. خوازقkawāziq2 post, stake,
openwork, filigree pole; dirty trick │ هذا خازوقthat’s tough
انخرامinkirām state of unsettlement, luck!
disturbance, disorganization, derangement 2
خوزقlook up alphabetically
│( انخرام في التوازنtawāzun) disturbance of
خزلkazala i (kazl) to cut off, sever ( هـs.th.); to
equilibrium
hinder, prevent, hold back, restrain, keep (
مَخرومmakrūm defective, incomplete هs.o., عنfrom) VIII to cut off, cut short,
(e.g., a manuscript) end abruptly ( هـs.th.); to shorten, abridge,
مَخرمmukarram perforated; done in abbreviate ( هـs.th.); to stand alone ( بwith
openwork, in filigree an opinion)
اختزالiktizāl abridgment, abbreviation; مَخزنmakzan pl. مَخازنmakāzin2
shorthand, stenography storeroom, storehouse; depository; stock-
room, storage room; depot, magazine,
مَختزلmuktazil stenographer
warehouse; store, shop, department store;
خزمkazama i (kazm) to string, thread (هـ المخزنal-makzan the Makhzan, the
pearls) │ ( خزم انفهanfahū) to pierce the Moroccan government (formerly:
nasal septum (of a camel) and insert the govemmental finance department; Mor.)
nose ring for the bridle; to make s.o. │ مَخزن ادويةm. adwiya drugstore; مَخزن
subservient to one’s will الَصدارm. al-iṣdār shipping room (com.);
خزامkizām, خزامَةkizāma pl. خزائم مَخزن العفشm. al-‘afš trunk (of an
kazā’im2 nose ring automobile) 237
خطءkiṭ’ slip, lapse, fault, offense, sin خطبةkuṭba pl. خطبkuṭab public
address; speech; lecture, discourse;
خطأkaṭa’ and خطاءkaṭā’ error; mistake, oration; sermon, specif., Muslim Friday
incorrectness; offense, fault; kaṭa’an sermon, khutbah │ خطبة الَفتتاحopening
erroneously, by mistake │ مَن الخطأ ان...it is address
(would be) wrong to …; اصلح الخطأiṣlāḥ
al-k. corrigenda, errata, list of corrections; خطابkiṭāb pl. -āt, اخطبةakṭiba public
قتل الخطأqatl al-k. accidental homicide address, speech; oration; letter, note,
(jur.) message │ خطاب ترحيبwelcoming
address; خطاب العرشk. al-‘arš speech from
خطيئةkaṭī’a pl. -āt, خطاياkaṭāyā the throne; ( خطاب مَستعجلmusta‘jil)
mistake, blunder; slip, lapse; fault, express letter, special-delivery letter; خطاب
offense; crime, sin; fine (tun.) تقدمَةtaqdima letter of introduction; O خطابا
خاطئkāṭi’ wrong, incorrect, erroneous; ( ت ذات القيمة المقررةdāt al-qīma al-
mistaken, at fault; (pl. خطاةkuṭāh, actually, muqarrara) (= lettres avec valeur
pl. of colloq. kāṭī), f. خاطئةkāṭi’a pl. خواطئ declarée) registered, insured letters (eg.);
kawāṭ’2 sinner فصل الخطابfaṣl al-k. (in letters:)
conclusion of the formal greetings by the
مَخطئmukṭi’ mistaken, at fault, wrong; words امَا بعدamma ba‘du; conclusion,
incorrect, wrong, erroneous termination, end; decision; unmistakable
judgment; بيني وبينك فصل الخطابwe’re incur the danger, run the risk ( بof), risk (
through with one another once and for all بs.th.); to bet, wager ( هs.o., علىa stake)
IV to notify, inform ( هs.o.), let ( هs.o.)
خطابيkiṭābī oratorical, rhetorical,
know ( بabout s.th.); to warn, caution (ه
speech-, lecturing (in compounds)
s.o.) V to walk with a lofty, proud gait; to
خطيبkaṭīb pl. خطباءkuṭabā’ (public) stride, strut (with a swinging gait); to
speaker; orator; lecturer; preacher, khatib; pendulate, oscillate, vibrate VI to make a
suitor (for the hand of a girl); fiancé bet ( علىagainst stake)
خطيبةkaṭība fiancée خطرkaṭar weightiness,
خطابةkaṭāba preaching, sermonizing, momentousness; importance,
oratory consequence, significance; seriousness,
gravity; -- (pl. -āt, اخطارakṭār) danger,
خطابةkiṭāba rhetoric, oratory; speech, peril, menace ( علىto); riskiness,
lecture, discourse dangerousness; risk; hazard; (pl. خطار
خطوبةkūṭūba courtship; betrothal, kiṭār) stake, bet, wager │ جليل الخطرof very
engagement great importance, momentous; ذو خطر
dangerous, perilous; مَعرض للخطر
مَخاطبةmukāṭaba pl. -āt address; public (mu‘arraḍ) endangered, jeopardized; اشارة
address, speech; proclamation; الخطرišārat al-k. alarm signal
conversation, talk; conference, parley │مَخ
اطبة تليفونيةtelephone conversation, خطرkaṭir dangerous, perilous, risky,
telephone call hazardous; serious, grave, weighty,
important, significant
تختطبtakāṭub conversation; talk,
discussion; (inter)communication (also, خطرkaṭara pl. kaṭarāt pompous walk,
e.g., telephonic, by radio, etc.) │لغة التخطاب strut; swinging gait; idea, thought, notion
lugat it-takāṭub colloquial language خطارkaṭṭār pendulum (phys.)
2
خاطبkāṭib pl. خطباءkuṭabā’ , خطاkuṭṭāb خطيرkaṭīr pl. خطرkuṭr weighty,
suitor; matchmaker momentous; important, significant; grave,
خاطبةkāṭiba pl. خطابkuṭṭāb woman serious │ خطير الشأنof great importance
matchmaker خطورةkuṭūra weight(iness),
مَخطوبةmakṭūba fiancée importance, moment(ousness);
consequence, significance; gravity,
مَخاطبmukāṭab addressed, spoken to; seriousness
(gram.) second person
خطرانkaṭarān swinging, oscillation,
اخطبوطlook up alphabetically vibration
خطرkaṭara i ( خطرانkaṭarān) to swing, wave, اخطرakṭar2 more dangerous, riskier;
brandish ( بs.th.); to shake, tremble, weightier, of greater consequence; more
vibrate; to walk with a (proud) swinging serious, graver
gait; to strut, parade haughtily; -- i u (خطور
kuṭūr) to occur ( لto s.o.), come 246 to مَخطرةlook up alphabetically
s.o.’s ( )لmind │ ( خطر على بالهbālihī) the مَخاطرmakāṭir2 dangers, perils
matter came to his mind, occurred to him,
he recalled the matter (also في بالهand بباله مَخاطرةmukāṭara pl. -āt venture, risk,
or. خطر له خاطر ;)على بالهhe had an idea; امَر hazard
( لم يخطر ببالlam yakṭur bi-bālin) an اخطارikṭār notification, information;
unexpected matter, s.th. one wouldn’t warning
dram of; -- kaṭura u ( خطورةkuṭūra) to be
خاطرkāṭir pl. خواطرkawāṭir2 ideas,
weighty; to be important, significant; to be
thought, notion; mind; desire, inclination,
grave, serious, momentous, dangerous,
liking │( لجل خاطركli-ajl) for your sake;
perilous, risky, hazardous III to risk,
مَن كل خاطرmin'n kulli kāṭirin with all
hazard, stake ( بs.th. بنفسهone’s life); to
one’s heart, most gladly; ‘ عن طيبة خاطرan
ṭībati kāṭirin gladly, with pleasure; of خاطفkāṭif pl. خواطفkawāṭif2 ravenous;
one’s own free will, voluntarily; على rapacious; rapid, prompt; quick, sudden;
خاطركas you like; اخذ بخاطرهto afford lightninglike; fleeting; short, brief │ ذئاب
satisfaction to s.o., to comfort, reassure خاطفةravenous wolves; ( صورة خاطفةṣūra)
s.o.; اخذ على خاطر مَنto feel offended by, to snapshot; ( حرب خاطفةḥarb) Blitzkrieg
take offense at; صدع خاطرهṣadda‘a خطلkaṭila a (kaṭal) to talk nonsense IV do. V
kāṭirahū to trouble, bother s.o.; طمن to strut, walk with a pompous gait; to
( الخواطرṭammana) to calm the excitement; walk with a proud, swinging gait
( مَر بخاطره انmarra) the thought crossed
his mind that ...; ( اكرامَا لخاطركikrāman) خطلkaṭal idle talk, prattle
for your sake, to please you; سرعة الخاطر خطلkaṭil garrulous, chattering, given to
sur‘at al-k. presence of mind; سريع الخاطر silly talk; stupid, foolish
quick-witted
خطمkaṭm nose, snout, muzzle (of an animal);
مَخاطرmukāṭir one who risks s.th., who front part (nose and mouth); foremost or
takes a chance; daring, bold, venturesome first part; important matter │اطل مَخطمة
مَخطرmukṭir dangerous, perilous, risky, (aṭalla) approx.: to manifest its force, set
hazardous in (e.g., of a disaster)
خطرفkaṭrafa (eg.) to be delirious,. to rave, to خطميkiṭmī, kaṭmī (coll.; n. un. )ةmarsh
talk irrationally mallow (Althaea officinalis; bot.)
خطرفةkaṭrafa delirium, raving خطامkiṭām pl. kuṭum noseband, halter (of a
camel)
خطفkaṭifa a, kaṭafa i (kaṭf) to snatch, wrench
or wrest away, seize, grab ( هـs.th.); to ( خطا )خطوkaṭā u (kaṭw) to step, pace, walk; to
make off ( هـwith s.th.); to abduct, kidnap ( proceed, advance, progress │ خطا خطوات
هs.o.); to dazzle (247 البصرal-baṣara the ( واسعةkaṭawātin) to take large strides, also
eyes) V to carry away, sweep away (. s.o.) fig. = to make extraordinary progress II
VI to snatch or seize ( هـs.th.) from one and V to overstep, transgress ( هـs.th.), to
another VII to be snatched away, be cross ( هـs.th.), go or walk through s.th. (
wrested away; to be carried away, be ;)هـto ford ( هـa river); to leave its banks,
swept away VIII to grab, seize, take overflow (river); to cross, traverse (البحار
forcibly ( هـs.th.); to snatch, wrest, wrench the seas); to omit, disregard, ignore, pass
( مَن هـs.th. from s.o.); to abduct, kidnap (ه by ( هso.); to go beyond s.th. ( ;)هـto extend
s.o.); to run away, elope ( هاwith a ( الىto); to exceed, transcend ( هـs.th.); to
woman); to make off ( هـwith s.th.); to excel, surpass, outstrip, outdo ( هs.o.); to
dazzle ( البصرal-baṣara the eyes) proceed, pass ( هـthrough s.th., الىto),
leave s.th. ( )هـbehind and turn to s.th. else
خطفkaṭf grabbing, forcible seizure, ( ;)الىto disregard ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) in order
rape; abduction, kidnapping; خطفاkaṭfan to turn one’s attention to (تخطى به الى │ )الى
rapidly, quickly ( الَمَامilā l-amāmi) to promote, advance
خطفةkaṭfa pl. kaṭafāt (n. vic.) a s.th. VII to step, pace, walk; to proceed,
snatching away, a grab; sudden stirring, advance, progress
flash │( في خطفة البرقbarq) instantly, in a خطوةkaṭwa pl. kaṭawāt and kuṭwa pl.
trice, like a streak of lightning; خطفة مَن kuṭwāt, kuṭuwāt, خطىkuṭan step, pace,
خطفات الشعورan impulse, a sudden emotion stride │( سار في خطاهkuṭāhū) to walk, or
خطافkaṭṭāf rapacious; robber follow, in s.o.’s footsteps; تقدم خطوة فخطوة
taqaddama kutwatan fa-kutwatan to
خطافkuṭṭāf pl. خطاطيفkaṭāṭīf2 (iron)
proceed or advance step by step; اتخذ خطوة
hook; fishhook; (coll.; n. un. )ةswift, a
( حاسمةittakada) to take a decisive step; خط
variety of swallow
وتان وقفزةkaṭwatan wa qafza hop, skip and
خطيفkaṭīf pl. خطاطيفkaṭāṭīf2 iron hook jump (athlet.)
اختطافiktiṯāf grabbing, forcible seizure,
rape; abduction, kidnapping
خطيةkaṭīya (= )خطيئةslip, lapse, خفافkafāf, حجر الخفافḥajar al-k.
transgression, fault, offense, sin pumice, pumice stone
خطاةkuṭāh pl. of خاطئkāṭi’ sinner خفانkuffān pumice, pumice stone
خفkaffa i to be light (of weight); to be slight, خفيفkafīf pl. خفافkifāf, اخفافakfāf, اخفا
insignificant; to become lighter, decrease ءakiffā’2 light (of weight); slight, little,
in weight, lose weight; to decrease in trivial, insignificant; thin, scanty, sparse;
intensity, grow lighter (color); to be nimble, agile, sprightly, lively; -- الخفيف
nimble, agile, quick; to hasten, hurry, rush name of a poetic meter │ خفيف الحركةk. al-
( الىto) II to make lighter ( هـs.th.), reduce ḥaraka easily movable, very mobile;
the weight of ( ;)هـto ease, lighten, relieve, nimble, agile; خف الدمk. ad-dam amiable,
soften ( هـ عنfor s.o. s.th. difficult or charming; خفيف الروحk. ar-rūḥ likable,
oppressive, also هـ على; مَنs.th., e.g., s.o.’s charming, winning, amiable; gay, in high
situation); to lessen, decrease, reduce, spirits, cheerful; خفيف الظلk. az-zill
diminish ( هـor مَنs.th.); to mitigate, likable, nice (person); خفيف العارضينk.
alleviate, moderate, temper ( هor مَنs.th.); al-‘āriḍīn having a thin beard; خفيف العقلk.
to thin, dilute ( هـe.g., a liquid); (gram.) to al-‘aql feeble-minded, dimwitted; خفيف اليد
pronounce ( هـa consonant) without tašdīd k. al-yad nimble-fingered, deft; شاي خفيف
│ خفف عنكkaffif ‘anka! cheer up! be of weak tea
good cheer! خفف مَن سرعتكkaffif min
تخفيفtakfīf lightening, easing;
su‘atika! slow down! خفف اللَم عنهto lessening, decrease, diminution;
soothe s.o.’s pains V to dress lightly; to reduction; allaying, mitigation, alleviation,
disburden, relieve o.s. (of a burden); to rid palliation, moderation; commutation
o.s., free o.s. ( مَنof s.th.); to hurry away ( (jur.); relief; thinning. dilution (e.g., of a
مَنfrom), leave ( مَنs.th.) in a hurry X to liquid) │ ظروف التخفيفextenuating
deem ( هـs.th.) light; to value lightly, circumstances (jur.)
disdain, scorn, despise ( بs.o. or s.th.),
look down ( بupon), think nothing ( بof), استخفافistikfāf disdain, scorn,
make light ( بof), set little store ( بby); contempt; levity, frivolity
not to take seriously ( بs.th.), attach no ظروف مَخففةẓurūf mukaffafa extenuating
importance ( بto); to carry away, transport circumstances (jur.)
( هs.o., e.g., joy)
مَخففmukaffaf thin, diluted
خفkuff pl. خفافkifāf, اخفافakfāf shoe, خفتkafata u ( خفوتkufūt) to become inaudible,
slipper; -- (pl. اخفافakfāf) camel hoof; die down, die away (sound, voice); to
foot (of the ostrich); sole (of the foot) │ become silent, become still III ،خافت بكلمَه
رجع بخفي حنينraja‘a bi-kaffai ḥunain to ( بصوتهbi-kalāmihī, bi-ṣautihī) to lower
return with empty hands, without having one’s voice IV to silence, reduce to silence
achieved one’s mission; to accomplish ( هs.o.) VIII = I
nothing, fail, be unsuccessful
خفوتkufūt fading (radio)
`خفةkiffa lightless (of weight);
slightness, insignificance, triviality; خفتkāfit dying away, dying down,
sprightliness, buoyancy; agility, becoming silent; inaudible; faint, dying,
nimbleness; inconstancy, fickleness, fading, trailing off (sound, voice); soft,
flightiness, levity, frivolity │ خفة الحركةk. subdued (light, color)
al-ḥaraka, خفة في الحركةnimbleness, مَختفتmuktafit soft, low, subdued 249
agility, quickness; خفة الدمk. ad-dam
amiability, charm; خف الروحk. ar-rūḥ do.; خفرkafara u (kafr, خفارةkifāra) to watch ( ه,هـ
خفة اليدk. al-yad manual skill, dexterity, s.o., s.th. or over s.o., over s.th.), guard,
deftness protect ( هs.o., هـs.th.); -- kafira a (kafar,
خفارةkafāra) to be timid, shy, bashful II =
اخفakaff2 lighter; lesser, slighter; I kafara V = I kafira
weaker │ اخف الضررينa. ad-ḍararain the
lesser of two evils خفرkafr watching, watch, guard(ing)
خفرkafar guard detachment, guard; curtailment, limitation, restriction; ease
escort │ خفر السواحلcoast guard (Eg.) (of life); (gram.) pronunciation of the final
consonant with i │ خفض القيمةk. al-qīma
خفرkafar timidity, shyness,
devaluation (of a currency); خفض العيشk.
bashfulness, diffidence
al-‘aiš carefree, easy life; هو في خفض مَن
خفرkafir bashful, diffident, timid, shy, العيشhe lives in ease and comfort; خفض
embarrassed, coy الصوتk. aṣ-ṣaut lowering of the voice;
خفيرkafīr pl. خفراءkufarā’2 watchman; حرف الخفضḥarf al-k. preposition (gram.)
protector, guardian; guard, sentry, sentinel خفضkafiḍ low, soft, subdued (voice)
خفارةkafāra watch(ing), guard(ing), تخفيضtakfīḍ lowering, cutback, reduction (esp.
protection; guard duty of prices); diminution, decrease,
مَخفرmakfar pl. مَخافرmaḳāfir 2 lessening, curtailment, restriction,
guardhouse, guardroom; guard, control limitation
post │ مَخفر الشرطةm. aš-šurṭa police انخفاضinkifāḍ sinking, dropping, subsidence;
station lowering, reduction; lessen ing, decrease.
خافرةkāfira: خافرة السواحلk. as-sawāḥil diminution, decrement; dropping of the
coastguard cruiser (Eg.) water level, low water │انخفاض جوي
(jawwī) low-pressure area (meteor.)
مَخفورmakfūr under escort, escorted;
covered, sheltered, protected مَخفضmukaffaḍ lowered, reduced, low,
moderate (price, rate); lower
خفسkafasa u (kafs) to ridicule, scorn ( هs.o.),
laugh, mock ( هat); to destroy, demolish, مَنخفضmunkafiḍ low (altitude, frequency,
tear down ( هa house) price, etc.); soft, low, subdued, muffled
(voice) │ الراضي المنخفضةthe Netherlands;
خفشkafaš day blindness, hemeralopia -- munkafaḍ pl. -āt low ground;
اخفشakfaš2, f. خفشاءkafšā’2, pl. خفشkufš day depression (geogr.) 250
blind, hemeralopic; weak-sighted, خفقkafaāqa i u (kafq, خفقانkafaqān, خفوق
afflicted with defective vision kufūq) to vibrate; to tremble, shake; to
خفاشkuffāš pl. خفافشkafāfiš2 bat (zool.) beat, throb, palpitate (heart); to flutter,
wave, stream (flag); to flap the wings,
خفضkafada i (kafḍ) to make lower ( هـs.th.); flutter (bird); to waver, flicker; -- (kafq) to
to lower, decrease, reduce, lessen, flash (lightning); to beat, whip ( هs.th.;
diminish ( هـs.th.); to lower, drop ( مَن,هـ eggs, cream, etc.); to make the sound of
s.th., also, e.g., the voice); (gram.) to footsteps (shoe); - ( خفوقkufūq) to drop
pronounce the final consonant of a word one’s head drowsily, nod off, doze off (خفق
with i; to put ( هـa word) in the genitive │ خفقةk. kafqatan); -- i ( خفوقkufūq) to set,
( خفض جناحهjanāḥahū)to unbend toward go down (celestial body) II to roughcast,
s.o., show o.s. open-minded, responsive, plaster, stucco ( هـa wall) IV to flap the
accessible to; -- kafuḍa u to be carefree, wings, flutter (bird); to set, go down
easy, comfortable (life); to sink, dip, drop, (celestial body); to be unsuccessful, go
settle, subside; to become low, drop to an wrong, fail, miscarry, come to nothing, be
undertone (voice) II to lower, decrease, abortive; to fail, be unsuccessful ( فيin
reduce ( هـs.th., price) │ خفض عليكkaffiḍ s.th.)
‘alaika! take it easy! خفض عليك جأشك
(ja’šaka) cool off! calm down! relax! IV ا خفقkafq throb(bing) palpitation;
( خفض صوتهṣautahū) he lowered his voice beating, beat; footfall, footstep, tread (of a
V and VII to sink, dip, drop, settle, boot, of the foot)
subside; to be lowered, be reduced (price); خفقةkafqa pl. kafaqāt (n. vic.) beat,
to decrease, grow less; to be diminished throb; tap, rap, knock; ticking noise, tick
خفضkafḍ lowering, lessening,
decrease, diminution, reduction; subduing,
lowering, muffling (of the voice);
خفقانkafaqān palpitation of the heart, ( انkafā’a) it is quite evident, it is quite
heartbeat; throb(bing), beat(ing); obvious that ...
f1uttering, flutter اخفاءikfā’ hiding, secretion;
خفاقkaffāq palpitant, throbbing (heart); concealment; lowering of the voice
fluttering, waving, streaming (flag) تخفtakaffin disguise
O مَخفقةmikfaga whisk, eggbeater اختفاءiktifā’ disappearance
اخفاقikfāq failure, fizzle, flop, fiasco خافkāfin hidden, concealed; secret,
خافقkāfiq palpitant, throbbing (heart); unknown; unseen, invisible
fluttering, waving, streaming (flag); الخفقان خافيةkāfiya pl. خوافkawāfin a secret; --
al-kafaqān East and West; الخوافقal- pl. الخوافىal-kawāfī the coverts, the
kawāfiq the cardinal points, the four secondaries (of a bird’s wing)
quarters of the world
مَخفيmakfīy hidden, concealed 251
خافقيkāfiqī mortar, plaster, rough-cast;
stucco مَتخفmutakaffin disguised, in disguise
خفانsee خف مَختفmuktafin hidden. Concealed,
clandestine, covert, secret; disappearing,
خفىkafiya a to be hidden, be concealed; to be vanishing
unknown (a fact; علىto s.o.); to disappear,
hide │ لَ يخفى انit is well known that ...; as مَختفىmuktafan hiding place, hide-out
everybody knows ..., it is obvious that ... ; خاقانlook up alphabetically
لَ يخفى عليكyou know very well ..., you are
well aware (of it); -- kafā i to hide, خلkalla u (kall) to pierce, transfix ( هـs.th.) II
conceal ( هـs.th.); to keep secret ( هـs.th.) to turn sour; to make sour, to sour, acidify
IV to hide, conceal ( هـs.th.); to afford (هـ ( هـs.th.); to pickle, marinate ( هـs.th.); to
s.o.) a place to hide, shelter, hide ( هـs.o.); salt. cure with salt or in brine ( هـs.th.); to
to keep secret ( هـs.th.); to disguise, pick ( هـthe teeth); to run the fingers (ه
conceal ( هـs.th., علىor عنfrom s.o.) │ through s.th.), part, comb ( هـthe hair, the
اخفى الصوتto lower the voice, speak in an beard, also with the fingers) III to treat (ه
undertone V to hide, keep o.s. out of view; s.o.) as a friend IV to offend ( بagainst),
to disguise o.s. VIII to hide, keep o.s. out infringe, transgress ( بs.th.); to violate,
of view; to disappear, vanish; to be break ( بs.th., e.g., a rule, a custom); to
hidden, be unknown; to be lacking, be fail to fulfill, fail to meet ( بan
missing, be absent │ اختفى عن النظارto be agreement); to forsake, desert, abandon (ب
hidden or disappear from sight X to hide, s.o., s.th.); to disturb, upset, harm,
keep o.s. out of view; to be hidden, be prejudice ( بs.th.) V to be, lie or come
concealed; to be hidden from s.o.’s ()عن between s.th. ( ;هـalso in time), intervene (
view, become invisible ( عنto s.o.), هـbetween); to be located or situated, be
disappear from sight Interposed, be placed ( هـbetween); to
Permeate, pervade, interpenetrate ( هـs.th.),
خفيkafīy hidden, concealed; secret, mix, mingle, blend ( هـwith) VIII to be or
unknown; unseen, invisible; mysterious │ become defective; to be in disorder, be
خفي الَسمk. al-ism anonymous; O انوار خفية faulty, deficient, imperfect; to become
(anwār) indirect lighting disordered; to be upset, be unbalanced; to
خفيةkufyatan, kifyatan secretly, be disturbed (order, system) │اختلت الشروط
clandestinely, covertly; خفية عنهwithout his the conditions are not fulfilled; اختل توازنه
knowledge (tawāzunuhū) to lose one’s balance,
become unbalanced; ‘( اختل عقلهaqluhū) to
خفيةkafīya pl. خفاياkafāyā a secret, a be mentally deranged
secret affair
خلkall vinegar
خفاءkafa’ secrecy, hiddenness │في الخفاء
secretly, clandestinely, covertly; لَ خفاء في خلkill, kull pl. اخللaklāl friend,
bosom friend
خللkalal pl. خللkilāl gap, interval, خلبkalaba i u (kalb) to seize with the claws,
interstice; cleft, crack, rupture, fissure; a clutch ( هـs.th.), pounce ( هـon); -- u (خلبة
defective, unbalanced state, imbalance; kilāba) to cajole, coax, wheedle ( هs.o.); to
defectiveness, imperfection; fault, flaw, inveigle, beguile, bewitch, enchant ( هs.o.,
defeat, shortcoming; disturbance, upset, ‘ عقلهaqlahū s.o.’s mind); to charm,
disorder; damage, injury, harm (that s.th. fascinate, captivate ( هs.o.) III to cajole,
suffers or suffered); خللkilāla during; wheedle, coax. inveigle, beguile, bewitch,
between; through │ في خللfī kalali and في enchant ( هs.o.) VIII to seize with the
خللfī kilāli during; in the course of, claws, clutch ( هـs.th.), pounce ( هـon); to
within, in a given period of; في خلل ذلك cajole, inveigle, beguile, bewitch, enchant
meanwhile, in the meantime; مَن خللmin ( هs.o.)
kilāli across, through, right through the خلبkilb pl. اخلبaklāb fingernail,
middle of; out of, from within; (to judge, claw, talon
reason, draw conclusions, etc.) by, on the
basis of, on the strength of, (to recognize) برق خلبbarqun kallābun and barqu
from kullabin lightning without a downpour; a
disappointing, disillusioning matter; خلب
خلةkalla need, want, luck; -- (pl. خلل and خلب مَن برقdelusion, illusion
(kilāl) property, attribute, peculiarity;
characteristic; natural disposition خلبيkullabī: ( فشك خلبfašak) blank
cartridges (Syr.; mil.)
خلةkulla pl. خللkulal friendship
خلابkallāb gripping, captivating,
خللkilāl pl. اخلةakilla boring or fascinating; attractive, engaging, winning;
drilling implement; peg, pin; spit, skewer; tempting, enticing; fraudulent, deceitful;
(also خللةpl. -āt) toothpick; see also خلل deceptive, delusive, fallacious
kalal
خلابةkilāba engaging manners,
خليلkalīl pl. اخلءakillā’2, خلنkullān attractiveness, charm
friend, bosom friend; lovers; الخليلHebron
(town in Jordanian Palestine) │خليل ا مَخلبmiklab pl. مَخالبmakālib claw,
epithet of Abraham talon
خليلةkalīla pl. -āt girl friend, woman خالبkālib = خلابkallāb
friend; sweetheart, paramour خلبصII kalbaṣa (eg.) to clown
ام الخلولumm al-kulūl river mussel خلبوصkalbūṣ pl. خلابيصkalābīṣ2, خلابصة
(zool.) kalābiṣa (eg.) clown, buffoon, harlequin
اخللiklāl pl. -āt breach, infraction, خلجkalaja i and III to be on s.o.’s ( )هmind,
violation (of a law, of a treaty, and the trouble, preoccupy, prepossess ( هs.o.,
like); offence (against), transgression, s.o.’s mind; said of worries, doubts, etc.);
infringement (of); disturbance (of an to pervade, fill ( هs.o.; said of a feeling) │
order, of a system); impairment, injury, ( خالج قلبهqalbahū) to be uppermost in s.o.’s
harm (to); average, damage, by sea │ مَع heart V to be shaken, be convulsed, be
‘( عدم الَخلل بadami l-i.) without rocked VIII to quiver, tremble, quake,
prejudice to, without detriment to اختلل shake; to twitch (eye, limb, body); to
iktilāl deficiency, defectiveness, animate, move, stir, inspire, fill, pervade,
imperfection; (a falling into) disrepair, possess ( في, هـthe heart; said of a feeling)
deterioration; faultiness; disturbance (of a │ ( اختلج غماgamman) to be filled with
system, of a function, of the equilibrium, sorrow, with grief (heart)
etc.); disorder, confusion
خلجةkalja pl. ka1ajāt emotion,
مَخللmukallal pickled; salted; (pl. -āt) sentiment; scruple, qualm, misgiving
pickles, pickled vegetables
خليجkalīj pl. خلجkulj, خلجانkuljān bay,
مَخلmukill disgraceful, shameful │ مَخل gulf; canal; الخليجname of Cairo’s ancient
بالدابimmoral, indecent, improper 252 city canal which was abandoned and
leveled at the end of the 19th century │ تخليدtaklīd perpetuation, eternization,
الخليج الفارسيthe Persian Gulf immortalization
خلاجkilāj misgiving, doubt, scruple, خالدkālid everlasting, perpetual, eternal;
qualm immortal, deathless, undying;
unforgettable, glorious; pl. خوالدkawālid2
اختلاجةiktilāja (n. vic.) convulsion, jerk,
mountains │ الجزائر الخالداتthe Canary
twitch; tremor
Islands
خالجةkālija pl. خوالجkawālij2 emotion,
مَخلدmuklid disposed, inclined, tending
sentiment; scruple, qualm; idea
( الىto)
خلخلkalkala to shake, convulse, rock ( هـs.th.);
خلسkalasa i (kals) to steal ( هـs.th.); to pilfer,
to rarefy ( هـs.th., e.g., air; chem.- phys.) II
filch, swipe, purloin ( هـs.th.) III خلسه النظر
takalkala to be shaken, be rocked; to come
(naẓara) to glance furtively at s.o. VIII to
off, become disjointed, become detached;
steal, pilfer, filch, swipe ( هـs.th.); to get
to become loose, work loose; to be or
under false pretenses or by crooked means
become rarefied (chem.- phys.)
( هـs.th.); to embezzle, misappropriate (هـ
خلخلkalkal pl. خلاخلkalākil2 anklet s.th.); to spend secretly ( هـhours) │ اختلس
خلخالkalkāl pl. خلاخيلkalākīl 2 anklet ( الخطى الىkuṭā) to sneak up on s.o.; اختلس
( النظر الى )فيto glance furtively at s.o.
تخلخلtakalkul rarefication
خلسةkulsatan by stealth, stealthily,
مَخلخلmukalkal and مَتخلخلmutakalkil surreptitiously, furtively
rarefied
خلاسيkilāsī mulatto, bastard
خلدkalada u ( خلودkulūd) to remain or last
forever, be everlasting; to be immortal, اختلاسiktilās pl. -āt embezzlement,
deathless, undying; to abide forever ( الىor misappropriation, defalcation
بin, with); to remain, stay ( الىor بor ل مَختلسmuktalis embezzler, defalcator
at a place) │ خلد الى الراحةto rest, relax; خلد
خلصkalaṣa u ( خلوصkulūṣ) to be pure,
الى النومto lie down to sleep II to make
unmixed, unadulterated; to belong ( لto
eternal or everlasting, perpetuate,
s.o.); to get, come ( الىto), arrive ( الىat); --
eternalize ( هـs.th.), make immortal,
( خلصkallāṣ) to be or become free, be
immortalize ( هـs.o.); to make
freed, be liberated ( مَنfrom), be cleared,
ineffaceable, unforgettable ( هـs.th.; a
get rid ( مَنof); to be saved, be rescued,
memory); to remain, stay, abide, linger (ب
escape ( مَنfrom); to be redeemed, be
at, in a place); to grow very old, enjoy a
delivered, attain salvation (Chr.); --
long life, be long-lived IV to eternize,
(colloq.) to be finished, be done, be
immortalize, make immortal ( هs.o., هـ
through, be over; to be all gone II to clear,
s.th.); to perpetuate ( هـs.th.); to remain,
purify, refine, purge, rectify ( هـs.th.); to
stay, abide, linger ( الىor بat, in a place)
clarify ( هـa situation); to liberate, free,
253 to be disposed, incline, lean, tend (الى
save, rescue ( هs.o., مَنfrom), rid (. s.o., مَن
to) V to become eternal or immortal,
of); to redeem, deliver (Chr.); to prepay
perpetuate o.s. j to be or become long,
the postage ( علىon); to pay duty ( على
lasting, perpetual
البضائعon merchandise), clear ( علىgoods);
خلدkuld infinite duration, endless time, to settle ( هـa bill); (colloq.) to finish (هـ
perpetuity, eteruity │ دار الخلدParadise, the s.th.) │( خلص حقهḥaqqahū) to restore one’s
hereafter right, secure one’s due III to act with
خلدkuld mole (zool.) integrity, with sincerity ( هtoward s.o.),
treat ( هs.o.) fair and square; to get even,
خلدkalad, pl. اخلادaklād mind, heart, become quits ( هwith s.o.) IV to dedicate (
spirit, temper هـ لto s.o. s.th.); to be loyal ( لto s.o.); to
خلودkulūd infinite duration, endless be devoted, be faithful ( لto) │ اخلص له
time, perpetuity, eternity; eternal life, ( الحبḥubba) to love s.o. dearly; اخلص ل
immortality; abiding, remaining, staying ( دينهli-llāhi dīnahū) to worship God
faithfully and sincerely V to rid o.s. (مَن اخلصiklāṣ sincere devotion, loyal
of), free o.s. ( مَنfrom), get rid ( مَنof); to attachment, sincere affection; sincerity,
be freed, be delivered, be saved, be frankness, candor; loyalty, faithfulness,
rescued, escape ( مَنfrom) VI to act with fidelity, allegiance ( لto)
reciprocal integrity and sincerity; to be تخلصtakalluṣ freedom, liberation,
quits, be even X to extract ( هـs.th., مَن release, extrication, escape ( مَنfrom)
from); to copy, excerpt ( هـs.th., مَنfrom);
to abstract, take, gather, work out ( هـs.th., استخلصistiklāṣ extraction; excerption;
as the quintessence, مَنof); to deduce, derivation, deduction; selection; collecting
infer, derive ( مَنs.th., مَنfrom); to (of a sum of money)
discover, make out, find out ( هـs.th.); to خالصkāliṣ pl. خلصkullaṣ clear; pure,
select, choose ( هـs.th.) ; to demand unmixed, unadulterated; sincere, frank,
payment of a sum ( )هـand get it ( مَنfrom candid, true; free, exempt ( مَنfrom) │
s.o.) │ استخلص فائدة مَنto derive profit from, خالص الجرةk. al-ujra post-free; خالص الرد
profit, benefit from; استخلص مَنه وعدا k. ar-radd prepaid, reply paid for
(wa‘dan) to exact a promise from s.o. (telegram); ( خالص مَن الكمركgumrug)
خلصkalāṣ liberation, deliverance, dutyfree; خالص الضريبةtax-exempt
riddance; rescue, salvation ( مَنfrom); مَخلصmukalliṣ liberator; Savior,
redemption (Chr.); payment, settlement, Redeemer (Chr.)
liquidation (of a bill); receipt; placenta,
afterbirth 254 ( مَخلص )عليهmukallaṣ (‘alaihi) postage
paid
خلصةkulāṣa pl. -āt excerpt; extract,
essence; quintessence, substance, gist (of مَخلصmukliṣ devoted; sincere, frank,
s.th.); abstract, resume, summary, candid; loyal; faithful ( لto s.o., to s.th.);
epitome; synopsis │( خلصة نهائيةnihā’īya) purehearted, virtuous, righteous; المخلص
summation (jur.); ( الخلصة اللهوتيةal- (in letters) approx.: yours truly …,
lāhītīya) the “summa theological” (of sincerely yours ...
Thomas Aquinas); ‘( خلصة عطريةiṭrīya) مَستخلصmustaklaṣ pl. -āt extract,
perfume essence; والخلصةin short, briefly, excerpt
in a word (introducing a summary of the
basic ideas) خلطkalaṭa i (kalṭ) to mix, mingle, commingle,
blend ( ب هـs.th. with); to confuse,
خليصkalīṣ, pl. خلصاءkulaṣā’2 pure, confound, mix up ( بينtwo things; بين – وبين
clear, unmixed, unadulterated; sincere, s.th. with), mistake ( و-- بينs.th. for) II to
faithful, loyal; loyal adherent mix, mingle, commingle, blend ( هـs.th.);
خلوصkulūṣ clearness, purity; sincerity, to cause confusion III to mix, mingle,
candor; frankness blend, merge, fuse ( هـwith s.th.); to
meddle ( هـin), interfere ( هـwith); to mix,
خلصkallāṣ (magr.) tax collector associate ( هwith s.o.); to have to do ( هwith
مَخلصmaklaṣ safe place; refuge, s.o.) │( خالط نفسهnafsahū) to befall, attack
escape, rescue, salvation, deliverance s.o. (pain, etc.); خولط في عقلهkūliṭa fī
‘aqlihi to be or become disordered in
تخليصtaklīṣ clearing, purification, mind VIII to be mixed, mix, mingle, form
refining, rectification; clarification; a mixture or blend; to consist of a
liberation, extrication, deliverance, rescue, heterogeneous mixture, be motley,
salvation; payment, settlement, promiscuous; to associate, be on intimate
liquidation; prepayment of postage (على terms ( بwith); to be or become confused,
on); customs clearance, payment of duty ( get all mixed up
على البضائعon merchandise; also تخليص
)البضائع خلطkalṭ mixing, blending;
combination; mingling, commingling (ب
مَخالصةmukālaṣa pl. -āt receipt with); confusing, confounding, mistaking,
mix-up, confusion
خلطkilṭ pl. اخلطaklāṭ component of a confer, bestow ( على هـs.th. upon s.o.),
mixture; ingredient; pl. mixture, blend │ ا grant, award ( على هـs.th. to s.o.) │ خلع ثيابه
خلاط الَنسانthe four humors of the human (tiyābahū) to undress; ‘( خلعه مَن العرشarš)
body (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and to dethrone s.o.; ( خلع عليه خلعةkil‘atan) to
black bile); اخلاط مَن الناسcommon people, bestow a robe of honor upon s.o.; خلع على
populace, rabble, riffraff, mob; خلط مَلطkilṭ ( نفسه حقḥaqqa) to arrogate to o.s. the right
milṭ, kalṭ malṭ motley, pell-mell, of ...; -- kalu‘a u ( خلاعةkalā‘a) to be
promiscuously 255 dissolute, morally depraved II to take
away, remove, displace, dislocate (هـ
خلطةkalṭa mixture, blend, medley
s.th.); to knock out of joint, take or break
خلطةkulta company; mixture apart ( هـs.th.); pass. kulli‘a to fall to
خلاطand خلاطةkallāṭa pl. -āt mixer, pieces, get out of joint III to divorce (ها
mixing machine one’s wife, in return for a compensation to
be paid by her) V to go to pieces, fall
خليطkalīṭ mixed, blended; motley, apart, break; to become or be luxated,
heterogeneous, promiscuous; mixture, dislocated (joint); to take a vacation in the
blend ( مَنof); medley, hodgepodge; (pl. country (tun.) │ (تخلع في الشرابšarāb) to be
خلطاءkulaṭā’2) associate, companion, addicted to drinking, drink heavily VII to
comrade be displaced, be dislocated, be removed;
تخليطtaklīṭ pl. -āt insanity; delirium to be divested, be deprived, be stripped (
مَنof s.th.), forfeit, lose ( مَنs.th.) │ انخلع
مَخالطةmukālaṭa company, intercourse, ( قلبهqalbuhū) he was completely taken
association aback, he was alarmed, startled
اختلاطiktilāṭ (process of) mixing, خلعkal‘ slipping off, taking off (of
blending; mingling, commingling; clothes); deposition (e.g., of a ruler);
confusion; mental disorder; (social) dislocation, luxation │ خلع السنانextraction
intercourse, association, dealings ( بwith) of teeth
مَخلوطmaklūṭ pl. مَخاليطmakālīṭ2 خلعkul‘ khula, divorce at the instance
mixture, blend; alloy of the wife, who must pay a compensation
مَخلطmukallaṭ confused, disordered (Isl. Law)
مَخالطmukālaṭ stricken, afflicted ( بe.g., خلعةkil‘a pl. خلعkila‘ robe of honor
by a disease) خليعkalī‘ pl. خلعاءkula‘a’2 deposed,
مَختلطmuktaliṭ mixed │ المحاكم المختلطة dismissed, discharged (from an office);
the mixed courts, see مَحكمة; تعليم مَختلط repudiated, disowned; wanton, dissolute,
coeducation dissipated, profligate, morally depraved
خلعkala‘a a (kal‘) to take off, put off, slip off ( خلاعkallā‘ wild, unruly, wanton,
هـa garment); to doff, take off (طربوشة shameless, impudent
one’s tarboosh); to extract, pull ( هـa خلاعةkalā‘a dissoluteness, dissipation,
tooth); to wrench, dislocate, luxate ( هـa profligacy, wantonness, licentiousness,
joint); to depose, remove, dismiss, moral depravity; (tun.) recreation in the
discharge ( هs.o., مَنfrom an office); to country, summer vacation
renounce, forgo, give up ( هـs.th.),
withdraw ( هـfrom); to throw off, cost off ( خولعkaula’ fool, dolt, simpleton 256
‘ عذارهidārahū one’s restraint, one’s خالعkāli‘: خالع العذارk. al-‘idār
inhibitions); to refuse ( الطاعةobedience); unrestrained, ;uninhibited, wanton;
to disown, repudiate ( ابنهone’s son); to libertine, debauchee, roué, rake
divorce ( هاone’s wife) in return for a
compensation to be paid by her; to get مَخلوعmaklū‘ unrestrained, uninhibited,
through, have done ( هـwith s.th.), be wanton; wild, unruly; reckless, heedless,
through, have gone through s.th. (هـ, e.g., a irresponsible; crazy, mad
hard day); to impart ( على هـs.th. to); to
خلفkalafa u to be the successor ( هof s.o.), خلفيkalfī rear, hind, hinder, back
succeed ( هs.o.): to follow ( هs.o.), come خلفkilf pl. اخلافaklāf test, nipple,
after s.o. ()ه: to take the place of s.o. ()ه, mammilla
substitute (. for s.o.): to replace ( هs.o., هـ
s.th.): to lag behind s.o. ()عن: to stay خلفkulf dissimilarity, disparity,
behind ( عنafter s.o.’s departure); to be difference, contrast, variance, discrepancy
detained, be held back, be kept away, stay خلفkalaf pl. اخلافaklāf substitute;
away ( مَنfrom) II to appoint as successor ( successor; descendant, offspring, scion
هs.o.); to leave behind, leave ( ه, هـs.o.,
s.th.); to have descendants, have offspring خلفةkilfa dissimilarity, disparity,
III to be contradictory, contrary, opposed ( difference; that which follows s.th. and
هـto): to conflict, clash, be at variance (هـ replaces it (e.g., second growth of plants,
with); to contradict ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to be day and night, etc.)
different, differ, diverge ( هـfrom), be خليفةkalīfa pl. خلفاءkulafā’2, خلائف
inconsistent, incompatible, not in keeping, kalā’if2 vicar, deputy; successor; caliph;
not to harmonize ( هـwith); to offend (هـ (formerly) senior official of the native
against a command, a rule), break, violate, administration in Tunis, assigned to a قائد
disobey ( هـa command, a rule) IV to leave (formerly) title of the ruler of Spanish
( هoffspring, children); to compensate, Morocco
requite, recompense ( علىs.o.; said of
God): to break, fail to keep ( وعدهwa‘dahū المنطقة الخليفيةal-minṭaqa al-kalīfīya the
one’s promise), go back on one’s word; to Caliphate Zone (formerly, designation of
disappoint ( الرجاءar-rajā’a the hopes) V Spanish Morocco)
to stay behind; to lag or fall behind (;)عن خلفةkilāfa vicarship, deputyship;
to stay, stay on, remain; to fail to appear or succession; caliphate, office or rule of a
show up; to play truant; to be absent; to caliph: (formerly) administrative
stay away ( عنfrom), not go ( عنto), not department of a ( خليفةTun.), see above
attend ( عنs.th.) │( تخلف عن المجيءmajī’) to
مَخلفmiklāf pl. مَخاليفmakālīf2
fail to come or arrive; تخلف عن العودة
province (Yemen) 257
(‘auda) not to return VI to disagree, differ,
be at variance; to differ in opinion, be of a خلافkilāf pl. -āt difference, disparity,
different mind VIII to differ, be different, dissimilarity; divergence, deviation;
vary ( عنfrom); to be varied, varying, contrast, contrariety, incongruity,
variable, various, diverse, dissimilar; to contradiction, conflict; disagreement,
vary ( بينbetween); to disagree, differ in difference of opinion ( علىor فيabout);
opinion, be at variance, argue, quarrel, dispute, controversy; kilāfa (prep.) beside,
dispute ( فيabout); to come or go apart from, aside from │ خلافهkilāfuhū (=
frequently ( الىto), frequent, patronize (الى )غيرهother, the like, خلفهمothers (than
a place), visit frequently ( الىs.o., s.th.), those mentioned), وخلفهand the like (after
come and go ( الىat); to come, descend ( an enumeration); بخلفbi-kilāfi beside,
علىupon s.o.; said of afflictions), befall, apart 'from, aside from; contrary to, as
overtake ( علىs.o.) X to appoint as opposed to, unlike; خلافا لkilāfan li
successor or vicar ( هs.o.) contrary to, against, in contradiction to;
على خلاف ذلكunlike that, contrary to that,
خلفkalf back, rear, rear part or portion;
on the contrary, on the other hand
successors; kalfu and مَن خلفmin kalfu
(adv.) at the back, in the rear; kalfa (prep.) خلفيkilāfī controversial, disputed
behind, after, in the rear of │ جرى خلفهاhe مَخالفةmukālafa pl. -āt contrast,
ran after her: مَن خلفmin kalfi behind, in contrariety; contradiction, inconsistency;
the rear of; مَن الخلفfrom behind, from the contravention, infringement, violation;
rear; الى الخلفto the rear, backward, back; misdemeanor (jur.; as distinguished from
الى خلف الشيءin the wake of s.th.; في الخلف جنحةand ;)جنايةfine (for a misdemeanor)
in the rear; at the back, in the background
تخلفtakalluf staying away, خلقkalq creation; making; origination;
nonappearance, nonattendance, s.th. which is created, a creation;
nonpresence, absence, truancy (also تخلف creatures; people, man, mankind; physical
;)عن الحضورstaying behind, staying on; constitution
stopover (railroad); backwardness خلقkulq, kuluq pl. اخلاقaklāq innate
اختلافiktilāf pl. -āt difference, peculiarity; natural disposition, character,
dissimilarity, disparity; diversity, variety; temper, nature; -- pl. اخلاقaklāq character
variant, variation; difference of opinion, (of a person); morals; morality │ سوء الخلق
disagreement; controversy │ الرعية على sū’ al-k. ill nature; سيئ الخلقsayyi’ al-k. ill-
( اختلف المذاهب الدينيةra‘īya, dīnīya) the natured; سهل الخلقsahl al-k. complaisant,
subjects of every (= irrespective of their) obliging; ضيق الخلقḍayyiq al-k. impatient,
religious denomination; على اختلاف احزابهم restless; ‘ علم الخلاقilm al-a. ethics; moral
whichever party they may belong to; الفواكه science, morals; 258 سمو الخلاقsumūw al-
على اختلفهاall the different fruits, fruits of a. nobility of character; مَكارم الخلقnoble
every kind manners, high moral standards; شرطة
الخلقšurṭa al-a. vice squad
مَخلوفةmaklūfa pl. -āt camel saddle
خلقيkulqī ethic(al), moral │ جرائم خلقية
مَخلفmukallaf left, left behind; left
offenses against public morals
over; pl. مَخلفاتheritage, legacy, estate;
scraps, leftovers خلقkalaq (m. and f.) pl. خلقانkulqān, اخ
لاقaklāq shabby, threadbare, worn
مَخالفmukālif divergent, varying,
(garment)
different; inconsistent, incompatible,
contradictory, contrasting, conflicting; خلقةkilqa pl. خلقkilaq creation; innate
transgressor (of a command) peculiarity of character, natural
disposition, nature; constitution;
مَتخلفmutakallif residual; left over;
physiognomy; kilqatan by nature
retarded, backward, underdeveloped
(mentally, in growth, etc.); pl. -ūn one left خلقيkilqī natural, native, congenital,
behind; straggler; pl. مَتخلفاتheritage, innate, inborn, inbred
legacy, estate; leftovers; scraps, refuse, خلقةkalaqa rag, tatter
offal │( اتربة مَتخلفةatriba) waste material,
overburden, superstratum (in mining); المياه خلاقkalāq share (of positive qualities,
( المتخلفةmiyāh) waste water, sewage of religion) │ ( لَ خلاق لهkalāqa)
disgraceful, ignominious, despicable; a
مَختلفmuktalif different, varying, worthless fellow, a good-for-nothing
divergent ( مَنfrom); varied, various,
diverse; having a different opinion, خليقkalīq pl. خلقاءkulaqā’2 fit,
disagreeing ( فيor علىabout) qualified, suitable, appropriate ( ل, بfor
s.th., انto do s.th.); apt ( انto do s.th.); in
( مَختلف فيه )عليهmuktalaf fīhi (‘alaihi) keeping with ()ب, adequate ( بto), worthy
controversial, disputed ( بof) │ نحن خليقون انit is (would be) only
خلقkalaqa u (kalq) to create, make, originate ( fair that we ..., we should ..., we ought
هـs.th.); to shape, form, mold ( هـs.th.); -- to ...; هو خليق انhe is apt to ..., it is only
kaliqa a and kaluqa u to be old, worn, natural for him that he ...; خليق بهذا ان يكون
shabby (garment); -- kaluqa u (خلاقة ( مَؤلماmu’liman) this is apt to be paicful. it
kalāqa) to be fit, suitable, suited II to is only natural that this is painful; نظرة
perfume ( هـs.th.) IV to wear out ( هـs.th.), ( يسيرة خليقة ان تقنعنا بأنtuqni‘anā) no more
let ( هـs.th.) become old and shabby V than a quick glance is apt to convince us
pass. of II; to be molded, be shaped ( بby that ...
a model or pattern), change ( بwith a خلوقkalūq of firm character, steadfast,
model); to become angry VIII to invent, upright
contrive, devise ( هـs.th.); to fabricate,
concoct, think up ( هـs.th.); to attribute اخلقaklaq more adequate, more
falsely ( هـ علىto s.o. s.th.) appropriate, more natural
خلاقkallāq Creator, Maker (God) o.s.; to commune with o.s., take counsel
with o.s., search one’s heart; مَنذ عشر سنوات
خليقةkalīqa the creation, the universe
خلتmundu ‘ašri sanawātin kalat for the
created by God; nature; natural
past ten years II to vacate, evacuate (هـ
disposition, trait, characteristic; creatures,
s.th.); to leave, leave alone ( هs.o.); to
created beings; pl. خلئقkalā’iq2 creatures,
release, let go ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to desist,
created beings
abstain, refrain ( عنfrom), give up (عن
اخلقيaklāqī moral; ethic(al); ethicist, s.th.) │( خلى سبيلهsabīlahū) to let s.o. off,
moral philosopher │( جرم اخلقيjurm) let s.o. go, release s.o.; خلى بين فلن وبين
offence against public morals; الفلسفة الشيءto give s.o. a free hand in, let s.o.
( الخلقيةfalsafa) moral science, moral have his own way with or in, let s.o. alone
philosophy; ethics with; to open the way for s.o. to; خل عنك
أخلقيةaklāqīya morality, moral practice هذه الميولkalli ‘anka h. l-muyūla desist
from such desires! IV to empty, void,
خلقانيkulqānī dealer in old clothes drain, deplete ( مَن هـs.th. of); to vacate,
خالقkāliq creative; Creator, Maker leave uninhabited or untenanted ( هـa
(God) place); to evacuate ( هـa city) │اخلى سبيله
(sabīlahū) to let s.o. off, let s.o. go, release
مَخلوقmaklūq created; (pl. -āt. مَخاليق s.o.; اخلى السبيل لto open the way for ...;
makālīq2) creature, created being ( اخلى طرفṭarafahū) to dismiss, discharge
مَختلقmuktaliq inventor, fabricator (of s.o., send s.o. away; to exonerate,
untruths) exculpate, clear s.o.; ( اخلى سمعه لsam‘ahū)
to be all ears for ..., listen intently to ...;
مَختلقmuktalaq fabricated, trumped up,
اخلى بينه وبين مَا يقولto let s.o. say whatever
invented, fictitious; apocryphal; pl. -āt
he likes, let s.o. talk freely V to give up,
lies, falsehoods, fabrications, fictions
relinquish, forgo, abandon ( عنor مَنs.th.),
خلقينkalqīn pl. خلقينkalāqīn2 caldron, withdraw, resign ( عنor مَنfrom); to cede,
boiler, kettle leave, surrender ( ل عنs.th. to s.o.); to lay
1
خلنجkalanj heath, erica (bot.) down ( عنan office) VIII to retire,
withdraw, step aside, be alone ( بor مَع
2
خلنجانkulungān (eg.) (rhizome of) galingale with)
(Polypodium Calaguala Kz.; bot.)
خلوkilw free ( مَنfrom), devoid ( مَنof)
( خل )خلوkalā u (kulūw, خلءkalā’) to be
empty, vacant; -- (kuluw) to be free ( مَنor خلوkulūw emptiness, vacuity; freedom
عنfrom); to be devoid ( مَنof s.th.), lack, ( مَنfrom)
want ( مَنs.th.), be in need ( مَنof); to be خلkalā and ( مَا خلwith foll. acc. or
vacant (office); -- ( خلوةkalwa) to be alone genit.) except, save, with the exception of
( مَع, الى, بwith s.o., الىalso: with or in
خلءkalā’ emptiness, vacuity; empty
s.th.); to isolate o.s., seclude o.s.; to
space, void, vacancy, vacuum; open
withdraw, retire ( للمداولةli-l-mudāwala for
country │ تحت الخلءor في الخلءunder the
deliberation; court, jury); to withdraw for
open sky, outdoors, in the open air; بيت
spiritual communion, in order to take
الخلءbait al-k. toilet, water closet
counsel ( الىwith); to devote o.s., apply
o.s.. give one's attention ( لto s.th.); خل به خلوةkalwa pl. kalawāt privacy, solitude;
to forsake, desert s.o., leave s.o. in the seclusion, isolation, retirement; place of
lurch; -- to pass ( هs.o.), go by s.o. ( ;)هto retirement or seclusion, retreat, recess;
pass, elapse, go by, be bygone, past, over secluded room; hermitage; religious
(time) │( خل له الجوjaww) to have free assembly hall of the Druses; booth, cabin
scope. have freedom 259 of action; لَ يخلو │ على خلوةalone; in retirement, in
( مَن جمالjamāl) it is not without a certain seclusion; خلوة الحمامk. al-ḥammām
beauty; ( لَ يخلو مَن مَبالغةmubālaga) it is bathhouse
slightly exaggerated; لَ يخلو مَن فائدةit is not خلويkalawī lonely, solitary, secluded,
quits useless; خل الى نفسهto be alone with isolated, outlying; located in the open
country, rural, rustic, country │بيت خلوي soothe, lull, still, quiet ( هـs.th.); to
(bait) country house suppress, quell ( هـs.th.); to subdue, soften,
deaden, dull ( هـs.th.); to stifle, smother,
خلىkalīy pl. اخلياءakliyā’2 free (مَن
kill ( هـs.th.; fig.)
from), void, devoid ( مَنof) │خلى البال
carefree, easygoing, happy-go-lucky خمودkumūd extinction; decline,
degeneration, deterioration; quietness,
خليةkalīya pl. خلياkalāyā beehive; cell
stillness, tranquility, calm; immobility,
(biol.) │( الخلية الحيوية الولىal-ḥayawīya l-
motionlessness
ūlā) protoplasm; مَن خلياfrom within ...,
from inside ..., out of ... اخمادikmād extinction, putting out;
calming, soothing, placation,
مَخلةmiklāh nosebag
appeasement, lulling, stilling; subduing,
تخليةtakliya vacating, evaluation softening, dulling; settlement;
اخلءiklā’ emptying, voiding, draining; suppression, quelling (of a riot)
clearing; vacating, evacuation │اخلء سبيله خامَدkāmid dying; abating, subsiding;
i. sabīlihī; his release calm, tranquil, still, quiet
تخلtakallin relinquishment, خمرkamara u (kamr) and II to cover, hide,
abandonment, surrender, renunciation, conceal (8 هـ.th.); to leaven, raise (هـ
resignation ( عنof s.th.) dough); to ferment ( هـs.th.), cause
اختلءiktilā’ privacy, solitude fermentation ( هـin) III to permeate,
pervade ( هـs.th.), mix, blend ( هـwith); to
خالkālin empty, void; open, vacant (office, possess, seize, overcome ( هs.o., e.g., an
position); free, unrestrained, untrammeled, idea, a feeling) IV to leaven, raise (هـ
unencumbered; free ( مَنfrom), devoid (مَن dough); to ferment ( هـs.th.), cause
of) │in numerous compounds fermentation ( هـin); to harbor, entertain (هـ
corresponding to Engl. -less or un-, e.g., s.th.); to bear a grudge, feel resentment (ل
خال مَن الفائدةuseless, ( خال مَن السكانsukkān) against s.o.) V to ferment, be in a state of
uninhabited, untenanted, unoccupied; خالي fermentation; to rise (dough); to veil the
الدينkālī d-dain not bound by, without head and face (woman) VI to conspire,
obligation to, free ( مَنfrom); خالى البال plot, collude, scheme, intrigue (على
carefree, easygoing, happy-go-lucky; -- against) VIII to ferment, be in a state of
(pl. خوالkawālin) 260 past, bygone (time) fermentation; to rise (dough); to become
│ القرون الخاليةthe past centuries; في الَيام ripe, ripen (also fig.: an idea in s.o.’s
الخواليfī l-ayyāmi l-kawālī in the days past mind)
خمkamma u (kamm) to sweep ( هـa room); -- i خمرkamr m. and f., pl. خمورkumūr
u (kamm, خمومkumūm) to exude a rotten, wine; pl. alcoholic beverages, liquor
foul smell; to rot, putrefy, decay
خمرةkamra wine
خمkumm pl. اخمامakmām coop, chicken
coop, brooder; poultry pen خمريkamrī golden brown, reddish
brown, bronze-colored (actually, wine-
خمةkamma putrid smell, stench colored)
خامkāmm stinking, rotten, putrid, foul- خمريةkamrīya pl. -āt wine poem,
smelling; kām look up alphabetically bacchanalian verse
مَخمmukimm stinking, rotten, putrid, خمار/fimar pl. اخمرةakmira, خمرkumur
foul-smelling veil covering head and face of a woman
خمجkamija a (kamaj) to spoil, rot, خمارkumār aftereffect of intoxication,
decay hang-over
خمدkamada u ( خمودkumūd) to go out, die خميرkamīr leavened (dough); ripe,
(fire); to abate, subside, let up, calm mature, mellow; leaven; leavened bread
down, cease, die down IV to extinguish,
put out ( هـfire); to calm, appease, placate,
خميرةkamīra pl. خمائرkamā’ir2 leaven; خماسيkumāsī fivefold, quintuple;
ferment; barm, yeast; enzyme (chem.); consisting of five consonants (gram.) │خما
(fig.) starter, nucleus, basis (from which ( سيzawāyā) pentagonal, five-cornered
s.th. greater develops) خميسةkumaisa (mor. Pronounced kmīsa)
خمارkammār wine merchant, keeper of ornament in the shape of a hand (worn by
a wineshop women and children as a talisman against
the evil eye)
خمارةkammāra wineshop, tavern
الخامَسal-kāmis the fifth
خميرkimmīr winebibber, drunkard,
tippler, sot مَخمسmukammas pentagonal, five-
cornered; pentagon; fivefold, quintuple; O
تخميرtakmīr leavening, raising (of
pentameter
dough); fermenting, fermentation
خمشkamaša i u (kamš) and II to scratch (هـ
اختمارiktimār (process of) fermentation
e.g., the face, the skin, with the nails)
مَخمورmakmūr drunk, intoxicated,
خمشkamš pl. خموشkumūš scratch,
inebriated
scratch mark, scar
مَختمرmuktamir fermenting, fermented;
خماشةkumāša pl. -āt scratch, scar
alcoholic 261
خمصkamaṣa u and kamiṣa a to be empty,
خمسII to quintuple, make fivefold, multiply
hungry (stomach)
by five ( هـs.th.); to make pentagonal (هـ
s.th.); to divide into five parts ( هـs.th.) خميصkamīs خميص البطنk. al-baṭn, خمي
ص الحشاk. al-ḥašā with an empty stomach,
خمسkums pl. خمسakmās one fifth │
hungry
ضرب اخماسه في اسداسهḍaraba akmāsahū fī
asdāsihī and ( ضرب اخماسا لسداسli- اخمص القدمakmaṣ al-qadam pl. اخامَصakāmiṣ2
asdāsin) to rack one’s brain in search of a hollow of the sale (of the foot) │ مَن الرأس
way out; to be at one’s wit’s end; to الى اخمص القدمfrom head to toe
scheme, intrigue خمعkama‘a a (kam‘, خموعkumū‘) to limp,
خمسةkamsa (f. خمسkams) five walk with a limp
خمسة عشرkamsata ‘ašara (f. خمس عشرة خملkamala u ( خمولkumūl) to be unknown,
kamsa ‘ašrata) fifteen obscure, undistinguished; to be weak,
languid
خمسونkamsūn fifty │ ‘ عيد الخمسينīd al-
k. Whitsuntide, Pentecost; احد الخمسينaḥad خملkami and خملةkamla nap, the
al-k. Whitsunday; أيام الخمسينayyām al- rough, hairy surface of a fabric; fibers
kamsīn the period of about 50 days خملkamil languid, sluggish, dull,
between Easter and Whitsuntide; □ خمسين listless
and خماسينkhamsin, a hot southerly wind
in Egypt خمولkumūl obscurity; weakness
lassitude, languor, lethargy; indolence,
‘ عيد خمسينīd kamsīn 50th anniversary sluggishness, inactivity; apathy,
خميسkamīs and يوم الخميسyaum al-k. indifference; sleepiness, drowsiness
Thursday │ خميس الجسدk. al-jasad Corpus خميلةkamīla pl. خمائلkamā’il2 place
Christi Day (Chr.); خميس الفصحk. al-fiṣḥ, with luxuriant tree growth; thicket, brush,
خميس السرارk. al-asrār, and خميس العهدk. scrub
al-‘ahd Maundy Thursday (Chr.)
خامَلkāmil unknown, obscure,
خماسkammās pl. خماسةkamāmisa undistinguished, unimportant, minor;
(magr.) sharecropper receiving one fifth weak, languid, sluggish
of the crop as wages
مَخملmukmal velvet-like fabric, velvet
مَخمليmukmalī velvety │( جلد مَخمليjild) اخنسaknas f. خنساءkansā’2, pl. خنس
deerskin, buckskin kuns pug-nosed
خمنII to guess, conjecture, surmise; to make خنشارkinšār fern (bot.)
conjectures ( هـas to); to assess, appraise, خنوصkinnauṣ pl. خنانيصkanānīṣ2 piglet
estimate ( هـs.th.) 262
خنصرkinṣir pl. خناصرkanāṣir2 little finger │
تخمينtakmīn appraisal, assessment, عقد الخنصر )الخناصر( علىto give s.th. top-
estimation; تخميناtakmīnan and على تخمين rating because of its excellence, put s.th.
approximately, roughly above everything else
خمنmukammin appraiser, assessor خنعkana‘a a ( خنوعkunū‘) to yield, surrender,
1
خنkanna i ( خنينkanīn) to speak nasally, bow, stoop ( لor الىto s.o.). humble o.s.,
nasalize; to twang, speak through the nose cringe ( لor الىbefore s.o.)
خنةkunna nasal twang خنوعkanū‘ submissive, servile, meek,
humble; treacherous, perfidious, disloyal
خنينkanīn twanging, nasal twang
خنوعkunū‘ submissiveness, meekness,
اخنakann2, f. خناءkanna’2 twanging,
servility
speaking through the nose
2 خنفkanaf (eg.) twanging, nasal twang
خنkunn (= خمkumm) pl. اخنانaknān coop.
chicken coop, brooder خنفرkanfara to snuffle, snort
خنثkanita a to be soft, effeminate V to خنفسkunfus and خنفساءkunfusā’2 pl. خنافس
display effeminate manners, become or be kanāfis2 dung beetle, scarab
effeminate خنقkanaqa u (kanq) to choke ( هs.o.); to
خنثkanit oft, effeminate suffocate, stifle, smother, strangle,
throttle, choke to death ( هs.o.); to throttle
خنثىkuntā pl. خناثkināt, خناثىkanatā
down (techn.; هـs.th.); to slow down, cut,
hermaphrodite
check, suppress ( هـs.th.) III to quarrel,
خنوثةkunūta effeminacy have a fight ( هwith s.o.) VI to quarrel,
تخنثtakannut effeminacy dispute, have a fight ( مَعwith s.o.) VII
pass. of I; VIII to he throttled, be
مَخنثmukannat bisexual; effeminate; suppressed; to be tight, constricted
powerless, impotent, weak (throat); to be strangled, be choked to
خنجرkanjar pl. خناجرkanājir2 dagger death
خنخنkankana to nasalize, speak, nasally; to خنقkanq strangling, strangulation; throttling,
twang, speak through the nose suppression │ خنق النوارk. al-anwāar dim-
out
خندقkandaqa to dig a ditch or trench ( ;)خندقاto
take up positions, prepare for battle خنقة اليدkanqat (kunqat) al-yad wrist
خندقkandaq pl. خنادقkanādiq2 ditch; trench خناقkunāq suffocation; angina (med.); kunāq
and خانوقkānūq quinsy, diphtheria 263
خنزوانيةkunzuwānīya megalomania (med.); pl. خوانقkawāniq2 and خوانيق
خنزبkanzab Satan, Devil kawānīq2 do.
خنزيرkinzīr pl. خنازيرkanāzir2 swine, pig, hog; خناقkannāq choking, throttling, strangling
( خنزير بريbarrī) wild hoar; خنازيرscrofula, مَخنقmaknaq neck, throat │ أخذه بمخنقهto grab
scrofulosis (med.) s.o. by the throat, bear down on s.o.; to
خنزيرةkinzīra sow have power over s.o.
خنازيريkanāzīrī scrofulous خناقkināq strangling cord; neck, throat │ ضيق
( الخناق علىḍayyaqa) to tighten the grip
الخناسal-kannās epithet of the Devil (properly
around s.o.’s throat, tread on s.o.’s neck,
speaking, he who withdraw, when the
name of God is mentioned)
oppress s.o., beset s.o. grievously; أخذ بخناقه languish, flag; to dwindle, give out
to grab s.o. by the throat (strength)
خناقkināq and خناقةkināqa quarrel, خورkaur pl. اخوارakwār, خيرانkīrān
fight, row inlet, bay
اختناقiktināq suffocation, asphyxiation; خورkawar weakness, fatigue,
constriction; asphyxia (med.) enervation, languor, lassitude
خانقkāniq choking, strangling; خوارkuwār lowing, mooing
suffocating, asphyxiating, stifling, خوارkawwār weak, languid,
smothering; throttling, throttle· (in strengthless
compounds; tech.); (pl. خوانقkawāniq2)
2
choke coil, reactor (radio); gorge, ravine, خوريkūrī pl. خورنةkawārina parson, curate,
canyon │ غاز خانقasphyxiating gas; خان priest; see also under خير
ق الذئبk. ad-di’b wolfsbane, monkshood, خورسkūrus choir (of a church)
aconite (bot.)
خوزقkauzaqa to impale ( هs.o.); to comer,
مَخنوقmaknūq strangled; suffocated, drive into a comer, get into a bad fix (ه
stifled, smothered; suppressed, choking s.o.)
(voice, laughter, etc.); constricted;
strangulated; throttled خازوقsee خزق
مَختنقmuktaniq crammed, jammed, crowded, ورق خوشقwaraq kaušaq wrapping paper;
chock-full ( بwith) blotting paper
1
( خنوand خنا )خنىkanā u, خنيkaniya a (خنى خوصkūṣ (coll.; n. un. )ةpalm leaves
kanan) to use obscene language IV to hit خوصةkūṣa (eg.) plaitwork of palm
hard, afflict grievously, wear down, ruin, leaves (resembling that of Panama hats;
destroy, crush ( علىs.o., s.th.; said of fate) used as a tarboosh lining)
خنىkanan obscene language; s.th. خواصةkiwwāṣa art of palm-leaf plaiting
indecent or obscene; prostitution; 264
fornication 2
خوصkawaṣ and اخوصsee خوص
خواجةkawāja pl. -āt sir, Mr. (title and form of 3
address, esp., for Christians and خ ف
خويصةsee ص
Westerners, used with or without the name 1
( خاض )خوضkāḍ هـu (kauḍ, خياضkiyāḍ) to
of the person so addressed) wade ( هـinto water); to plunge, dive, rush
خوانkuwān, kiwān pl. اخونةakwina, اخاوين ( هـinto s.th.), tackle courageously (هـ
akāwīn2 table │ خوان الزينةk. az-zīna s.th.), embark boldly ( هـon); to penetrate (
dressing table هـor فيinto), become absorbed, engrossed
( هـor فيin); to go into a subject ()في, take
خوجةkōga (eg.) teacher, schoolmaster up ( في هـsubject), deal ( فيwith) │ خاض
خوخII (eg.) to rot, decay, spoil ( المعركةma‘raka) to rush into battle; خاض
( غمار الحربgimāra l-ḥarb) to enter the war
خوخkauk (coll.; n. un. )ةpeach (eg.);
plum (syr.) خوضkawḍ, plunge, rush (into);
entering, entry (into, e.g., into war, into
خوخةkauka pl. kuwak skylight, negotiations); penetration; search (في
windowlike opening; wicket (of a canal into), examination, discussion, treatment (
lock, of a gate); (eg.) alley connecting two فيof a subject)
streets
مَخاضةmakāḍa pl. -āt, مَخاوضmakāwiḍ2
خوذةkūda pl. -āt, خوذkuwad helmet ford
1( خار )خورkāra ( خوارkuwār) to low, moo 2
مَخاضsee مَخض
(cattle); -- خورkawira a ( خورkawar) and
خارkāra u to decline in force or vigor; to ( خاف )خوفkāfa (1st pers. perf. kiftu) a (kauf,
grow weak, spiritless, languid, to مَخافةmakāata, خيفةkīfata) to be frightened,
scared; to be afraid ( ه, هـor مَن. of), dread ( خولىkaulī supervisor, overseer (of a
ه, هـor مَنs.o. or s.th.); to fear ( ه, هـor مَن plantation); gardener
s.o., s.th.; علىfor s.o., for s.th.; انthat) II خؤولةku’ūla relationship of the
and IV to frighten, scare, alarm, fill with maternal uncle
fear ( هs.o.) V = I
مَخولmukawwal authorized ( بto)
خوفkauf fear, dread ( مَنof); خوفا
kaufan for fear ( مَنof), fearing ( علىfor) خامlook up alphabetically
1
خيفةkīfa fear, dread ( مَنof) ( خان )خونkana u (kaun, خيانةkiyāna) to be
disloyal, faithless, false, treacherous,
خوافkawwāf, خويفkawīf fainthearted, perfidious, act disloyally, treacherously,
fearful, timid, timorous; coward, poltroon perfidiously ( هtoward s.o.); to betray (ه
اخوفakwaf2 more timorous; more s.o.); to cheat, dupe, gull, hoodwink (ه
dreadful, more to be feared s.o.), impose ( هupon), deceive (زوجته
one’s wife); to fool, deceive, mislead 265
مَخافةmakāfa fear, dread │مَخافة ان
( هs.o.; said, e.g., of the memory); to
(makāfatan) for fear that ..., afraid that ...
forsake, let down, desert ( هs.o.); to fail (ه
مَخاوفmakāwif2 (pl. zu )مَخافةfears, s.o.; e.g., the voice, and the like); to fail to
apprehensions, anxieties; horrors, dangers, keep ( هـe.g., a promise), break (عهدا
perils ‘ahdan a contract) II to regard as or call
تخويفtakwīf and اخافةikāfa faithless, false, disloyal, treacherous,
intimidation, bullying, cowing, dishonest, unreliable ( هs.o.); to distrust,
frightening, scaring mistrust ( هs.o.) V to impair, harm, hurt,
prejudice ( هـs.th.) VIII to dupe, gull,
تخوفtakawwuf fear, dread cheat, deceive, double-cross, betray ( هs.o.)
خائفkā’if pl. خوفkuwwaf fearful, X استخونistakwana to distrust, mistrust (ه
timid, timorous; scared, frightened, s.o.)
alarmed ( مَنby); afraid ( مَنof); anxious ( خيانةkiyāna faithlessness, falseness,
علىabout), apprehensive ( علىfor) disloyalty, treachery, perfidy; breach of
مَخوفmakūf feared, dreaded; faith, betrayal; treason; deception, fooling
dangerous, perilous │ خيانة المَانةk. al-amāna breach of faith;
‘( خيانة عظمىuẓmā) high treason; خيانة الوعود
مَخيفmukīf fear-inspiring, frightful, breach of promise
dreadful, terrible, horrible
خؤونka’ūn faithless, false, disloyal,
خاكىlook up alphabetically traitorous, treacherous, perfidious;
خولII to grant, accord, give, concede ( هـ هto unreliable, tricky, deceptive
s.o. s.th., also ;هـ لesp., the right, the خوانkawwān unreliable, faithless,
power to do s.th.), bestow, confer (هـ ه disloyal, treacherous, perfidious; traitor
upon s.o. s.th., also )هـ ل, vest, endow (هـ ه
s.o. with s.th., also. )ل خائنkā’in pl. خوانkuwwān, خونة
kawana disloyal, faithless, false,
خالkāl pl. اخوالakwāl, خؤولku’ūl, خولة unreliable, traitorous, treacherous,
ku’ūla (maternal) uncle; -- (pl. خيلنkīlān) perfidious; traitor
mole, birthmark (on the face);
2
خانand خانةlook up alphabetically
O patch, beauty spot
3
خوانlook up alphabetically
خالةkāla pl. -āt (maternal) aunt
1
خويkawā i ( خواءkawā’, خوىkawan) to be
خولkawal chattels, property, esp., that empty, be hungry; -- kawiya a (خواء
consisting in livestock and slaves; kawā’) to be empty, bare, dreary, desolate,
servants; (eg.) dancer; effeminate person, waste
sissy
خواءkawā’ and خوىkawan
emptinessv(of the stomach), hunger
خاوkāwin empty, vacant; dreary, waste, property; -- good, benefit, interest,
desolate │‘( خاو على عروشهurūšihī) advantage; welfare; charity │ خير الناسthe
completely devastated; خاوى الوفاضk. l- best of all people; اخيار الناس, خيار الناسthe
wifāḍ (= )خالى الوفاضwith an empty pouch, beat people, the pick of the human race; هو
empty-handed, without a catch خير مَنكhe ill better than you; هو خير لكit is
better for you; الخير كل الخيرthe very best;
خوىIII to join ( هs.o.), join the company of ()ه,
‘( الخير العامāmm) the commonweal, general
accompany ( هs.o.)
welfare; دولة الخير العامwelfare state; لخير
خويkuwaiy little brother for the benefit of; لخير انفسهمli-k. anfusihim
خوةkuwa brotherliness, fraternity (= for their own good; اعمال الخيرcharitable
اخوةukūwa) deeds; صباح الخيرṣabāḥ al-k. and صباحك
بالخيرgood morning! ( ذكره بالخيرdakarahū)
مَخاوmukāwin brotherly, fraternal to retain a good impression. of s.o.; to
خيارkiyār (coll.; n. un. )ةcucumber │ خيار شنير speak well of s.o.
k. šanbar (eg.) drumstick tree, purging خيريkairī charitable, beneficent,
cassia (Cassia fistula; bot.); خيار قشةk. benevolent, philanthropic │جمعية خيرية
qašša (eg.) gherkins, pickles (jam‘īya) charitable organization
( خاب )خيبkāba i ( خيبةkaiba) to fail, miscarry, خيريةkairīya charity, charitableness,
be without success, be unsuccessful; to be benevolence, beneficence
frustrated, be dashed, be disappointed
(hopes); to go wrong II and IV to cause to خيرkayyir generous, liberal,
fail; to thwart, frustrate, fail, defeat (هـ openhanded, munificent; charitable,
s.th.); to disappoint, dash ( أمَالهāmālahū beneficent, benevolent; benign, gracious,
s.o.’s hopes) V = I kind
خيبةkaiba failure, miscarriage, defeat, خيرةkaira pl. -āt good deed, good
frustration; fizzle, flop; disappointment │ thing; pl. خيراتresources, treasures (e.g.,
ولد خيبةwalad k., f. بنت خيبةbint k. (eg.) a of the earth, of a country), boons,
good-for-nothing, a ne’er-do-well blessings
خائبkā’ib failing; abortive, unsuccessful; خيرةkīra and kiyara the best, choice,
disappointed prime, flower, pick, elite
راديومradiyūm radium │ ذو راديوم فاعل رأسيra’sī head (adj.), cephalic; main,
radioactive chief, principal; perpendicular, vertical
رزءruz’ pl. ارزاءarzā’ heavy loss, رزمَةrizma pl. رزمrizam bundle; bale, pack;
serious damage; disaster, calamity parcel, package; ream (of paper)
( رشا )رشوrašā u (rašw) to bribe ( هs.o.) VIII to رصدraṣad pl. ارصادarṣād spy, watcher,
accept as bribe, he corrupt, he venal watchdog; lookout, observation post;
ambush; talisman 342
رشوrašw bribery, corruption
رصادraṣṣād: رصاد الجوr. al-jaww
رشوةrišwa, rušwa, rašwa pl. رشى, رشاrišan, meteorologist
rušan, (eg.) رشاوىrašāwā bribe; bribery,
corruption, dishonesty رصيدraṣīd pl. ارصدةarṣida stock on
hand (of merchandise, of supplies);
رشاءrišā’ rope, well rope avaible funds; balance (com.; also =
ارتشاءirtišā’ venality, corruptibility; remainder of a sum to be paid later);
bribery, corruption capital (fin.) │ شيك يدون رصيدuncovered
check, check without sufficient covering
رصraṣṣa u (rašṣ) to fit tightly together, funds
press together, compress ( هـs.th.); to ram,
force ( هـs.th. into the ground); to pile up, مَرصدmarṣad pl. مَراصدmarāṣid 2
stack up ( هـs.th.); to join together, line up, observatory │ (مَرصد جويjawwī)
align, arrange .ide by side ( هـs.th.) II to fit meteorological station, weather station
tightly together, press together, compress ( O مَرصدmarṣad telescope
هـs.th.); to ram home ( هـs.th.); to coat or
cover with lead ( هـs.th.) VI to be pressed
مَرصادmirṣād observation post, look- رضابruḍāb spittle, saliva
out; ambush │ وقف المرصادto lie in wait; رضخraḍaka a i (raḍk) to break, smash, shatter
كان مَنه بالمرصادand وقف له بالمرصادto lie in ( هـs.th.); to crack ( هـa kernel); -- raḍaka a
ambush for s.o., waylay s.o. (raḍk) to give ( هـs.o.) a small, paltry
راصدrāṣid registering; (pl. رصاد present; -- (ruḍūk) to yield, bow, give in,
ruṣṣād) watcher, watchdog, spy │O خزينة subordinate o.s., submit ( لto s.o., to s.th.)
راصدةcash register; O ( مَيزان راصدmīzān) VIII ( ارتضخ لكنةluknatan) to speak Arabic
self-registering balance with a foreign accent
راصدةrāṣida: ( راصدة فلكيةfalakīya) رضخraḍk, رضخةraḍka a small, paltry
telescope gift
مَبلغ مَرصودmablag marṣūd security, رضيحةraḍīka a small, paltry gift; tip,
cover (fin.) baksheesh
رصعII to inlay, set, stud ( هـs.th., بwith gems رضوخruḍūk submission, surrender;
or gold); to adorn, decorate, ornament ( هـ yielding, compliance; sympathetic
بs.th. with) understanding ( لof)
رصفraṣafa u (raṣf) to pave, lay with stone (هـ مَرضاحmirḍāk nutcracker
s.th.); -- raṣufa u ( رصافةraṣāfa) to be رضرضraḍraḍa to break into coarse pieces,
firmly joined II to lay with flagstones, pound, crush ( هـs.th.)
pave ( هـs.th.)
رضراضraḍrāḍ pebbles, gravel 343
رصفraṣf paving (of roads)
رضعraḍi‘a a and raḍa‘a i a (raḍ‘, رضاع
رصيفraṣīf firmly joined, firm, solid, raḍā‘) to suck ( ثدي أمَهtadya ummihī at its
compact; -- (pl. ارصفةarṣifa) pavement; mother’s breast) II and IV to nurse at the
sidewalk; quay; wharf, pier; mole, jetty; breast, suckle, breast-feed ( هa baby)
platform; (pl. رصفاءruṣafā’) colleague │
رصيف المحطةr. al-maḥaṭṭa (railway) رضيعraḍī‘ pl: رضعاءruḍa‘ā‘2, رضائع
platform; ( رصيف لعمال الحفر في البحرli- raḍā’i‘2 suckling, infant, baby; foster
a‘māli l-ḥafr fī l-baḥr) offshore drilling brother
platform (for oil drilling); عوائد الرصيف O رضاعةraḍā‘a pl. -āt nursing bottle
‘awā’id ar-r. quayage, pierage, wharfage
رضاعriḍā‘ foster relationship
رصيفةraṣīfa pl. -āt woman colleague │
( رصيفتنا الغراءgarrā’) a phrase of courtesy راضعrāḍi‘ pl. رضعruḍḍa‘ sucking;
used by one newspaper when referring to suckling, infant, baby; infant (adj.)
another; approx.: our honorable friends مَرضعmurḍi‘ and مَرضعةmurḍi‘a pl.
رصافةraṣāfa firmness compactness مَراضعmarāḍi‘2 wet nurse; foster mother
مَرصوفmarṣūf paved ( بwith) رضهabbreviation of رضي ا عنهsee رضى
رصنraṣuna u ( رصانةraṣāna) to be firm, رضاsee رضىriḍan
strong; to be sedate, calm, composed رضيraḍiya a ( رضىriḍan, رضوانriḍwān,
رصينraṣīn firm, unshakable; sedate, مَرضاةmarḍāh) to be satisfied, be content (
calm, composed ب, هـor فيwith); to consent, agree ( ب,هـ
or فيto); to approve ( ب, هـor فيof),
رصانةraṣāna sedateness, composure, accept, sanction ( ب, هـor فيs.th.); to
calmness, equanimity accept the fact, resign o.s. to the fact (ان
رضraḍḍa u (raḍḍ) to crush ( هـs.th.); to bruise that); to be pleased ( على, هـor عنwith); to
( هـa part of the body) wish, desire ( هـs.th., لfor s.o.) │رضي لنفسه
( بli-nafsihī) to permit o.s. s.th.; مَا رضي لها
رضraḍḍ pl. رضوضruḍūḍ bruise, ( المذلةmadalla) he had no desire to
contusion humiliate her; ( رضي او ابىau abā) whether
رضيضraḍīḍ crushed; bruised he likes it or not; ( رضي ا عتهIsl. eulogy)
may God be pleased with him; رضي مَن استرضائيistirḍā’ī conciliatory
( الغنيمة باليابiyāb) to be content to return راضrāḍin pl. رضاةruḍāh satisfied,
without booty, be happy to have saved content; agreeing, consenting; willing,
one’s skin n to satisfy, gratify, please (ه ready; pleasant, agreeable (life)
s.o.); to compensate ( هs.o.) III to seek to
satisfy, try to please ( هs.o.); to propitiate, مَرضmurḍin satisfactory; satisfying;
conciliate, win ( هs.o.), gain the good will pleasant, pleasing, gratifying, sufficient
of ( )هIV to satisfy, gratify, please ( هs.o.) V 344
to seek to satisfy, try to please ( هs.o.); to رطبraṭiba a and raṭuba u ( رطوبةruṭūba, رطابة
seek to propitiate ( هs.o.); to conciliate. raṭāba) to be moist, damp, humid; to be
appease ( هs.o.) VI to come to terms VIII wet II to moisten ( هـs.th.); to cool,
to be satisfied, content, pleased ( هـwith); refresh; to soothe, soften, calm ( القلبal-
to consent, agree ( هـto s.th.); to approve ( qalba the heart); to become succulent,
هـof s.th.), sanction ( هـs.th.) X to seek to mellow, ripen (dates) IV to moisten (هـ
satisfy, try to conciliate, treat in a s.th.); to become succulent, mellow, ripen
conciliatory manner ( هs.o.); to conciliate, (dates) V to be moistened; to be cooled, be
appease ( هs.o.); to show o.s. obliging, refreshed; to be soothed, be softened, be
make o.s. popular, ingratiate o.s., try to calmed
gain good will or favor
رطبraṭb moist, damp, humid; wet;
رضا, رضىriḍan contentment, fresh, cool; juicy, succulent, tender (plant)
contentedness, satisfaction; agreement,
consent, assent, acceptance, approval; رطبruṭab (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. ارطاب
pleasure, delight; good will, favor │ عن arṭāb, رطابriṭāb fresh, ripe dates
رضىreadily, gladly; سريع الرضىeasy to رطيبraṭīb pl. رطابriṭāb moist, damp,
please, easily reconciled humid; fresh, cool; juicy, succulent, tender
رضيraḍīy pl. ارضياءarḍiyā’2 satisfied, (plant)
content; pleasant, agreeable │بنفس راضية رطوبةrṭūba moisture, dampness,
(bi-nafs) gladly humidity; wetness
رضوانriḍwān consent, assent, راطبrāṭib moist, damp, humid; wet
agreement, acceptance, approval,
sanction; good will, favor; pleasure, مَرطباتmuraṭṭibat refreshments, soft
delight drinks
مَرضاةmarḍāh a means affording رطلraṭl pl. ارطالarṭāl rotl, a weight (in Eg. =
satisfaction or gratification; satisfaction, 449.28 g; in Syr. = 3.202 kg, in Beirut and
pleasure Aleppo = 2.566 kg)
زكمpass. zukima to catch a cold زلَلzulāl cold water زلَل البيضz. al-
baiḍ white of egg, albumen
زكامzukām (common) cold, catarrh
زلَليzulālī albuminous; زلَليات
زكمةzakma (common) cold, catarrh zulālīyāt proteins │( مَواد زلَليةmawādd2)
زكانةzakāna flair; intuition proteins
( زكوand زكا )زكىzakā u ( زكاءzakā’) to thrive; زلابيةzalābiya pl. -āt a kind of doughnut
to grow, increase; to be pure in heart, be cooked in oil and sprinkled with sugar
just, righteous, good; to be fit, suitable (ب 1
زلجzalaja a ( زلوجzulūj) and zalija a to slip; to
for s.o.), befit ( بs.o.); --zakiya a to grow, slide along, glide along V do. │ تزلج على
increase II to increase, augment, make ( الثلجtalj) to skate VII = V
grow ( هـs.th.); to purify, chasten ( هـs.th.);
to justify, vindicate ( هs.o.), vouch for, or زلجzalj slippery
bear witness to, s.o.’s ( )هintegrity, declare زليجzalīj slippery
( هs.o.) honest, upright or just, attest the
مَزلجmizlaj pl. مَزالجmazālij2 skate
honorable record of s.o. ( ;)هto attest the
truth, validity or credibility of s.th. ( ;)هـto مَزلاجmizlāj pl. مَزاليجmazālīj2 (sliding)
command, praise ( هs.o.); to recommend bolt (on a door)
IV to cause to grow; to grow ( هـs.th.) V to 2
زليجzulaij faïence, ornamental tile
be purified, be chastened
زليجيzulaijī faience, ornamental tile
زكيzakīy pl. ازكياءazkiyā’2 pure;
chaste; guiltless, blameless, sinless; also = زلزلzalzala to shake, rook, convulse,
ذكيdakīy, e.g., )رائحة زكية cause to tremble ( هـ, هs.th., s.o.); pass.
zulzila also: to waver, stumble II tazalzala
زكاءzakā’ growth; (moral) purity, to quake (earth)
integrity, honesty, righteousness
زلزلةzalzala pl. زلَزلzalāzil earthquake
( زكاة )زكوةzakāh pl. زكاzakan, زكوات
zakawāt purity; justness, integrity,
زلزالzalzāl, zilzāl concussion, shock, مَزلقmizlaq skate; مَزلقانa pair of skates
convulsion; earthquake │ O ‘( مَزلق ذو عجلتajalāt) roller skate
زلطzalaṭa u to swallow, gulp down, gobble (هـ مَزلقةmizlaqa pl. مَزالقmazāliq2 sleigh,
s.th.) II to strip, undress ( هs.o.) V to sledge, sled; toboggan
undress, strip انزلاقinzilāq slipping, sliding, skidding;
زلطzulṭ nakedness, nudity skiing; skating
زلطzalaṭ (coll.; n. un. ( )ةeg.) gravel, مَنزلقmunzaliq: باب مَنزلقsliding door
pebbles; road metal, ballast 1
زلمzalam pl. ازلامazlām arrow without head
زلعةzal‘a pl. زلعzila‘ (eg.) a kind of tall clay and feathers, used in divination
jar 2
زلومَةzullūma, zallūma pl. زلَلمzalālim2 trunk
2
زلعومzal‘ūm pl. زلاعيمzalā‘īm gullet, throat (of an elephant)
زلفzalafa u (zalf, zalaf, زليفzalīf) to زمzamma u (zamm) to tie up, fasten, tighten (
approach ( الىs.o. or s.th.), advance (الى هـs.th.); to truss up ( هـs.th.) │ ( زم بانفهbi-
toward), go near II to exaggerate, blow up anfihī) to turn up one’s nose, be
( هـa report, فيin) IV to bring near, bring supercilious II to bridle ( هـa camel), put
close ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) V to flatter ( الىs.o.), the bridle ( هـon a camel)
fawn ( الىupon s.o.), curry favor, ingratiate زمَامzimām pl. ازمَةazimma camel
o.s. ( الىwith s.o., also )لVIII ازدلف halter, nose rope of the camel; rein, bridle;
izdalafa to flatter halter; day hook; register; ground, land │ ب
زلفzalaf servile flattery, sycophancy, زمَامَهunder his supervision, under his
toadyism, bootlicking direction, زمَام المَرz. al-amr reins of
power, قبض على ازمَة المَرto hold the reins
زلفةzulfa and زلفىzulfā servile flattery,
of power in one’s hand, be in control of
sycophancy, toadyism, bootlicking
power, wield power; تولى زمَام الحكمtawallā
مَتزلفmutazallif sycophant, toady, z. al-ḥukm to seize the reins of power,
bootlicker assume power
زلقzaliqa a (zalaq) and zalaqa u (zalq) to زمَتV to be prim, sedate, staid
glide, slide; to slip II to make slippery (هـ
زمَتtazammut primness gravity,
s.th.); to slip, glide ( في هـs.th. into) IV to
cause ( هs.o.) to slip │ ( ازلقه ببصرهbi- sedateness
baṣarihī) to look at s.o. sternly or مَتزمَتmutazammit grave, stern, staid,
disapprovingly V and VII to glide, slide; sedate (character); prim; narrow-minded
to skid, slither, slide ( الىinto s.th.), to slip; J'!-j zam;ara (;j~j zam;ara) to .oold, to
to ski; to skate │ ( انزلق على الثلجtalj) 380 to
ski; to skate VII to slip from s.o.’s ()عن storm, rage, rave
hand, from s.th. ()عن زمَجرzamjara ( زمَجرةzamjara) to scold; to
زلقzaliq slippery storm, rage, rave
1
زلقةzalqa (n. vic.) slip, skid, slideslip زمَرzamara i u (zamr, زمَيرzamīr) to blow,
play (a wind instrument) II do.
زلاقةzalāqa slipperiness
زمَرzamr blowing, playing (of a wind
زلاقةzallāqa pl. -āt sleigh, sledge, sled; instrument)
toboggan; toboggan chute, sledding
course; gutter, eaves trough زمَرzamr pl. زمَورzumūr a wind
instrument resembling the shoe; horn (of
مَزلقmazlaq pl. مَزالقmazāliq2 slippery an automobile; syr.)
spot; slide, chute; esp. pl. treacherous,
perilous ground, pitfalls, dangers, perils زمَرةzumra pl. زمَرzumar troop; group
(of people); زمَرة دمَويةblood group
مَزلقانmazlaqān (dual) (loading) ramp;
gradient, ramp, driveway, access road
زمَارzammār player (on a wind زمَالةzamāla comradeship;
instrument), piper colleagueship; fellowship │زمَالة دراسية
(dirāsīya) scholarship, stipend (ir.)
زمَارةzammāra, zummāra pl. زمَامَير
zamāmīr2 (eg.) a wood-wind instrument 2
ازمَيلizmīl pl. ازامَيلazāmīl2 chisel
consisting of two pipes, related to the زمَنzamina a ( زمَانةzamāna) to be chronically
clarinet; siren │ زمَارة النذارz. al-indār ill IV to stay long, remain ( بat a place);
warning siren to last long; to be chronic (disease)
مَزمَارmizmār single-pipe wood-wind زمَنzaman pl. ازمَانazmān time; period,
instrument resembling the oboe stretch of time; duration; زمَناzamanan for
مَزمَورmazmūr pl. مَزامَيرmazāmīr2 some time
psalm زمَنةzamana period or time
2
ازمَيرizmīr2 Izmir, Smyrna (seaport in W زمَنzamin, زمَينzamīn pl. زمَنىzamnā
Turkey) chronically ill
زمَردzumurrud emerald زمَانzamān pl. ازمَنةazmina time;
زمَردىzumurrudī emerald(-colored) duration; fortune, late, destiny │ مَن زمَان
for some time (past), for quite a while; على
زمَزمzamzama to rumble, roll (thunder); to
murmur الزمَانalways, ever; اهل زمَانهahl z. his
contemporaries
زمَزمzamzam copious, abundant (esp.
زمَنىzamanī temporal, time (adj.);
water); Zemzem, name of a well in Mecca
worldly, earthly; passing, transient,
زمَزمَيةzamzamīya water flasak, transitory; secular │ الغام زمَنيةmines with
canteen; O thermos bottle time fuse; ( قنبلة زمَنيةqunbula) time bomb
زمَزمَةzamzama pl. زمَازمzamāzim2 roll زمَانيzamānī temporal, time; worldly,
of thunder; roar of a lion 381 earthly; passing, transient, transitory;
زمَطzamaṭa to escape, slip away secular
سدsadda u (sadd) to plug up, close up, stop up سدةsadda block, barrier; obstruction,
( هـs.th.); to clog, congest ( هـs.th.); to bar, obstacle; barricade; dam │السدة الشريانية
obstruct, block up, barricade ( هـs.th., على (širyānīya) embolism (med.)
هـto s.o. s.th.); to block, blockade (هـ سدةsudda pl. سددsudad gate, door;
s.th.); to cork, plug, stopper ( هـs.th.); to threshold; seat; couch. divan │السدة الرسولية
pay, defray, settle, cover ( هـs.th., esp. (( )الباباويةrasūlīya) the Holy See
expenses, a debt, etc.); to fulfill, satisfy,
سددsadad obstruction, clogging (of a
meet ( هـa claim, and the like) │ سد
pipe)
(ثغرةtugratan) to fill a gap, close a breach;
( سد ثلمةtulmatan) to fill a gap; سد خلة سدادsadād payment, defrayment,
(kallatan) to remedy a shortcoming; سد settlement, discharge, liquidation; the
( حاجتهḥājatahū) to meet s.o.’s need, proper, right thing to do, the apposite
provide for s.o.; ( سد رمَقهramaqahū) to thing to say; appropriateness, appositeness
keep s.o. or o.s. barely alive, eke out an (of a remark), lucky hand (in one’s
existence; to provide s.o. with a bare actions) │ تحت السدادoutstanding, due,
existences; to allay s.o.’s hunger; سد مَسده unpaid (com.); بسدادappropriately,
(masaddahū) to fill s.o.’s place, replace
appositely; سداد الرأيs. ar-ra’y سدفsadaf pl. اسدافasdāf darkness, twilight,
levelheadedness dusk
سدادsudād obstruction in the nose سدفsudfa pl. سدفsudaf darkness,
twilight, dusk; curtain
سدادsidād pl. اسدةasidda plug, stopper,
cork │O سداد التوصيلplug (el.) سدلsadala u i (sadl) to let ( هـs.th.)
hang down or fall down; to let down,
سدادةsidāda plug, stopper, cork; O sight
drop, lower ( علىs.th. on); pass. sudila to
(of a gun)
hang down ( علىon) II and IV = I; V to
سديدsadīd hitting the target (arrow, 403 hang down, be lowered, be down VII
spear); apposite, pat, pertinent, relevant, to descend ( علىon)
right, correct (answer, view)
سدلsidl, sudl pl. سدولsudūl, اسدالasdāl
اسدasadd2 more apposite, more relevant veil, curtain
تسديدtasdīd payment, defrayment, سدمVII to dry up (spring)
settlement, discharge, liquidation │ تحت
سدمsadam sorrow, sadness, affliction,
التسديدoutstanding, due, unpaid (com.)
grief
سادsādd obstructive
سديمsadīm pl. سدمsudum mist, haze;
مَسدودmasdūd closed (circuit; el.) nebula (astron.)
□ (سدبeg.; sadab) = سذابsadāb سديميsadīmī nebular; nebulous
سدرsadira a (sadar, سدارةsadāra) to be سدانةsidāna office of gatekeeper or custodian
dazzled (eye); to be confused, bewildered, (of a shrine, specif. of the Kaaba)
startled, dazed; to be deluded
سادنsādin pl. سدنةsadana custodian,
سدرsidr (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. سدرsidar, gatekeeper of the Kaaba; sexton, sacristan
-āt, سدورsudūr a variety of Christ’s-thorn (Chr.); keeper, curator; pl. سدنةcrew (of a
(Zizyphus spina Christi; bot.); lotus tree │ machine gun, of a tank, etc.)
سدرة المنتهىs. al-muntahā the lotus tree in
( سدوand )سدىII to confer ( الى هـa benefit on
the Seventh Heaven; بلغ سدرة المنتهىto
s.o.) IV to confer ( لor الى هـa benefit on
attain the highest goal, achieve ultimate
s.o.); to render, perform, do ( هـs.th.) │ اسد
results
( ى اليه خدمَةkidma) to render s.o. a service;
سدارةsidāra pl. سدائرsadā’ir an Iraqi ( اسدى اليه الَرشاداتiršādāt) to make
headgear, commonly of black velvet; suggestions to s.o., advise s.o.; اسدى اليه
overseas cap ( الشكرšukr) to extend one’s thanks to s.o.,
سيدارةsīdāra pl. -āt = سدارةsidāra thank s.o.; اسدى فائدةto be beneficial; اسدى
( اليه )له( النصحnuṣḥ) to give s.o. (a word of)
سادرsādir reckless ( فيin s.th.) advice; ( اسدى اليه يداyadan) to do s.o. a
سدسII to make sixfold ( هـs.th.); to multiply by favor
six ( هـs.th.); to make hexagonal, make سدىsadan pl. اسديةasdiya warp (of a
hexangular ( هـs.th.) fabric); a continuous, prevailing
سدسsuds, sudus pl. اسداسasdās one- characteristic or trait, thread (of a story, of
sixth an argument, etc.)
سداسيsudāsī sixfold; consisting of six سداةsadāh warp (of a fabric); a
parts continuous, prevailing characteristic or
trait, thread (of a story, of an argument,
السادسas-sādis the sixth etc.)
مَسدسmuaaddas hexagonal; hexagon; سدىsudan in vain, futilely, to no end,
hexahedral; hexahedron; (pl. -āt) revolver, uselessly │ ذهب سدىto be in vain, futile,
sixshooter │ مَسدس اشارةm. išāra Very useless
pistol
سذابsadāb rue, herb of grace (bot.)
مَسدسةmusaddasa pistol, gun, revolver
سذبيsadabī of the rue (eulogy after the name of a deceased
Muslim saint)
سذاجةsadāja simplicity; innocence,
ingenuousness, naiveté; homeliness, سريsirrī secret; private; confidential;
plainness; guilelessness mysterious, cryptic; sacramental (Chr.) │
المَراض السريةvenereal diseases
ساذجsādaj, sādij pl. سذجsuddaj simple;
plain, uncolored, uniform (fabric); سريةsirrīya secret; sportiveness
innocent, ingenuous, naive; plain, homely; سرsurr pl. اسرةasirra umbilical cord
artless, guileless, candid, frank
(character); primitive سرةsurra pl. -āt, سررsurar navel,
1 umbilicus; center
( سرPers. sar head) formerly in compounds:
head, chief; سردارsirdār (Eg.) supreme سريsurrī umbilical │ ( الحبل السريḥabl)
commander; commanding general; سرعسك umbilical cord
رsar‘askar general (in the former سررsurur, sirar umbilical cord
Ottoman army); سريورانsaryawarān
adjutant general سررsurur line of the palm or forehead
2
سرsarra u ( سرورsurūr, تسرةtasirra, مَسرة سرارsarār: سرار الشهرs. aš-šahr last
masarra) to make happy, gladden, delight, night of the lunar month
cheer ( هs.o.); pass. surra ( سرورsurūr) to سرارsirār pl. اسرةasirra, اساريرasārīr2
be happy, glad, delighted ( لor مَنor بat), line of the palm or forehead; pl. features,
take pleasure ( لor مَنor بin) II to make facial expression, air, also اسارير الوجهa.
happy, gladden, delight, cheer ( هs.o.) III to al-wajh
confide a secret ( هto s.o.) │ ساره في اذنه
(udnihī) to whisper in s.o.’s ear IV to سرورsurūr joy, happiness, delight,
make happy, gladden, delight, cheer (ه pleasure; glee, gaiety, hilarity, mirth
s.o.); to keep secret, hide, conceal, سريرsarīr pl. اسرةasirra, سرورsurūr,
disguise ( هـs.th.); to tell confidentially, سرايرsarāyīr2 bedstead, bed; throne,
confide ( بor هـ الىto s.o. s.th.); to tell elevated seat
under one’s breath, whisper ( بor هـ الىto
سريرةsarīra pl. سرائرsarā’ir2 secret;
s.o. s.th.) │ ( اسر في اذنهudnihī) to whisper
secret thought; mind, heart, soul │ صفاء
in s.o.’s ear ( هـs.th.) V تسرىtasarrā (and ت
السريرةṣafā’ as-s. clearness of conscience;
سررtasarrara) to take ( بor هاa woman)
طيب السريرةṭayyib as-s. guileless
as concubine ( سريةsurriya) X to try to
simplehearted
hide; to hide, be hidden ( عنfrom); to take
as concubine ( هاa woman) سراءsarrā’2 happiness prosperity │ في
( السراء والضراءḍarrā’) in good and bad
سرsirr pl. اسرارasrār secret; secret
days, for better or for worse
thought; heart, inmost; secrecy; mystery;
sacrament (Chr.); underlying reason (of سريةsurriya pl. سراريsarārīy
s.th.); سراsirran secretly, privately │ سرا concubine
‘( وعلنيةalāniyatan) secretly and publicly; مَسرةmasarra pl. -āt joy, happiness,
سر الليلs. al-lail watchword, password; delight, pleasure; glee, gaiety, hilarity,
اسرار القرآنthe secret meaning of the mirth
Koran; كاتب السرsecretary; كاتم السرdo.; كلمة
السرkalimat as-s. watchword, password; بس مَسرةmisarra pl. مَسارmasārr2 speaking
ركمor في سركمto your 404 health! cheerio! tube; telephone
skoal! في سرهsecretly, تسرtasarrin concubinage
Inwardly, in his heart; اتعب سرهat‘aba استسرارistisrār concubinage
sirrahū to trouble, worry, bother, harass
s.o.; اجرى سراajrā sirran to dispense a سارsārr gladdening, gratifying, joyous,
sacrament (Chr.); قدس ا سرهqaddasa glad, cheering, delightful
llāhu sirrahū may God hallow his secret! مَسرورmasrūr glad, happy, delighted (ب
at), pleased ( بwith)
مَسرmusirr gratifying, delightful, سربالsirbāl pl. سرابيلsarābīl2 shirt; coat
pleasant of mail; garment
مَستسرmustasarr place of concealment مَتسربلmutasarbil: مَتسربل بالشبابblessed
with youthfulness, evincing youthful
سرادقsurādiq pl. -āt large tent, canopy,
freshness
pavilion
1
سرجsaraja to braid, plait (. هـthe hair) II do.;
سراطsirāṭ = صراطṣirāṭ way, path, road
to baste, tack ( هـs.th.); to saddle, ( هـan
سراىsarāy palace animal) IV do.; to light ( السراجthe lamp)
سرايةsarāya pl. -āt palace │ السراية سرجsarj pl. سروجsurūj; saddle
( الصفراءṣafrā’) insane asylum (eg.)
سراجsirāj pl. سرجsuruj lamp, light │O
1
سربsariba a (sarab) to flow; to run out, leak سراج الحركةs. al-ḥaraka traffic light; سراج
II to send in groups or batches ( ه, هـs.o., الليلs. al-lail firefly, glowworm
s.th., الىto) V to flow; to run out, flow off,
سراجةsirāja saddlery, saddler’s trade;
escape; to sneak away, slink away, steal
glanders
away; to stream, penetrate ( الىinto),
infiltrate ( الىs.th.); to creep ( فيinto); to سراجsarrāj saddler
sneak, slip, steal ( الىinto, among); to سروجيsurūjī saddler
creep along, flow along, glide along; to
seep through, leak out ( الىto, of a report); سروجيةsurūjīya saddlery, saddler’s
to spread, circulate, be passed around trade
(news) VII to hide, crawl into its lair اسروجةusrūja lie, falsehood
(animal)
مَسرجةmasraja pl. مَسارجmasārij2 lamp;
سربsirb pl. اسرابasrāb herd, flock, lampstand
bevy, covey, swarm; squadron, group, 2
wing, formation, flight (of aircraft); heart, سيرجlook up alphabetically
mind │( سرب مَن النحلnahl) swarm of bees; 3
سرجينsirjīn dung, manure
هادئ السربcalm, composed, confident
سرحsaraḥa a ( سروحsurūḥ) to move away, go
سربsarab pl. اسرابasrāb burrow, away, leave; to roam freely; to graze
hole, den, lair (of an animal); underground freely (cattle); to be distracted (mind); --
passage; tunnel, conduit 405 sariḥa a to proceed freely, at will, without
سربةsurba pl. سربsurab herd, flock, restraint │ ( سرح ومَرحmariḥa) to do as one
bevy, covey, swarm likes II to send ( هـcattle) to pasture; to
send, dispatch ( هs.o.); to let go ( هs.o.); to
سرابsarāb mirage, fata morgana; dismiss ( هاa woman by divorce); to grant
phantom; sewage ( هs.o.) leave, dismiss ( هs.o.); to release
مَسربmasrab pl. مَساربmasārib2 from an office, discharge, fire ( هs.o.); to
course (taken by s.th.); river bed; drain, release, set free ( هs.o.); to let ( هـthe eyes)
sewer wander; to demobilize, disband ( هـan
army); to dispel s.o.’s ( )عنworries (also
ساربsārib conspicuous, visible ;)سرح غمومَهto comb ( هـthe hair) │ سرح
ساربةsāriba pl. سواربsawārib2 reptile ( شعرهša‘rahū) to comb one’s hair, do
2 one’s hair; ( سرح نظرهnaẓarahū) to set
اسربlook up alphabetically
one’s eyes on ( )الىVII انسرح يفكر
سربلsarbala to clothe ( هs.o.) with a sirbāl (yufakkiru) to be deep in thought, be
(q.v.); to clothe, dress ( ب هs.o. in or with); absent-minded, allow one’s thoughts to
to cover, wrap ( هـs.th., بwith) II wander
tasarbala to put on a sirbāl (q.v.); to put
سراحsarāh dismissal (of a woman by
on, wear ( هـa garment); to be clothed,
divorce); release │ اطلق سرحaṭlaqa
clad, garbed ( بin, also fig.); to wrap o.s. (
sarāḥahū to release s.o., set s.o. free, set
بin); to dress up ( بin)
s.o. at liberty; اطلق سراحهiṭlāq s. his
release; مَطلق السراحmuṭlaq as-s. free, at سردوكsardūk pl. سراديكsarādīk2 rooster, cock
large (magr.)
سريحsarīḥ and بائع سارحhawker, peddler سردينsardīn (coll.; n. un. )ةsardines
سرحانsirḥān wolf سراسsirās and سيراسsee سيراس
(alphabetically)
مَسرحmasraḥ pl. مَسارحmasāriḥ2
pasture; stage, theater; scene │ مَسرح التمثيل سرسامsirsām a cerebral disease
theater 1
سرطsariṭa a (saraṭ, سرطانsaraṭān) and
مَسرحيmasraḥī dramatic, theatrical, saraṭa u i to swallow, gulp ( هـs.th.) V and
stage (adj.) VIII do.
مَسرحيةmasraḥīya pl. -āt (stage) play سرطانsaraṭān pl. -āt crayfish; cancer
(med.); Cancer (astron.) │ سرطان بحري
تسريحtasrīḥ dismissal; discharge;
(baḥrī) lobster
release; demobilization; (pl. تساريح
tasārīḥ2) permission, authorization 2
سراطsirāṭ = صراط
تسريحةtasrīḥa pl. -āt hairdo, coiffure سرعsaru‘a u (sirā‘, sarā‘, سرعةsur‘a)
to be quick, fast, prompt, rapid; to hurry II
سارحsāriḥ: سارح مَارحgrazing freely,
to urge ( هs.o.) to hurry; to urge on ( هـan
roaming freely; free and unrestrained; سار
animal); to speed up, accelerate, expedite (
ح الفكرsāriḥ al-fikr distracted,
هـs.th.) III to hurry, hasten, rush, run, dash
absentminded 406
( الىto); to make a beeline ( الىfor); to
مَنسرحmunsariḥ: المنسرحname of a hurry ( فيin, with), hasten (j to do s.th.),
poetic meter │ مَنسرح الفكرm. al-fikr do in a hurry ( فيs.th.); to rush, plunge
distracted, absent-minded with undue haste ( فيinto) IV to be quick,
ساروخsārūk pl. سواريخsawārīk2 rocket fast, prompt, rapid; to hurry, hasten, rush,
run, dash ( الىto); to hurry ( بor فيwith.
سردsarada u (sard) to pierce, perforate (هـ in), hasten ( بor j to do s.th.), do in a
s.th.); to carry on, continue ( هـs.th., e.g., a hurry ( بor فيs.th.); to accelerate, speed
conversation); to tell off one after another, up, expedite ( هـs.th.) V to hurry, hasten,
enumerate ( هـfacts, events); to present, rush, run, dash ( الىto); to hurry ( بor j
quote, detail, set forth neatly ( هـs.th.) II to with, in), hasten ( بor فيto do s.th.), do in
pierce, perforate ( هـs.th.) a hurry ( بor j s.th.); to be hasty, be rash (
سردsard enumeration; mentioning, بor j in) VI to hurry, hasten, rush, run,
quoting; neat, detailed presentation; dash ( الىto)
recital, presentation, rendition (of an سرعsur‘, sir‘ pl. اسراعasrā‘ reins
account, of a narrative, etc.); coherent,
logical سرعsur‘a speed, velocity, pace;
fastness, rapidity, quickness, promptness;
سريدةsarīda: سريدة المولدs. al-maulid hurry, haste │ سرعة الخاطرpresence of
discourse dealing with the birth of the mind; سرعة التصديقcredulity
Prophet (during celebration of
Mohammed’s birthday; tun.) سرعان مَاsar‘āna, sir‘āna, sur‘āna ma
(with foll. verb) how quickly ...!; soon,
O مَسردmasrad index (of a book) before long, presently, in no time
سردابsirdāb pl. سرادبsarādib2, سراديب سريعsarī‘ pl. سرعانsur‘ān, سراعsirā‘
sarādīb2 subterranean vault, cellar; fast, quick, prompt, rapid, speedy,
basement, basement flat expeditious, swift, nimble; السريعname of
سردارsirdār (formerly Eg.) supreme a poetic meter; express train; سريعاsarī‘an
commander; commanding general fast, quickly, rapidly, speedily, promptly │
سريع التأثرs. at-ta’attur easy to impress,
سرادقlook up alphabetically easily affected, sensitive; سريع الخاطر
quick-witted; O سريع الترددs. at-taraddud
high-frequency (el.); سريع الزوالs. az-
zawal ephemeral, fleeting, transient; سريع مَسروقاتmasrūqāt stolen goods
التصديقcredulous; ( سريع الطلق )الطلقاتs. al- مَنسرقmusariq: مَنسرق القوةm. al-qūwa
ṭalq quick-firing, rapid-fire; سريع العطبs. debilitated, exhausted
al-‘aṭab fragile; سريع التنقلs. at-tanaqqul
mobile, maneuverable, easily manageable سرقسطةsarqusṭa2 Zaragoza (city in NE Spain)
407 سرقينsirqīn dung, manure
2
اسرعasra’ faster, quicker, more rapid 1
( سركFr. cirque) sirke circus
│ مَا اسرع ان رايتهmā asra‘a an ra’aituhū 2
before long I saw him, it did not take very (سركيTurk. sergi) sarkī (com.) bill of
long before I saw him exchange payable to the bearer
سراعاsirā‘an quickly, in a hurry سرمsurm pl. asrām anus
اسراعisrā‘ acceleration, speed-up; سرمsarmad endless duration, eternity
hurry سرمَديsarmadī eternal, without
تسرعtasarru‘ hurry, haste; hastiness, beginning or end
rashness precipitance سرنديبsarandīb2 Ceylon
مَتسرعmutasarri‘ quick, fast, prompt, 1
سروsarw (coll.; n. un. )ةevergreen cypress
rapid; hasty, rash, precipitate (Cupressus sempervirens L.; bot.)
سرعسكرsee سر 2
سروII ( عن قلبهor) سرى عنهto rid s.o. of
سرفIV to exceed all bounds, be worries, and the like, dispel s.o.’s worries
immoderate, be extravagant ( فيin, at) (also هـworries); pass. سري عنهand سرى
exaggerate, overdo ( فيs.th.); to waste, ( عن نفسهsuriya) to leave s.o. (grief, sorrow,
squander, dissipate, spend lavishly ( في,هـ fear, and the like); to regain one’s
s.th., esp. money) composure, reel at peace again (after
anger, fear or excitement); his anxiety or
سرفsaraf and اسرافisrāf unrest left him; he found relaxation; he
intemperance, immoderateness, was cheered up, his spirits were raised VII
exaggeration; waste, dissipation, ( انسرى عنه = سري عنهsurriya)
extravagance, prodigality
سريsarīy pl. سرواءsurawā’2, اسرياء
مَسرفmusrif immoderate, intemperate, asriyā’2, سراةsarāh high-ranking, high;
excessive; extravagant, wasteful, prodigal high-minded, noble; distinguished
سرقsaraqa i (saraq, sariq, سرقة personality, notable; pl. سراةelite, leading
saraqa, sariqa, سرقانsarqān) to steal, class, the upper crust; see 1سرى
pilfer, filch ( مَن هـor ه هـfrom s.o. s.th.); to سراةsarāh pl. سررواتsarawāt hill;
rob ( مَن هـor ه هـs.o. of s.th.) II to accuse back; chief, head; see also سرىsarīy │سرو
of theft, call a thief ( هs.o.) III سارق النظر اليه ات القومs. al-qaum the leaden of the people
(naẓara) or سارقه النظرto steal a glance at
s.o., glance furtively at s.o.; سارق النوم تسريةtasriya pl. -āt diversion,
(nauma) to take a short nap VII pass. of I amusement, pastime
VIII to steal, filch, pilfer ( هـ مَنs.th. from َ سرولsirwāl, سراويلsirwāl pl. سراويلsarāwīl2
s.o.); to steal ( الىinto) │استرق السمع trousers, pants; drawers; panties 408
(sam‘a) to eavesdrop; to monitor (radio, 1
telephone, etc.); استرق النظر اليه = سارق النظر سرىsarā i ( سرىsuran, سريانsarayān, مَسرى
اليه; استرق النفاسto gasp, pant masran) to travel by night; to set out,
depart by night; to circulate; to flow
سرقةsariqa stealing, filching, pilfering; (electric current); to emanate, go out (مَن
robbery; (pl. -āt) theft, larceny from); to spread; to be valid, have validity,
سراقsarrāq thief be effective, be in, or come into, force (
علىfor). have or take effect ( علىon); to
سارقsāriq pl. -ūn, سرقةsaraqa, سراق apply. be applicable ( علىto); to penetrate (
surrāq, f. سارقةsāriqa pl. سوارقsawāriq فيs.th.), enter deeply ( فيinto); to pervade
thief
( الى نفسهs.o.’s soul, of a feeling) │سرى سراه spread out, spread, unfold, unroll (هـ
(surāhu) to traverse one’s nightly course; s.th.) ;: to level, even, plane, flatten, make
( سرى مَفعولهmaf‘ūluhū) to be valid, be smooth ( هـs.th.) V to be spread out, be
effective, be in force IV to travel by night; unfolded; to be leveled, be evened; to lie
to make ( بs.o.) travel by night V تسرى down on one’s back VII to be spread out.
see 2 سرsarra V be unfolded; to lie flat on one’s back, be
supine
سرىsarīy pl. اسريةasriya, سريانsuryān
little creek, brook; see also under 2سرو سطحsaṭḥ pl. سطوحsuṭūḥ surface (also
geom.); plane (geom.); (pl. also اسطحة
سريةsariya pl. سراياsarāyā (military)
asṭiḥa, اسطحasṭuḥ) (flat) roof, terrace;
detachment, flying column, raiding party;
deck (of a ship); سطوحsuṭūḥ (eg., syr.)
company (mil.) │( سرية خيالةkayyāla)
roof terrace │ سطح البحرs. al-baḥr sea
cavalry squadron; سرية الطائراتsquadron
level; سطح مَائلinclined plane
of aircraft
سطحيsaṭḥī external, outer, outward,
سريانsarayān spread, diffusion;
outside, exterior; flat; superficial; سطحيات
validity, effectiveness, coming into force
saṭḥīyāt externals, superficialities
مَسرىmasran: مَسرى مَحمدmasrā
سطحيةsatḥīya flatness; superficiality
muḥammad the point of departure for
Mohammed’s midnight journey to the سطيحsaṭīḥ flat, spread out, stretched
seven heavens, i.e., Jerusalem out, supine
اسراءisrā’ nocturnal journey; الَسراء مَسطاحmisṭāḥ threshing floor
Mohammed’s midnight journey to the مَسطحmusaṭṭaḥ even, level, flat; (pl.
seven heavens -āt) surface │( قدم مَسطحةqadam) flat foot
سارsārin pl. سراةsurāh traveling by 1
سطرsaṭara u (saṭr) and II to rule (هـ
night; night reveler, night hawk; s.th.), draw lines ( هـon a sheet of paper);
contagious (disease); in force, effective, to write, jot down, record ( هـs.th.); to
valid │ سارى المفعولin force, effective, draw up, compose ( هـs.th.) 409
valid
سطرsaṭr, saṭar pl. سطورsuṭūr, اسطر
ساريةsāriya a mood or atmosphere asṭur, اسطارasṭār line; row
which prevails in, or pervades, a room
(e.g., سارية مَن الجهامَةan all-pervading ساطورsāṭūr pl. سواطيرsawāṭīr2 cleaver
gloom); -- (pl. -āt, سوارsawārin) column; اسطورةusṭūra pl. اساطيرasāṭīr2 fable,
shipmast legend, saga, myth; fabulous story, yarn
2
سراىand سرايةlook up alphabetically اسطورىusṭūrī mythical, legendary,
3
سريانsuryān Syrians (coll.) members of the fabulous
East Syrian Church مَسطرةmisṭara pl. مَساطرmasāṭir2 ruler;
سريانيsuryānī Syriac, Syrian; a underlines, guideline sheet; see also
member of the East Syrian Church alphabetically │O مَسطرة الحسابslide rule
سرياورانsaryāwarān (formerly) adjutant مَسطارmisṭār trowel
general مَسطرينmasṭarīn (eg.) trowel
سيسبانlook up alphabetically تسطيرtasṭīr writing down, recording
1
اسطبةlook up alphabetically مَسطرmusaṭṭar piece of writing, paper,
2
مَسطبةmasṭaba, misṭaba pl. مَساطبmasāṭib 2 document
stone bench (against a wall); mastaba 2
سيطرand derivatives look up alphabetically
سطحsaṭaḥa u (saṭḥ) to spread out, spread, سطعsaṭa‘a a (saṭ‘, سطوعsuṭū‘) to rise; to
unfold, unroll ( هـs.th.); to level, even, spread (dust, fragrance); to shine, be
plane, flatten, make smooth ( هـs.th.); to
throw to the ground, fell ( هs.o.) II to
brilliant, be radiant; to be or become الهيئة السعديةal-hai’a as-sa‘dīya the
manifest, obvious, plain, clear Saadist union (formerly a political
movement in Egypt); السعديونas-sa‘dīyūn
سطعsaṭ‘ brilliance, radiance, glow;
the Saadists, the followers of Saad
brightness, luminosity
Zaghlūl (1856-1927)
سطعsaṭa‘ thump, thud, plump
سعدsu‘d Cyperus (bot.)
سطوعsuṭū‘ brilliance, radiance, glow;
سعيدsa‘īd pl. سعداءsu‘adā’ happy (ب
brightness, luminosity
about, at); radiant, blissful; lucky,
اسطعasṭa‘ more brilliant, brighter; auspicious; felicitous │ سعيد الذكرs. ad-
clearer, more obvious dikr of blessed memory, the late ...
ساطعsāṭi‘ pl. سواطعsawāṭi‘2 radiant, سعادةsa‘āda happiness; bliss, felicity;
brilliant, shining, luminous, bright; good fortune, success, prosperity, welfare;
manifest, obvious, clear, plain, patent, title of a pasha; sa‘ādat … (with foll.
evident (proof) name) title of high officials (syr., 410
سطلsaṭala u (saṭl) to intoxicate (s.o.) VII to Leb.) │ سعادتكمYour Grace (form of
become or be intoxicated address to a pasha); صاحب السعادةtitle of a
pasha; “ دار السعادةHouse of Bliss”, ancient
سطلsaṭl pl. اسطالasṭāl, سطولsuṯūl name of Istanbul
bucket, pail (of wood or metal)
2
سعوديsa‘ūdī Saudi │ المملكة العربية
اسطولlook up alphabetically ( السعوديةmamlaka) Saudi Arabia
سطامsitām plug, stopper سعدانsa‘dān pl. سعادينsa‘ādīn2 ape
( سطو )سطوsaṭā u (saṭw, سطوsaṭwa) to rush, سعدانةsa‘dāna pl. -āt nipple, teat │سعدانة
pounce, jump ( بor علىupon), assail, البابdoorknob
attack ( بor علىs.o.); to burglarize (على
place), break into a place ()على اسعدas‘ad2 happier, luckier
شحطةšaḥṭa pl. -āt stripe, braid (on a شحناءšaḥnā’2 grudge, rancor, hatred,
uniform) enmity
شحاطةšaḥḥāṭa pl. -āt (syr.) match, مَشاحنةmušāḥana pl. -āt grudge, rancor,
lucifer hatred, enmity; quarrel, feud, controversy
( شدا )شدوšadā u (šadw) to sing; to chant (هـ تفرقوا شذر مَذرtafarraqū šadara madara,
s.th.); to acquire or have education, šidara midara they scattered in all
become or be educated ( فيin a field) │ شدا directions
شيئا مَن العربيةto know a little Arabic, have a شذوšadw fragrance of musk
smattering of Arabic
شذاšadan flagrance, scent, aroma
شدوšadw song, chant
شذىšadīy fragrant, aromatic
شادšādin pl. شادونšādūn educated,
شرšarra (1st pers. perf. šarirtu) a, (1st pers.
trained (e.g., في اللغةlinguistically) │ ليلة
perf. šarurtu) u (šarr, شرةširra) to be bad,
شاديةlaila šādiya soirée of vocal music
evil, wicked, vicious, malicious,
شاديةšādiya songstress, singer malignant
شدياقšidyāq pl. شدايقةšadāyiqa sub deacon شرšarr pl. شرورšurūr evil, ill,
(Chr.) mischief; calamity, disaster; iniquity,
شذšadda i u (šadd, شذوذšudūd) to segregate, injustice; harm, damage, injury;
separate, isolate o.s. ( عنfrom), be wickedness, viciousness, malice; vice, sin;
separated, isolated ( عنfrom), be outside -- (pl. اشرارašrār) bad, evil, wicked,
s.th. ()عن, elude ( عنs.th.); to be alone; to vicious, malicious; evildoer, culprit; --
be irregular, deviate, stand out ( علىor عن šarr (as elative) worse, more evil │ هزمَهم
from), be an exception ( علىor عنto); to (شر هزيمةšarra hazīmatin) he brought utter
be wanting, lacking; to decrease, dwindle defeat upon them 461
undress, disrobe, strip ( هs.o.); to roh, شمةšamma pinch (of snuff); smell,
plunder ( هs.o.) odor; slight trace of s.th., whiff
مَشيبmašīb grayness of the hair, gray شيخةšaika pl. -āt an old, or elderly,
or white hair; old age woman, a matron
مَصورmuṣawwir pl. -āt former, shaper, مَصاغmaṣāg jewelry, jewels, gold and
fashioner, creator; painter; photographer; silver articles
cameraman (motion pictures); draftsman, صائغṣā’ig pl. صياغṣuyyāg, صاغةṣāga,
commercial artist, illustrator │ مَصور صواغṣuwwāg goldsmith, jeweler
الكائناتthe Creator of the Universe; المصور
مَصوغاتmaṣūgāt gold and silver
( الكهربائي للقلبkahrabā’ī, qalb)
jewelry, goldsmithery, jewelry
electrocardiograph
2
صاغlook up alphabetically
مَصورةmuṣawwira camera
صوفṣūf pl. اصوافaṣwāf wool
صوفيṣūfī of wool, woolen; Islamic ( صان )صونṣāna I (ṣaun, صيانةṣiyāna) to
mystic, Sufi preserve, conserve, keep, retain, maintain,
sustain, uphold ( هـs.th.); to maintain (هـ
صوفيةṣūfiya Sufi way of life; الصوفية
e.g., a machine, an automobile); to
Sufism (Islamic mysticism)
protect, guard, safeguard, keep, save ( عن
صوفانṣūfān tinder, touchwood, punk هـ هs.o., s.th. from); to defend ( ه, عن هـs.o.,
صوفانةṣūfāna tinder, touchwood, punk s.th. against) V to uphold one’s honor, live
chastely, virtuously (woman); to shut o.s.
صوافṣawwāf wool merchant off; seclude o.s. protect o.s.
التصوفat-taṣawwuf Sufism (Islamic صونṣaun, preservation, conservation,
mysticism), the Sufi way of life; guarding, keeping; susten(ta)tion,
mysticism upholding; maintenance, upkeep, care;
المتصوفةal-mutaṣawwifa the Sufis, 531 protection, safeguard(ing), securing,
members of Sufi communities, mystics defense; chastity, respectability │ صاحبة
الصونhonorary title or ladies of high
صوفياṣōfiyā Sofia (capital of Bulgaria) social standing
1
(صال )صولṣāla u (ṣaul, صولةṣaula, صيال صوانṣiwān, ṣuwān pl. اصونةaṣwina
ṣiyāl) to spring, jump, leap ( علىon), cupboard, case
attack, assault ( علىs.o.) II to pan, wash
out ( هـgrain, gold) III to vie, compete (هـ صوانṣawwan (coll.; n. un. )ةflint;
with s.o.) granite
صولةṣaula pl. -āt attack, assault; force, صوانيṣawwānī: ( ادوات صوانيةadawāt)
tyranny, despotism, arbitrariness flint implements
2
( صولTurk. sol) approx.: sergeant major, صيانةṣiyāna = صونṣaun │ مَلك الصيانة
technical sergeant (Eg.) │ صول التعليم malak aṣ-ṣ. guardian angel (Chr.)
approx.: master sergeant; صول التعيين صائنṣā’in preserver, sustainer,
approx.: quartermaster sergeant (mil.) maintainer, keeper, guardian, protector;
صولجانṣaulajān pl. صوالجةṣawāllija staff with protective
a curved end; polo mallet; scepter, mace مَصونmaṣūn well-protected, well-kept,
( صام )صومṣāma u (ṣaum, صيامṣiyām) to guarded, sheltered; chaste, virtuous
abstain ( عنfrom s.th.); to abstain from (woman); also an epithet for women
food, drink, and sexual intercourse; to fast صوةṣūwa pl. صوىṣuwan stone landmark, trail
صومṣaum abstention, abstinence, mark
abstemiousness; fasting, fast; الصومfasting صوىṣawā i (ṣuwīy) and ṣawiya a (ṣawan) and
during the month of Ramadan, one of the II to dry up, wither, wilt; -- ṣawā to peep,
five principal duties of the Muslim │ الصو cheep, squeak, chirp, screech
م الكبيرthe Great Fast = Lent (Chr.); عيد
‘ صوم الغفرانīd ṣ. al-gufrān Yom Kippur, صيتsee صوت
Day of Atonement (Jud.) ( صاح )صيحṣāḥa i (ṣaiḥ, صياحṣiyāḥ) to cry,
صيامṣiyām fasting, fast yell, shout; to scream, screech; to crow; to
utter, let out ( صيحةṣaiḥatan a cry); to call
صيامَيṣiyāmī Lenten fare out ( بto s.o.), shout, bellow, bawl ( فيor
صائمṣā’im pl. -ūn, صومṣuwwam, صيم علىat s.o.) II to cry out (loud), roar,
ṣuyyam, صيامṣiyām fasting (adj.); faster, bellow, bawl VI to shout at one another,
one who fasts call out to one another; to clamor, raise a
din
الصومَالaṣ-ṣomāl Somaliland
صيحṣaiḥ crying, clamor
صومَاليṣomalī Somali (adj. and n.)
صيحةṣaiḥa (n. vic.) pl. -āt cry, outcry,
صومَعةṣauma‘a see صمع shout │ صيحة الحربṣ. al-ḥarb battle cry,
war cry; ( ارسل صيحاتarsala) to utter cries;
صاح صيحةto utter a cry; على صيحةwithin s.o.); to betake o.s., come, get ( عندor الى
shouting distance; ذهب صيحة في واد to); to arrive ( الىat); to end, wind up (الى
(ṣaiḥatan) to die unheard (call) with), result ( الىin); صار به الىto lead,
bring s.o. or s.th. to; ( يصار الىyuṣāru) one
صياحṣiyāḥ crying, clamor, cry, outcry;
proceeds to ..., one will eventually..., one
cry of a bird
will wind up with ... II to induce ( هs.o.) to
صياحṣayyāḥ crier, loud-mouthed become ( هـs.th.), make ( هـ هs.o. into s.th.,
person; noisy, clamorous, vociferous, out of s.o. s.th.)
crying
صيرṣīr crack (of the door); small salted
تصايحtaṣāyuḥ crying, clamor, roar, fish
bellow(ing)
صيرورةṣairūra (act or process of)
1
( صاد )صيدṣāda i (ṣaid) to catch (in a trap), becoming, development; end, outcome,
trap ( هـgame); to hunt ( هـgame); to hunt upshot, result
down ( هـgame); to catch ( هـfish) V to
مَصيرmaṣīr development, progress
hunt for prey; to hunt down (s.th.); to
(e.g., of work); -- (pl. مَصايرmaṣāyir2)
catch ( هـs.th.); VIII = I │ اصطاد في الماء
place at which one arrives; end, outcome,
‘( العكرakir) to fish in troubled waters
upshot, issue, result; fate, destiny, lot; life;
صيدṣaid hunting, hunt; angling, fishing see also under مَصر │ تقرير المصيرself-
(also صيد السمكṣ. as-samak); game, determination (pol.); مَصير كل حيm. kull
venison, prey, quarry │ ( مَن صيد خيالهṣ. ḥayyin the way of all flesh
kayālihī) dreamed up by him, a product of
تصييرtaṣyīr cession, transfer (jur.)
his fantasy (of a story)
صيصيةṣīṣiya pl. صياصṣayāṣin spur of the
صيادṣayyād pl. -āt hunter; fisher │ صياد
rooster
السمكṣ. as-samak fisher, fisherman;
kingfisher (zool.) صيغةsee صوغ
صيداءṣaidā’ Sidon (city in Lebanon) ( صاف )صيفṣāfa i (ṣaif) to be summery; to
spend the summer, estivate ( هـor بin) │
مَصيدةmiṣyada pl. مَصايدmaṣāyid2 trap,
( صاف الزمَان ام شتاzamānu am šatā) at all
snare; net; hunting or fishing implement
times, under all circumstances II, V, VIII
مَصيدةmaṣyada pl. مَصايدmaṣāyid2 =I
fishery, fishing grounds (also )مَصيد السماك
صيفṣaif pl. اصيافaṣyāf summer
2
صادṣād name or the letter ص
صيفيṣaifī summery, estival, summer
صيدليةṣaidalīya apothecary’s trade; pharmacy, (adj.) │ توقيت صيفيdaylight-saving time
pharmacology
مَصيفmaṣīf pl. مَصايفmaṣāyif2
صيدليṣaidalī pl. صيادلةṣayādila summer residence, summer resort; rest
pharmacist, druggist, apothecary center, holiday camp
صيدلَنيṣaidalānī pharmacist, druggist, اصتيافiṣtiyāf summering, summer
apothecary vacationing
صيدليةṣaidalīya pl. -āt pharmacy; صائفةṣā’ifa summer(time)
drugstore
مَصطافmuṣṭāf summer resort; (pl. -ūn)
صيدلياتṣaidalīyāt drugs, pharmaceutics vacationist, summer visitor
( صار )صيرṣāra i (ṣair, صيرورةṣairūra, مَصير الصينaṣ-ṣīn China; the Chinese │ بلد الصين
maṣīr) to become ( هـs.th.); (with foll. China
imperf.) to begin, commence, start to ...,
صينيChinese (adj. and n.); porcelain,
come to ..., get to ..., get into a situation
china
where ..., get to the point where ...; to set
in, occur, happen, come to pass, 532 take صينيةṣīnīya (syr. ṣēnīya, leb. ṣainīya)
place; to fall to s.o.’s ( )لlot, befall (ل pl. صوانيṣawānī a large, round metal plate
with raised brim, esp. one made of copper, ضبةḍabba pl. -āt, ضبابḍibāb door
used as baking tin, serving tray and table bolt, latch; wooden lock
top; turntable, ( صينية مَتحركةmutaḥarrika); ضبابḍadāb fog, mist
pl. chinaware, porcelain vessels
ضبرḍabara u to gather, collect, assemble
صيوانṣīwān pl. -āt, صواوينṣawāwīn2 (large)
tent, pavilion, marquce ضبارةḍabāra, ḍubāra and اضبارةiḍbāra
pl. اضابرaḍābir2 file, dossier
اضبورuḍbūr file, dossier
ضبحḍabaḥa a (ḍabḥ) to blacken ( هـs.th., said
ض of fire); to snort (horse)
ضبطḍabaṭa u (ḍabṭ) to grab, grasp, seize,
catch, apprehend, arrest, detain ( ه, هـs.o.,
ضادḍād name of the letter ;ضa sound s.th.), take hold ( ه, هـof s.o., of s.th.); to
peculiar to Arabic, hence: اهل الضادahl aḍ- keep, hold, retain ( هـs.th.); to tackle
ḍ. the Arabic-speaking peoples, the Arabs; resolutely, master, overcome ( هـs.th.),
ابناء الضادdo.; اقطار الضادthe Arabic- cope (a with s.th.); to have ( هـs.th.) under
speaking countries; لغة الضادlugat aḍ-ḍ. control, have command ( هـover s.th.); to
the Arabic language restrain, hold back, keep down, subdue,
ضؤلḍa’ula u ( ضآلةḍa’āla, ضؤولةḍa’ūla) to be check, curb, control ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to
small, tiny, little, scanty, meager, slight, seize, distrain, impound, confiscate (a
sparse, feeble, faint, thin; to diminish, s.th.); to do ( هـs.th.) accurately, precisely,
dwindle, wane, decline, shrink, decrease meticulously, or well; to render precise,
VI = I define precisely ( هـs.th.); to regulate,
adjust ( هـs.th., e.g., techn.); to determine
ضآلةḍa’āla ( ضئالةḍi’āla) smallness, precisely ( كلمةkalimatan the spelling and
littleness, tininess; minuteness, scantiness, pronunciation of a word), vowel(ize) ( هـa
meagerness, slightness, sparsity, paucity, word); to observe strictly, keep exactly (a
feebleness, faintness, thinness; waning, time); to regulate, settle, put or keep in
dwindling, diminution, decrease; order ( هـs.th.); to correct (a s.th.); to enter,
shrinking, shrinkage; small number book, record, register ( هـs.th.); to measure
ضؤولةḍa’ūla = ضآلةḍa’ālah off exactly, measure out ( هـs.th.), take
exactly the right amount, the right
ضئيلḍa’īl pl. ضئالḍi’āl, ضؤلَءḍu’alā’2
proportion ( هـof) VII to be detained, be
small, tiny, minute, little, scanty, slight,
held back, be held up; to be regulated, be
meager, sparse, feeble, faint, thin
kept in order, be disciplined; to be
تضاؤلtaḍā’ul = ضآلةḍa’āla determined, be established, etc. (pass. of
ضامَةḍāma checkers ḍabaṭa)
( طلوand طلى )طلوṭalā i (ṭaly) to paint, daub ( ب اطمئنانiṭmi’nān calm, repose, serenity,
هـs.th. with); to coat, overlay, plate (ب هـ peace, peacefulness, tranquility;
s.th. with) │ ( طل هـ بالذهبdahab) to gild reassurance, peace of mind, composure,
s.th.; ( طلى هـ بالكهرباءkahrabā’) to calmness, equanimity; trust, confidence
galvanize, electroplate s.th.; طلى هـ بالميناه مَطمئنmuṭma’inn (of land) low, low-
(mīnā’) to enamel s.th. VII لم تنطل عليه هذه lying; calm, quiet, at ease, composed,
( الحيلةḥīla) he wouldn’t be deceived by (re)assured, tranquil, serene, peaceable,
this ruse, this trick couldn’t fool him peaceful, safe, secure; sure, certain;
طلاءṭilā’ coating, overlaying, plating; trusting, confident, of good hope
coat, covering (e.g., of sugar); (coat of) طمثṭamata u and ṭamita a (ṭamt) to
paint; make-up, face paint │ الطلاء بالكهرباء menstruate; -- ṭamata u i (ṭamt) to
(kahrabā’) galvanization, electroplating deflower ( هاa girl)
طلىṭalīy pleasant, becoming, nice, طمثṭamt menstruation; menses,
pretty menstrual discharge
طلاوةṭalāwa beauty, gracefulness, طمحṭamaḥa a ( طموحṭumūḥ) to turn, be
grace, elegance directed ( الىto. toward; of the eye, of
الطليانaṭ-ṭulyān the Italians glances); to aspire ( الىto, after), be bent (
الىon), strive, crave, long, yearn ( الىfor),
طليطلةṭulaiṭila2 Toledo (town in Spain) covet ( الىs.th.); to take away, remove (ب
طمṭamma u (ṭamm, طمومṭumūm) to overflow, s.th.)
flood, inundate, deluge, engulf ( هـs.th.) طموحṭumūḥ striving, endeavor,
VII pass. of I aspiration, desire, craving, coveting,
طمṭamm large quantity, huge amount; longing, yearning; ambition; high
sea │ ( الطم والرمrimm) tremendous riches aspirations, loftiness of purpose
طموحṭamūḥ high-aiming, high-aspiring, طماطمṭamāṭim2 (coll.; n. un. )ةtomatoes
ambitious; craving, covetous, desirous, طمطمانيṭumṭumānī barbarous, barbaric,
avid, eager uneducated (esp. speech, pronunciation)
طماحṭammāḥ high-aiming, high- طمعṭami‘a a (ṭama‘) to covet, desire ( بor في
aspiring, ambitious; craving, covetous, s.th.), wish, crave, strive ( بor فيfor),
desirous, avid, eager aspire ( بor فيto, after); to expect (ب
مَطمحmaṭmaḥ pl. مَطامَحmaṭāmiḥ object s.th., مَنfrom); to hope ( فيfor); to be
of one’s longing or striving, (aspired) ambitious; -- ṭamu‘a u ( طماعةṭamā‘a) to
goal, aim, ambition, burning desire 568 be covetous, avid, greedy, avaricious II to
make ( هs.o.) desirous ( فيof), fill ( هs.o.)
طامَحṭāmiḥ high-aiming, high-aspiring;
with greed ( فيfor); to allure, tempt, entice
longing, yearning, craving, covetous, avid,
( هs.o.); to give ( هs.o.) hope ( فيof), hold
eager
out hopes ( هto s.o., فيof s.th.), embolden (
1
طمرṭamara u i (ṭamr) to bury, inter, cover هs.o.), encourage ( في هs.o. to do s.th.) IV =
with earth ( هـs.th., esp. a corpse); ṭamara II
i to cover up ( هـa thing), fill up ( هـa well)
طمعṭama‘ pl. اطماعaṭmā‘ greed,
طمرṭimr pl. اطمارaṭmār old, tattered greediness, avidity, covetousness;
garment, fags, tatters ambitious desire, ambition; object of
طمرṭimirr fiery steed, race horse desire
(‘ عاذ )عوذāda u (‘aud, ‘ عياذiyād, مَعاذma‘ād) to ‘ عوارawār, ‘iwār fault, blemish, defect,
seek the protection ( مَن بof s.o. from or flaw, imperfection
against), take refuge ( مَن بwith s.o. from) ‘ عوارuwwār a variety of swallow
│ اعوذ بالa‘ūdu bi-llāh God forbid! God
‘ عيرīra (eg.) false, artificial (teeth,
save me from that! II to protect ( مَن هs.o.
hair)
from or against, by placing him under the
wing بof s.o. else); to pronounce a charm اعورa‘war2, f. ‘ عوراءaurā’2, pl. ‘ عورūr
or incantation ( هover s.o.); to fortify (ه one-eyed │ ( المعي العورma‘y) caecum,
s.o.) with a charm, incantation or amulet blind gut
IV = II; to place s.o. ( )هunder God’s اعارةi‘āra lending
protection, pray to God that he guard s.o. (
)هagainst s.th. 655 V = I; X = I; to protect اعاريi‘ārī: ( مَكتبة اعاريةmaktaba)
o.s., make o.s. proof ( بby means of) lending library, circulating library
‘ عوذaud (act of) taking refuge تعاورta‘āwur alternation, variation,
fluctuation
‘ عوذawad refuge, place of refuge,
retreat, asylum, sanctuary استعارةisti‘āra borrowing; metaphor
‘ عوذةūda pl. ‘ عوذuwad amulet, استعاريisti‘ārī metaphorical, figurative
talisman; charm, spell, incantation
1
‘ عاريةāriya or ‘ārīya pl. ‘ عورawārin غبto attack every other day ( ه, علىs.o., of
s.th. borrowed, borrowing; loan fever)
مَعيرmu‘īr lender غبgibb end, outcome, upshot, issue,
effect, result, consequence; gibba (prep.)
مَعارmu‘ār lent, loaned
after │ زاره غباzarahū gibban to visit s.o.
مَستعيرmusta‘īr borrower at intervals; حمى الغبḥummā l-g. tertian
مَستعارmusta‘ār borrowed; used fever
metaphorically or figuratively; false, غببgabab pl. اغبابagbāb dewlap (of
artificial (e.g., hair) │ ( اسم مَستعارism) bovines), wattle
pseudonym; وجوه مَستعارmasked faces;
مَغبةmagabba pl. -āt end, outcome,
hypocrites
upshot, issue, effect, result, consequence
2
‘ عارārin see عرى 2
غبgabba u (= ‘ عبabba u) to gulp down,
‘ عوزawiza a (‘awaz) to be or become poor, pour down, toss down, drink avidly (هـ
needy, destitute; -- ‘ عازāza u (‘auz) to s.th.)
need, require ( هـs.th.), be in want or need
غبةgubba swallow, gulp, draught
( هـof s.th.) IV اعوزa‘waza to be or
become poor, needy, destitute │ اعوزه غبرgabara u ( غبورgubūr) to go by,
( الشيءšai’u) he lacked the thing, he elapse, pass; to be past, elapsed, bygone II
needed it, he was in want of it to soil, or cover, with dust ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.);
to raise dust │ ( غبر في وجههwajhihī) to
‘ عوزawaz lack, need, want, necessity,
surpass, outstrip, outdo s.o., be superior to
exigency; poverty, neediness, destitution,
s.o. IV = II; V to be dust-covered, be or
indigence, penury
become dusty IX to be dust-colored
‘ عوزawiz poor, needy, destitute,
غبرgabir recrudescent, reopening
necessitous, indigent
(wound)
‘ عازةāza lack, need, want, necessity,
غبرةguhra dust color
exigency; poverty, poorness
غبرةgabara dust
اعوزa‘waz2 poor, needy, destitute,
indigent, necessitous 656 غبارgubār dust; (pl. اغبرةagbira) dust
cloud │ ( لَ غبار عليهgubāra) clear, plain,
distinct; unobjectionable, incontestable;
blameless, irreproachable, faultless,
impeccable (morally); مَا شق غبارهmā
غ šaqqa gubārahū he never quite attained
his (another’s) eminence, he did not
measure up to him; لَ يشق غبارهlā yušaqqu
غابانيgābānī cashmere, a soft twilled fabric gubāruhū or ( لَ يشق له غبارyušaqqu) he is
غارsee غور unsurpassable, he is unequaled;
unsurpassable, unequaled, unrivaled,
غازgāz pl. -āt gas; petroleum, oil (magr.) │ peerless, incomparable; ( جرى في غبارهjarā)
( الغازات السامَةsāmma) the poison gases to follow s.o. loyally
غازيgāzī gaseous, gaslike │ مَياه غازية اغبرagbar2, f. غبراءgabrā’2, pl. غبر
carbonated water, mineral water gubr dust-colored; dust-covered, dusty; ال
( غازوزةIt. gasosa) gāzūza soda water غبرthe earth, the ground; الغبراءthe Earth
1
غالgāl pl. -āt padlock اغبرارigbirār grudge, rancor,
2
resentment ( علىtoward)
الغالal-gāl Gaul (country)
غابرgābir pl. غابرgawābir2 bygone,
غاليgālī Gallic; (pl. -ūn) a Gaul past, elapsed; the past │ الزمَان الغابرةor
غانةgāna2, غاناGhana القديم الغابرold times, ancient times
غبشgabaš pl. اغباشagbāš darkness, dark, wronged, injured │ رجع بصفقة المغبونor. عاد
duskiness; the twilight before sunrise, last (bi-ṣafqati l-m.) to return empty-handed;
shadows of the night to lose the game
2
غبشgabiš dark (night); opaque, not غبانيgabānī and غابانيgābānī cashmere, a
transparent soft twilled fabric
غبشةgabša twilight (of dawn) ( غبوand )غبيgahiya a ( غباوةgabāwa) not to
comprehend ( عنor هـs.th.), have no
اغبشagbaš 2, f. غبشاءgabšā’, pl. غبش
knowledge, be ignorant ( عنor هـof s.th.);
gubš dark (night); opaque, not transparent
to be unknown, unfamiliar ( علىto s.o.) VI
غباشةgabāša weakness of the eyes, to be unaware ( عنof s.th.)
asthenopia
غبيgabīy pl. اغبياءagbiyā’2 unwise,
غبطgabaṭa i (gabṭ) to envy ( على هs.o. s.th. or unjudicious, ignorant, foolish, stupid; dolt,
for s.th.); pass. gubiṭa to be happy II to numbskull, ignoramus
make ( هs.o.) envious; to deem ( هs.o.)
غباءgabā’ ignorance, foolishness,
fortunate, call ( هs.o.) happy VIII to be 664
stupidity
glad, be delighted, rejoice, exult, be
jubilant ( بat, about), be elated ( بby); to غباوةgabāwa ignorance, foolishness,
be happy ( بabout); to be pleased, be stupidity
satisfied ( بwith) غبوةgabwa riddle, puzzle
غبطةgabṭa state of happiness, اغبىagbā stupider, more foolish, more
happiness, exultation, delight, rapture, simple-minded
bliss, felicity; beatitude; title of the
Patriarch (Copt.-Chr.) صاحب الغبطةdo.; كان غتgatta u (gatt) to press, choke, throttle (ه
( مَكان غبطةmaḥalla g.) to be in an enviable s.o.); to dip, plunge, immerse ( ه, في هـs.o.,
position s.th. in) │ ( غت الضحكḍaḥika) to suppress
one’s laughter, bite one’s lip
اغتباطigtibāṭ joy, delight, rejoicing,
exultation, triumph, jubilation; happiness, غثgatta i a ( غثاثةgatāta, غثوثةgutūta) to be or
contentedness, satisfaction, gratification, become lean, meager; -- gatta i (gatt, غثيث
pleasure gatīt) to feater, suppurate, discharge pus
(wound)
مَغبوطmagbūṭ in an enviable position,
happy, lucky, fortunate; blessed, beatified, غثgatt lean, thin, scrawny; meager,
canonized (Chr.) scanty, poor, wretched
مَغتبطmugtabiṭ glad, happy, delighted ( غثيثgatīt lean, thin, scrawny; pus,
بat), pleased, satisfied ( بwith), gratified matter
( بby) غثاثةgatāta leanness, thinness,
1
غبنgabana i (gabn) to cheat, dupe, scrawniness
gull, defraud, overreach ( في هs.o. in), غثيgatā i to confuse, muddle, jumble, garble (
impose ( فيupon s.o. in) هـs.th.); -- غثت نفسهgatat nafsuhū (gaty,
غبنgabn, gubn pl. غبونgubūn fraud, غثيانgatayān) and ( غثيت نفسهgatiyat) to
deceit, imposture, swindle; defraudation, feel like vomiting, feel sick, be indisposed
cheating, duping; damage, wrong, غثيgaty nausea, qualmishness,
prejudice │ غبن فاحشcriminal fraud (Isl. sickness; indisposition
Law)
غثيانgatayān nausea, qualmishness,
غبنgaban stupidity sickness; indisposition
تغابنtagābun mutual cheating │ يوم غثاءgutā’ scum
التغابنyaum at-t. the Day of Resurrection
( غجرeg.) to scold, use abusive language,
مَغبونmagbūn deceived, defrauded, curse, swear
cheated, gulled, duped; prejudiced,
غجريgajarī pl. غجرgajar gipsy غدنgadan languor, lassitude, flaccidity,
limpness
تغجيرtagjīr scolding, cursing, abusive
language 665 غدنةgudna languor, lassitude,
flaccidity, limpness
غدsee غدو
غدانgidān clothes peg
غددgadad cattle epidemic
مَغدودنmugdaudin luxuriant, flowing,
غدةgudda pl. غددgudad gland │ الغدة long (hair)
( الدرقيةdaraqīya) thyroid gland; غدة صماء
( غدا )غدوgadā u (gudūw, gadw, غدوةgadwa) to
(ṣammā) endocrine (or ductless) gland; الغد
go (away), leave, come, do, or be, early in
( ة الصنوبريةṣanaubarīya) pineal gland; الغدة
the morning; to run; to become ( هـs.th.),
( النكفيةnakfīya) parotid gland
grow, turn ( هـinto), come to be ( هـs.th.) │
غدديgudadī glandular ( غدا وراحwa-rāḥa) to go back and forth,
غدرgadara i u (gadr) to act walk to and fro; to come and go; -- غدي
treacherously, perfidiously ( فيor بor ه gadiya a ( غداgadan) to breakfast, have
toward s.o.), doublecross, deceive, betray, breakfast II to give breakfast ( هto s.o.); to
delude ( بor هs.o.) III to leave ( ه, هـs.o., give lunch ( هto s.o.) III to go early in the
s.th.; الى هـplace for), depart ( الى هـfrom a morning ( هto s.o.) │ يراوحها ويغاديها
place to) yurāwiḥuhā wa-yugādīhā he calls on her
time and again or constantly V to
غدرgadr perfidy, breach of faith, breakfast, have breakfast; to lunch, have
betrayal, treason, treachery lunch
غديرgadīr pl. غدرgudur, غدرانgudrān غدgad the morrow, the following day;
pond, pool, puddle; stream, brook, creek, غداgadan tomorrow; on a future day,
river sometime in the future │ مَن غد, في غدon
غديرةgadīra pl. غدائرgadā’ir2 queue, the following day, tomorrow; في الغدdo.;
pigtail, braid, plait, tress (of hair) on a future day, sometime in the future; بعد
غدday after tomorrow; في ذات غدsee ذات
غدارgaddār perfidious, disloyal,
treacherous, traitorous; false, faithless, غداءgadā’ pl. اغديةagdiya breakfast;
deceitful lunch
غدارةgaddāra pl. -āt pistol │ غدارة سريعة غداةgadāh pl. غدواتgadawāt early
( الطلقs. aṭ-ṭalq) submachine gun, Tommy morning; الغداةal-gadāta this morning
gun غدوةgudwa pl. غدىgudan early
غادرgādir perfidious, disloyal, morning
treacherous; false, faithless, deceitful غدوةgadwa pl. gadawat lunch; morning
غدفةgudfa pl. غدفgudaf headcloth, kerchief errand; ( غدواته وروحاتهrauḥātuhū) all his
goings, his coming and going
غدافgudaf raven
مَغدىmagdan place to which one goes
غدقgadiqa a (gadaq) to be copious, be heavy, in the morning │ ( مَغدى ومَراحwa-marāḥ)
pour down (rain) IV = I; to give an ever frequented place, an aspired goal
bountifully ( علىto s.o.), shower, load ( هـ 666
علىs.o. with s.th.), bestow liberally (هـ على
upon s.o. s.th.) غدgadda i (gadd) to fester, suppurate (wound)
IV do.; to hasten, speed, make forced
غدقgadiq copious, abundant (water, marches │ ( اغد )في( السيرsair) to ran fast,
rain) hasten, hurry, speed
مَغدقmugdiq copious, abundant (water, ( غذا )غذوgadā u (gadw) to feed ( ه بs.o. s.th.),
rain) nourish, nurture ( ه بs.o. with) II to feed (
غدنXII igdaudana to grow long and ب هs.o. s.th.), nourish, nurture ( ب هs.o.
luxuriantly (hair) with); to provide, supply, furnish, sustain (
ه, ب هـs.o. s.th. with), feed, charge, ( على )حين( غرةukida) to be surprised, be
replenish ( ب هـs.th. with) V to be fed (ب taken by surprise, be caught unawares
s.th.), be nourished, be nurtured ( بwith); غررgarar risk, hazard, jeopardy,
to feed, live ( بon); to be supplied, be danger, peril
provided, be furnished, be fed ( بwith,
e.g., with electric power) VIII to be fed, غرورgurūr deception; delusion,
be nourished, be nurtured illusion;: conceit, overweeningness,
snobbery, vanities, trifles, banalities;
غذوgadw feeding, nourishment, danger, peril │ الغرور بنفسهself-deception,
alimentation, nutrition, nurture self-delusion
غذاءgidā’ pl. اغذيةagdiya nourishment, غرورgarūr deceptive, delusive,
nutriment, nutrition, nurture, food; pl. fallacious, illusory
foodstuffs, victuals, food
غريرgarīr deceived, misled, tempted;
غذائيgidā’ī alimental, alimentary, (pl. also اغراءagirra, اغرةagirra)
nutritional, nutritious, nutritive │ مَواد inexperienced, naive, ingenuous, gullible
( غذائيةmawādd) foodstuffs, victuals, food,
nutritive substances غرارgirār (cutting) edge of a sword;
غراراgirāran in a hurry, hastily │ على غرار
تغذيةtagdiya feeding (also techn.), in a hurry, hastily; على )مَن( غرار... like …,
nourishment, alimentation, nutrition, similar to …, in the manner of ..., after the
provisioning, supply, input, charging (e.g., pattern of ...; على هذا الغرارin this manner;
of an electric battery) على غرار واحدafter one pattern, in the same
غرgarra u ( غرورgurūr) to mislead, deceive, manner, likewise, alike
beguile ( بs.o.); to delude, gull, dazzle, غرارgarrār deceptive, delusive,
blind ( هs.o.) II to deceive, beguile (ب fallacious
s.o.); to delude, gull, dazzle, blind (ب
s.o.); to entice, allure, tempt, seduce (ب غرارةgarāra inconsiderateness,
s.o.); to expose to danger, endanger, thoughtlessness, beedlessness │ على غرارة
imperil ( بs.o., s.th.), risk, jeopardize, in the manner of ..., after the pattern of ...
hazard ( بs.th.) │ غرر بنفسهto expose o.s. 667
to danger, risk one’s life VIII to be غرارةgirāra pl. غرائرgarā’ir2 sack (for
dazzled, blinded, fooled, deluded, misled, straw or grain)
let o.s. be deceived ( بby), be mistaken (ب
in, about); to be or become overweening اغرagar2, f. غراءgarrā’2, pl. غرgurr
or conceited X to come unexpectedly ( هto having a blaze (horse); beautiful,
s.o.), surprise ( هs.o.) handsome; magnanimous, generous;
noble; esteemed, honorable (esp. as a
غرgarr (cutting) edge of a sword complimentary epithet following the name
غرgirr pl. اغرارagrār inexperienced, of a newspaper) │ ( اغر مَحجلmuḥajjal)
gullible, new, green; a greenhorn; unique, singular
inattentive, inadvertent, heedless مَغرورmagrūr deceived, fooled, misled,
غرةgurra pl. غررgurar white spot on a tempted; deluded, dazzled, blind; vain,
horse’s face, blaze; the best, the finest, the conceited, overweening, snobbish
prime (of s.th.); highlight │ غرة الشهرg. غرامgrām pl. -āt gram(me)
aš-šahr the first day of the month; في غرة
العامat the beginning of the year غربgaraba u (garb) to go away, depart,
absent o.s., withdraw ( عنfrom), leave (عن
غرةgarra inadvertency, heedlessness, s.o., s.th.); -- garaba u ( غروبgurūb) to set
inattentiveness, inattention; unguarded (sun, etc.); -- garuba u ( غرابةgarāba) to
moment, moment of inadvertence │ على be a stranger; to be strange, odd, queer,
غرةor ( على حين غرةḥīni g.) unexpectedly, obscure, abstruse, difficult to comprehend
unawares, inadvertently, surprisingly; اخذ │ لَ يغرب عنك انyou will not have failed to
notice that ..., you are, no doubt, aware (of
the fact) that ..., you know very well that stranger, foreigner, alien; pl. اغرابthose
… II to go away, leave, depart, absent o.s.; living abroad, those away from home,
to go westward; to expel from the emigrés │ غريب الطوارwhimsical,
homeland, banish, exile, expatriate ( هs.o.) capricious, eccentric, cranky; مَادة غريبة
│ ( غرب وشرقwa-šarraqa) to get around in (mādda) foreign body, extraneous
the world, see the world IV to say or do a substance
strange or amazing thing; to exceed the غريبةgarība pl. غرائبgarā’ib2
proper bounds ( فيin), overdo, exaggerate peculiarity; a strange, striking thing,
( فيs.th.) │ ( اغرب في الضحكḍaḥik) to laugh oddity, curiosity, marvel, prodigy, wonder
noisily or heartily, guffaw V to go to a
foreign country, emigrate; to be (far) away غروبgurūb setting (of the sun of a
from one’s homeland; to become an star)
occidental, become Westernized, be غرابةgarāba strangeness, curiousness;
Europeanized; to emigrate o.s., to the oddness, queerness, singularity,
Western way of life VIII to go to a foreign peculiarity 668
country, emigrate; to be (far) away from
one’s homeland X to find ( هـs.th.) strange, اغربagrab2 stranger, more alien;
odd, queer, unusual; to deem ( هـs.th.) odder, queerer, more unusual
absurd, preposterous, grotesque; to مَغربmagrib pl. مَغاربmagārib2 place
disapprove ( هـof s.th.); to become an or time of sunset; west, occident; (f.)
occidental, Westernized, be Europeanized; prayer at sunset (Isl. Law); المغرب
to assimilate o.s. to the Western way of Maghrib, northwest Africa │ مَغرب الشمس
life │ ( استغرب في الضحكḍaḥik) to laugh m. aš-šams time of sunset, sunset; بلد
noisily or heartily, guffaw المغربMaghrib, northwest Africa; وشارق
غربgarb west; occident; vehemence, ( الرض ومَغربهاm. al-arḍ) the entire world; ا
violence, impetuosity, tempestuousness; الغ لمشرقان والمغربانal-mašriqān wa-l-m do.; في
ربthe West, the Occident; غرباgarban المغربين والمشرقينall over the world,
Westward, toward the West │ فل غربهfalla throughout the world
garbahū to subdue s.o., put a damper on مَغربيmagribī North African, Maghribi;
s.o.; غربا بجنوبgarban bi-janūbin (pl. مَغاربةmagāriba) a North African, a
southwestward, toward the southwest Maghribi
غربيgarbī western, westerly; مَغربةlook up alphabetically
occidental, Western; European; an
Occidental, a Westerner; الغربيونal- تغريبtagrīb banishment, expatriation
garbīyūn the Western Church (Chr.) تغربtagarrub separation from one’s
غربةgurba absence from the homeland; native country; emigration; Europeanism,
separation from one’s native country, Occidentalism, Westernism
banishment, exile; life, or place, away اغترابigtirāb separation from one’s
from home native country; emigration; Europeanism,
غرابgurāb pl. ( غربانgirbān, اغرب Occidentalism, Westernism
agrub, اغربةagriba crow; raven; -- استغرابistigrāb wonder, surprise,
occiput; blade (esp. of a hatchet) astonishment, amazement, perplexity
غريبgarīb pl. غرباءgurabā’2 strange, غاربgārib pl. غواربgawārib2 withers
foreign, alien, extraneous ( علىor عنto (of the camel, of the horse); pl. wave
s.o.); strange, odd, queer, quaint, unusual, crests │ ( ترك )القى( حبله على غاربهalqā
extraordinary, curious, remarkable, ḥablahū) to give free rein to s.o. or to s.th.
peculiar; amazing, astonishing, baffling,
مَغربmugarrab expatriated, exiled,
startling, wondrous, marvelous; grotesque;
banished; expatriate, exile
difficult to understand, abstruse, obscure
(language); remote, outlandish, rare, مَغتربmuglarib stranger, foreigner,
uncommon (word); (pl. also اغربagrab) alien; living away from home
مَستغربmustagrib Europeanized, مَغرزmagraz pl. مَغارزmagāriz2 (eg.)
Westernized prank, practical joke 669
مَستغربmustagrab strange, odd, queer, غرسgarasa i (gars) to plant, implant (في هـ
quaint, unusual, extraordinary, curious, s.th. in); to place, put, set, infix, interpose,
peculiar interpolate, insert ( في هـs.th. into) IV to
plant, implant ( هـs.th.) VII to be planted,
غربلgarbala ( غربلgarbala) to sieve, sift,
be implanted; to sink in
riddle ( هـs.th.)
غرسgars planted; (pl. اغراسagrās, غرا
غربالgirbill pl. .kI priلbll' sieve
سgirās) plant, layer, cion, nursery plant,
غرابليgarābilī pl. -ūn, غرابليةgarābilīya seedling
sieve maker, sieve merchant
غرسgirs pl. اغراسagrās plant, layer,
غردgarida a (garad) to sing, twitter (bird), cion, nursery plant, seedling
warble II and V = I
غرسةgirsa plant
غردgarad singing, song, twitter(ing),
غراسgirās plant; planting time
warbling (of a bird)
غراسةgirāsa cultivation, growing,
غردgurd pl. غرودgurūd dune, shifting
raising │ ( غراسة الزيتون )الزياتينg. az-zaitūn
dune
olive growing; غراسة العنبg. al-‘inab wine
غريدgirrīd singing, twittering, warbling growing; viticulture
(bird)
غريسةgarīsa pl. غرائسgarā’is2 غراس
2
اغرودةugrūda pl. اغاريدagārid girās nursery plant, layer, cion, seedling
twittering, warbling, song (of birds)
مَغرسmagris pl. مَغارسmagāris2 place
تغريدtagrīd singing, song, twitter(ing), where s.th. is infixed, interposed or
warbling inserted; nursery, plantation, bed
مَغردmugarrid singing, twittering, مَغارسةmugārasa pl. -āt a contract for
warbling (bird) │ طائر مَغردsongbird the lease of an orchard providing that the
غرزgaraza i (garz) to prick ( ب هـs.th. with, lessee, who undertakes to cultivate the
e.g., with a needle); to thrush, plunge, orchard, will become owner of one half of
insert, stick, stab, ram, push, bore (في هـ it after the orchard has yielded profit
s.th. into); to plant, implant ( ل هـs.th. in) II (Tun.)
to throat, plunge, insert, stick, stab, ram, مَغارسىmugārisī pl. -ūn one who
push, bore ( في هـs.th. into) IV = II; V to concludes a mugārasa (q.v.) (Tun.)
penetrate deeply ( فيinto), pierce ( فيs.th.);
غرشgirš, gurš pl. غروشgurūš piaster │ غرش
to be inserted, be stuck ( فيinto) VII to
صاغstandard piaster
bore, penetrate ( فيinto), pierce ( فيs.th.);
to sink ( فيinto) VIII to penetrate deeply ( غرضIV ( اغرض الغرضgaraḍa) to attain the
فيinto), pierce ( فيs.th.); to be inserted, be goal V to take sides, be partial, have a
stuck ( فيinto) │ ( اغترز السيرsaira) (he put predilection, have a bias ( لfor)
his foot in the stirrup, ready to depart=) غرضgaraḍ pl. اغراضagrāḍ target,
his departure was imminent aim, goal, objective, object; intention,
غرزgarz leather stirrup design, purpose; object of desire;
(personal, selfish) interest; inclination,
غرزةgurza pl. غرزguraz stitch
tendency, propensity; bias, prejudice; pl. ا
غريزةgarīza pl. غرائزgarā’iz2 nature, ( غراضsyr.) articles of everyday use,
natural disposition; natural impulse, things, objects, stuff, odds and ends
instinct
غرضيgaraḍī tendeney- (in
غريزيgarīzī natural, native, innate, compounds), marked by directional, or
inborn; instinctive purposive, presentation
غريضgarīḍ pl. اغاريضagārīḍ2 fresh, excessive ( فيin s.th.), carry ( فيs.th.) to
tender excess │ ( اغرق في الضحكḍaḥik) to laugh
noisily or heartily, guffaw V to be sunk, be
تغرضtagarruḍ prejudice, bias;
foundered X to sink ( فيinto sleep, and the
tendentious attitude
like), be immersed ( فيin); to absorb,
مَغرضmugriḍ partial, biased, engross, engage wholly, claim completely,
tendentious; -- (pl. -ūn) partial person; fill, take up, occupy (هـ, s.o., s.th.); to take,
biased person; person guided by personal last ( هـa certain time) │ استغرق في الضحك
interests (ḍahik) to laugh noisily or heartily, guffaw
غرغرgargara ( غرغرةgargara) to gargle; to XII ( اغرورقت عيناه بالدمَوعigrauraqat
gurgle; to simmer, bubble (pot) II ‘aināhū) his eyes were bathed in tears
tagargara to gargle; to gurgle │ تغرغرت غريقgariq pl. غرقىgarqā drowned; a
‘( عينه بالدمَعainuhū bi-d-dam‘) his eyes drowned person; immersed, engrossed,
were bathed in tears absorbed ( فيin)
غرغرgirgir (coll.; n. un. )ةguinea fowl غرقانgarqan drowned
غرغرةgargara gargling, gargle, gurgle تغريقtagrīq drowning; sinking,
غرفgarafa i u (garf) to ladle, spoon, scoop (هـ foundering, scuttling (of a ship);
s.th.); to ladle ( هـfood) from a cooking inundation, flooding
pot, and the like, (into a howl) for serving; اغراقigrāq drowning; sinking,
to serve ( هـa meal) VIII to ladle, scoop (مَن foundering, scuttling (of a ship);
هـs.th. from or out of) inundation, flooding; exaggeration;
غرفةgurfa pl. غرافgirāf the amount of excessiveness, exorbitance, immoderation,
water scooped up with one hand; handful; extravagance; hyperbole (rhet.)
-- (pl. -āt, غرفguraf) upstairs room, room غارقgāriq sunk, drowned; immersed,
on an upper floor; room; chamber (= engrossed, absorbed ( فيin) │ غارق في
room; as a public body of administration, ( الدهشةdahša) completely taken aback,
etc.); cabinet; compartment, ward │ غرفة deeply shocked, utterly dismayed
g. al-akl dining room; غرفة التجاريةor الغرفة
مَغرقmugraq immersed, engrossed,
التجاريchamber of commerce; غرفة السفرة
absorbed ( فيin)
g. as-sufra dining room; غرفة القيادةbridge
(naut.); غرفة النومg. an-naum bedroom مَستغرقmustagriq immersed, engrossed,
absorbed ( فيin)
غرافgarraf pl. غراريفgarārīf2 (syr.) a
water wheel turned by oxen or horses and غرلةgurla pl. غرلgural foreskin,
used for raising irrigation water from a prepuce
river onto the fields غرمgarima a (gurm, غرامَةgarāma, مَغرم
مَغرفةmigrafa pl. مَغارفmagārif2 large magram) to pay ( هـa fine, and the like); to
spoon, ladle, scoop 670 suffer loss II to fine ( هـs.o.), impose a fine
( هon s.o.) IV = II; pass, ugrima to be very
غرقgariqa a (garaq) to plunge, dive, become
fond, be enamored ( بof), be in love, be
immersed, immerge, become submersed,
infatuated ( بwith) V to be fined, be
submerge, sink, founder ( فيin); to go
mulcted
under, be drowned ( فيin); to be
immersed, be engrossed, be absorbed (في غرمgurm damage, loss
in); to be wholly engaged, be loot ( فيin), غرامgarām infatuation ( بwith), love (
be completely taken up ( فيwith) II to بof), passion, ardent desire ( بfor);
plunge, dip, immerse, submerse ( ه, هـs.o., penalty, mulct, fine; see also
s.th.); to sink, founder ( هـs.th.), drown (هـ, alphabetically
s.o., s.th.); to inundate, flood ( هـs.th.;
السوقthe market بwith) IV = II; to غرامَيgarāmī passionate, impassioned,
exceed the proper bound! ( فيin); to erotic, amorous, amatory, love (used
exaggerate, overdo ( فيs.th.); to be attributively); غرامَياتgarāmīyāt amours,
romances, love affairs, amorous incentive, stimulus; enticement,
adventures │ رسالة غرامَيةlove letter allurement, temptation, seduction
غريمgarīm pl. غرمَاءguramā’2 debtor; مَغرmugrin enticing, alluring, tempting;
creditor; opponent, adversary, antagonist, inciter, instigator, abettor; tempter, seducer
rival; insulter مَغرياتmugriyāt lures, temptations
غريمةgarīma woman opponent, female 1
غزIV to he thorny, prickly; to prick
antagonist, rival
2
غزgazza2 Gaza (seaport in S Palestine)
غرامَةgarāma pl. -āt fine, mulct;
indemnity, compensation, damages; غزيgazzī gauze
reparation, amends, penalty 1
غزرgazara u (gazr, غزارةgazāra) to be
مَغرمmagram pl. مَغارمmagārim 2 plentiful, copious, abundant
damage, loss; debt; liability, financial غزرgazr abundance, copiousness,
obligation; fine profusion, plenty, large quantity, lavish
مَغرمmugram enamored, ( بof), in love, supply
infatuated ( بwith) غزيرgazīr pl. غزارgizār much,
غرينgarīn (alluvial) mud plentiful, copious, abundant, ample;
densely growing, luxuriantly growing;
غرناطةgarnāṭa2 Granada (city in S Spain) rich ( بغزin) │ غزير المادةg. al-mādda well-
غرنوقgurnūq pl. غرانيقgarānīq2 crane (zool.) informed, learned, well-read; غزير الموادg.
al-mawādd offering a wealth of
غرنيقgirnīq pl. غرانيقgarānīq2 crane
information (book)
(zool.) 671
غزارةgazāra abundance, copiousness,
( غرا )غروgarā u (gurw) to glue, fix with glue (
profusion, plenty, large quantity, lavish
هـs.th.) II = I; IV to make ( هs.o.) covetous
supply
( بfor), prod, spur on, goad, egg on,
2
incite, induce, instigate, abet, urge, impel ( غزارىgazārī a variety of pigeon
ب هs.o. to do s.th.); to entice, allure, غزلgazala i (gazl) to spin ( هـs.th.); -- gazila a
tempt, seduce ( ب هs.o. to); to set ( ب هs.o. (gazal) to display amorous behavior (ب
on), sick ( ب هـa dog, etc., on game); to toward a woman), make love ( بto a
bring about, cause, produce, provoke (هـ woman), court, woo ( بa woman), flirt (ب
s.th.); pass. ugriya to desire ardently, love with a woman); to eulogize in verses ( بa
( بs.th.), be attached ( بto s.th.) │ اغري woman) III to speak words of love, make
‘( العداوة بينadāwata) to cause or excite love ( هاto a woman), court, woo ( هاa
enmity among … woman), flirt, dally, philander ( هاwith a
لَ غروlā garwa no wonder! it is small woman) V to court, woo ( بa woman),
wonder make love ( بto a woman), flirt, dally (ب
with a woman), make eyes ( بat a
غراgaran glue
woman); to celebrate in love poems ( بa
غراءgirā’ glue woman, also فيs.o.); to extol, laud,
غرائيgirā’ī gluey, glutinous eulogize ( بs.th.) VI to flirt (with one
another) VIII to spin ( هـs.th.)
غروىgirawī gluey, glutinous, sticky,
ropy, vicious; colloidal (chem.) غزلgazl spinning; (pl. غرولguzūl)
spun thread, yarn │ مَصنع الغرلmaṣna‘ al-
لَ غروىgarwā no wonder! it is small g. spinning mill
wonder
غزلgazal flirt, flirtation, dalliance,
غرايةgarrāya pl. -āt (eg.) glue pot dallying; love; words of love, cooing of
مَغراةmigrāh glue pot lovers; love poetry, erotic poetry
اغراءigrā’ incitement, instigation, غزليgazalī amorous, amatory, erotic,
inducement, spur, goad, impetus; love (used attributively)
غزالgazāl pl. غرلةgizla, غرلانgizlān invader, aggressor, conqueror; الغازىal-
gazelle gāzī the war lord, warrior champion, ghazi
غزالgazzāl spinner (of yarn) غازيةgāziya pl. غوازgawāzin woman
dancer, danseuse
غزالةgazāla female gazelle, doe;
(rising) sun, disk of the sun; pommel of غسguss (sing. and pl.) worthless
the camel saddle غسقgasaq dusk, twilight before nightfall; dark
غزالةgazzāla spider 672 of night
مَغزلmagzil pl. مَغازلmagāzil2 spinning غسلgasala i (gasl) to wash ( ه, ب هـs.o.,
mill s.th. with), launder ( ب هs.th. with); to
cleanse, clean ( هـs.th., e.g., the teeth); to
مَغزلmigzal, mugzal pl. مَغازلmagāzil2
purge, cleanse, clear, wash ( هـs.th., مَنof);
spindle │ ابو مَغازلabū m. (eg.) stork
to wash ( هـagainst s.th.) II to wash
مَغازلةmugāzala pl. -āt flirt, flirtation, thoroughly ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) VIII to wash
dalliance, dallying (o.s.); to take a bath, bathe; to perform the
تغزلtagazzul flirt, flirtation, dalliance, major ritual ablution (i.e., a washing of the
dallying whole body; (Isl. Law)
غوغاءgaugā’2 mob, rabble, riffraff; غايةgāya pl. -āt extreme limit; utmost
noise, clamor, din, tumult degree, the outmost, extremity; aim, goal,
end, objective, intention, intent, design,
( غال )غولgāla u (gaul) to take (away) purpose, destination (of a journey) │ لغاية
unawares, snatch, seize, grab ( ه, هـs.o., (with foll. genit.) as far as, up to, to the
s.th.); to destroy ( هs.o.) VIII = I; to extent of, until, till; للغايةextremely, very
assassinate, murder ( هs.o.) (much); 688 ( كان غاية في الجمالgāyatan,
غالgāl pl. -āt (syr.) padlock jamāl) to be of extraordinary beauty; الغاية
( تبرر الواسطةtubarriru l-wāsitata) the end
غولgūl usually fem., pl. اغوالagwāl, غي justifies the means; انطلق لغايتهto head or
لانgīlān ghoul, a desert demon appearing set out for one’s destination
in ever varying shapes; demon, jinni,
goblin, sprite; ogre, cannibal; calamity, غىand غيةsee غوي
disaster O غائيةgā’īya finality (philos.)
غيلةgīla assassination │ قتله غيلة ( غاب )غيبgāba i (gaib, غيبةgaiba, غياب
(gīlatan) to assassinate s.o. giyāb, غيبوبةgaibūba, مَغيبmagīb) to be
اغتيالigtiyā1 pl. -āt murder(ing), or remain absent, be or stay away; to
assassination absent o.s. withdraw ( عنfrom), leave (عن
s.o., s.th.); to vanish ( عنfrom s.o.’s sight,
غائلةgā’ila pl. غوائلgawā’il2 calamity, from s.o., from s.th.); to disappear, be
disaster; ruin, havoc, danger swallowed up ( فيin); to hide, be hidden,
غوىgawā i ( غيgayy, غوايةgawāya) to stray be concealed ( عنfrom); -- ( مَغيبmagīb) to
from the right way, go astray, err (in one’s set, go down (sun, and the like) │ غاب
actions); to misguide, mislead, lead astray الشيء عن بالهthe matter has slipped from
( هs.o.), seduce, tempt, entice, lure, induce his memory, he has forgotten the matter;
( ب هs.o. to do s.th.); gawiya a to covet, ( غاب عن صوابهṣawābihī) to lose
desire, like II to misguide, mislead, lead consciousness, faint, swoon, become
unconscious; غاب عن الوجودdo.; لَ تغيب عنه مَغيبmagīb absence; setting (of the
( الشمسšamsu) it is not veiled in darkness sun)
II to lead away, take away, carry away, تغيبtagayyub absence, nonattendance,
remove ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to cause ( ه, هـs.o., being away, staying away, truancy
s.th.) to disappear; to hide, conceal ( ,عن هـ
هs.o., s.th. from); to make ( هs.o.) forget اغتيابigtiyāb slander, calumniation,
everything, make ( هs.o.) oblivious of defamation; gossip about (genit.)
everything │ غيبه عن الوجودit drove him غائبgā’ib pl. -ūn, غيبguyyab, غياب
out of his mind; ( غيبه الثرىtarā) the earth guyyāb absent, not present, not there;
covered, or buried, him V to be absent, be hidden, concealed, unseen, invisible; third
away, stay away ( عنfrom s.o., from s.th.); person (gram.)
to be not present, be not there; to play
truant, play hooky ( عنfrom school) VIII مَغيباتmugayyibāt narcotics,
to slander, calumniate ( هs.o.) X to use stupefacients, anesthetics
s.o.’s ( )هabsence for maligning him, مَغيبmugayyab hidden, concealed,
backbite ( هs.o.); to slander, calumniate (ه invisible; pl. المغيباتal-mugayyabāt the
s.o.) hidden, transcendental things, the divine
غيبgaib absence; hidden, concealed, secrets 689
invisible; -- (pl. غيوبguyūb) that which is مَغيبmugib and مَغيبةwoman whose
hidden, the invisible; that which is husband is absent, grass widow
transcendental, the supernatural; divine
secret │ غيباgaiban or ( عن ظهر الغيبẓahri مَتغيبmutagayyib absent ( عنfrom)
l-g.) by heart, from memory; علم الغيوب مَغتابmugtāb slanderer, calumniator
‘allām al-g. he who thoroughly knows the
غيتوghetto
invisible, or transcendental, things = God;
‘ عالم الغيبālam al-g. the invisible world; ( غاث )غيثgaja i (gait) to water with rain (هـ
بظهر الغيبbi-ẓahri l-g. behind s.o.’s back, s.th.), send rain ( ه, هـupon s.o. upon s.th.,
insidiously, treacherously; نظر بعين الغيب الى of God)
(bi-‘aini l-g.) to foresee, foreknow, divine غيثgait pl. غيوثguyūt, اغياثagyāt
s.th. (abundant) rain
غيبيgaibī secret, hidden, invisible غيدVI to walk with a graceful, swinging gait
غابةgāba pl. -āt, غابgāb (coll.) low غيدgayad delicacy, slender shapeliness,
ground, depression, hollow; forest, wood, tenderness, softness (of a woman)
copse, thicket; jungle; reed │ الغاب الهندي
(hindī) bamboo غادةgāda pl. -āt young girl, young lady
غيبةgaiba absence; concealment, اغيادagyād2, غيداءgaidā’ 2, غيدgīd
invisibility young and delicate; الغيدthe young ladies
غيبةgāba slander, calumniation, ( غار )غيرgāra a ( غيرةgaira) to be jealous (مَن
calumny of); to display zeal, vie ( علىfor); to be
solicitous ( علىabout. for); to guard or
غيابgiyāb absence, being away; setting protect jealously ( على مَنs.o., s.th. from) II
(of the sun) to alter, modify, make different ( مَنor هـ
غيابيgiyābī: ( حكم غيابيḥukm) judgment s.th.), change ( هـs.th.) III to be dissimilar,
by default (jur.); غيابياgiyābīyan in be different, differ; to be in contrast ( ه,هـ
absence, in absentia (jur.) to), be unlike s.o. or s.th. ( ه, ;)هـto change
( هـe.g., a garment); to interchange,
غيابةgayāba pl. -āt bottom, depth (of a
exchange ( بينbetween); to haggle,
well, of a dungeon, of a ditch, and the
bargain, chaffer ( هwith s.o.); to vie,
like)
compete ( هwith s.o.) IV to make jealous (ه
غيبوبةgaibūba swoon, faint, s.o.) V to be altered, be modified, be
unconsciousness; trance, daze, stupor changed, change, alter, vary, undergo an
alteration or change VI to differ, be bandage (of a wound) │ قطع الغيارqiṭa‘ al-
different, be heterogeneous g. spare parts
غيرgair other than (with dependent تغيرtagayyur pl. -āt alteration,
genit.), different from, unlike, no, not, variation, change
non-, un-, in-, dis-; (prep.) gaira except, مَغايرmugāyir: مَغاير للدابindecent,
save, but │ الغيرthe others, fellow men, immoral
neighbors; وغير ذلك, وغيرهand the like, and
so forth, and so on, et cetera; and others, مَتغيرmutagayyir changeable, variable,
and other things, et alii, et alia; لَ غيرand liable to change or alteration │ تيار مَغير
( ليس غيرgairu) (and) that’s all, nothing (tayyār) alternating current (el.)
else, no more, nothing but, only, merely, ( غاض )غيضgāḍa i (gaiḍ, مَغاضmagāḍ)
solely; غير انgaira anna except that ..., to decrease, diminish, recede, become
however, but, yet, ...though; غير واحدgaira less, dwindle away │ ( غاض لونهlaunuhū)
wāḥidin more than one, several; غير مَرة his face lost all color, he turned pale
gaira marratin, more than once, quite
often, frequently; بغيرbi-gairi or مَن غير غيضgaiḍ prematurely born fetus
gairi without; ( في غير )مَاfī gairi (mā) غيضةgaiḍa pl. -āt, غياضgiyāḍ, اغياض
without (generally followed agyāḍ thicket, jungle
by abstract noun), ( في غير تروtarawwin) غيطgaiṭ pl. غيطانgīṭān field
without thinking, unhesitatingly; في غير مَا
( تهيبtahayyubin) without fear; على غير ( غاظ )غيطgāẓa i (gaiẓ) to anger, enrage,
( مَعرفة مَنهma‘rifatin) or مَن غير علم مَنه infuriate, irritate, exasperate, vex, gall (ه
(‘ilmin) without his knowing or having s.o.) II and IV = I; V to become
known it, without his knowledge, furious, become angry ( مَنwith s.o., at
unwittingly s.th.) VII and VIII = V
غيريgairī altruist غيظgaiẓ wrath, anger, ire, exasperation,
غيريةgairīya altruism fury, rage
فرخII to have young ones (bird); to hatch (said فردةfarda one part, one half, one of a
of eggs); to hatch, incubate ( هـs.th.); to pair
germinate, sprout, put out new shoots (of فردىfardī single, solitary; single- (in
a tree); to spread, gain ground IV to have compounds); pertaining to a single person;
young ones (bird); to hatch (said of eggs); one-man (in compounds); solo (adj.);
to hatch. incubate ( هـs.th.); to germinate, singles (tennis); individual, personal;
individualist; odd, uneven (numbr)
فرديةfardīya individuality, muster ( هs.o.); to select, pick out ( هـs.th.);
individualism to distinguish, discriminate, differentiate (
مَن هـs.th. from)
فريدfarīd alone, lone, lonely, solitary;
singular, unique, matchless, peerless, فرزfarz separation, detachment,
unrivaled, incomparable; (with foll. genit.) isolation; secretion, excretion, discharge;
especially endowed with │ فريد في بابه sorting, sifting; mustering, muster,
unique of its kind screening, examination; selection,
selecting │ ‘( فرز عسكريaskarī) pre-
فريدةfarīda pl. فرائدfarā’d2 precious
induction examination (mil.)
pearl, precious gem, solitaire; (eg.) quire
(of paper) فرازةfarrāza: O ‘( فرازة آليةā1īya) seed
separator, seed-screening apparatus
فراداfurādan singly, separately, one by
one, one at a time, one after the other مَفرزةmafraza pl. مَفارزmafāriz2 group,
detachment, party, troop, band
فرادىfurādā singly, separately, one by
one, one at a time, one after the other افرازifrāz pl. -āt secretion, excretion,
exudation, discharge, expectoration
تفريديtafrīdī detailed, itemized
(physiol.) │ قسمة افرازqismat i. partition in
انفرادinfirād solitude, loneness, kind (Isl. Law)
loneliness; isolation, seclusion │ على
O فارزةfāriza comma
الَنفرادalone, apart, isolatedly, in solitude,
in seclusion; singly, by o.s.; مَفرزاتmufrazāt secretions, excretions,
confidentially; ( الَنفراد بالسلطةsulṭa) exudations (physiol.) │ المفرزات الداخلية
autocracy (dākilīya) internal secretions, endocrines
2
انفراديinfirādī individual; فريزpl. افرزة = افريز
individualistic; autocratic; isolationistic, 3
فاروز, فيروزand فيروزجlook up alphabetically
tending to isolation 703
4
افريزpl. افاريزlook up alphabetically
مَفردmufrad single, solitary, lone,
detached, isolated; (gram.) simple, فرزانII tafarzana to queen, become a
consisting of only one word (expression); queen (of a pawn; in chess)
being in the singular; singular (gram.); (pl. فرزانfirzān pl. فرازينfarāzīn 2 queen (in
-āt) vocable, word; pl. words, terms, chess)
names, expressions (of a scientific field); 1
details │ ( مَفردات خاصةkāṣṣa) technical فرسfarasa i (fars) to kill, tear ( هـits prey, of
terms, terminology; بمفردهby o.s., alone, a predatory animal) V to regard
apart, singly, isolatedly, in solitude, in searchingly, eye, scrutinize ( ه, هـor فيs.o.,
seclusion, solitarily; بالمفرداتin detail; by s.th.), look firmly ( ه, هـor فيat s.o., at
retail s.th.); to recognize, detect ( هـa quality, في
in s.o.) VIII = I; to ravish, rape ( هاa
مَنفردmunfarid isolated, detached, woman)
separated; lone, solitary, alone; solo (adj.;
also mus.) فرسfaras m. and f., pl. افراسafrās
2
horse, mare; knight (chess) │ فرس البحرf.
□ فردةfirda (< فرضةfurḍa) pl. فردfirad tax, al-baḥr hippopotamus; فرس الرهانrace
head tax, poll tax horse; الفرس العظمPegaSus (astron.)
الفردوسal-firdaus f., pl. فراديسfarādīs2 فراسةfarāsa horsemanship, equitation
Paradise
فراسةfirāsa perspicacity, acumen,
فردوسيfirdausī paradisiacal, heavenly discernment, discrimination, minute
1
فرزfaraza i (farz) and IV to set apart, observation; keen eye (esp. for traits of
separate, detach, isolate ( هـs.th.); to character); intuitive knowledge of human
secrete, excrete, discharge ( هـs.th.; nature │ ‘ علم الفراسةilm al-f. physiognomy;
physiol.); to sort, sift, classify ( هـs.th.); to فراسة اليدf. al-yad chiromancy, palmistry
examine ( هـs.th.), screen ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.),
فريسةfarīsa pl. فرائسfarā’is2 prey (of a فراشfirāš pl. فرشfuruš, افرشةafriša
wild animal) cushion, pillow; blanket, cover, spread;
mattress; bed
فريسيfarīsī, فرسيPharisee
فراشfarrāš one who spreads the
فروسةfurūsa horsemanship, equitation;
carpets; servant, attendant; house servant,
chivalry, knighthood,
valet; office boy, errand boy
فروسيةfurūsīya horsemanship,
مَفرشmifraš pl. مَفارشmafāriš2
equitation; chivalry, knighthood; heroism,
tablecloth, table cover, cover (in general);
valor
bedspread, counterpane
فارسfāris pl. فرسانfursān, فوارس
مَفرشةmifraša pl. مَفارشmafāriš2 saddle
fawāris2 horseman, rider; knight, cavalier;
blanket
704 hero; pl. cavalry │ لست مَن فرسان ذلك
( الميدانlastu, maidān) I am unfamiliar with مَفروشmafrūš covered ( بwith);
this field, I am not competent in this field furnished; مَفروشاتmafrūšāt furniture,
household effects
فارسةfārisa pl. -āt horsewoman;
2
mounted female warrior, Amazon فرشII to brush ( هـs.th.)
مَفترسmuftaris rapacious, ravenous فرشةfurša pl. فرشfuraš brush;
(animal) │ ( حيوان مَفترسḥayawān) paintbrush │ فرشة البودرةpowder puff; فرشة
predatory animal, beast of prey اسنانf. asnān toothbrush
2
الفرسal-fursān the Persians; Persia, also بلد فرشاةfuršāh brush; paintbrush
الفرس فرشايةfuršāya (syr.) brush
فارسfāris, also بلد فارسPersia فرشحfaršaḥ ( فرشحةfaršaḥa) to straddle, stand
فارسيfārisī Persian (adj. and n.) with one’s legs apart
فرسيvisāy Versailles فرشخfaršaka = فرشحfaršaḥa
فرسخfarsak pl. فراسخfarāsik2 a measure of ( فرشينةIt. forcina) furšīna pl. -āt hairpin
length, parasang فرصII to make holidays
فرسوفياvarōviyā Warsaw (capital of Poland) فرصةfurṣa pl. فرصfuraṣ opportunity,
فرشfaraša u (farš, فراشfirāš) to spread, chance, auspicious moment; holidays,
spread out ( هـs.th.); -- faraša u i (farš) to vacation │ ( فرصة مَن الزمَنfurṣatan,
pave, cover ( هـthe ground, floor, path, zaman) for a short time, briefly; انتهز
room, etc., بwith) II to cover ( هـthe ( الفرصةintahaza) to seize the opportunity,
floor, etc., بwith); to furnish, provide avail o.s. or take advantage of the
with furniture ( هـ..th.); to tile, pave (هـ opportunity
s.th.) VIII to spread, spread out ( هـs.th.); فريصةfarīṣa pl. فرائصfarā’iṣ2 flesh or
to lie down, stretch out, sprawl ( هـon muscle beneath the shoulder-blades │ فري
s.th.); to sleep ( هاwith a woman) │ افترش صتهor ( ارتعدت فرائصهirta‘adat) violent
( لسانهlisānahū) to give one’s tongue free fear or excitement seized him
rein
مَفرصmufarriṣ holiday-maker,
فرشfarš pl. فروشfurūš furnishing; vacationist, tourist
furniture, household effects; mat, rug,
carpet; anything spread on the ground as فرصادfirṣād mulberry; mulberry tree
bedding; foundation (arch.) فرضfaraḍa i (farḍ) to decide,
فرشةfarša bed; mattress determine; to decree, order, ordain (هـ
s.th.); to appoint, assign, apportion,
فراشfarāš wheel (of a mill); (coll.; n. allocate ( هـ لto s.o. s.th., money, and the
un. )ةmoths; butterflies like); to impose, 705 enjoin, make
فراشةfarāša (n. un.) moth; butterfly; incumbent ( هـ علىupon s.o. s.th.),
flighty, fickle person prescribe ( هـ علىto s.o. s.th.); to impose (
الحصارblockade, علىon); to assume, words); to escape ( مَنs.o.), get lost ( مَنon
presume, suppose, presuppose, postulate ( s.o.); to happen (inadvertently) ( مَنto s.o.,
هـs.th., انthat) │ فرض ارادته عليه faux pas, etc.); to neglect ( فيs.th.), be lax,
(irādatahū) to force one’s will on s.o. II to be remiss ( فيwith regard to); to strip off (
notch ( هـs.th.), make incisions ( هـin s.th.) هـfruits) │ ( فرط مَنه الشيءšai’u) he missed
VIII to impose, enjoin, make incumbent ( the thing, lost it II to leave, abandon,
هـ علىupon s.o. s.th.), prescribe ( هـ علىto forsake, give up ( هs.o., فيor ,. s.th.),
s.o. s.th.); to decree, order ( هـs.th.); to renounce, waive ( فيor هـs.th.); to separate
assume, suppose ( هـs.th., انthat) ( هor عنfrom), part ( هor عنwith); to
neglect ( فيs.th.), be lax, be remiss (في
فرضfarḍ pl. فروضfurūḍ notch,
with regard to); to exceed the proper
incision; duty, precept, injunction, order,
bounds, go too far, be excessive ( فيin),
decree, ordinance, command; religious
exaggerate, overdo ( فيs.th.); to waste,
duty (Isl. Law); statutory portion, lawful
squander ( فيs.th.) IV to exceed the proper
shore (Isl. Law); assumption, supposition,
bounds, go too far, be excessive ( فيin),
presupposition, premise, postulate,
exaggerate, overdo, abuse ( فيs.th.) VII to
hypothesis │ فروض التحيةf. at-taḥīya
be stripped off, be loosened, become
prescribed forms of salutations; فرض عين
detached ( مَنfrom); to be dissolved,
f. ‘ain individual duty (Isl. Law); فرض كفاية
dissolve, break up │ انفرط عقدهم
collective duty (Isl. Law); على فرضon the
(‘aqduhum) they broke up, they parted
premise of …; على فرض انon the
company, they dissolved
assumption that, with the understanding
that ..., supposing that ... فرطfarṭ excess, immoderation,
exaggeration; (with foll. abstract noun)
فرضيfarḍī hypothetic(al),
hyper- (in compounds)
suppositional, conjectural, assumed
without proof فرطfaraṭ (eg.) interest (on money,
capital, etc.)
فرضيةfarḍīya hypothesis
فراطةfurāṭa small change, coins
فرضةfurḍa pl. فرضfuraḍ notch,
incision; opening, gap, crevice, crack; تفريطtafrīṭ negligence, neglect
seaport, river harbor, small port town افراطafrāṭ excess, immoderation,
فريضةfarīḍa pl. فرائضfarā’ḍ2 religious exaggeration
duty (Isl. Law); divine precept, ordinance فارطfāriṭ elapsed, bygone, put, last,
of God (Isl. Law); obligatory prayer (Isl. e.g., ( يوم الحد الفارطyaum al-aḥad) last
Law); pl. distributive shares in estate (Isl. Sunday
Law) │ فريضة الجمعةf. al-jum‘a the
obligatory divine service on Friday (Isl. مَفرطmufarril prodigal, wasteful,
Law); ذو الفرائضdawū l-f. the “Koranic squandering; wastrel, spendthrift,
heirs”, i.e., those entitled to a statutory prodigal, squanderer
portion in estate according to sura lV, 12ff. مَفرطmufriṭ exaggerated, excessive 706
(Isl. Law); ‘ علم الفرائضilm al-f. law of
descent and distribution فرطحfarṭaḥa to make broad, broaden, flatten (
هـs.th.)
افتراضiftirāḍ assumption, supposition,
presupposition, premise, postulate, مَفرطحmufarṭaḥ broad; flattened, flat,
hypothesis oblate; fat and flabby, bloated
افتراضيiftirāḍī hypothetic(al) فرعfara‘a a (far‘, فرعfurū‘) to surpass,
outstrip ( هs.o.); to excel ( هs.o.) II to put
فارضfāriḍ old, advanced in years forth branches, to branch; to derive,
مَفروضmafrūḍ supposed, assumed, deduce ( مَن هـs.h. from) V to branch out,
premised; pl. مَفروضاتduties, obligations ramify, become ramified, spread in all
directions; to divide, fork, bifurcate (road,
فرطfarata u to precede ( هs.o.); to escape pipeline); to branch off VIII to de1lower
inadvertently, slip ( مَنs.o.’s tongue; of
فرعfar‘ pl. فروعfurū‘, افرعafru‘ twig, لto) X to empty ( هـa bowl, and the like);
branch. bough, limb, (also coll.) branches, to vomit │ استفرغ مَجهودهto exert o.s. to the
twigs; derivative; section, subdivision; utmost. make every effort ( فيin), apply
branch office, subsidiary establishment, every ounce of strength ( فيto), do one’s
branch; branch line, feeder line; branch best
wire, feed wire (el.) │ الفروعor علم الفروع فرغfarg empty, void; vacant
‘ilm al-f. the doctrine of the branches, i.e.,
applied fiqh, applied ethics (consisting in فراغfarāg void, vacuity, vacancy,
the systematic elaboration of canonical vacuum, empty space; gap; space ( لfor
law in Islam); شرعا وفرعاšar‘an wa-far‘an s.o., for s.th.); cession (of things which are
with full right, with good cause, justly not transferable as a property, but
transferable as a possession; (Isl. Law);
فرعيfa‘ī branch, subsidiary, tributary, leisure, sparetime
sub-, side (in compounds); subdivisional;
secondary فراغيfarāgī vacuum (adj.)
افرعafra‘2, f. فرعاءfar‘ā’ tall, slender فروغfurūg emptiness, voidness,
vacuity; vacancy, unocoupiedness;
تفرعtafarru‘ many-sidedness, termination, expiration, exhaustion │ فروغ
versatility; (pl. -āt) ramification; pl. الصبرf. aṣ-ṣabr impatience
secondary things, concomitant
circumstances, minor factors افرغafrag2 emptier
فارعfāri‘ tall, lofty, towering; high- تفريغtafrīg emptying, vacating,
grown, slender, slim; beautiful, handsome, evacuation; discharge; unloading (of a
pretty │ فارع الطولf. aṭ-ṯūl tall, high- cargo) 707
grown; فارع القامَةtall and slender افراغifrāg emptying, vacating,
مَفرعmufarra‘ ramified, branching evacuation; pouring out
مَتفرعاتmutafarri‘āt secondary things, استفراغistifrāg emptying, voiding,
concomitant circumstances, minor factors vacating, evacuation; vomiting
فرعونfir‘aun pl. فراعنةfarā‘ina Pharaoh فارغfārig pl. فراغfurrāg empty, void;
vacant; unoccupied, not busy, idle,
فرغfaraga u and fariga a ( فروغfurūg, فراغ leisurely; inane, vacuous, idle, useless; --
farāg) to be empty, be void; to be vacant; tare (com.) │ بالفارغin the void (of the
to be exhausted, be used up; to be rid (مَن target) = in the bull’s-eye; بفارغ الصبرbi-f.
of s.o.), be done, be finished ( مَنwith); to iṣ-ṣabr impatiently
finish, terminate, conclude, close, wind
up, finish off, settle, complete, bring to an مَفروغ مَنهmafrūg minh finished, settled
end ( مَنs.th.); to devote o.s. apply o.s. (question, problem, and the like);
attend, tend ( الىor لto s.o. to s.th.), exhausted (topic, and the like)
occupy o.s. ( الىor لwith) │ فرغ الى نفسهto مَفرغmufarrig emptying; creating a
collect one’s thoughts II to empty, void, vacuum │ O آلة مَفرغةvacuum pump
vacate, evacuate, discharge ( هـs.th.); to
unload ( هـa cargo); to pour out ( هـs.th.) مَفرغmufarrag emptied, vacated,
IV to empty, void, vacate, evacuate (هـ exhausted of air, vacuum (adj.); hollow
s.th.); to pour out ( على هـs.th. over. في مَفرغmufrag cast (in a mold) │ حلقة
into); to unload ( هـs.th., e.g., from a ship) ( مَفرغةḥalqa) seamless ring; vicious circle,
│ ( افرغه في قالبqālab) to mold s.th. (fig.); circulus vitiosus
( مَجهودهor) ( افرغ جهدهjahdahū) to exert o.s. 1
to the utmost, make every effort ( فيin), do فرفرfarfara to shake itself (of animals, esp. of
one’s best V to be free from work. be a bird)
unoccupied, be idle, have leisure; to be فرفرfarfar small bird
free, disengage o.s. ( الىor لfor some
فرفورfurfūr small bird
work), occupy o.s. exclusively ( الىor ل
2
with), devote o.s., apply o.s., attend ( الىor فرفوريfarfūrī = فغفوريfine porcelain
3
فرفيرfirfīr purple, purpure party, detachment, troop, group; class;
grade, class (in school); pupils or students
فرفشfarfaša: ( فرفش نفسهeg.) to recover, pick
of a course; troupe, ensemble; team, crew;
up, revive
division (mil.); sect │ الفرقة اللجنبية
فرفشةfarfaša (eg.) ease, comfort, (ajnabīya) the Foreign Legion; الفرقة
convenience, leisure الخامَسةthe fifth column; فرقة مَصفحة
فرفيرfirfīr purple, purpure (muṣaffaḥa) armored division; فرقة المطافئ
708 (or )الطفاءf. al-maṭāfi2 (or al-iṭfā’)
فرقfaraqa u (farq, فرقانfurqān to separate, fire department, fire brigade; فرقة العدامf.
part, divide, sever, sunder ( هـs.th.); to al-i‘dām firing squad; فرقة استعراضية
make a distinction ( بينbetween), (isti‘rāḍīya) show troupe, revue troupe;
distinguish, differentiate, discriminate (بين ( فرقة مَوسيقيةmūsīqīya) orchestra; فرقة
between); ( فرقfarq) to part ( هـthe hair); مَوسيقىf. mūsīqā (military) band
fariqa a (faraq) to be terrified, be
dismayed; to be afraid ( مَنof) II to فرقةfurqa separatedness, separation,
separate, part, divide, sever, sunder (هـ disunion
s.th.); to strew about, scatter, disperse (هـ فريقfarīq pl. فروقfurūq, افرقةafriqa, افر
s.th.); to make a distinction ( بينbetween), قاءafriqā2 band, company, troop,
distinguish, differentiate ( بينbetween; عن ه detachment, unit; party; faction; team
s.o. from); to distribute ( فيor على هـs.th. (sports); - a military and naval rank,
to, among); to frighten, scare, daunt, approx.: lieutenant general (Eg.), vice
terrify, horrify ( هs.o.) │ فرق تسدfarriq admiral (Eg.) │ ( فريق اولawwal)
tasud divide and rule! divide et impera! III lieutenant general (Ir.); ( فريق ثانtānin)
to separate o.s. disengage o.s., withdraw, major general (Ir.)
depart ( ه, هـfrom s.o., from s.th.), part ( ,هـ
فروقfarūq very fearful, timid,
هwith s.o., with s.th.), leave, quit ( ه, هـs.o.,
timorous, cowardly, craven;
s.th.) V to be or become separated, split,
--Constantinople
disunited, divided, scattered, dispersed,
separate, part, divide, scatter, disperse, فاروقfārūq very timorous; الفاروقhe
dissolve, break up VII to be or become who distinguishes truth from falsehood
separated, disunited, divided, separate o.s., (epithet of the 2nd Caliph, Omar)
disengage o.s. ( عنfrom), part ( عنwith) فاروقيةfārūqīya “Faruk cap”, winter
VIII = V │ ( افترق طرائق قدداṭarā’iqa field cap of the Egyptian Air Force (1939)
qidadan) to split into many parts or
groups, become divided فرقانfurqān proof, evidence; الفرقانthe
Koran
فرقfarq separation, severance,
sunderance, division, partition; مَفرقmafraq, mafriq pl. مَفارقmafāriq2
differentiation, distinction, discrimination; crossing, intersection, bifurcation, forking,
parting (of the hair); -- (pl. فروقfurūq) fork, junction, interjunction; road fork,
difference, dissimilarity, distinction; small highway intersection, crossroads, also مَفر
change, coins; pl. cases similar with ق الطرقm. aṭ-ṭuruq; المفرقal-mafraq or
regard to facts, yet different as to their قلعة المفرقqal‘at al-m. Mafrak (city in N
legal implications (Isl. Law) Jordan) │ مَفرق الشعرmafriq aš-ša‘r parting
(of the hair)
فرقfirq part, portion, division, section,
unit; band, company, party, detachment, تفريقtatrīq separation, severance,
troop, group; herd, flock sunderance, partition, division; dispersion,
dispersal, scattering; differentiation,
فرقfaraq fear, fright, terror distinction, discrimination; distribution;
فرقfariq fearful, timid, timorous, pl. تفاريقtafārīq2 single, separate parts,
cowardly, craven detached sections │ بالتفريقin detail; in
portions; by retail (com.)
فرقةfirqa pl. فرقfiraq part, portion,
division, section, unit; band, company,
تفرقةtafriqa separation, severance, مَفرقعmufarqi‘ explosive, blasting
sunderance, partition, division; dispersion, (adj.); pl. مَفرقعاتexplosives; firecrackers,
dispersal, scattering; differentiation, fireworks
distinction, discrimination; distribution │ فرقلةfarqilla (eg.) pl. -āt whip with a
بالتفرقةin detail; in portions; by retail leather thong, used in driving animals
(com.)
فركfaraka u (fark) to rob ( هـs.th.) II = I
مَفارقةmufāraqa separation, parting, V to be robbed VII = V
farewell, leave-taking, departure;
difference, dissimilarity, distinction فريكfarīk rubbed; cooked green wheat
فراقfirāq separation, parting, farewell, O مَفراكmifrāk twirling stick
leave-taking, departure; difference, 2
فراكlook up alphabetically
dissimilarity, distinction
فركشfarkaša (eg.) to disarrange, dishevel,
تفرقtafarruq separation, disunion, tangle ( هـs.th.), tousle, muss, tear (hair)
division; dispersing, dispersal, scattering; 1
deployment (in the field; mil.) فرمfarama i (farm) to out into small pieces (هـ
meat, tobacco), mince, chop, hash (هـ
افتراقiftirāq separation, disunion, meat) II = I
division
مَفرمَةmiframa meat grinder; mincer,
فارقfāriq distinguishing, differential, mincing machine
distinctive, discriminative, separative; (pl.
فوارقfawāriq2) a separating or distinctive مَفرمَمmafrūm: ( دخان مَفرومdukān) finely
factor; distinctive characteristic, criterion; cut tobacco; ( لحم مَفرومlaḥm) chopped
difference, distinction, dissimilarity, meat, hashed meat
disparity │ ( مَع بعد الفارقbu‘d l-f.) in spite 2
( فرمIt. forma) furma pl. فرمfuram mold
of the great difference
فرمَانfaramān pl. -āt, فرامَينfarāmīn2 firman;
مَفرقmufarriq distributor, retailer; decree, edict; (letter of) safe-conduct,
mailman, postman laisser-passer (formerly, in the Ottoman
مَفرقmufarraq retail (adj.) │ تاجر المفرق Empire)
retail merchant, retailer; بالمفرقby retail ( فرمَبوازFr. framboise) frambuwāz raspberry
مَتفرقmutafarriq dispersed, scattered; ( فرمَسونeg.) firmasōn (from Fr. franc-maçon)
sporadic; مَتفرقاتmiscellany, sundries Freemason
(com.), miscellaneous items
فرمَلةfarmala pl. فرامَتfarāmil2 brake (of a
مَفترقmuftaraq crossing, intersection, wheel, etc.)
bifurcation, forking, fork, junction,
interjunction; road fork, highway ( فرمَلجيeg.) farmalgī pl. -īya brakeman
intersection, crossroads, also مَفترق الطرق فرمَوزاfarmōza, formōza Formosa
m. aṭ-ṭuruq
فرنfurn pl. افرانafran oven, baking oven
2
فاوريقةpl. فواريقlook up alphabetically
فرانfarrān baker
3
افريقياlook up alphabetically
فرنجII tafarnaja to become Europeanized,
4
افريقيpl. افارقةlook up alphabetically adopt European manners, imitate the
فرقدfarqad calf; الفرقدانtwo bright stars of Ursa Europeans
Minor (β and γ) 709 الفرنجal-ifranj the Europeans │ بلد
فرقعfarqa‘a ( فرقعةfarqa‘a) to pop, crack, الفرنجEurope
burst, explode II tafarqa‘a = I افرنجيifranjī European; الفرنجيsyphilis
فرقعةfarqa‘a crack, pop, report (of a فرنجةfiranja2 Land of the Franks,
firearm); explosion, blast Europe
تفرنجtafarnuj Europeanization, مَفترياتmuftarayāt lies, falsities;
imitation of the Europeans calumnies
مَتفرنجmutafarnij Europeanized فريزfarīz pl. افرزةafriza = افريزifrīz (look up
1 alphabetically)
فرندfirind a sword of exquisite workmanship
2 فزfazza i (fazz) to jump up, start, bolt;
فرندةfaranda, varanda pl. -āt veranda, porch
to be or become frightened, terrified,
فرنسfarnasa ( فرنسةfarnasa) to make French, dismayed, startled; to frighten, alarm,
Frenchify, imbue with French culture (هـ startle ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.), scare away ( ه,عن هـ
s.th.) II tafarnasa to become a Frenchman; s.o., s.th. from) IV to frighten, alarm,
to imitate the French startle ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.), scare away ( ه,عن هـ
فرنساfaransā (also )فرنسةFrance s.o., s.th. from) V to become restless,
restive, uneasy X to fill with unrest or
فرنسيfaransī French; (pl. -ūn) excitement, rouse, agitate, excite, stir up,
Frenchman instigate, incite, egg on, inflame, whip up
فرنساويfaransāwī (also )فرنسويFrench ( هs.o.), provoke ( هـan incident); to startle
( عن هs.o. out of); to stir up, arouse (مَن ه
الفرنسيسal-faransīs the French s.o. from)
الفرنسيسكانal-faransiskān the Franciscans فزةfazza start, jump, bolt, dart
( فرنكFr. franc) firank and فرنكةpl. -āt franc استفزازistifzāz pl. -āt instigation,
فرهfarih lively, agile, nimble agitation, incitement, provocation
فراهةfarāha liveliness, agility, استفزازيistifzāzī agitative, instigative,
nimbleness, swiftness (of an animal); inflammatory, rabble-rousing,
sturdiness provocative, incendiary
فارهfārih lively, agile, nimble, swift فزرlazara u (fazr) to tear, rent, burst ( هـs.th.)
(animal); comely, pretty; sturdy; big V to be torn, be rent, split open, burst VII
=V
فروfarw (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. فراءfirā’ furriery,
fur(s), skin(s), pelt(s), peltry فزارةfazāra female leopard
فروةfarwa (n. un.) fur, pelt; akin, hide │ فروة فزورةfazūra pl. فوازرfawāzir2 (eg.)
الرأسscalp; ابو فروةabū f. (eg.) chestnut riddle, puzzle
710 فرىfarā i (fary) to split lengthwise, فزعfazi‘a a (faza‘) and faza‘a a (faz‘, fiz‘) to
cut lengthwise ( هـs.th.); (eg.) to mince, be afraid, be scared ( مَنof), be alarmed,
chop ( هـs.th.); to invent lyingly, fabricate, frightened, terrified ( لor مَنby); -- fazi‘a
trump up ( على هـs.th. against) │ فرى كذبا a to take refuge, flee ( الىto), seek asylum
(kidban) to fabricate, or invent, a lie (على ( الىwith) II to strike ( هs.o.) with fear; to
against) II to split lengthwise, cut frighten, scare, alarm, terrify, dismay,
lengthwise ( هـs.th.) IV = II; VIII to invent startle ( هs.o.) IV to frighten, startle,
lyingly, fabricate, trump up ( على هs.th. terrify, scare ( هs.o.) V to be terrified,
against); to slander, libel, calumniate (على startled, dismayed; to be frightened │ تفزع
s.o.) ( مَن نومَهnaumihī) to be roused from one’s
فريةfirya pl. فرىfiran lie, falsehood, sleep
falsity; slander, calumny فزعfaza‘ pl. افزاعafzā‘ fear, fright,
فرىfarīy: جاء( شيئا فرياor) اتىto do s.th. terror, alarm, dismay, anxiety,
unheard-of, do an unprecedented thing consternation, panic
مَفراةmifrāh (eg.) (= )مَفرمَةmeat grinder; فزعfazi‘ frightened, terrified, scared,
mincer, mincing machine alarmed, startled, dismayed, fearful,
timorous
افتراءiftirā’ lie, falsehood, falsity;
slander, calumny
مَفترmuftarin slanderer, calumniator
فزعانfaz‘ān frightened. terrified, انفساحinfisāḥ wideness, ampleness;
scared, alarmed, startled, dismayed, extension, expansion, dilation
fearful, timorous مَنفسحmunfasaḥ) wideness, ampleness;
فزاعةfazzā‘a one who inspires fear; plane, surface
scarecrow فسخfasaka a (fask) to dislocate, disjoint,
مَفزعmafza‘ place of refuge, retreat, luxate, put out of joint ( هـa limb); to
sanctuary sever, sunder, tear ( هـs.th.); (jur.) to
cancel, abolish, rescind, revoke, abrogate,
مَفزعةmafza‘a place of refuge, retreat,
annul, nullify, invalidate, dissolve, void,
sanctuary; scarecrow
vacate ( هـs.th.); -- fasika a (fasak) to lose
مَفزعmufzi‘ terrible, dreadful, alarming color; to fade (color) II to tear to pieces,
مَفزعmufzi‘ frightened, terrified, tear apart, lacerate, mangle ( هـs.th.); (eg.)
alarmed, startled to salt ( هـfish) V to break up into
fragments, fall apart, disintegrate VII
فستانfustān pl. فساتينfasātīn2 (woman’s) dress, (jur.) to be canceled, abolished, rescinded,
gown, frock revoked, abrogated, annulled, nullified,
فستقfustuq, fustaq pistachio (bot.) invalidated, dissolved, voided, vacated
فسحfasuḥa u ( فسحةfusḥa, فساحةfasāḥa) to be or فسخfask (jur.) cancellation,
become wide, spacious, roomy; 711 – abolishment, abolition, rescission,
fasaḥa a (fasḥ) to make room, clear a revocation, abrogation, annulment,
space ( في, هـin, لfor) II to make wide, nullification, invalidation, dissolving,
make spacious, widen, broaden, extend, voiding, vacating
expand ( هـs.th.); to make room, clea a فسخيfaskī abolitionary, revocatory,
space ( لfor) │ ( فسح مَجالَ لهmajālan) to abrogative, nullifying
make room for s.o., or s.th., give s.o. or
s.th. free play or free scope; to open up an فسخةfaska (wood) splinter, chip, sliver
opportunity for s.o.; فسح له الطريقto open فسيخfasīk (eg.) small salted fish
or pave the way for s.o. or s.th. IV to
مَتفسخmutafassik degenerate(d)
make room, clear a space ( لfor); to clear.
open up ( هـs.th., لfor) V to be or become فسدfasada u i ( فسادfasād, فسودfusūd) to be or
wide, spacious, roomy; to walk, take a become bad, rotten, decayed, putrid, be
walk VII to be or become wide, spacious, spoiled; to be or become vicious, wicked,
roomy; to extend, expand, dilate; to be vile, corrupt, depraved, be marred,
free, be ample (time) │ انفسحت لي الوقاتI impaired, corrupted, perverted, vitiated; to
had plenty of time be empty, vain, idle, unsound, false,
wrong II to spoil, deprave, ruin, corrupt,
فسحةfusḥa wideness, ampleness,
demoralize ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to degrade,
spaciousness, roominess; extensive
abase, sully, tarnish, defile ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.)
possibilities, ample opportunities, wide
IV to spoil ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.; هـs.th. علىof
scope for action; (time) margin, enough
s.o., e.g., s.o.’s plans, etc.), deprave,
time ( لfor); -- (pl. فسحfusaḥ, -āt) free,
corrupt, pervert, demoralize ( ه, هـs.o.,
open, or empty, space; holidays, vaoation;
s.th.); to mar, distort, devaluate,
walk, promenade, stroll, ride, drive,
depreciate, denigrate, degrade ( هـs.th., على
outing, excursion │ مَا زال في الوقت فسحة
for s.o.); to weaken, sap. undermine,
(waqt) there is still time
upset, ruin, destroy, foil, thwart, frustrate (
فسحةfusḥa pl. -āt (eg.) anteroom, هـs.th.); to alienate, estrange ( على هs.o.
vestibule, hallway, entrance hall; (eg., also from another; هـ علىs.o. from s.th.), entice
syr.) open space between houses; away ( علىs.o., هـfrom s.th.); to sow, or
courtyard stir up, dissension ( بينamong); to act
فسيحfasīḥ) pl. فساحfisāḥ wide, ample, evilly, wickedly; to cause mischief │ افسد
spacious, roomy, broad ( عليه امَرهamrahū) to play s.o. a dirty trick
VII = I
فسادfasād rottenness, spoiledness, فسفرfusfur phosphorus
corruption, decay, decomposition, فسفسfasfara (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. فسافسfasāfis2
putrefaction, putridity; depravity, bedbug
wickedness, viciousness, iniquity.
immorality; weakness; 712 pervertedness, فسفوسةfasfūsa pl. فسافيسfasāfīs2 pustule,
wrongness ; incorrectness, imperfection pimple
(of a legal transaction; Isl. Law) فسيفساءfusaifisā’ mosaic, mosaic work
2
مَفسدةmafsada pl. مَفاسدmafāsid cause فسقfasaqa u i (fisq, فسوقfusūq) and
of corruption or evil; scandalous deed, fasuqa u to stray from the right course; to
heinous act; pl. مَفاسدdirty tricks, malicious stray, deviate ( عنfrom); to act unlawfully,
acts, chicaneries │ في المصلحة والمفسدة sinfully, immorally, lead a dissolute life;
(maṣlaḥa) in good and bad times, for to fornicate ( بwith) II (Isl. Law) to
better or for worse declare ( هs.o.) to b. a fāsiq (q.v.)
افسادifsād thwarting, undermining, فسقfisq sinfulness, viciousness, moral
sabotaging depravity, dissolute life │ دور الفسقdūr al-
فاسدfāsid pl. فسديfasadī bad, foul, f. brothels
rotten, spoiled, decayed, decomposed, فسوقfusūq outrage, iniquity
putrid; depraved, corrupt, vicious, wicked,
immoral; empty, vain, idle, unsound, false, مَفسقةmalaaqa pl. مَفاسقmafāsiq2 brothel
wrong; imperfect (legal transaction; Isl. فاسقfāsiq pl. فساقfussāq, فسقةfasaqa
Law) │ ( دور فاسدdaur) vicious circle, godless, sinful, dissolute, wanton,
circulus vitiosus licentious, profligate, vicious, iniquitous,
فسرII to explain, expound, explicate, nefarious; trespasser, offender, sinner;
elucidate, interpret ( هـs.th.), comment (هـ fornicator, adulterer; a person not meeting
on) V to be explained, interpreted, etc. the legal requirements of righteousness
(see II); to have an explanation ( بin), be (Isl. Law)
explainable ( بwith, by) X to ask ( هs.o.) 2
فسقيةfasqīya, fisqīya pl. -āt, فساقيfasāqīy
for an explanation ( عنof), inquire ( عن هof fountain; well
s.o. about), ask ( عن هs.o. about); to seek 1
an explanation ( عنfor) فسلfasl pl. فسولfusūil low, lowly,
ignoble; despicable; false, deceitful
تفسيرtafsīr pl. تفاسيرtafāsīr2
explanation, exposition, elucidation, فسلlusUIa lowliness; w.akness
explication, interpretation; commentary فسيلةfasīla pl. فسيلfasīl, فسائلfasā’il2
(esp. one on the Koran) palm seedling, palm shoot
تفسيريtafsīrī explanatory, explicatory, 2
فسوليةfasūlīya = فصوليا
illustrative
فسلجةfaslaja physiology
تفسرةtafsira urine specimen (of a
فسلجيfaslajī physiologic(al) 713
patient, for diagnosis)
( فسا )فسوfasā u (fasw, فساءfusā’) to break wind
استفسارistifsār pl. -āt inquiry, question (
noiselessly
عنabout)
فاسياءfāsiyā’2 dung beetle
مَفسرmufassir commentator
فسوليةfasūliya = فصوليا
فسطاطfusṭāṭ pl. فساطيطfasāṭīṭ2 (large)
tent made of haircloth; tent, pavilion, فسيولوجياfisiyōlōjiyā physiology
canopy; الفسطاطal-fusṭāṭ ancient Islamic فسيولوجيfisiyōlōjī physiologic(al);
city south of present-day Cairo physiologist
فسطانfusṭān pl. فساطينfasāṭīn2 see فستان فشfašša u (fašš) to cause ( هـa swelling, and
فسفاتfusfāt phosphate the like) to subside; to go down, subside
(swelling) │ ( فش خلقه )غله( فيkulqahū,
فسفرfasfara and II tafasfara to phosphoresce
gillahū) (eg.) to vent one’s anger on … فصfaṣṣ pl. فصوصfuṣūṣ stone of a ring;
VII to go down, subside (swelling, and the clove (of garlic); segment (of an orange);
like) lobe (anat., bot.); joint; essence │ فص مَلح
f. milḥ (eg.) lump of salt; بنصه وفصه
فشةfišša pl. فششfišaš (eg., syr.) lung,
(naṣṣihī) in the very words, ipsissimis
lights (of animals)
verbis, literally, precisely
فاشيand فاشيةlook up alphabetically 1
فصحfaṣuḥa u ( فصاحةfaṣāḥa) to be eloquent II
فشخfašaka a (fašk) to straddle; to stride, take to bring ( هـthe language) into literary
large steps form, make ( هـthe language) correct
فشخfašk pl. -āt stride, large step Arabic, purify ( هـthe language) IV to
express o.s. in flawless literary Arabic; to
فشرfašara u to brag, boast, swagger speak clearly, distinctly, intelligibly; to
فشرfašr bragging, swagger, vain give expression ( عنto), express, state
clearly, declare outright, make plain (عن
فشارfušār bragging, swagger, vain s.th.), speak openly, frankly ( عنabout); to
boasting orient, inform ( عن لs.o. about); to become
فشارfišār (eg.) popcorn clear, plain, distinct V to affect eloquence,
affect mastery of the language VI = V
فشارfaššār braggart, swaggerer, vain
boaster فصيحfaṣīḥ pl. فصحاءfuṣaḥā’2, فصاح
fiṣāḥ, فصحfuṣuḥ pure, good Arabic
فشفاشfašfāš (eg.) lung, lights (of animals)
(language), literary; skillful in using the
فشكfašak (coll.; n. un. )ةcartridges │ فشك خلبي correct literary language; clear, plain,
(kullabī) blank cartridges (Syr.); فشك دخاني distinct, 716 intelligible (language,
(dukānī) smoke cartridges (Syr.) speech); fluent, eloquent
فشلfašila a (fašal) to lose courage, be or فصاحةfaṣāḥa purity of the language;
become cowardly or faint-hearted, lose fluency, eloquence
heart, despair; to be disappointed; to fail,
افصحafṣaḥ2, f. فصحىfuṣḥā of purer
he unsuccessful ( فيin); to miscarry, go
language; more eloquent │ (العربية )اللغة
wrong, fail n and IV to thwart, foil,
‘( الفصحىarabīya, luga) classical Arabic; الف
frustrate ( هـs.th.) V to fail, be
صحىdo.
unsuccessful
افصاحifṣāḥ flawless literary Arabic
فشلfašal disappointment, failure, flop,
style; frank statement, open word (عن
fiasco
about), open declaration ( عنof)
فشلfašl, fašil weak, faint-hearted,
مَفصحmufṣiḥ clear, plain, distinct,
cowardly, craven
intelligible; cloudless, sunny, bright (day)
فاشلfāšil failing, unsuccessful, futile, 2
فصحIV to celebrate Easter (Chr.); to celebrate
doomed to failure; no good, worthless
Passover (Jud.)
( فشا )فشوfašā u ( فشوfašw, fušuw, فشيfušīy) to
فصحfiṣḥ, faṣḥ pl. فصوحfuṣūḥ Easter
spread, spread about, diffuse, gain ground,
(Chr.); Pesach, Passover (Jud.)
make the rounds, circulate; to be revealed,
he disclosed, he divulged IV to spread, فصدfaṣada i (faṣd, فصادfaṣād) to open
disseminate, put in circulation ( هـs.th.); to a vein; to bleed ( هs.o.), perform a
reveal, disclose, divulge ( هـor بs.th.) V venesection ( هon) V to drip (e.g., the face,
to spread, spread about, gain ground, rage ‘ عرقاaraqan with perspiration) VII to be
(e.g., a disease) bled, undergo a venesection; to bleed
(nose)
تفشtafaššin spreading, spread, outbreak
فصدfaṣd opening of a vein,
فصII (eg.) to remove the outer shell ( هـof
bloodletting, venesection, phlebotomy
s.th.)
فصادfiṣād opening of a vein,
bloodletting, venesection, phlebotomy
فصادةfiṣāda pl. فصائدfaṣā’id2 etc.); article (in a newspaper); class, grade
bloodletting, venesection, phlebotomy │ (school); season │ ( فصل الخطابin letters:)
ابو فصادةabū f. (eg.) wagtail (zool.) conclusion of the formal greetings by the
words 715 امَا بعدammā ba‘du; conclusion,
مَفصدmifṣad, pl. مَفاصدmafāṣid2 lancet
termination; decision; unmistakable
فصفاتfuṣfāt phosphate judgment; بيني وبينك فصل الخطابwe’re
فصفورfuṣfūr phosphorus through with one another once and for all;
( فصل التمثيلtheater) season; القول الفصل
فصفوريfuṣfūrī phosphoric, (qaul) the last word, the final decision; يوم
phosphorous │ ضياء فصفوري الفصلyaum al-f. Day of Judgment,
phosphorescence Doomsday
فصلfaṣala i (faṣl) to separate, part, O فصلةfaṣla comma │ O فصلة مَنقوطة
divide, disjoin, divorce, cut off, detach, set semicolon
apart, segregate ( ه, عن هـs.o. s.th. from); to
separate ( بينtwo things or persons); to فصلةfiṣla offprint, reprint
isolate ( هـs.th.); to cut, sever, sunder, فصيلfaṣīl pl. فصالfiṣāl, فصلنfuṣlān
interrupt ( هـs.th.); to discharge, dismiss, young (weaned) camel
fire, sack, expel ( مَنor عن هs.o. from an
فصيلةfaṣīla pl. فصائلfaṣā’il genus,
office), relieve, divest ( مَنor عن هs.o. of an
species, family (bot., and the like);
office), cashier ( هs.o.); to decide ( هـa
detachment, squad; group, cell (pol.);
controversy, and the like), make a
platoon, squadron (of heavy arms; mil.) │
decision. render judgment ( فيin, about,
فصيلة دمf. dam blood group; فصيلة العدامf.
with respect to); to fix the price ( هـfor
al-i‘dām firing squad, execution squad;
s.th.); -- ( فصالfiṣāl) to wean (ه عن الرضاع
فصيلة الَستكشافreconnaissance squad,
the infant from sucking); -- faṣala u (فصول
patrol
fuṣūl) to go away, depart, move away (عن
or مَنfrom), leave ( عنor مَنa place), pull فيصلfaiṣal decisive criterion;
out ( عنor مَنof a place) II to divide into arbitrator, arbiter
particular sections, arrange in sections, فيصلfaiṣalīya “Faisal cap”, Iraqi field
group, classify, categorize ( هـs.th.); to cap (formerly, Ir.)
present in logical order, set forth in detail,
detail, particularize ( هـs.th.); to make (هـ مَفصلmafṣil pl. مَفاصلmafāṣil2 joint,
s.th.) clear, plain, distinct; to make to articulation
measure, cut out ( هـa garment) III to مَفصليmafṣilī articular
separate o.s., dissociate o.s., be separated (
هfrom s.o.), part company ( هwith); to تفصيلtafṣīl detailed statement,
haggle, bargain ( على هwith s.o. for) VII to elaborate or minute exposition,
separate o.s., disengage o.s., dissociate particularization, detailing; elaborateness,
o.s. segregate, secede ( عنfrom); to be minuteness, completeness of detail;
separated, disjoined, detached, removed, cutting out, cut (of a garment); (pl. -āt, تفا
set aside, cut off ( عنfrom), be interrupted; صيلtafāṣīl2) detail, particular │ تفصيلا
to be discharged, dismissed, fired, sacked, tafṣīlan and بالتفصيلin detail, elaborately,
cashiered; to retire, resign ( مَنor عنfrom minutely, circumstantially; مَن تفصيل...
an office), be relieved, be divested ( مَنor (with foll. genit.) made to measure by ...;
عنof an office); to quit, leave ( مَنor عنa tailored by ...; ثياب التفصيلtailor-made
political party, and the like) clothes; مَحبوك التفصيلwell-fitting
(garment)
فصلfaṣl parting, disjunction,
detachment, severance, sunderance, تفصيليtafṣīlī detailed, minute,
cutting off; separation; division, partition; particular, elaborate; analytic(al); تفصيليا
discharge, dismissal ( مَنor عنfrom an tafṣīlīyan separately, singly, one at a time
office); decision, (rendering of) judgment; │ المساحة التفصيليةland survey
-- (pl. فصولfuṣūl) section, part; chapter; انفصالinfiṣāl separation;
act (of a play); movement (of a symphony, disengagement, dissociation, withdrawal;
secession; interruption │ O حرب الَنفصال هـtears) │ ( فض بكارتهاbakāratahā) to
ḥarb al-inf. the American Civil War; انصار deflower a girl; لَ فض فوكlā fuḍḍ fūka
الَنفصالseparatists how well you have spoken! II to plate or
coat with silver, to silver ( هـs.th.) VII to
انفصاليinfiṣālī separatistic; (pl. -ūn)
he opened, be broken, be undone (e.g., a
separatist
seal); to be scattered, be dispersed, be
انفصاليةinfiṣālīya aeparatism فاصلfaṣil routed; to scatter, disperse, disband, break
separatory, separating, parting, dividing; up, dissolve; to be concluded, be closed
isolating, insulating; decisive, crucial; (session, and the like) VIII to deflwer ( هاa
conclusive; separation, partition, division, girl)
interruption │ بل فاصلwithout
فضfaḍḍ opening, breaking, undoing
interruption, uninterrupted, unbroken; فاص
(e.g., of a real); dispersion, scattering,
ل الحرارةf. al-ḥarāra heat-insulating
breaking up, routing; settlement, settling
(phys.); ( مَباراة فاصلةmubārāh) finals, final
(of a dispute); conclusion, closure (e.g., of
match (sports); ( خط فاصلkaṭṭ) demarcation
a session) │ فض البكارةf. al-bakāra
line
defloration
فاصلةfāṣila pl. فواصلfawāṣil2 partition,
فضةfiḍḍa silver
division; interstice, interspace, interval; O
comma; O dash (punctuation mark); end, فضيfiḍḍī silver, silvery, argentic,
rhyme of a Koranic verse argentous, made of silver, like silver; فضيا
تfiḍḍīyāt silverware │ الجمهورية الفضية
مَفصلmufaṣṣal set forth or described
(jumhūrīya) Argentina; الستار الفضيthe
minutely, elaborately or in great detail,
motion-picture screen, the silver screen
detailed, minute, elaborate, circumstantial;
tailor-made, custom-made; مَفصلا مَفضmifaḍḍ implement for opening or
mufaṣṣalan in detail, minutely, breaking open │ مَفض الخطاباتletter opener
elaborately, circumstantially انفضاضinfiḍāḍ dissolution, breaking
مَفصلةmufaṣṣala pl. -āt hinge up, dispersal; end, close, conclusion,
closure (e.g., of a session)
مَنفصلmunfaṣl separate, detached
افتضاضiftiḍāḍ defloration
فصمfṣama i (faṣm) to cause ( هـs.th.) to
crack, crack ( هـs.th.); to split, cleave (هـ فضحfaḍaḥa a (faḍḥ) to disclose or uncover
s.th.); pass. fuṣima to be destroyed (house) s.o. ( )هfaults or offenses, expose, show up,
VII to have a crack, be cracked; to be compromise, shame, disgrace, dishonor (ه
split, be cleft s.o.); to outshine, eclipse ( هـs.th., e.g., the
moon the stars); to ravish, violate, rape (ها
فصمfaṣm pl. فصومَاتfuṣūmāt recess,
a woman); to disclose, reveal, show, bring
niche, chamfer (in walls; arch.)
to light, divulge, betray ( هـs.th.) VII to be
انفصامinfiṣām split; O schizophrenia exposed, be compromised, be disgraced,
فصولياfaṣūliyā (or )فصوليةthe common be dishonored VIII to become public,
European bean (Phascolus vulgaris L.; become known, come to light │ افتضح امَره
bot.) 716 (amruhū) he was exposed
قالبqālab, qālib pl. قوالبqawālib2 form; mold; قايشqāyiš pl. قوايشqawāyiš leather thong,
cake pan; model; matrix; last, boot tree, strap, belt, girth; strop
shoe tree │ ( قالب جبنjubn) a (chunk or loaf 1
قبqabba u (qabb) to chopoff, cut off ( هـs.th.,
of) cheese; ( قالب سكرsukkar) sugar loaf; e.g., the hand); to straighten up, draw o.s.
( قالب صابونṣābūn) a cake or bar of soap; up, become erect; to rise, ascend; to stand
( قلبا وقالباqalban) with heart and soul; on end, bristle (hair)
inwardly and outwardly
قبqabb pl. اقبaqubb hub, nave (of a
( قالوشFr. galoche) galōš pl. -āt galosh, wheel); lever, beam (of a balance)
overshoe
قبةqubba pl. قبابqibāb, قببqubab
قامَوسqāmūs pl. قوامَيسqawāmīs2 ocean; cupola, dome; cupolaed structure, dome-
dictionary, lexicon shaped edifice; domed shrine, memorial
احمر قانaḥmar2 qān(in) blood-red, deep-red shrine, kubba (esp., of a saint) │ قبة الجرس
q. al-jaras belfry, bell tower; قبة السلمq.
قانئqāni‘ blood-red, deep-red (= قانqānin) al-islām epithet of the city of Basra
قانونqānūn pl. قوانينqawānīn2 canon; مَقببmuqabbab cupolaed, domed,
established principle, basic rule, axiom, spanned by a cupola or dome; convex
norm, regulation, rule, ordinance, 2
prescript, precept, statute; law; code; tax, قبqabba pl. -āt collar (of a garment)
impost; (Tun.) tax on olives and dates; a قبجqabj, qabaj (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. قباجqibāj a
stringed musical instrument resembling kind of partridge
the zither, with a shallow, trapezoidal
قبحqabuḥa u (qubḥ, qabḥ, قباحةqabāḥa) to be
sound box, set horizontally before the
ugly, repulsive, repugnant, disgusting
performer │ ( القانون الساسيasāsī) basic
(physically or morally); to be
constitutional law; statutes; قانون التأسيس
ignominious, infamous, shameful,
statutes, constitution; ( القانون الجنائيjinā’ī)
disgraceful, foul, vile, base, mean II to
criminal law; penal law; قانون الحوال
make ugly, repulsive, or repugnant,
( الشخصيةšakšīya) personal statute; القانون
disfigure ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to denounce
( الدستوريdustūrī) constitutional law; القانون
s.o.’s action (‘ عليه فعلهa. fi‘lahū) as ugly,
( الدوليduwalī) international law; قانون
ignominious, infamous, shameful, or
المرافعاتq. al-murāfa‘āt code of procedure
disgraceful; to censure, rebuke (عليه فعله
(jur.; Eg.); قانون اصول المحاكمات الحقوقية
s.o. for his action) X to find ( ه, هـs.o.,
(Syr.); قانون السلك الداريas-silk al-idārī
s.th.) ugly, repugnant, or repulsive, find (هـ
administrative law; ( قانون كيماويkīmāwī)
s.th.) ignominious, infamous, shameful,
disgraceful, foul, vile, base, or mean; to قبسةqabsa firebrand
disapprove ( هـof s.th.), dislike ( هـs.th.) قابوسqābūs nightmare
قبحqubḥ, qabḥ ugliness; ignominy, اقتباسiqtibās learning, acquisition (of
infamy, shamefulness │ قبحا لهshame on knowledge); loaning, loan, borrowing
him! (fig); adoption, taking over, acceptance,
قبيحqabīḥ pl. قباحqibāḥ, قباحىqabāḥā, adaptation (of a literary text or passage);
قبحىqabḥā ugly, repulsive, repugnant, quotation, citation (of another’s literary
disgusting (physically or morally); work or ideas)
ignominious, infamous, shameful, مَقتبساتmuqtabasāt loans, borrowings
disgraceful, foul, vile, base, mean; (fig.)
impudent, shameless, insolent, impertinent
قبصqabaṣa i (qabṣ) to take up with finger and
قبيحةqabīḥa pl. قبائحqabā’iḥ2, قباحqibāḥ thumb ( هـs.th.), take a pinch ( هـof s.th.)
abomination, shameful deed, dirty trick,
low act قبصةqabṣa, qubṣa as much as may be
taken between the finger and the thumb, a
قباحةqabāḥa ugliness; ignominy, pinch
infamy, shamefulness 737
قبضqabaḍa i (qabḍ) to seize, take, grab,
اقبحaqbaḥ2 uglier; more infamous; grasp, grip, clasp, clutch ( علىor بor ه,هـ
fouler, viler s.o., s.th.), take hold, take possession (على
مَقابحmaqābiḥ2 ugly traits, repulsive or بor ه, هـof); to hold ( ه, ب هـ, علىs.o.,
qualities s.th.); to apprehend, arrest ( علىs.o.); to
1 receive, collect ( هـs.th., e.g., money); to
قبارqubbār, qabbār capers (bot.)
contract, constringe ( هـs.th.); to constipate
2
قبرqabara u i (qabr, مَقبرmaqbar) to bury, ( البطنal-baṭna the bowels); to oppress,
inter, entomb ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) deject, dishearten, dispirit, depress ( هs.o.);
قبرqabr pl. قبورqubūr grave, tomb, pass. qubiḍa or قبضت روحهqubiḍat rūḥuhū
spulcher to die │ قبضه اor ( قبض ا روحهrūḥahū)
God made him die; ( قبض يده عنyadahū) to
قبرmaqbar pl. مَقابرmaqābir2 tomb, keep o.s. from seizing s.o. or s.th.; to be
burying place, burial ground; cemetery, ungenerous, be stingy toward; قبض الصدر
graveyard (( )النفسṣadr, nafs) to oppress, deject,
مَقبرةmaqbura, maqbara pl. مَقابر dishearten, dispirit, depress II to contract,
maqābir2 tomb, burying place, burial constringe ( هـs.th.); to give ( هـs.th.) into
ground; cemetery, graveyard s.o.’s ( )هpossession; to pay ( هـa price) │
(( قبض الصدر )النفسṣadr, nafs) to oppress,
مَقبريmaqburī, maqbarī caretaker of a deject, dishearten, dispirit, depress V to
cemetery; gravedigger contract, become contracted; to shrink,
3
قبرqubbar (coll.; n. un. )ةlark (zool.) shrivel; to be constipated (bowels) VII =
V; to be received; to shut o.s. off ( عنfrom,
قبرصqubruṣ2 and قبرسqubrus2 Cyprus
to), close one's mind ( عنto); to be
قبرصيqubruṣī Cyprian, Cypriote (adj. dejected, depressed, dispirited, ill at ease,
and n.); القبارصةal-qabāriṣa the Cypriotes also ( انقبض صدرهṣadruhū)
قبسqabasa i (qabs) to derive, acquire, loan, قبضqabḍ gripping, grasping, seizing,
borrow, adopt, take over ( مَن هـs.th. from) seizure, holding; taking possession,
VIII to take, or seek to take, fire ( مَنfrom, appropriation; apprehension, arrest ( علىof
also ;)نارا مَنto acquire or seek to acquire s.o.); receiving, receipt (esp., of money);
knowledge ( مَنfrom, also ;)علما مَنto learn contraction, constriction, constipation │ الق
( هـs.th.); to loan, borrow, adopt, take over ( بض والدفعdaf‘) revenues and
( مَنor هـ عنs.th. from) expenditures; ( القى القبض عليهalqā l-qabḍa)
قبسqabas firebrand; live coal to arrest s.o.
3
قبضةqabḍa pl. qabaḍāt seizure; grip, قبطانqubṭān pl. قباطينqabāṭīn2, قباطنةqabāṭina
hold, clasp, grasp; handful; (Eg.) a 738 captain (of a ship and, in Tun., as a
linear measure of 12.5 cm; -- (pl. قباض military rank = Fr. capitaine)
qibāḍ) handle, haft, hilt │ قبضة اليدq. al- قبعqaba‘a a ( قبوعqubū‘) to retract the head
yad fist; في قبضتهin s.o.’s possession, in (hedgehog); to crouch, squat, sit; -- (qab‘,
s.o.’s hands, in s.o.’s power; في قبضة يده قباعqibā‘, qubā‘) to grunt (hog); to
do.; وقع في قبضتهto fall into s.o.’s hands trumpet (elephant); -- (qab‘) to drink in
قبضةqubḍa pl. قبضqubaḍ handful hasty gulps (eg.)
قباضةqibāḍa raising, collecting, levying قبعةqubba‘a pl. -āt hat; cap; (syr.)
(of funds, of taxes) small felt cap
قبضاىqabaḍāy pl. -āt (syr., leb.) مَقبعmuqabba‘ wearing a bat, hatted
strong-arm (esp. one serving as bodyguard قبقبqabqaba to swell, bulge
for politicians and prominent
personalities); tough, bully قبقابqabqāb pl. قباقيبqabāqīb2 wooden
clog, patten │ قبقاب انزلَقskate
مَقبضmaqbiḍ, miqbaḍ pl. مَقابض
maqābḍ2 handle, haft, hilt قباقيبيqabāqībī: ( مَسمار قباقيبيmismār)
small nail, blue tack (eg.)
مَقبضmiqbaḍ pl. مَقابضmaqābiḍ2
handle, knob, grip (also, e.g., of a walking قبلqabila a ( قبولqabūl, qubūl) to accept ( بor
stick) ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to receive (kindly,
hospitably) ( هs.o.), give ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) a
تقابضtaqābuḍ (Isl. Law) a reciprocal friendly reception, receive ( هـs.th.)
taking possession (of a commodity and its favorably, approve ( ه, هـof s.o., of s.th.); to
monetary equivalent by buyer and seller acquiesce ( هـin s.th.), put up ( هـwith
respectively) s.th.), agree, consent, assent ( هـto, also ;)ب
انقباضinqibāḍ contraction, shriveling, to admit ( ه, في هـs.o., s.th. to); to obey (مَن
shrinking, shrinkage; constipation (of the s.o.), yield, give in ( مَنto s.o.), submit to
bowels); oppression, anguish, anxiety, s.o.’s ( )مَنcommand; -- qabila a and
dejectedness, depression, low spirits, qabala u i ( قبالةqabāla) to guarantee,
gloom, also انقباض الصدرinq. aṣ-ṣadr vouch, be surety ( بfor) │ قبل الذهاب مَعي
(dahāba) he was willing to go with me;
قابضqābiḍ constipating, costive
qabila with acc. of a maṣdar frequently
(med.); grievous, distressing,
corresponds to an English adjective in
embarrassing; receiver, recipient; gripper,
-able, -ible, -ive, -al, e.g., داء يقبل الشفاء
clamp, claw, catcher, tongs, holder
(šifā’a) a curable disease, بضائع تقبل الَلتهاب
(techn.); (pl. -ūn, قباضqubbāḍ) (tax)
(highly) combustible merchandise; َاثمان ل
collector │ ‘( عضلة قابضةaḍala) flexor; قاب
( تقبل المزاحمةmuzāḥamata) prices that are
( ض على المَرamr) ruler, potentate
beyond competition; ( قبل شكاšakkan) to
مَقبوضmaqbūḍ: مَقبوض عليهperson under admit doubt II to kiss ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.);
arrest; (pl. -āt, مَقابيضmaqābīḍ2) revenue (eg.) to go 739 south(ward) III to b. or
(fin.) stand exactly opposite s.o. or s.th. ( ه,)هـ,
مَنقبضmungabiḍ oppressed, worried, be face to face ( ه, هـwith); to confront,
dispirited, disheartened, downcast, face, counter ( هs.o.; هـ بs.th. with, e.g., a
dejected, depressed, ill at ease │ مَنقبض situation with caution); to meet ( هs.o.; ب
( الصدر )النفسm. aṣ-ṣadr (or an-nafs) do. هـs.th., e.g., a danger, with, by); to
1
encounter ( هs.o.), run across s.o. ( ;)هto
قبطII ( قبط وجههwajhahū) to knit the brows, visit ( هs.o.), call on s.o. ( ;)هto meet, get
frown, scowl, glower together, have a talk or interview ( هwith
2
القبطal-qibṭ, al-qubṭ pl. القباطal-aqbāṭ the s.o.); to interview ( هs.o.); to receive (in
Copts audience) ( هs.o.), grant an audience ( هto
s.o.); to receive ( هـ, بs.o., s.th. with, e.g.,
قبطيqibṭī, qubṭī Coptic; Copt a news with joy); to repay, return, requite (
ب هـs.th. with); to compare, collate ( علىor (or its) own accord; لي قبله دينlī qibalahū
ب هـs.th. with) │ قابله على الرحب والساعة dain he owes me a debt, he is indebted to
(raḥb, sā‘a) to welcome s.o. or s.th.; قابله me
( بالمثلbi-l-mitl) to return like for like IV to قبلةqubla pl. qublāt, qubulāt, قبلqubal
turn forward; to draw near, come close to kiss
s.o. or to a place ()على, approach ( علىs.o.,
a place); to advance ( علىto, toward); to قبلةqibla kiblah, direction to which
turn ( علىto. toward); to embark, enter (على Muslims turn in praying (toward the
upon s.th.), engage ( علىin); to give one’s Kaaba); recess in a mosque indicating the
attention, devote o.s. ( علىto s.o., to s.th.), direction of the Kaaba, prayer niche │ اولى
dedicate o.s., apply o.s., attend ( علىto القبلتينūlā l-qiblatain the first of the two
s.th.), occupy o.s. ( علىwith); to take an kiblahs, i.e. Jerusalem; قبلة النظارq. al-
interest, become or be interested ( علىin); anẓār focus of attention, target of all eyes,
to go, come ( الىto); to be abundant (crop); ideal, goal sought after and aspired to; قبلة
(with foll. imperf.) to begin to do │ اقبل الَهتمامobject of widespread interest, focus
( عليه الدهرdahru) or ( اقبل عليه الدنياdunya) of attention
luck is on his side, fortune smiles on him قبلىqiblī southern, south │ الوجه القبلي
V to accept, receive ( هـs.th.); to hear, (wajh) Upper Egypt
grant ( دعاءهdu‘ā’ahū s.o.’s prayer; of God)
VI to be opposite each other, face each قبولqabūl, qubūl (friendly) reception;
other; to meet (e.g., two persons); to get welcome; acceptance; concurrence,
together, have a meeting; meet ( مَعwith); consent, assent, approval, admission,
to be compared, be collated VIII to admittance; with foll. maṣdar
receive ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to apply o.s. corresponding 740 to English abstract
gladly and willingly ( هـto s.th.) X to turn nouns in -ability, -ibility, -ivity, -ality, e.g.,
one’s face ( ه, هـto s.o., toward s.th.); to go ‘ عدم قبول التفرقةadam q. at-tafriqa
to meet, to meet ( هs.o.); to face, confront, indivisibility
meet ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to take upon o.s., قبيلqabīl guarantor, bail(sman), surety;
assume ( هـs.th.); to receive ( هa visitor, a kind, specimen, species, sort; tribe │ مَن
guest; هـs.th., e.g., a radio broadcast) هذا القبيلof this kind, like this, such; in this
قبلqablu (adv.) or مَن قبلmin qablu and respect; ( مَن قبيل اليضاحq. il-īḍāḥ by way
قبلاqablan previously, formerly, earlier, of illustration, as an explanation; مَن كل قبيل
before; ( مَن ذي قبلqablu), ( عن ذي قبلafter a ( ودبيرdabīr) of every origin (whatsoever);
comparative) ... than before; qabla (prep.) ليس مَن هذا المَر في قبيل ولَ دبيرhe is not in the
before, prior to │ قبل كل شيءqabla kull least involved in this affair, he has
šai’in first of all, above all; مَن قبلmin absolutely nothing to do with this affair
qabli before, prior to; ( قبل انconj.) before قبيلةqabīla pl. قبائلqabā’il2 tribe
قبلئذqabla’idin previously, formerly, قبليqabalī tribal
once, in former times
قبالةqabāla bail, guaranty, suretyship,
قبيلqubaila (prep.) shortly before, prior liability, responsibility; contract,
to; ( قبيل انconj.) shortly before agreement
قبلqubl, qubul fore part, front part, قبالةqibāla midwifery, obstetrics
front, face │ ( مَن قبلqubulin) in front;
from the front, from in front قبالةqubālata (prep.) opposite, face to
face with, vis-à-vis, in front of
قبلqibal power, ability; -- qibala
(prep.) in the presence of, before. near; in تقبيلtaqbīl kissing
the direction of, toward │ ( لَ قبل لهqibala) قبالqibāla (prep.) opposite, face to face
he has no power over it, it is not in his with, vis-à-vis, in front of
power; he is incapable of accomplishing
مَقابلةmuqābala encounter; meeting;
it; مَن قبلmin qibali on the part of, from,
conversation, talk, discussion; interview;
by; مَن قبل نفسهby himself (or itself), of his
audience; reception; comparison, collation
│ مَقابلة ذلكmuqābalata d. or في مَقابلة ذلكin مَقبولmaqbūl acceptable, reasonable;
return for that, in exchange for that, in satisfactory (as an examination grade;
compensation for that, as an equivalent for Eg.); pleasing, obliging, complaisant,
that, for that, therefor; تشريح المقابلة amiable; well-liked, likable, popular,
comparative anatomy; ( المقابلة بالمثلbi-l- welcome
mitl) requital; retaliation, reprisal; أخذ مَقبلاتmuqabbilāt appetizers, hors
بالمقابلةto return like for like d’oeuvres
اقبالiqbāl drawing near, advance, مَقابلmuqābil facing, opposite; counter-
approach; coming, arrival, advent; (in compounds); equivalent, wages, 741
turning, application, attention, response, remuneration, recompense │ مَقابل ذلك
responsiveness ( علىto), concern ( علىfor), (muqābila) or في مَقابل ذلكaccordingly, in
intereot ( علىin), demand; good fortune, accordance with that, in return for that, in
prosperity, welfare │ اقبالا وادباراiqbālan exchange for that, in compensation for
wa-idbāran back and forth, to and fro, up that, as an equivalent for that, for that,
end down therefor; مَقابل تقديم الكوبونupon presentation
تقبلtaqabbul receptivity, susceptibility, of the coupon; مَائة سفينة مَقابل خمسين في العام
sensibility ( السابقmi’at safīna m. kamsīn 100 ships as
compared with 50 the previous year; بدون
اقتبالiqtibāl reception
مَقابلor مَن غير مَقابلwithout compensation,
استقبالistiqbāl pl. -āt reception; for nothing, gratis
opposition (astron.); full moon (as an
مَقبلmuqbil coming, next (e.g., month,
astronomical aspect); the future; استقبالا
year)
istiqbālan in the future │ آلة الَستقبال
receiving set, receiver; غرفة الَستقبالgurfat مَقتبلmuqtabal: في مَقتبل العمرfī m.
al-ist. reception room, parlor; كان في استقباله il-‘umr in the prime of life; مَقتبل الليل
he was present to greet him, he had come (muqtabala l-lail) at the beginning of the
to meet him, he received him night, early at night
قابلqābil obstetrician, accoucheur; مَستقبلmustaqbil receiving set, receiver
coming, next (e.g., month); subject, liable, (radio)
susceptible, disposed ( لto s.th.); O مَستقبلmustaqbal front part, front, face;
receiver (radio); with foll. لand maṣdar future (adj.); the future
corresponding to English adjectives in
-able, -ible, -ive, -al, e.g., ( قابل للموتli-l- قبنII to weigh (with a steelyard) ( هـs.th.)
maut) mortal; قابل للشفاءcurable; قابل لللتهاب قبانqabbān steelyard; scale beam;
(highly) combustible, inflammable; قابل platform scale, weighbridge
للتوصيلconductive (el.); غير قابل للرجوع 1
irrevocable; يكون جواز السفر قابلا للتجديد اربع قباءqabā’ pl. اقيةنaqbiya an outer garment
( مَراتjawāz as-safar, arba‘a marrātin) the with full-length sleeves
passport can be renewed four times 2
( قبا )قبوqabā u to vault, arch, camber, curve,
قابلةqābila pl. -āt, قوابلqawābil 2 bend ( هـs.th.)
midwife, accoucheuse; -- (pl. قوابل قبوqabw pl. اقبيةaqbiya vault; vaulted
qawābil2) receptacle, container; -- pl. قوابل roof; cellar; tunnel, gallery, drift, adit
beginnings (mining); O prompt box │ O قبو الوقاية مَن
قابليةqābilīya faculty, power, capacity, ( الغارات الجويةjawwīya) air-raid shelter
capability, ability; aptitude, fitness; قبوةqabwa vault
tendency, disposition, liability,
susceptibility, sensibility, receptivity (ل قباءqibā’ interval, interspace, distance
to); appetite │ قابلية للتوصيلconductivity قبودانqabūdān captain
(el.); قابلية القسمةq. al-qisma divisibility; cf.
قتqatta u (qatt) to render falsely,
قابل
misrepresent, depreciate, belittle,
minimize ( هـs.th.); to lie VIII to uproot, الخطأq. al-kaṭa’ accidental homicide (jur.);
root out, extirpate ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) ‘( القتل العمدamd) or ‘( القتل العمديamdī) or القت
‘( ل عمداamdan) or القتل العمد مَع سبق الصرار
قتاتqattāt slanderer, calumniator
(sabqi l-iṣrār) premeditated murder
قتبqatab pl. اقتابaqtāb (eg.) hunch, hump
قتلqitl pl. اقتالaqtāl enemy, foe,
مَقوتبmuqautab hunchbacked adversary, opponent
قتادqatād tragacanth (Astragalus; bot.) قتيلqatīl pl. قتلىqatlā killed; killed in
│ على قتادhe was sitting on a bed of thorns battle, fallen; one killed in battle, casualty
قترqatara u i (qatr, قتورqutūr) and II to be │ قتيل الحربq. al-ḥarb man killed in war
stingy, tightfisted, niggardly, parsimonious قتالqattāl murderous, deadly, lethal
( علىtoward s.o.), keep ( علىs.o.) short,
اقتلaqtal2 deadlier, more lethal in effect
stint ( علىs.o.) IV do.; to live in straitened
circumstances, be or become poor مَقتلmaqtal murder, death; murderous
battle; (pl. مَقاتلmaqātil2) vital part of the
قترqatr stinginess, niggardliness,
body (the injury of which will bring about
parsimony ( علىtoward)
death), mortal spot, mortal organ;
قترةqatara dust Achilles’ heel, vulnerable spot │ ضربه في
قتارquṭār aroma, smell (of s.th. fried or ( مَقاتلهḍarabahū) or ( اصاب مَنه المقتلaṣāba)
cooked) he hit him at his most vulnerable spot
قفطانqufṭān pl. قفاطينqafāṭīn caftam, a long- اقتفاءiqtifā’ following (of s.o.’s tracks),
sleeved outer garment, open in front and tracking; imitation
fastened by a ḥizām قافيةqāfiya pl. قوافqawāfin rhyme;
القفقاسal-qafqās the Caucasus (eg.) play on words, pun, double,
entendre; nape
قفعqafa‘a a (qafa‘) to contract; to shrink; to
shrivel, become wrinkled II to shrivel (هـ قيقبlook up alphabetically
the fingers; of the cold) V = I قاقلي, قاقلةand قاقمlook up alphabetically
قفعqaf‘ testudo 781 قلqalla i (qill, qull, قلةqilla) to be or become
قفقفqafqafa ( قفقفةqafqafa) and II taqafqafa to little, small, few (in number or quantity),
shiver with cold trifling, insignificant, inconsiderable,
scant, scanty, sparse, spare, meager; to be
قفلqafala u i ( قفولqufūl) to come home, come rare, scarce; to be of rare occurrence,
back, return; -- i (qafl) to shut, close (هـ happen seldom; to decrease, diminish,
s.th.); to latch, lock, shut up, bolt ( هـs.th.); wane, grow less; to be or become less,
to accumulate, amass, hoard ( هـs.th.) II littler, smaller, fewer (in number or
and IV to padlock ( هـs.th.); to shut, close ( quantity), more trifling, less significant,
هـs.th.); to switch off, shut off, turn off (هـ less considerable, scanter, scantier, sparser
s.th.); to cut off, stop ( هـthe supply of), ( عنthan); to be second, be inferior ( عنto
block, bar, close ( هـs.th.); to latch, lock, s.o.) -- (qall) to pick up, raise, lift ( ه,عن هـ
shut up, bolt ( هـs.th.) s.o., s.th. from the ground); to carry (هـ
قفلqufl pl. اقفالaqfāl, قفولqufūl s.th.) │ ( الَ مَا قل وندرillā, wa-nadara) but
padlock; lock, latch; bolt; O lock (of a for a few exceptions, with a few
canal) exceptions only; ( قل صبرهṣabruhū) to be
impatient lose one’s patience II to make
قفالqaffāl locksmith little or leas, diminish, lessen, decrease,
اقفالiqfāl shutting, closing, closure; reduce, do seldom or less frequently (.
shutting up; locking, bolting; stoppage, or .,.. s.th.) IV = II; to do or give little (مَن
blocking, blockage, barring, obstruction in or of); to pick up, raise, lift ( ه, عن هـs.o.,
s.th. from the ground); to be able to carry (
قافلqāfil pl. قافلةqāfila, قفالquffāl
ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to carry, transport, convey
home-coming, returning; homecomer,
( هs.o., هـs.th.) VI to think little ( هـof),
repatriate
scorn, disdain, despise ( هـs.th.) X to find (
قافلةqāfila pl. قوافلqawāfil2 caravan; هـs.th.) little, small, inconsiderable,
column; convoy │ قافلة )تجارية( بحرية insignificant, trifling; to esteem lightly,
undervalue, despise ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to
make light ( ه, هـof), set little store ( ه,هـ meager, insufficient; scarce, rare; a small
by), care little ( ه, هـfor); to pick up, raise, number, a small quantity, a modicum, a
lift ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to carry, transport, little ( مَنof); قليلاqalīlan a little,
convey ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to board ( هـs.th., somewhat; seldom, rarely │ قليلا مَاseldom,
e.g., a ship, a carriage, or the like); to rise; rarely; قليلا قليلاby and by, slowly,
to be independent; to possess alone (ب gradually; الكل الَ قليلاal-kull illā q. almost
s.th.) │ ( استقل بحملbi-ḥimlin) to assume a everything, nearly all; بعد قليلa little later,
burden; ( استقل بصنعهbi-ṣan‘ihī) he alone some time later on, shortly afterward;
made it, he was the only one who made it; shortly, before long; عن قليلor عما قليل
782 ( استقل بنفسهbi-nafsihī) to be entirely (‘ammā) soon, before long, shortly; ليس مَنه
self-reliant, be left to one’s own devices; لَ بقليل ولَ بكثيرto have absolutely nothing
to be independent, manage without others, to do with s.th.; قليل الدبq. al-adab
get along by oneself; (استقل بمهمة )بواجب uncivil, impolite, rude, uncouth; قليل الحياء
(bi-muhimmatin, bi-wājibin) to assume a q. al-ḥayā’ shameless, brazen, impudent,
task (or duty) insolent, impertinent; قليل الَرتفاعlow; قليل
الصبرq. aṣ-ṣabr impatient; قليل الوجود
قلماqallamā (conj.) seldom, rarely;
scanty, scarce; rare
scarcely, barely, hardly
اقلaqalla less; fewer; smaller; rarer; الق
قلqill, qull littleness, smallness,
لthe least, the minimum │ على القلor بالق
fewness; insignificance,
لat the very least; at least; ( على اقل تقديرat
inconsiderableness, triviality, paucity,
the lowest estimate) = على القل; لَ اقل مَن ان
paltriness, scarceness, sparseness,
(aqalla) the least one can do is to ...; I
scantiness, insufficiency; a little, a small
(you, etc.) could at least ...; اقل مَن القليل
number, a small quantity, a modicum; --
quite insignificant, all but negligible; واقل
qill tremor
مَن هذا وذاك انlet alone that …, not to
قلةqalla recovery, recuperation; mention that …, to say nothing of ...
restoration of prosperity
اقليةaqallīya smaller number, numerical
قلةqulla highest point; top, summit; inferiority; (pl. -āt) minority
apex; vertex; (cannon) ball; (pl. قللqulal)
تقليلtaqlīl decrease, diminution,
jug, pitcher
reduction
قلةqilla pl. قللqilal littleness, fewness;
اقللiqlāl decrease, diminution,
smallness, inconsiderableness,
reduction
insignificance, triviality; paucity,
paltriness, scantiness, sparseness; استقللistiqlāl independence
scarceness, rareness, rarity; minority; lack, استقلليistiqlālī of or pertaining to
want, deficiency, insufficiency, scarcity │ independence, independence (used
قلة الحساسq. al-iḥsās insensitivity, attributively); proponent of independence
obtuseness; قلة الحياءq. al-ḥayā’
shamelessness, impudence, insolence, مَقلmuqill propertyless, unpropertied,
impertinence; قلة الصبرq. aṣ-ṣabr without means, poor, destitute
impatience; قلة الوجودscantiness, scarcity; مَستقلmustaqill independent;
rareness, rarity; جمع القلةjam‘ al-q. (gram.) autonomous; separate, distinct, particular
plural of paucity (for persons or things
whose number is between three and ten) قلووظ, ( قلووزTurk. kılavuz) qalāwūẓ ship’s
pilot; screw
بقليتهbi-qillīyatihī completely, wholly,
entirely │ ( رحلوا بقليتهمraḥalū) they setout قليةqallāyz pl. -āt, قلليqalālīy
all together or with bag and baggage (monastic) cell; residence of the Coptic
Patriarch (Chr.) 783
قليلqalīl pl. اقلءaqillā’, قلائلqalā’il2, قل
لqilāl little; few; insignificant, قلبqalaba i (qalb) to turn around, turn about,
inconsiderable, trifling; small (in number turn up(ward), upturn ( هـs.th.); to turn,
or quantity), scant, scanty, spare, sparse, turn over ( هـs.th.); to turn face up or face
down ( هـs.th.); to turn inside out or
outside in ( هـs.th.); to turn upside down ( ( البؤسramḍā’ l-bu’s) to live in utmost
هـs.th.); to tip, tilt over, topple over (هـ misery VII to be turned, be turned around,
s.th.); to invert, reverse ( هـs.th.); to be turned about, be turned up(ward), be
overturn, upset, topple ( هـs.th.); to capsize upturned, be turned over; to be reversed,
( هـs.th.); to roll over ( هـs.th.); to subvert, be inverted; to be turned inside out or
overthrow ( هـa government); to change, outside in; to be turned upside down, be
alter, turn, transform, convert, transmute ( toppled, get knocked over; to be
هـs.th., هـ هـs.th. to or into s.th.); to overturned, be upset, be overthrown; to be
transpose ( هـs.th.); to exchange rolled, over; to overturn, somersault; to
capsize; to be changed, be altered, be
( هـ هـs.th. for s.th.) │ ( قلبه رأساra’san) to
transformed, be converted, be transmuted;
turn s.th. upside down; قلب له ظهر المجن
to change, turn ( هـor الىinto s.th.),
(ẓahra l-mijan) to show s.o. the back of
become ( هـor الىs.th.); to turn (على
the shield, i.e., to give s.o. the cold
against; الىto); to return; (with foil.
shoulder, become hostile to s.o. II to turn,
imperi.) to proceed suddenly to do s.th.,
turn around, turn about, turn up(ward),
shift, instantly to s.th., change over to s.th.
upturn, turn over ( هـs.th.); to turn face up
│ ( انقلب ظهرا لبطنẓahra li-baṭnin) to be
or face down ( هـs.th.); to turn inside out
turned topsy-turvy; to be completely
or outside in ( هـs.th.); to turn upside down
devastated; انقلب الى الهجومto take the
( هـs.th.); to tip, tilt over, topple over (هـ
offensive
s.th.); to invert, reverse ( هـs.th.); to
overturn, upset, overthrow, topple (هـ قلبqalb reversal, inversion; overturn,
s.th.); to capsize ( هـs.th.); to roll over (هـ upheaval; conversion, transformation,
s.th.); to turn, turn over ( هـpages); to transmutation; transposition (of letters),
rummage, ransack, rake ( هـs.th.); to roll ( metathesis (gram.); perversion, change,
هـs.th.); to stir ( هـs.th.); to examine, study, alteration; overthrow (of a government)
scrutinize, investigate ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to قلبqalb pl. قلوبqulūb heart; middle,
change, alter, turn, transform, convert, center; core, gist, essence; marrow,
transmute ( هـs.th., هـ هـs.th. to or into medulla, pith; the best or choicest part;
s.th.) │ ( قلبه بين يديهyadaihi) to turn s.th. mind, soul, spirit │ قلب السدq. al-asad
around in one’s hands, fidget with s.th.; قلب Regulus (star α in the constellation Leo;
( ه بعقلهbi-’aqlihī) to turn s.th. over in one’s 784 astron.); قلب الهجومcenter forward
mind, reflect on s.th., ponder s.th., brood (soccer); سويداء القلوبsuwaidā’ al-q. the
over s.th.; ( قلبه ظهرا لبطنẓahran li-baṭnin) innermost of the heart, the bottom of the
to turn s.th. completely upside down, turn heart; ضعيف القلبfainthearted,
s.th. topsy-turvy, turn s.th. over and over; pusillanimous, recreant, cowardly; قاسي
( قلب كفيهkaffaihi) to repent, be grieved; to القلبqāsī l-q. hardhearted, callous, pitiless,
be embarrassed; ( قلب فيه البصرbaṣara) or merciless, cruel; قساوة القلبqasāwat al-q.
( قلب فيه النظرnaẓara) to scrutinize, eye, hardheartedness, callousness, pitilessness,
regard s.th. V to be turned around, be cruelty; انقباض القلبdejectedness,
turned over, be reversed, be inverted; to be despondency, dispiritedness, depression;
overturned, get knocked over (e.g., a ( عن ظهر القلبẓahri l-q.) by heart; مَن صميم
glass); to toss and turn, toss about; to القلبfrom the bottom of the heart, most
writhe, twist, squirm, wriggle; to be sincerely; مَن كل قلبهwith all his heart; قلبا
changed, be altered, change; to fluctuate وقالباqalban wa-qālaban with heart and
(prices); to be changeable, variable, soul; inwardly and outwardly; (قلوبات )السكر
inconstant, fickle ( فيin s.th.); to move qulūbāt (as-sukkar) small candies,
(about), live, be at home ( فيin); to lozenges
dispose ( فيof), have at one’s disposal (في
s.th.) │ ( تقلب في وظائف عديدةwaẓā’ifa قلبيqalbī of or pertaining to the heart,
‘adīdatin) he held numerous offices; تقلب heart- (in compounds), cardiac, cardiacal;
(( في النعمة )النعيمni‘ma), تقلب في اعطاف العيش cordial, hearty, warm, sincere; قلبيا
( الناعمa. il-‘aiš) to lead a life of ease and qalbīyan cordially, heartily, warmly,
comfort, live in prosperity; تقلب على رمَضاء sincerely
قلبqulb, qalb, qilb palm pith, palm inverse, reverse(d), etc.; infolded (bem,
core (edible tuber growing at the upper seam); reciprocal (math.) │ بالمقلوبtopsy-
end of the palm trunk); qulb bracelet, turvy; upside down; wrong side out; the
bangle other way round, reversely, conversely,
vice versa
قلبةqalba (eg.) lapel; (pl. -āt) a measure
of capacity (Tun.; = 20 l) مَتقلبmutaqallib, also مَتقلب الطوار
( )الحوالwavering, vacillating, changeable,
قلبqullab tending to change; agile,
variable, inconstant, unsteady, fickle,
adaptable, resourceful; versatile, many-
capricious
sided, of varied skills or talents
مَنقلبmunqalab (place of overthrow,
قالبqālab, qālib pl. قوالبqawālib2
i.e.) the hereafter, the end one meets in
form; mold; cake pan; model; matrix; last,
death, the way of all flesh, final destiny;
boot tree, shoe tree │ قالب جبنq. jubn a
tropic │ ( مَنقلبšatawī) Tropic of
chunk or loaf of cheese; قالب سكرq. sukar
Capricorn; ( مَنقلب صيفيṣaifī) Tropic of
sugar loaf; قالب صابونq. ṣābūn a cake or
Cancer 785
bar of soap; ( قلبا وقالباqalban) with heart
and soul; inwardly and outwardly قلبقqalbaq a tall, usually cylindrical, fur cap
1
قليبqalīb m. and f., pl. اقلبةaqliba, قلب قلحqalaḥ yellowness of the teeth
qulub, قلبانqulbān well قلاحqulāḥ yellowness of the teeth
قلوبqalūb tending to change; agile, 2
قولحةqaulaḥa pl. قوالحqawāliḥ2 (eg.) cob (of
adaptable, resourceful; versatile, many- corn, and the like)
sided
1
قلدII to adorn with a necklace ( هاa woman);
قلابqallāb changeable, variable, to gird ( ه هـs.o. with); to invest ( ه هـs.o.
unsteady, inconstant, fickle, wavering, with an office), appoint ( هـ هs.o. to an
vacillating; reversible, tiltable; dumper; office), award ( هـ هto s.o. a decoration, an
tip wagon, skip │ ‘( عربة قلابةaraba) order), confer ( هـ هupon s.o. a rank); to
tipcart; ( قلاب خلطkallāṭ) rotary mixer grant ( هـ هto s.o. a favor); to entrust (هـ ه
قلابةqallāba agitator, stirring machine s.o. with the rule or government of s.th.),
give ( هs.o.) authority or power ( هـover
مَقلبmaqlab pl. مَقالبmaqālib2 (eg.)
s.th.); to follow blindly another’s ()ه
refuse dump, dump pile, dump; intrigue,
opinion; to copy, ape, imitate ( هs.o.); to
scheme. plot; April fool’s joke
forge, counterfeit ( هـs.th.) V to put on or
مَقلبmiqlab pl. مَقالبmaqālib2 hoe wear a necklace, adorn o.s. with a
تقليبtaqlīb: ‘ عند تقليب النظرinda t. in- necklace; to gird o.s. ( هـwith), put on (هـ
naẓar on closer inspection or examination, s.th.); to take upon o.s., assume ( هـs.th.);
when examined more closely to take over ( هـs.th., esp. power, control,
government)
تقلبtaqallub pl. -āt alteration,
transformation, change; variation; قلادةqilāda pl. قلائدqalā’id2 necklace; pl.
fluctuation (of prices); changeableness, قلائدexquisite poems
variableness, unsteadiness, inconstancy, مَقلدmiqlad pl. مَقالدmaqālid2 key
fickleness; pl. vicissitudes, ups and downs
مَقلادmiqlād pl. مَقاليدmaqālīd2 key │ مَقالي
│ ( تقلب جويjawwī) change of weather;
د المَورkey positions, power; مَقاليد الحكمm.
سريع التقلبvery changeable, very fickle,
al-ḥukm the reins of government or
capricious
power; ( تسلم مَقاليد الحكمtasallama) to take
انقلابinqilāb upheaval; revolution, over (the reins of) government, seize
overthrow, bouleversement; alteration, power; ( القى اليه مَقاليد المَورalqā) to entrust
transformation, change; solstice │ دائرة s.o. with the management, put s.o. in
الَنقلابtropic (geogr.) charge
مَقلوبmaqlūb turned over, turned
upside down, turned about, inverted,
تقليدtaqlīd pl. تقاليدtaqālīd2 imitation; root out, exterminate, 786 extirpate (
copying; blind, unquestioning adoption هـs.th.) IV to set sail, prepare to sail, get
(of concepts or ideas); uncritical faith under sail; to sail, put to sea, depart (ship);
to take off (airplane); to desist, abstain,
(e.g., in a source’s authoritativeness);
refrain ( عنfrom); leave off, abandon, give
adoption of the legal decision of a
up, renounce, relinquish ( عنs.th.) VIII to
madhab (lsl. Law); pl. tradition;
pluck out, tear out, pull out, weed out,
convention, custom, usage
uproot ( عنs.th.); to root out, exterminate,
تقليديtaqlīdī traditional, customary, extirpate ( هـs.th.)
conventional; based on uncritical faith
قلعqil’ pl. قلوعqul’, قلعqilā’ sail (of a
(e.g., in a source’s authoritativeness)
ship)
مَقلدmuqalld imitated, imitation,
قلعةqal’a pl. قلاعqilā’, قلوعqulū’
forged, counterfeit(ed), fake, sham,
fortress, stronghold, fort; citadel
spurious, false; tradition-bound
2 قلاعqulā’ thrush, canker of the mouth,
اقليدiqlīd pl. اقاليدaqālīd2 key
ulcerative stomatitis, stomacace (med.)
بحر القلزمbaḥr al-qulzum the Red Sea
قلاعيqulā’ī: ( الحمى القلاعيةḥummā)
1
قلسqalasa i (qals) to belch, burp, eruct II to footand-and-mouth disease
bow ( لto s.o.); (eg.) to make fun ( علىof),
مَقلعmaqla’ pl. مَقالعmaqāli’2 stone
poke fun ( علىat), ridicule ( علىs.o., s.th.)
quarry
2
قلسII to put a cap ( قنلسوةqalansuwa, q.v., هon
مَقلاعmiqlā’2 pl. مَقاليعmaqālī’2 slingshot,
s.o.’s head)
sling; catapult
3
قلسqals pl. قلوسqulūs hawser, cable, rope
اقلاعiqlā’ sailing, departure (of a ship);
1
قلشII to molt take-off (of an airplane)
تقليشtaqlīš molting, molt قلعطqal’aṭa to soil, sully, smirch ( هـs.th.)
2
( قالوشFr. galoche) galōš pl. -āt galosh, قلعوطqul’ūṭ a heretic
overshoe 1
قلفqalafa i (qalf) to hark ( هـa tree), strip the
2
قلشينqalšīn pl. قلاشينqalāšīn puttee bark ( هـfrom a tree); -- u (qalf); قلف قلفته
قلصqalaṣa i ( قلصqulūṣ) to contract; to shrink (qulfatahū) to circumcise s.o.
(laundered garment); to decrease, قلفqilf bark, rind (of a tree)
diminish; to dwindle, fade, wane, decline;
قلفةqulfa pl. قلفqulaf foreskin, prepuce
to become shorter, recede (shadow) │ قلص
( ظلهẓilluhū) his prestige declined; it قلافةqulāfa bark, rind (of a tree)
decreased, dwindled, faded II to contract, قلفaqlaf2 uncircumcised
draw together ( هـs.th.); to tuck up, roll up
2
( هـs.th.) V = I; تقلص ظله = قلص ظله قلفII to calk ( هـa ship)
اقلصaqlaṣa2 shorter قلافةqilāfa calking
3
تقلصtaqallaṣa contraction, shrinking, قلفةqalfa pl. -āt (tun.) foreman; workman,
shrinkage manual laborer
قليطqillīṭ scrotal hernia قلفطqalfaṭa to calk ( هـa ship); (eg.) to do
sloppy work, scamp, bungle
قليطqllīṭ afflicted with scrotal hernia
قلفونqalafūn and قلفونيةqalafūnīya rosin,
قلعqala‘a a (qal‘) to pluck out, tear out, colophony
pull out, weed out, uproot ( هـs.th.); to root
out, exterminate, extirpate ( هـs.th.); to قلقqaliqa a (qalaq) to totter, be unsteady; to
take off ( هـclothes) │ قلعه مَه جذورهto pull be or become uneasy, disquieted,
out s.th. with the root, II to pluck out, tear apprehensive, anxious, excited, agitated,
out, pull out, weed out, uproot (. s.th.); to upset, perturbed, troubled, disturbed; to be
restless, be sleepless, pass, a sleepless
night, find no sleep IV to trouble, worry, │ ( قلم اظفار خصمهaẓāfira kaṣmihī) to
alarm, disturb, upset, disconcert, disquiet, neutralize, disarm one’s opponent
discompose, discomfit, discomfort, make قلمqalam pl. اقلامaqlām reed pen; pen;
uneasy or anxious ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); to make writing, script, calligraphic style, ductus;
restless, fill with uneasiness or anxiety, handwriting; style; office, bureau, agency,
perturb, agitate, excite ( هs.o.); to rob s.o. ( department; window, counter; item, entry
)هof his rest (com.); (eg.) stripe, streak, line; (eg.)
قلقqalaq unrest, uneasiness, disquiet, slapin the face │ بقلمهbi-qalamihī written
alarm; agitation, excitement, perturbation; by him; قلم الحبرq. al-ḥibr fountain pen; قلم
stir, sensation; anxiety, apprehensiveness, ( حبر جافjāff) and قلم حبر ناشفball-point
apprehension, fear, worry, concern; pen; قلم التحريرeditor’s office, editing
restlessness; sleeplessness; impatience room; قلم الحركةq. al-ḥaraka traffic bureau;
قلم الحساباتq. al-ḥisābāt accounting
قلقqaliq uneasy, disquieted;
department; قلم الدارةq. al-idāra
apprehensive, worried, concerned,
administration office, head office; قلم
anxious; agitated, excited, perturbed,
الرصاصq. ar-raṣāṣ pencil; قلم السياحةtravel
upset; disturbed, troubled; restless;
agency; قلم الَستعمالَتinformation bureau;
sleepless; impatient
قلم المطبوعاتpress and information office;
قلوقqalūq (eg.) restless قلم القيوداتbureau of vital statistics, (G.B.)
اقلاقiqlāq disquieting, troubling, (general) register office; قلم الكتابq. al-
perturbation; disturbance kuttāb clerical office; O قلم الكوبيةq. al-
kūbīya indelible pencil, copying pencil; قلم
مَقلقmuqliq intrigant, schemer, ( المرورEg.) Traffic Control Board
troublemaker
قلامَةqulāma pl. -āt clippings, cuttings,
قلقاسqulqās (coll.; n. un. )ةpl. -āt a variety of parings, shavings; nail cuttings
taro or elephant’s ear (Colocasia
antiquorum; bot.) مَقلمةmiqlama pl. -āt pen case
كka (with foll. genit.) as, like; all but, as good كئبka’ib and كئيبka’īb sad, dispirited,
as; as, in my (your, etc.) capacity of │ dejected, downcast, depressed,
كالولka-l-awwali as before, as at the melancholy; gloomy, morose; grave
beginning, as from the outset; كهذاka-hādā مَكتئبmukta’ib sad, dispirited, dejected,
such, e.g., رجل كهذاrajulun kahādā such a downcast, depressed, melancholy;
man, a man like this; هم كالمجمعين على ذلك gloomy, morose; grave; dark-colored,
(ka-l-mujmi‘īna) they are as good as blackish, dismal
1
( كابلFr. cable) kabil cable كافkāf name of the letter ك
2
كابلkābul2 Kabul (capital of Afghanistan) كافورkāfūr camphor, camphor tree; (eg.) blue
gum (Eucalyptus globulus Lab.; bot.)
ابليkābūlī Kabuli, of Kabul; (eg.)
mahogany wood كاكنجkākinj, kākanj alkekengi, ground cherry
(Physalis alkekengi; bot.)
( كابينFr. cabine) kābīn pl. كبائنkabā’in2, كباين
kabāyin2 cabin ( كالوIt. callo) kallō pl. كالوهاتcorn (on the
toes)
كاتدرائيةkātidrā’īya cathedral
كالونgālōn gallon; -- (eg.) kālūn and كيلون
كاثوليكيkātūlīkī Catholic; a Catholic; see also
kailūn pl. كوالينkawālīn2 lock (of a door)
كثلك
كوالينيkawālīnī pl. -ya locksmith
كاخيةkākiya pl. كواخkawākin butler, steward
1 كامَبودياkambōdiyā Cambodia
كادkād anacardium (bot.) │ ( كاد هنديhindī)
cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale; ( كامَبيوIt. cambio) kombiyō rate of exchange
bot.) كامَخkāmak, kāmik pl. كوامَخkawāmik2 vinegar
2
كأدka’ada a to be sad, distressed, worried sauce, pickle; (mixed) pickles
كأداءka’dā’2 sadness, sorrow, distress, كامَيراkāmērā camera
grief; fear; dark night │ ‘( عقبة كأداءaqaba) كامَيهkāmīh cameo (precious stone)
insurmountable obstacle
سوق الكانتوsūq al-kantō rag fair, secondhand
كؤودka’ūd: ‘( عقبة كؤودaqaba) market
insurmountable obstacle
كانتينkantīn post exchange, canteen
( كادرFr. cadre) kādir cadre (of a
military unit, of a governmental agency, of كاهيةkāhiya pl. كواهkawāhin chief officer of a
a corporation, etc.), skeleton organization, كهايةkihāya (Tun.); deputy, vice-, under-,
skeleton unit, skeleton crew (of a naval sub- (Tun.)
unit) كاوتشقkautšuq rubber, caoutchouc
كادمَيومkadmiyom cadmium كبkabba u (kabb) to prostrate, throw prostrate
كارkār pl. -āt work, job, occupation, ( لوجههli-wajhihī or على وجهه هs.o.); to
business; calling, vocation, profession, overturn, overthrow, topple, upset,
trade │ ابن كارibn k. (eg.) artisan, capsize, turn upside down, revert, invert (
craftsman; ارباب الكاراتartisans, craftsmen; هـs.th.); to pour out, pour away ( هـa
‘ عداوة الكارadāwat al-k. professional liquid) II to ball, roll or form into a ball,
jealousy, trade rivalry 807 conglomerate ( هـs.th.) IV to throw down,
prostrate, bend down, bow down ( هs.o.);
كارتونkartōn cardboard, pasteboard; (pl. -āt) to throw o.s. down, prostrate o.s.; to bend,
carton bow, lean ( علىover s.th.); to apply o.s.
كاردينالkardīnāl pl. كرادلةkarādila cardinal eagerly, devote o.s., dedicate o.s. ( علىto
s.th.) VII to fall prostrate ( ;)على وجههto
كارى = كرىkarrī curry
throw o.s. down, prostrate o.s.; to bend,
كاريكاتوريةkarīkātūrīya caricature, cartoon bow, lean ( علىover); to apply o.s. eagerly,
كاز = غازgāz gas devote o.s., dedicate o.s. ( علىto); to nestle
( علىagainst); to be reverted, be inverted,
كازينوkāzīnō pl. كازينوهاتkāzīnōhāt casino be overturned, be upset, be toppled, get
كأسka’s f., pl. كؤوسku’ūs, كئاسki’ās, كأسات knocked over; to be poured away │ انكب
ka’sāt cup; drinking glass, tumbler; goblet; ( على قدمَيهqadamaihi) to throw o.s. at s.o.’s
chalice, calix; calyx (bot.) feet, prostrate o.s. before s.o.
كساتاkāsātā cassata (Italian ice cream) كبkabb prostration; overthrow,
overturn, reversal; bending, tilting,
كاغطkāgiṭ (mor.) paper inclination
كبةkubba pl. كببkubab ball; clew, كبحkabaḥa a (kabḥ) to rein in ( هـa horse); to
hank; ball of thread, hank of yarn; (syr., check, curb, control ( هـs.th.); to hamper,
ir.) a kind of meatballs made of bulgur, hinder, prevent, detain, restrain, hold back
onions, minced meat and piñons; (eg.) ( عن هs.o. from) │ ( كبح جماحهjimāḥahū) to
bubo, plague boil curb s.o.’s defiance, repress s.o. or s.th.
كبابkabāb fried or broiled meat; كبحkabḥ curbing, checking, subdual,
cabobs, meat roasted in small pieces on a restraint, control; suppression, repression;
skewer; a kind of meatballs made of finely hindering, prevention
chopped meat (syr., eg.) │ ( كباب صينيṣīnī; O مَكبحmikbaḥ brake (of an automobile)
eg.) cubeb (Piper cubeba Tr.; bot.)
كبدkabada u i (kabd) to affect severely, afflict
كبابةkabāba, kubāba cubeb (Piper gravely, wear out, wear down ( هs.o.; of
cubeba; bot.) pain, losses, etc.) II to cause ( هـ هto s.o.
( كبيبةeg.) kubēba a kind of meatballs, s.th., esp. losses), inflict ( هـ هupon s.o.
hamburgers │ ( كبيبة بطاطسeg.) baked s.th., esp. losses); to culminate, pass
potato dough stuffed with minced meat, through the meridian (star); to reach its
meat patties climax III to bear, suffer, endure, undergo,
sustain, stand ( هـs.th.) V to bear, suffer,
□ كبايةkubbāya pl. -āt drinking glass,
endure, undergo, sustain, stand ( هـlosses,
tumbler 808
hardships, etc.); to have to take upon o.s. (
مَكبmikabb pl. -āt, مَكابmakābb2 ball هـs.th.), be exposed ( هـto); to bear, defray
of thread, hank of yarn; reel of thread, ( هـcosts); to take up the center, step into
bobbin, spool, reel the middle ( هـof a place); to be in the
اكبابikbāb devotion, dedication ( علىto zenith, culminate
s.th.); occupation ( علىwith), pursuit (على كبدkabid, kabd, kibd m. and f., pl. اكباد
of) akbād, كبودkubūd liver; interior, heart;
انكبابinkibāb devotion, dedication (على middle, center; -- kabid, kabad center of
to s.th.); occupation ( علىwith), pursuit (عل the sky, zenith
ىof) كبادkubād liver ailment
مَكبmukibb devoted, dedicated, كبادkabbād, kubbād name of several
addicted, given over ( علىto), intent (على citrus plants (Citrus medica Risso, Citrus
on), wholeheartedly engaged ( علىin) Bigaradia Duh., also Zollikoferia spinosa
مَنكبmunkabb devoted, dedicated, B.; eg.); kabbād (syr.) citron (Citrus
addicted, given over ( علىto), intent (على medica)
on), wholeheartedly engaged ( علىin) 1
كبرkabara u (kabr) to exceed in age ( ب هs.o.
( كباريهFr. cabaret) kabārēh pl. -āt cabaret by), be older ( هthan s.o., بso-and-so
1
much); -- kabura u (kubr, kibar, كبارة
كبتkabata i (kabt) to put down, crush, kabāra) to be or become great, big, large;
suppress, repress, stifle, subdue, restrain, to grow, increase, augment, become
curb ( هـs.th.) │ ( كبت غيظه في جوفهgaiẓahū greater, bigger or larger; to become
fī jaufihī) to suppress one’s anger; كبت famous, gain significance, become
( انفاسهanfāsahū) to get s.o. out of breath important; to become too great, too big,
كبتkabt suppression, repression toe large ( عنfor s.th.); to disdain (عن
2
s.th.); to become toe oppressive, too
كبوتkabbūt pl. كبابيتkabābīt2 hood, cowl; painful, too distressing, too burdensome;
hooded mantle; top of a carriage or to appear intolerable ( الىto s.o.); to
automobile become too difficult, too hard ( الىfor s.o.),
كبتولةkabtūla lump, chunk; ball; pellet appear insurmountable ( الىto s.o.) II to
make great(er), big(ger), large(r), enlarge,
مَكبتلmukabtal round
magnify, enhance, aggrandize ( هـs.th.); to
( كبتنEngl.) kabtan captain (military rank) extend, expand, widen, amplify ( هـs.th.);
to increase, augment ( هـs.th.); to intensify senior officers; كبار الموظفينk. al-
( هـs.th.); 809 to exaggerate, play up (هـ muwaẓẓafīn senior officials; كبار الهيئاتk.
s.th.); to aggravate, make worse ( هـs.th.); al-hai’āt the leading personalities of
to praise, laud, extol, exalt, glorify, public corporations
celebrate ( هs.o., هـs.th.); to exclaim كبيرةkabīra pl. -āt, كبائرkabā’ir2, كبر
allāhu akbar III to treat haughtily, with kubur great sin, grave offense, Atrocious
disdain, with contempt ( هs.o.); to seek to crime
excel, try to surpass, strive to outdo (ه
s.o.); to contend, vie, strive, contest ( هwith كبارkubār, kubbār very great, very big,
s.o.); to oppose, resist, contradict ( هs.o.); huge
to renege, renounce ( هـs.th.), offend (هـ كبرياءkibriyā’ grandeur, glory,
against), act contrary ( هـto); to stickle, magnificence, majesty; pride, haughtiness,
insist stubbornly on one’s opinion IV to presumption, arrogance
consider great, deem significant, regard as
formidable ( هـs.th.); to praise, laud, extol اكبرakbar2 pl. -ūn, اكابرakābir2, f. كبرى
( هs.o.); to show respect ( هto s.o.), he kubrā, pl. كبرياتkubrayāt greater, bigger,
deferential ( هtoward s.o.); to admire (ها larger; older; senior-ranking │ المفتي الكبر
s.th.) V and VI to be proud or haughty, (muftī) grand mufti; ( سوريا الكبرىsūriyā)
give o.s. airs, swagger; to be overweening, Greater Syria; أكابر القومa. al-qaum the
overbearing ( علىtoward s.o.) X to deem leaders of the people; الكابر والعيانthe
great or important ( هـs.th.); to be proud, grandees and notables
haughty, display arrogance ( علىtoward تكبيرtakbīr enlargement, increase,
s.o.) augmentation, magnification;
كبرkibr bigness, largeness, magnitude; enhancement, aggrandizement;
greatness, eminence, grandeur; intensification, amplification;
significance, importance; standing, exaggeration; augmentative (gram.);
prestige; nobility; pride, haughtiness, praise, laudation, extolment, exaltation,
presumption, arrogance glorification; the exclamation ا اكبر
allāhu akbar
كبرkubr greatness, eminence, grandeur;
bigness, largeness, magnitude; size, bulk, مَكابرةmukābara haughtiness,
extent, expanse; power, might; glory, superciliousness, overweening,
fame, renown, standing, prestige; nobility; overbearingness; self-importance,
main part, bulk pomposity; stubbornness, obstinacy, self-
will
كبرkibar bigness, largeness, magnitude;
greatness, eminence, grandeur; old age اكبارikbār admiration; deference,
respect, regard, esteem
كبرةkabra old age
تكبرtakabbur and تكابرtakābur pride,
كبيرkabīr pl. كبارkibār, كبراءkubarā’2 haughtiness, presumption, arrogance
great, big, large, sizable; bulky,
voluminous, spacious; extensive, مَكبرmukabbir pl. -āt O amplifier (el.)
comprehensive; significant, considerable, │ مَكبر الصوتm. aṣ-ṣaut or مَكبر صوت
formidable, huge, vast, enormous; (ṣautī) 810 loud-speaker (radio); نظارة
powerful, influential, distinguished, ( مَكبرةnaẓẓāra) magnifying glass
eminent; important; old │ كبير امَراء البحار مَكبرةmukabbira pl. -āt magnifying
k. umara’ al-b. Admiral of the Fleet (Eg.); glass
كبيرة الخدمk. al-kadam female head of the
houaehold staff; كبير الساقفةk. al-asāqifa مَكبرmukabbar enlarged, magnified │
archbishop; كبير السنk. as-sinn old; كبير ( صورة مَكبرةṣūra) enlargement, blowup
القضاةk. al-quḍāh chief justice, chief (phot.); بصورة مَكبرةincreasingly, on a
magistrate; ( ابو كبيرabū) asafetida, devil’s larger scale, to an increasing degree
dung (pharm.); كل صغيرة وكبيرةevery مَكابرmukābir presumptuous, arrogant,
single detail; كبار الضباطk. aḍ-ḍubbāṭ supercilious, haughty, overweening;
quarrelsome, contentious, cantankerous; press, copying press; O ( مَكبس مَائيmā’ī)
self-willed, obstinate, stubborn; stickler hydraulic press
مَتكبرmutakabbir proud, imperious, تكبيسtakbīs massage
high-handed, haughty, supercilious, O آلة كابسةāla kābisa compressor
overweening
2 مَكبوسmakbūs raided, attacked;
كبرkabar capers; caper shrub pressed; preserved, pickled; مَكبوسات
كبرتkabrata to coat with sulfur ( هـs.th.); to canned goods, conserves
sulfurize, sulfurate ( هـs.th.); to vulcanize ( كبسولkabsūl or كبسولةkabsūla capsule;
هـs.th.) percussion cap, primer, detonator; snap
كبريتkibrīt sulfur; matches │ عود كبريت fastener
‘ūd k. matches, a match كبشkabaša u (kabš) to take a handful ( هـof
كبريتةkibrīta match, matchstick s.th.); to grasp with the hand, clench (هـ
s.th.)
كبريتيkibrītī sulfureous, sulfurate,
sulfurous, sulfuric │ ( حمام كبريتيḥammām) كبشkabš pl. كباشkibāš, اكباشakbāš
sulfur bath; ( ينبوع كبريتيyanbū‘) sulfur ram, male sheep; bellwether; chieftain,
spring chief, head, leader; battering-ram; pile
كبريتاتkibrītāt sulfate driver; rammer; (pl. كبوشkubūš)buttress,
pier, stay, prop, support; mulberry │ كبش
كبريkubrī or ( كوبريfrom Turk. köprü) pl. التصادمk. at-taṣādum (pl. )كبوشbumper
كباريkabārī bridge; deck (railroad); كبوش قرنفلk. qaranful cloves
كبسkabasa i (kabs) to exert pressure ( علىon), كبشةkabša a handful; grasp, grip
press ( علىs.th. or on s.th.), squeeze (على
كبشةkabša ladle, scoop
s.th.); to attack, raid, take by surprise ( هـa
place); to intercalate ( السنة بيومas-sanata كبشةkubša pl. كبشkubaš hook, clamp,
bi-yaumin a day in a leap year); cramp, brace; clasp, brooch 811
to preserve (in vinegar, or the like), كبكبkabkaba to topple, upset, capsize,
pickle ( هـs.th.); to marinate ( هـs.th.); to overturn, turn upside down, revert, invert (
conserve ( هـs.th.) II to press or squeeze هـs.th.); to spill ( هـs.th.)
hard ( هـs.th.); to massage ( هs.o.) كبيكجkabīkaj Asiatic crowfoot (Ranunculus
كبسkabs pressure, squeeze, pressing; Asiaticus; bot.)
raid, attack; preservation (esp. in vinegar), 1
كبلkabala i (kabl) to put in irons, shackle,
pickling; intercalation (of a day; astron.) fetter ( هs.o.); to keep waiting ( هs.o., هـfor
كبسkabsa (n. vic.) raid, surprise attack s.th., esp. for the payment of a debt) II to
put in irons, shackle, fetter ( هs.o.) III to
كباسkabbas piston; press; ramrod │ O
keep waiting ( هs.o., هـfor s.th., esp. for the
( مَوسى كباسmūsā) penknife
payment of a debt), defer, put off ( الدينad-
كبيسkabīs preserved (esp. in vinegar), daina the payment of a debt)
pickled; pickled food, preserves;
كبلkabl, kibl pl. كبولkubūl leg iron,
intercalary, intercalated, interpolated │ سنة
chain, shackle, fetter
( كبيسةsana) leap year
كبوليkabūlī and كابوليkābūlī pl. كوابيل
كابوسkābūs pl. كوابيسkawābīs2 night-
kawābīl2 bracket, corbel, console (arch.);
mare, incubus; terrible vision, phantom,
lean to roof, pent roof, shed roof (arch.)
bugbear
2
كابلand كابليlook up alphabetically
كبسmikbas pl. مَكابسmakābis2 or مَكباس
mikbās pl. مَكابيسmakābīs2 press; piston كابينpl. كباينlook up alphabetically
(of a pump); ramrod │ مَكبس القطنm. al- ( كبا )كبوkabā u (kabw, kubūw) to fall forward (ل
quṭn cotton press; O مَكبس الخطاباتletter وجههli-wajhihī on one’s face); to stumble,
trip, slip; -- u to empty ( هـa vessel), pour
out the contents ( هـof a vessel); to become the Bible │ اهل الكتبahl a1-k. the people
dim (light); to become dull, fade, lose of the Book, the adherents of a revealed
luster (color); to rise, swirl up (dust) IV to religion, the kitabis, i.e., Christians and
fail, fail to produce a spark (lighter) VII to Jews; كتاب الزواجk. az-zawāj marriage
fail headlong; to stumble, trip, slip contract; كتاب الطلقk. aṭ-ṭalāq bill of
divorce; ( كتاب تعليميta‘līmī) textbook; كتاب
كبوةkabwa (n. vic.) fall, tumble, drop;
الَعتمادcredentials (dipl.); دار الكتبlibrary
stumble, trip, slip, false step; dust
كتبيkutubī pl. -ya bookseller, book-
كابkābin dull, dim, pale, dead, flat;
dealer 812
slack, weak, decrepit; see كاب
alphabetically كتابخانةkitābkāna and كتبخانةkutubkāna
library; bookstore
كبايةsee كب
كتابkuttāb pl. كتاتيبkatātīb2 kuttab,
كبوتsee 2كبت
Koran school (lowest elementary school)
كتkatta i (katt) to hum softly
كتيبkutayyib booklet
كتkatt and كتيتkatīt soft humming
كتابةkitāba (act or practice of) writing;
كتالوجkatālōg pl. -āt catalogue art of writing, penmanship; system of
كتبkataba u (katb, كتبةkitba, كتابةkitāba) to writing, script; inscription; writing,
write, pen, write down, put down in legend; placard, poster; piece of writing,
writing, note down, inscribe, enter, record, record, paper; secretariat; written amulet,
book, register ( هـs.th.); to compose, draw charm; pl. كتاباتwritings, essays; كتابة
up, indite, draft ( هـs.th.); to bequeath, kitābatan in writing │ بالكتابةwritten; بدون
make over by will ( ل هـs.th. to s.o.); to كتابةbi-dūn k. unwritten, oral; blank; كتابة
prescribe ( على هـs.th. to s.o.); to التاريخhistoriography, historical writing;
foreordain, destine ( لor على هـs.th. to s.o.; كتابة الدولةk. ad-daula (Magr.) secretariat
of God); pass. kutiba to be rated, be of stae; ‘( كتابة عامَةāmma) secretariat
foreordained, be destined ( لto s.o.) │ كتب general; اسم الكتابةism al-k. pen name, nom
على نفسه انto be firmly resolved to ..., de plume; آلة الكتابةtypewriter; لغة الكتابة
make it one’s duty to ...; كتب عنهto write lugat al-k. literary language; ورق الكتابة
from s.o.’s dictation; ( كتب كتابهkitābahū) to waraq al-k. writing paper
draw up the marriage contract for s.o., كتابيkitābī written, in writing; clerical;
marry s.o. ( علىto) II to make ( هs.o.) write literary; scriptural, relating to the revealed
( هـs.th.); to form or deploy in squadrons ( Scriptures (Koran, Bible); kitabi, adherent
هـtroops) III to keep up a correspondence, of a revealed religion; the written part (of
exchange letters, correspond ( هwith s.o.) an examination) │ ( اسلوب كتابيuslūb)
IV to dictate ( هـ هto s.o. s.th.), make (ه literary style; ( غلطة كتابيةgalṭa) slip of the
s.o.) write ( هـs.th.) VI to write to each pen, clerical error; اعمال كتابيةclerical
other, exchange letters, keep up a work, office work, desk work; الكمال الكتابي
correspondence VII to subscribe VIII to (kamāl) literary perfection; ( لغة كتابيةluga)
write ( هـs.th.); to copy ( هـs.th.), make a literary language; ( مَوظف كتابيmuwaẓẓaf)
copy ( هـof s.th.); to enter one’s name; to clerk, clerical worker (of a government
subscribe ( لfor); to contribute, subscribe ( office)
ل بmoney to); to be entered, be recorded,
كتيبةkatība pl. كتائبkatā’ib2 squadron;
be registered X to ask ( هs.o.) to write (هـ
cavalry detachment; (Eg. 1939) battalion,
s.th.); to dictate ( هـ هto s.o. s.th.), make (ه
(Ir. after 1922) regiment, (later) battalion,
s.o.) write ( هـs.th.); to have a copy made (
(Syr.) battalion of armored, cavalry, or
هby s.o.)
motorized, unite (mil.); (piece of) writing,
كتابkitāb pl. كتبkutub piece of record, paper, document; written amulet
writing, record, paper; letter, note,
مَكتبmaktab pl. مَكاتبmakātib2 office;
message; document, deed; contract (esp.
bureau; business office; study; school,
marriage contract); book; الكتابthe Koran;
elementary school; department, agency,
office; desk │ مَكتب الخبارand مَكتب النباء to cross, fold ( هـhands, arms behind the
news agency, press agency, wire service; back or in front of the chest) V and X to
مَكتب البريدpost office; مَكتب البريد الرئيسي cross or fold one’s arms VI to stand
(ra’īsī) main post office; مَكتب البرقm. al- shoulder to shoulder; to support one
barq telegraph office; مَكتب التحريرeditorial another; to be united in solidarity, stand
room; مَكتب التليفوناتtelephone central together
office; مَكتب السفرياتm. as-safarīyāt (syr.) كتفkatif, katf, kitf pl. اكتافaktāf, كتفة
travel agency; مَكتب الصحةm. aṣ-ṣiḥḥa kitafa shoulder; shoulder blade, scapula;
board of health; مَكتب الَستعلمَات mountain slope; O end support of a
information office, information desk; bridge; (pl. اكتافaktāf) buttress, pier │ مَا
news agency, press agency, wire service ( هكذا تؤكل الكتفtu’kalu) that’s certainly not
مَكتبةmaktaba pl. -āt, مَكاتبmakātib2 the way to do it! that’s no way to handle
library; bookstore; desk it!
O مَكتابmiktāb typewriter كتافkitāf pl. كتفkutuf shackle,
manacle, handcuff
مَكاتبةmukātaba exchange of letters,
correspondence كتفaktaf2, f. كتفاءkatfā’2, pl. كتفkutf
broad-shouldered
اكتتابiktitāb enrollment, registration,
1
entering (of one’s name); -- (pl. -āt) كتكتkatkat floss, silk waste
subscription; contribution (of funds) 2
كتكوتkatkūt pl. كتاكيتkatākīt2 chicken, chick
استكتابistiktāb dictation كتلkatala u (katl) and II to agglomerate,
استكتابيistiktābī: آلة استكتابيةdictaphone conglomerate, gather into a compact mass,
press into a lump ( هـs.th.) V to be heaped
كاتبkātib pl. -ūn, كتابkuttāb, كتبة
up, piled up, agglomerated, clustered,
kataba writer; scribe, scrivener; secretary;
clotted, massed, pressed into a compact
clerk typist; office worker, clerical
mass or lump; to agglomerate, cluster,
employee; clerk, registrar, actuary, court
clot, pile up, gather in a mass; to unite in a
clerk; notary; writer, author │ كاتب الدولةk.
bloc or group
ad-daula (Mag.) (under)secretary of state;
كاتب السرk. s-sirr private secretary; كاتب كتلةkutla pl. كتلkutal lump, chunk,
( قصصيqiṣaṣī) writer, novelist; كاتب المحكمة clod, clot; bulk, mass; cube; block; bloc;
k. al-mahkama court clerk; آلة كاتبة beam, joist, transom, lintel, girder │ كتل
typewriter ( بشريةbašarīya) crowds, throngs, masses;
كتلة الجسدkutlat al-jasad bulk of the body,
كاتبةkātiba pl. -āt woman secretary;
frame; ( كتلة مَن العصابa‘ṣāb) a fearless,
authoress, writer
husky fellow; ( الكتلة الوطنيةwaṭanīya) the
مَكتوبmaktūb written, written down, National Bloc
recorded; fated, foreordained, destined (ل
مَكتلmiktal pi. مَكاتلmakatil2 large
or علىto s.o.); s.th. written, writing; -- (pl.
basket
مَكاتيبmakātīb2) a writing, message, note;
letter تكتلtakattul formation of blocs (pol.) │
سياسة التكتلpolicy of blocs (pol.)
مَكاتبmukātib correspondent;
(newspaper) reporter مَتكتلmutakattil clotted, lumpy,
agglomerate, clustered, massed;
مَكتتبmuktatib subscriber 813
concentrated, compact; burly, husky,
كتابخانةand كتبخانةsee كتب stocky, heavily built (body)
اكتعakta’ pl. كتعkut’ having crippled fingers; كتمkatama u (katm, كتمانkitmān) to hide (هـ
one-armed s.th., عنfrom s.o.); to conceal, secrete,
كتفkatafa i (katf) to fetter, shackle ( هs.o., esp. keep secret ( هـs.th., عنfrom s.o.); to
by tying his hands); to tie up, bind (هـ suppress, repress, restrain, check, curb,
s.th.) II to tie the hands behind the back; subdue ( هـanger, passion); to hold (هـ
one’s breath); to lower, muffle ( هـthe
voice); to stifle, smother, quench ( هـfire) be more ( عنthan); to happen frequently,
│ كتم انفاسهto take s.o.’s breath away, drive occur often; to increase, augment,
s.o. out of his senses II to hide, conceal (هـ multiply, grow II to increase, augment,
s.th.) III to hide, conceal, keep, withhold ( compound, multiply ( هـs.th.) III to
هـ هfrom s.o. s.th.) V to keep silent, hold outnumber, exceed in number ( ه, هـs.o.,
one’s tongue, keep mum VIII = II X to ask s.th.); to vie in quantity or number ( ه,هـ
( هs.o.) to keep ( هa secret); to confide (هـ ه with) IV to do much ( مَنin or of s.th.); to
to s.o. s.th.) give much or frequently ( مَن لto s.o. of
s.th.); to do constantly,
كتمkatm and كتمانkitmān secrecy,
concealment, secretion, silence; restraint, always or frequently ( مَنor فيs.th.); to
control, suppression (esp. of an emotion) increase, augment ( هـs.th.) VI to band
together, form a gang, rally ( علىagainst)
كتيمkatīm shut tight, hermetically
X = IV; to regard as too much, deem
sealed, impenetrable, impermeable,
excessive, find exorbitant ( هـs.th.); to
impervious
regard as too high, as too troublesome (هـ
كتومkatūm reticent, reserved, secretive, s.th.); to think not worth the trouble (هـ
uncommunicative, taciturn, discreet s.th., علىwith regard to s.o.); to begrudge
كتامkitām (eg.) constipation ( هـ علىs.o. s.th.); to demand much, ask for
a lot │ ( استكثر بخيرهbi-kairihī) to thank s.o.
تكتمtakattum secrecy, secretiveness,
reticence, reserve, taciturnity, discretion كثرkutr large quantity, abundance,
plenty; major portion, greater part
اكتتامiktitām concealment, secretion,
secrecy, silence كثرةkatra large quantity, great number,
multitude, abundance, copiousness,
كاتمkātim: كاتم السرk. as-sirr (private) numerousness, frequency, multiplicity,
secretary plurality; majority, major portion ( مَنof) │
مَكتومmaktūm hidden, concealed, kept, بكثرةplentifully, abundantly, a lot; جمع الكثرة
preserved (secret); (eg.) constipated 814 jam‘ al-k. plural of multitude (gram.)
1
كتنkatina a (katan) to be dirty, soiled, smutty, كثيرkatīr pl. كثارkitār much, many,
blackened by soot II to smut, soil ( هـs.th.) numerous, abundant, plentiful, copious;
frequent; a large portion, a great deal, a
كتنkatan dirt, smut, soot great many, a lot; الكثيرthe most part, most
2
كتانkattān (kittān) flax; linen ( مَنof); كثيراkatīran very, much, to a large
extent; often, frequently │ كثيرا مَاkatīran
كتانيkattānī made of linen, linen (adj.)
mā often, frequently; ( بكثيرafter a
3
( كتينةIt. catena) katīna (watch) chain comparative) far, by far; الكثيرون,الكثير مَن
كثkatta i a ( كثثkatat, كثاثةkatāta, كثوثة مَنthe majority of, most of; plenty of, a
kutūta) to be thick or dense (esp. hair) great many, a lot of; كثير علىtoo much for;
الشيء الكثيرmost of it; هذا كثيرthat’s pretty
كثثkatat thickness, density strong! that’s laying it on thick! في كثير مَن
كثkatt and كثيثkatīt thick, dense, الوقاتand في احيان كثيرةfrequently, often
thick-grown, densely crowded كثيراءkatīrā’2 tragacanth (Astragalus
كثبkatab nearness, proximity, vicinity │ على gummifer Lab.; bot.); gum obtained from
كثب مَنand عن كثب مَنin the vicinity (or tragacanth
neighborhood) of, near; مَن )عن( كثبfrom اكثرaktar2 more; oftener, more
nearby, at a short distance frequently; more numerous; longer; most;
كثيبkatīb pl. اكثبةaktiba, كثبkutub, كثبا major portion, greater part, majority; الكثر
نkutbān sandhill, dune ونthe majority, most of them │ اكثر فاكثر
more and more; على الكثرat most; latest; اك
كثرkatara u (katr) to outnumber, exceed in ثر المَرaktara l-amr at best; اكثر مَن ذلك
number ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) – katura u (كثرة besides, moreover
katra) to be much, many or numerous; to
اكثريةaktarīya majority كثوليكيkatūlīkī pl. كثلكةkatlaka
Catholic; a Catholic
مَكثارmiktār very talkative, garrulous
الكثلكةal-katlaka Catholicism
تكثيرtaktīr increase, augmentation,
multiplication. propagation, ample كثيراءkatīrā’2 tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer
provision, abundant supply Lab.; bot.); gum obtained from tragacanth
اكثارiktār increase, augmentation, كحkaḥḥa u to cough
multiplication, propagation, ample كحةkuḥḥa cough
provision, abundant supply; raising,
increase (esp. of the yield) 815 كحتkaḥata a and II (eg.) to scrape off, scratch
off ( هـs.th.)
تكاثرtakātur growth, increase;
multiplication, propagation, proliferation كحكحkaḥkaḥa to cough, cough slightly, hack
مَكثرmuktir rich, well-to-do كحكحةkaḥkaḥa short, dry cough
مَتكاثرmutakātir numerous, extensive; كحلkaḥala u a (kaḥl) and II to rub, paint or
manifold, multifarious, multiple │ مَتكاثر smear (with kohl) ( هـthe eyes) V and VIII
الرقاعm. ar-riqā‘ patched in numerous to color (the edges of) the eyelids with
places kohl │ (( مَا اكتحل غماضا )غمضاgamīḍan,
gimāḍan, gumḍan) to find no sleep
كثفkatufa u ( كثافةkatāfa) to be thick or
dense; to thicken, be condensed, become كحلkuḥl pl. اكحالakḥāl antimony; kohl,
thicker or denser II to make thick or a preparation of pulverized antimony used
dense, thicken, compress, solidify, for darkening (the edges of) the eyelids;
concentrate ( هـs.th.); to inspissate, any preparation for coloring the eyelids
condense ( هـs.th.); O (el.) to increase the كحلkaḥal black coloring (of the edges)
capacity V and VI to grow denser, become of the eyelids
concentrated; to thicken, become viscous;
to be condensed كحلkaḥil darkened with kohl, dyed
black (eyelids)
كثيفkatīf pl. كثافkitāf thick; dense;
compact; heavy, coarse, crude; viscous, كحليkuḥlī dark blue, navy blue
sirupy (e.g., sauce) كحلةkuḥla (eg.) pointing, filling or
كثافةkatāfa thickness; density; grouting of the joints (of a wall; masonry)
heaviness; solidity, firmness; اكحلakḥal2, f. كحلاءkaḥlā’2, pl. كحلkuḥl
compactness, fullness, intensity; black (eye); الكحلthe medial arm vein
consistency, degree of density or
viscosity; O capacity (el.) │ كثافة السكانk. كحلاءkaḥlā’ (eg.) a variety of blueweed
as-sukkān density of population; O كثافة (Echium cericeum V.; bot.)
الصوتk. aṣ-ṣaut sonority, sound intensity كحيلkaḥīl pl. كحائلkaḥā’il2 black, dyed
تكثيفtaktīf compression, concentration, black, darkened with kohl (eyelid); horse
solidification; condensation of noblest breed
كسيمkasīm duty, rate, tax 827 كشحkašḥ pl. كشوحkušūḥ region of the
hip, haunch, flank, side, waist; Venus’s-
تكسيمtaksīm forming, shaping, shell, cowrie │ ( طوى كشح علىṭawā
fashioning, molding; O milling kašḥahū) to keep s.th. to o.s., keep s.th.
مَكسمmukassam well-shaped, shapely secret; طوى كشحه )كشحا( عنto turn from
s.o., break with s.o.; ( ولَه كشحهwallāhu) to
)كسوand كسي( كساkasā u (kasw) to turn one’s back on s.o.
clothe, dress, garb, attire ( هـs.o. with or
in); to hang, drape, face, line, case ( بor هـ كشاحةkušāḥa secret enmity, rancor,
هـs.th. with), incase ( بor هـ هـs.th. in); to grudge, resentment, hate
cover ( بor هـ هـs.th. with), put, slip ( بor كاشحkāšiḥ secret enemy
هـ هـover s.th. s.th.) │ كساه صبغة كذا
(ṣibgata) to give s.th. the appearance of ..., كشرkašara i (kašr) and II to bare one’s teeth;
make s.th. look like ...; -- كسيkasiya a (كسا to grimace; to grin, smile ( الىat s.o.); to
kasā) to be or get dressed; to dress IV to scowl, glower, bear a grim expression │
clothe, dress, garb, attire ( هـ هs.o. with or كشر عن اسنانهto bare or show one’s teeth;
in) V to be dressed, be clothed, be garbed; ( كشر عن نابه )انيابهdo.
to clothe o.s., array o.s., attire o.s. ( بwith كشرةkišra grimace
or in); to cover o.s. VIII do.; to burst into
تكشيرةtakšīra (n. vic.) flash of the teeth
leaf (tree)
هو جاري مَكاشريhuwa jārī mukāširī he is
كسوةkiswa pl. كسىkusan, kisan, كساو
my nearest neighbor
kasāwin clothing, clothes, apparel, attire,
raiment; dress, garment; suit of clothes; انكشاريlook up alphabetically
uniform; draping, lining, casing, facing, كشطkašaṭa i (kašṭ) to take off ( هـa wrapping, a
paneling, wainscoting (e.g., of walls) │ الك covering); to pull off ( هـs.th.); to erase (هـ
s.th. written); to remove ( هـs.th.); to enumeration; table, schedule, chart; list,
scratch off, scrape off ( هـs.th., بe.g., with roster, index, register, inventory; pl. كشوف
a knife so as to clean it) discoveries │ كشف طبيṭibbī) medical
examination; كشف الَقتراعmuster roll; كشف
مَكشطmikšaṭ erasing knife
الحسابbill, invoice
كشبkašafa i (kašf) to pull away,
كشفيkašfī of or pertaining to boy scouts
remove, take off, throw open, lift, raise (هـ
│ ( حركة كشفيةḥaraka) boy scout
a covering, a curtain, a veil, etc., عن
movement
from); to reveal, disclose, uncover,
expose, bare ( هـor عنs.th.); to clear up (هـ كشافkaššāf pl. كشافةkaššāfa discoverer,
or عنs.th.), shed light ( هـor عنon); to inventor; explorer, reconnoiterer, scout;
show, demonstrate ( هـor عنs.th.); to open boy scout │ O ( كشاف كهربائيkahrabā’ī)
up, lay open, lay bare ( هـor عنs.th.); to searchlight; ( مَصباح كشافmiṣbāḥ) and نور
bring to light ( هـor عنs.th.); to study, ( كشافnūr) pl. انوار كشافةdo.
scrutinize, 828 investigate, examine (عن كشافةkaššāfa exploration;
s.th.); to examine medically ( علىs.o.) │ reconnaissance, reconnoitering, scouting
كشف القناع عنto unveil, unmask s.o. or (mil.); boy scout movement, scouting
s.th.; ( كشف عليه طبياṭibbīyan) to examine
s.o. medically ; كشفت الحرب عن ساقها كشافيkišāfī of boy scouts, boy scout
(ḥarbu) the war was or become violent, (adj.)
flared up; war broke out III to discuss, كشيفkašīf uncovered, open, exposed
reveal, manifest, demonstrate, show (ب ه
to s.o. s.th.), evince ( toward s.o. s.th.); to اكتشافiktišāf uncovering, disclosure,
make known ( بor هـ هto s.o. s.th.), detection, spotting, location; (pl. -āt)
inform ( بor هـ هs.o. of) │ ( كاشفه بالعداوةbi- (scientific) discovery
l-‘adāwa) to manifest open hostility استكشافistikšāf uncovering,
toward s.o. V to be uncovered, be clarification, elucidation; discovery; close
exposed, be laid open, be bared, be observation; reconnaissance,
disclosed, be revealed, be brought to light; reconnoitering, scouting (mil.) │ طائرة
to come to light, become visible, manifest الَستكشافreconnaissance plane; الَستكشاف
itself, show; to open, be opened up ( عن ( البعيد المدىmadā) long-range
شيءso as to reveal s.th.) │ َتكشف المَر عن ل reconnaissance
( شيءamru) the matter turned out to be of
no consequence; تكشف عن مَنتهى العجز استكشافيistikšāfī explorational,
(muntahā l-‘ajz) to show o.s. utterly exploratory, of discovery, reconnaissance-,
helpless VII to be removed, be lifted, be scout- (in compounds)
raised (veil); to be uncovered, be كاشفkāšif pl. كشفةkašafa uncovering,
disclosed, be revealed, become manifest ( revealing, etc.; serving exploratory
لto s.o.) VIII to discover ( هـs.th., esp. purposes, instrumental in reconnaissance,
scientifically); to find out, detect, uncover conducive to discovery, detection or
( هـs.th.) X to seek to discover ( هـs.th.); to disclosure; examiner, investigator,
explore ( هـs.th.); to investigate ( هـs.th.), discoverer; supervisor, inspector; (Eg.)
search, inquire ( هـinto s.th.); to scout, head of a muqāṭa‘a, district chief
reconnoiter (mil.); to discover ( هـs.th., (obsolete); detector (radio); كاشفand كاشفة
scientifically); to detect, spot, seek out, reagent (chem.) │ ( ضوء كاشفḍau’) pl.
search out, find out ( هـs.th.) اضواء كاشفةand ( نور كاشفnūr) pl. انوار كاشفة
كشفkašf uncovering, disclosure; search-light; O ( زورق كاشف اللغامzauraq)
baring, exposure, unveiling; revelation, mine-locating craft, mine sweeper; كاشف
illumination (mys.); investigation, inquiry, ( بلوريballūrī, billaurī) crystal detector
search, quest, study; examination, (radio); كاشف المحيطk. al-muḥīṭ periscope;
scrutiny; inspection; boy scout movement; ( بان بالكاشفbāna) to manifest itself clearly
-- (pl. كشوفkušūf, كشوفاتkušūfāt) report, and unmistakably 829
account; statement, specification,
مَكشوفmaksūf bared, exposed, stomach)VIII to be crammed full, be jam-
uncovered, open, roofless, coverless, packed, be overcrowded ( بwith, esp.
unveiled, naked, bare; (mil.) open, with people); to sate o.s. eat one’s fill; to
undefended, devoid of military be overstuffed, be surfeited, be cloyed (ب
installations or fortifications; uncovered with); to be abundant, copious, plentiful
(com.) │ مَكشوف الرأسm. ar-ra’s, كظةkiẓẓa gorging, cloying, overstuffing
bareheaded, hatless; بالمكشوفor على (of the stomach); surfeit
المكشوفopenly, publicly, overtly, for
everyone to see كظيظkaẓīẓ overfilled, overstuffed,
cloyed, surfeited
مَكتشفmuktašif discoverer, explorer
مَكتظmuktaẓ overcrowded ( بwith, esp.
مَكتشفاتmuktašafāt (scientific) with people), crammed full, jam-packed (
discoveries بwith), chock-full ( بof)
1
كشكkušk pl. اكشاكakšāk kiosk; summer- كظرkuẓr suet
house, pavilion, cabin, log cabin; hut,
shed, shanty; (telephone) booth; stall, كظمkaẓama i (kaẓm, كظومkuẓūm) to conceal or
stand, booth (at a fair, etc.) │ كشك الَستحمام suppress ( هـone’s anger); to be mum, keep
bathhouse; beach chair; كشك الَشاراتk. al- silent
ilšārāt block station, signal box (railroad); كظيمkaẓīm filled with anger
كشك الديدبانk. ad-daidabān sentry box; O
( كشك مَحولmuḥawwil) transformer house كعبka‘aba u i ( كعوبku‘ūb) to be full and
2
round, be swelling (breasts) II to make
كشكkišk a dough made of bulgur and sour cubic, to cube ( هـs.th.); to dice ( هـs.th.)
milk, cut into small pieces, dried and need
for the preparation of other dishes (so in كعبka‘b pl. كعابki‘āb, كعوبku‘ūb
Egypt; there are several other ways of knot, knob, node (of cane); joint,
preparing it) │ (eg.) كشك المازkišk almāz articulation; ankle, anklebone; heel (of the
asparagus fact, of a shoe); ferrule; die; cube; high
rank, fame, glory, honor │ ( كعب الكتابpl.
كشكشkaškaša to rustle; to flee, run away; (eg.) )كعوبspine of a book; ارقى كعباarqā
to pleat ka‘ban abler, more capable, more
كشكشkaškaš pl. كشاكشkašākiš2 seam; qualified, more efficient; رجل عالي الكعب
hem, edge, border rajul ‘ālī l-k. a distinguished, capable,
successful man; ‘ علو الكعبulūw al-k. high
رواية كشكشيةriwāya kaškašīya rank, outstanding position; ذهب كعبهمtheir
burlesque, popular comedy days of glory are past 830
كشكولkaškūl beggar’s bag; scrapbook; album كعبku‘b breasts, bosom
كشمشkišmiš a kind of currants كعبةka‘ba pl. ka‘abāt cube, cubic
2
كشميرkašmīr Kashmir (region in NE India); structure; الكعبةthe Kaaba (in Mecca);
kašmīr cashmere (a soft, twilled woolen (fig.) shrine; object of veneration, focus of
fabric) interest
كشنىkušnā lentil tare, slender vetch (bot.) كعبيka‘bī cubic
□ ( كضfor )كظV to be replete, overfull, كعبةku‘ba virginity
overloaded, overburdened VIII to be كعابka‘āb having swelling breasts,
overfilled, be replete ( بwith s.th.), be buxom (girl)
chock-full
ابو كعيبabū ku‘aib (eg.) mumps (med.)
تكضكضtakaḍkūḍ overexertion,
overstrain, overburdening تكعيبtak‘īb cubing, dicing; raising to
the third power, cubing
كظkaẓẓa u (kaẓẓ) to fill, overfill ( هـs.th.); to
burden, weight, encumber ( هـs.th.); to تكعيبةtak‘ība trellis, espalier
overstuff, surfeit, cloy ( هـthe تكعيبيtak‘ībī cubic
كاعبkā‘ib pl. كواعبkawā‘ib2 well- (jadmā’) star α in the constellation Cetus;
developed, full and round, swelling الكف الخضيبstar β in Cassiopeia; كف السد
(bosom); having swelling breasts, buxom k. al-asad lion’s-leaf (bot.); وضع حياته على
(girl); كواعبbuxom girls ( كفهḥayātahū) to risk one’s life; استدر الكف
istadarra l-akuffa to secure generous
مَكعبmuka‘‘ab cube-shaped, cubiform,
contributions
cubic; (pl. -āt) cube │ ( قدم مَكعبqadam)
cubic foot; ( مَتر مَكعبmitr) cubic meter كفةkiffa, kaffa pl. كففkifaf, كفافkifāf
palm of the hand; scale (of a balance)
كعبرةku‘bura and كعبورةku‘būra pl. كعابر
ka‘ābir2 knotty excrescence, knot, knob, كفةkaffa: كفة بارودk. bārūd (eg.)
node; كعبرةradius (anat.) │ عظم الكعبرة cartridge pouch
‘aẓm al-k. radius (anat.) كفةkuffa pl. كففkufaf edge, seam, hem,
مَكعبرmuka‘bar knotty, knobbed, border
gnarled كفافkafāf sufficiency, sufficient means
كعبلka‘bala (eg.) to trip up ( هs.o.); to make (ه for a living
s.o.) stumble كفافkifāf border, edge, fringe, seam,
كعكka‘k (coll.; n. un. )ةcake; designation of hem 831
various kinds of pastry, also of small كفافةkifāfa hemming; hem
baked goods; pretzel (syr.)
كفيفkafīf blind │ كفيف البصرk. al-baṣar
كعمka‘ama a (ka‘m) to muzzle ( هـa camel); to blind
gag ( هs.o.); to cap, seal ( هـa vessel)
كافةkāffa totality, entirety; (with foll.
كغمabbreviation of كيلوغرامkīlogrām kilogram genit.) all; the people, the masses, the
كفkaffa u (kaff) to border, edge, hem ( هـa populace; kāffatan all without exception,
garment); to desist, refrain ( عنfrom), one and all; altogether, in the aggregate,
cease, forbear ( عنdoing s.th.), give up, collectively
stop ( عنs.th.); to renounce, waive, forgo ( مَكفوفmakfūf pl. مَكافيفmakāfīf blind
عنs.th.), abstain ( عنfrom); to hold back,
restrain ( عن هs.o. from); to hinder, prevent كفأkafa’a a (kaf’) to turn around, turn over,
( عن هs.o. from); to avert ( عنs.th.); to reverse, invert ( هـs.th.); to turn away, turn
check, curb, restrict ( مَنs.th.) │ كف بصره aside, turn back ( مَنfrom) III to reward (ه
kaffa (and pass. kuffa) baṣaruhū to s.o.); to requite,
become blind II to hem ( هـa garment) V to
beg VII to desist, refrain, abstain (عن
from) X to hold out the hand with an
imploring gesture, beg, practice begging;
to shade one’s eyes with the hand; to coil
(snake); to surround ( لor حولs.o., s.th.),
flock around s.o. or s.th. ( حول,)ل
كفkaff desistance, refraining (عن
from); abstaining, abstention ( مَنfrom);
cessation, suspension, stop, stoppage,
discontinuation ( عنof s.th.); -- kaff f., pl.
كفوفkufūf, اكفakuff palm of the hand;
glove; paw, foot, claw (of an animal);
slap; scale (of a balance); handful; quire;
bar (of chocolate) │ كف مَريمk. mayam
(eg.) agnus castus, chaste tree (Vitex
agnus-castus; bot.); rose of Jericho,
resurrection plant (Anastatica
hierochuntica L.; bot.); الكف الجذمَاء
كفاءةkafā’a equality; adequacy,
adequateness; comparableness; fitness,
suitability, appropriateness; competence,
efficiency, ability, capability; pl. كفاءات
qualifications, abilities, capabilities
مَكافأةmukāfa’a pl. -āt requital;
recompense, remuneration; compensation,
indemnification, indemnity; reward;
stipend
تكافؤtakāfu’ mutual correspondence,
equivalence; homogeneity, sameness
انكفاءinkifā’ retreat, withdrawal
مَكافئmukāfi’ equal, (a)like, of the same
kind, homogeneous, corresponding,
commensurate, equivalent
مَتكافئmutakāfi’ alike, (mutually)
corresponding, commensurate, equivalent,
equal
كفتkafata i (kaft) to restrain, detain, turn
away, prevent, hold back ( مَن هs.o. from) II
to plate ( ب هـs.th. with); to inlay ( هـs.th.)
كفتkift cooking pot
return, repay,
كفتةkufta meat balls, hamburgers,
recompense ( ب هـs.th. with); to oblong or round │ ( سمك كفتةsamak) fried
compensate, make up ( ب هـfor s.th. with); fish cakes; كفتة بطاطسpotato dumplings
to be similar, equal ( هـto s.th.), equal (هـ stuffed with meat
s.th.), be commensurate ( هـwith); to
measure up, come up ( هـto s.th.), compare كفيتtakfīt inlaid work, inlay; plating,
favorably ( هـwith) IV to turn over, platework
reverse, invert ( هـs.th.) VI to be equal, be مَكفتmukaffat inlaid; coated, overlaid,
on a par; to (counter)balance each other, plated
be perfectly matched VII to be turned
كفحkafḥ a (kafḥ) to face frankly, confront,
away, be turned aside; to be changed, be
encounter or meet face to face ( هs.o.) III =
altered; to recede, change, fade (color); to
I; to combat ( هs.o., هـs.th.), fight, battle,
turn back, withdraw, retreat, fall back,
struggle, contend ( هagainst); to defend (عن
give way; to be inverted, be reversed, be
s.th.), fight ( عنfor) │ ( كافح امَورهumūrahū)
turned around or over; to fall down.
to manage one’s affairs personally
tumble, topple
كفاحkifāḥ and مَكافحةmukāfaḥa
كفءkaf’, kif’, kuf’ pl. اكفاءakfā’, كفاء
opposition, fight, battle, struggle (with
kifā’ equal, alike; adequate, appropriate,
genit.: against); contention, strife
suitable, fit ( لfor); equal ( لto s.o.), a
1
match ( لfor); qualified, capable, able, كفرkafara i (kafr) to cover, hide ( هـs.th.); --
competent, efficient (kufr, كفرانkufrān, كفورkufūr) to be
irreligious, be an infidel, not to believe (
كفوءkufū’, كفؤkufu’ equal, comparable (
بالin God); كفر بالalso: to blaspheme
لto), a match ( لfor)
God, curse, swear; to 632 renege one’s
كفاءkifā’ an equivalent faith. become an infidel; to be ungrateful (
كفاءkafā’ equality; adequacy, بor هـfor a benefit) II to cover, hide (هـ
adequateness s.th.); to expiate ( عنs.th.); to do penance,
atone, make amends ( ب عنfor s.th. by or
with); to grant remission ( هـ عنto s.o. of sponsor or bail ( هs.o.), make ( هs.o.) go
his sins); to forgive ( عنor ل هـs.th. to bail V to be security, go bail, vouch, be or
s.o.), grant pardon ( عنor ل هـfor s.th. to become responsible, answerable or liable (
s.o.); to make ( هs.o.) an infidel, seduce (ه ب لto s.o. for), be sponsor ( ب لof s.o. for
s.o.), o unbelief; to accuse of infidelity, s.th.), guarantee ( ب لto s.o. s.th.); to
charge with unbelief ( هs.o.) IV to make (ه obligate o.s. pledge o.s. ( ب لto s.o. to do
s.o.) an infidel; to call ( هs.o.) an infidel, s.th.); to undertake, take upon o.s. ( بs.th.)
accuse ( هs.o.) of infidelity VI to vouch for each other, guarantee each
other
كفرkafr pl. كفورkufūr small village,
hamlet كفلkafl guaranty, warranty
كفرkufr and كفرانkufrān unbelief, كفلkafal pl. اكفالakfāl, كفولkufūl rump,
infidelity │ كفر بالgodlessness, atheism; buttocks; croup of a horse
blasphemy, profanity; ( كفران بالنعمةni’ma) كفالةkafāla bail, guaranty, security,
ingratitude, ungratefulness sponsorship; pledge, deposit, surety,
كفارkaffār infidel, unbeliever collateral │ ( كفالة مَاليةmālīya) surety,
security; bail; caution money; كفالة بالنفس
كفارةkaffāra penance, atonement (عن
(nafs) bail (esp. for due appearance of a
for a sin), expiation ( عنof); reparation,
person in court; Isl. Law); في كفالة فلن
amends; expiatory gifts, expiations
under the protection or tutelage of s.o., in
(distributed to the poor at a funeral)
s.o.’s custody
تكفيرtakfīr expiation ( عنof),
كفيلkafīl pl. كفلاءkufalā’2 responsible,
atonement, penance ( عنfor a sin);
liable, answerable; bail, bailsman,
seduction to infidelity; charge of unbelief
security, surety, sponsor, bondsman;
كافرkāfir pl. –ūn, كفارkuffār, كفرة guarantor ( بof s.th.); vouching ( بfor
kafara, كفارkifār irreligious, unbelieving; s.th.), guaranteeing ( بs.th.); protector;
unbeliever, infidel, atheist; ungrateful │ كا legal guardian │ ( كفيل بالنفسnafs) bail,
( فر بالنعمةni’ma) ungrateful bailsman (esp. one guaranteeing the due
2
كافورlook up alphabetically appearance of a person in court; Isl. Law)
833
كفسkafisa a (kafas) to be bandy-legged VII
do. تكافلtakāful mutual or joint
responsibility; solidarity; mutual
اكفسakfas2, f. كفساءkafsā’2, pl. كفسkufs agreement
bandy-legged
كافلkāfil pl. كفلkufal breadwinner,
كفكفkafkafa to hold back ( هـtears) supporter, provider; bail, bailsman,
كفلkafala u (kafl, كفالةkafāla) to feed, support security, surety, sponsor, bondsman;
( هs.o.), provide ( هfor s.o.; ‘ عائلةā’ilatan protector; legal guardian
for a family); -- kafala u i, kafila a and ( مَكفول )بهmakfūl (bihī) guaranteed;
kafula u (kafl, كفولkufūl, كفالةkafāla) to covered, backed (banknotes in circulation)
vouch, answer, go bail, be guaranty, be or
stand sponsor, be responsible, liable, كفنkafana i (kafn) to cover with a winding
answerable ( بfor); to guarantee, sponsor sheet, to shroud, dress for the grave ( هـthe
( هs.o.); to be legal guardian ( هof s.o.); to deceased) II do.; to wrap ( ب هـs.th. in),
secure; to warrant, ensure ( هـs.th.); to cover ( ب هـs.th. with)
guarantee ( ل هـs.th. to s.o.); O to cover, كفنkafn saltless
back (currency with gold) II to feed,
كفنkafan pl. اكفانakfān shroud,
support ( هs. o.), provide ( هfor); to admit
winding sheet
as security sponsor or bail ( هs.o.); to name
sponsor, ask to be security or to go bail, كفهرIV kafhara ( اكفهرارikfihrār) to be dark,
appoint security or bail ( هs.o.) III to grow dark, darken, be or become gloomy
conclude an agreement, make a contract (ه
with s.o.) IV to appoint as security,
اكفهرارikfihrār darkness, dark; dusk, blunt (sword) │ لَ يكلindefatigable,
gloom, gloominess untiring II to crown ( هs.o., also fig. هـ
s.th.); (Chr.) to perform the marriage
مَكفهرmukfahirr dim, dusky, gloomy;
ceremony
clouded, overcast; grave, sullen,
melancholy (priest); to become dull, obtuse,
expressionless (face); to become blunt
كفىkafā i ( كفايةkifāya) to be enough, sufficient
(sword) │ كلل بالنجاحkullila bi-l-najāḥ to
( هfor s.o.), suffice ( هs.o.); to meet all
be crowned by success IV to make languid
requirements; to protect ( ه هs.o. from s.o.,
or tired, to weary, tire, fatigue, exhaust,
هـ هs.o. from s.th.); to save, spare ( هـ هs.o.
wear out, harass, torment ( هs.o.); to dim (
a trouble) │ وكفىwa-kafā and that’s all!
هـthe glance) V to be crowned; to wear a
enough of that! that’s enough! كفى الل عنك
crown; (Chr.) to be married
may God give satisfaction in your stead,
or, may God make up for your كلkall weariness, tiredness, fatigue,
shortcoming (said to s.o. making a exhaustion; dimness, dullness; dull, dim,
mistake, or showing himself inadequate); feeble (glance, mind) 834
( كفى بالله وكيلwakīlan) God is the best كلةkilla pl. -āt, كللkilal thin veil, drape,
protector; ( كفى حزنا انḥazanan) it is sad curtain; mosquito net
enough that ...; ( كفاه مَؤنة كذاmu’nata) to
save s.o. the trouble of ... III to be كللkalal, كللkalāl and كللةkalāla
sufficient, enough ( هfor s.o.), suffice (ه weariness, tiredness, fatigue, exhaustion;
s.o.); to requite, repay, recompense, dimness, dullness
reward ( ب هs.o. with) VIII to be content, كليلkalīl exhausted, tired, weary, faint,
content o.s. ( بwith s.th.) languid; weak, feeble; dull, blunt
كفايةkifāya sufficient amount, degree, اكليلiklīl pl. اكاليلakālīl2, اكلةakilla
extent, etc., sufficiency; that which crown; diadem; chaplet, wreath, garland,
suffices for performing a duty, a task, etc.; festoon; tonsure (Chr.); wedding,
capability, capacity, ability, qualification; marriage ceremony (Chr.); umbel (bot.) │
appropriateness, suitability, fitness; اكليل الجبلi. al-jabal rosemary (bot.); اكليل
competence, efficiency, skill │ بالكفاية الشوكi. aš-šauk crown of thorns; اكليل الملك
sufficiently, enough; كفاية القتالfighting i. al-malik yellow sweet clover, melilot
power; ‘ عدم الكفاية الجنسيةadam al-k. al- (Melilotus officinalis L.; bot.)
jinsīya sexual impotence; في هذا كفاية
enough of that, that’s enough تكليلtaklīl coronation, crowning
كفيkafīy sufficient, enough كالkāll tired, fatigued, faint, languid
مَكافاةmukāfāh reward; gratification مَكللmukallal adorned with a wreath,
crowned; married (Chr.)
اكتفاءiktifā’ contentedness, contentment 3
كلkull totality, entirety; everyone, each one,
كافkāfin pl. كفاةkufāh sufficient, anyone; (with foil. def. noun) whole,
enough, adequate; appropriate, suitable, entire, all; (with fall. indef. noun) every; ال
suited, fit; capable, able, qualified, skilled, كلthe whole. all, everything │ بالكلon the
skillful, competent, efficient whole, in the aggregate, taken altogether,
مَكتفmuktafin contented, content in bulk; الكل بالكلeverything, all-
1 embracing, all-comprehensive, all-
كلkilā, f. كلتاkiltā; كليkilai, f. كلتيkiltai (with powerful; ( كل مَن فلن وفلن وفلنkullun
dependent genit. or suffix) both (of); see min) A as well as B as well as C; على كل
also alphabetically ‘alā kullin in any case, at any rate; كله
2
كلkalla i (kall, كلةkilla, كللkalāl, ; كللة kulluhū he entirely, all of him, it entirely,
kalāla, كلولkulūl, كلولةkulūla) to be or all of it; كل ذلكkullu dālika all that; كل البيت
become tired, fatigued, weary, exhausted, kullu l-baiti or البيت كلهal-b. kulluhū the
weak; to be dim, dull, languid, whole house; كل الرجالor الرجال كلهمall
expreosionless, (glance, eyes); to become men; ( الحقيقة كل الحقيقةkullu l-ḥ.) the whole
truth, nothing but the truth; السر كل السر كلاسكيkilāsikī classic(a1)
(sirr) a very great secret; الخير كل الخير كلاكسkalāks pl. -āt horn of an automobile
(kair) true or complete happiness; كل رجل
kullu rajulin every man; كل شيءk. šai’in كلبkaliba a (kalab) to be seized by
every thing, everything, all; كل احدk. hydrophobia; to become mad, crazy; to
aḥadin and كل واحدk. wāḥidin every covet greedily ( علىs.th.) VI to rage, rave,
(single) one, each one; كل مَنkullu man storm; to fan, pounce, rush in ( علىupon),
everyone who, whoever, whosoever; كل مَا assail ( علىs.o.); to assail each other, rush
kullu mā all that …, whatever, against each other X to be raging, raving,
whatsoever; كل مَا في المَر انk. mā fī l-amri rabid, furious, mad, frenzied, possessed
anna there is no more to it than ..., it’s كلبIcalb pl. كلابkilāb dog │ الكلب الكبر
nothing but ...; كل وقتkulla waqtin at any the constellation Canis Major with its
time, always; في كل سبعة ايامfī kulli sab‘ati main star Sirius; الكلب الصغرthe
ayyāmin in each seven days, every seven constellation Canis Minor with its main
days; لكل الفli-kulli alfin per (one) star Procyon; كلب البحرk. al-baḥr shark;
thousand كلب الماءotter; beaver
كلماkullamā whenever; the more ..., in كلبةkalba pl. -āt bitch
the same measure as … │ كلما – كلماthe
more -- the more كلبيkalbī canine (adj.)
كليkullī total, entire, all-round, overall, كلبkalab rabies, hydrophobia; burning
sweeping, comprehensive, complete; thirst; greed ( علىfor)
absolute, universal كلبkalib affected with rabies, rabid;
كليةkullīya totality, entirety; integrity, mad; greedy
wholeness, entireness, completeness; (pl. كلابkullāb and كلوبkallūb pl. كلاليب
-āt) faculty, school (of a university); kalālīb2 hook; cramp
college; institute of higher learning,
academy, secondary school; كلياتthe كلابةkullāba pl. -āt (pair of) pincers,
complete works (of an author); الكلياتthe tongs
five logical predicates or general كليبkalīb pl. كلبىkalbā affected with
conceptions (philos.); kullīyatan wholly, rabies, rabid, raging
entirely, totally, absolutely │ بالكليةon the
تكالبtakālub fierce struggle, dogfight,
whole, in the aggregate, altogether; -- َل
free-for-all, melee, brawl; avidity, greed
بالكليةnot at all, absolutely not; بكليتهin its
entire being, completely, totally, entirely, مَكلوبmaklūb rabid, frenzied, crazed,
wholly; كلية التجارةcommercial college; كلية possessed
( حربيةḥarbīya) military academy كلبشkalabš manacles, handcuffs
4
كلةkulla pl. كللkulal bullet; cannon ball; shell, كلتkalata i to pour, pour out ( هـs.th.)
grenade; a marble
كلحkalaḥa a ( كلاحkulāḥ, كلوحkulūḥ) to frown,
كلاkallā not at all, on the contrary; by no scowl, look gloomy IV and V do.
means! certainly not! never! no! (see also
1
( كل │ كلا ثم كلاtumma) a thousand times كلحةkalaḥa zone around the mouth,
no! not at all! mien, facial expression
كلأkala’a a ( كلءkal’, كلاءkilā’, كلاءةkilā’a) to كالحkāliḥ grave, austere, somber,
guard, preserve, watch, protect ( هs.o.) VIII gloomy; fallow, livid, dull grey; turned
to find no sleep (eye) colorless, faded
كلأkala’ pl. اكلاءaklā’ grass, herbage, كلخkalk giant fennel (Ferula communis L.;
pasture Ferula sinaica B.; bos.); -- (eg.) kalak
ammoniac
كلوءkalū’: كلوء العينk. al-‘ain sleepless,
awake 835 الكلدانal-kaldān the Chaldeans
كلدانيkaldānī Chaldean (adj. and n.); كلفkalaf (coll.; n. un. )ةfreckles │ كلف
astrologer الشمسk. aš-šams sunspots
1
كلسII to plaster with lime, whitewash (هـ كلفkalif very much in love ( بwith),
s.th.); to calcine, calcify ( هـs.th.) very attached ( بto), very fond ( بof)
كلسkils lime كلفةkulfa pl. كلفkulaf discomfort;
trouble, inconvenience; nuisance;
كلسيkilsī calcic, limy, lime- (in
ceremonial, ceremony, formality,
compounds) │ حجارة كلسيةlimestone
ceremoniousness, affectedness of
كلاسةkallāsa limekiln behavior, affectation, mannerism, pose;
مَكلسmukallas calcified costs, expenses, expenditure, outlay;
2
trimmings, fittings, accessories, notions,
( كلسةIt. calza) kalsa pl. -āt stocking ornaments (buttons, buckles, clasps,
كواليسsee كوليس braiding, lace, etc.); lady’s maid │ الكلف
( الشمسيةšamsīya) the sunspots
( كلسونFr. caleçon) kalsūn pl. -āt (pair of
men’s) drawers كلافkallāf stable hand, hostler, groom
( كلسيطةIt. calzeta) kalsīṭa pl. كلاسطkalāsiṭ2 كلافيkallāfī hirer of donkeys
stocking اكلفaklaf2, f. كلفاءkalfā’2, pl. كلفkulf
كلسيومkalsiyōm calcium brownish red, russet; freckled; spotted
كلفkalifa a (kalaf) to become brownish red تكليفtaklīf pl. تكاليفtakālīf2 burdening,
(face); to become freckled, be covered bothering, troubling, inconveniencing;
with freckles; to like ( بs.th.), be intent, commissioning, charging, authorization;
bent, set. keen ( بon), be very attached (ب commandment (of God); burden,
to s.o. or s.th.), be very fond ( بof s.o. or annoyance, nuisance, bother; trouble,
s.th.); to be in love, fall in love ( بwith inconvenience, discomfort; fuss, ado;
s.o.) II to commission, charge, entrust (ه formality, ceremonial of courtesy,
s.o., بor هـwith), assign ( بor هـ هto s.o. ceremony; expenses, expenditure, outlay,
a task, a job); to cost ( هـ هs.o. a certain costs, charges, overhead; prime cost;
amount) │ ( كلف خاطرهkāṭirahū) (eg.) to taxes, imposts, duties; taxation,
take the trouble, go to the trouble, bother; encumbrance with a tax; legal capacity
to put s.o. to the trouble, bother s.o.; كلفه (Isl. Law) │ بل تكليفinformal(ly),
( شططاšaṭaṭan) to overtask s.o., expect or unceremonious(ly), without (standing on)
demand too much of s.o.; ( مَشقة... or مَؤونة ceremony; كشف التكليفkašf at-t. terrier; تكالي
...) 836 ... ‘( كلف نفسه عناءanā’a, ma‘ūnata, ف المعيشةt. al-ma‘īša cost of living
mašaqqata) to take the trouble to ..., to تكلفtakalluf constraint, unnaturalness
bother to ..., go to the trouble of …; كلفه ثمنا of manner; mannerism, airs, affectation,
( باهظاtamanan) to cost s.o. dearly; مَهما كلفه affected behavior; studied, unnatural
( المَرmahmā, amr) whatever it may cost manner; dissimulation, hypocrisy
him, at any cost V to burden o.s., be
burdened ( هـor بwith s.th.); to take upon مَكلفmukallaf commissioned,
o.s. ( هـa job, a task, coats, an office, etc.); authorized, charged ( بwith); obligated,
to take over, defray, have to bear ( هـs.th., under obligation, liable ( بto do s.th.),
e.g., expenses); to do reluctantly or responsible ( بfor); bound, obliged ( بto
unwillingly, do in a studied or affected do s.th.); subject to taxation, taxable;
manner, simulate, feign, affect ( هـs.th.); to taxpayer; obligated to observe the
force o.s. ( هـto do s.th.). do s.th. ( )هـwith precepts of religion (Isl. Law); legally
difficulty, e.g., ( تكلف الضحكḍaḥk) to force capable, sane in mind, compos mentis (Isl.
a laugh; to be affected, mannered, Law) │ مَكلف بالشؤونchargé d’affaires,
unnatural, stiff, formal, ceremonious, diplomatic envoy
punctilious, stand on ceremony; to employ مَكلفةmukallafa pl. -āt (eg.) terrier
( هـe.g., care), spend ( على هـan amount
for); to cost ( علىs.o., هـso-and-so much)
مَتكلفmutakallaf formal, ceremonial, password, watchword, parole; الكلمات العشر
ceremonious; affected, studied, forced, (‘ašr) the ten Commandments; كلمة تمهيدية
outward., sham, false, artificial │ ضحكة (tamhīdīya) preface; كلمة السرk. as-sirr,
( مَتكلفةḍahka) forced laugh (ir.) كلم السرkalim as-sirr parole, watch-
word, countersign
كلكkalak pl. -āt (ir.) raft of inflated skins
كلمkalām talking, speaking; speech;
كلكتاkalkattā Calcutta (city in NE India)
language, mode of expression, style; talk,
كلاكيعkalākī‘2: كلاكيع العظامk. al-‘iẓām bone conversation, discussion; debate, dispute,
fragments controversy; words, word, saying,
كلكلkalkala and II takalkala to become callous utterance, statement, remark; aphorism,
(skin) maxim, phrase, idiom, figure of speech;
(gram.) sentence, clause │ بالكلمorally,
كلكلkalkal pl. كلاكلkalākil2 chest, verbally; ( فتح فمه بالكلمfamahū) to open
thorax │ تحت كلكله, تحت كلاكلهunder the 837 one’s mouth in order to say s.th., prepare
oppressive burden of s.th.; بكلكلهto oppress to say s.th.; كلم فارغidle talk, prattle,
s.o. gravely, weigh heavily upon s.o. poppycock, bosh, nonsense; طريق الكلم
كلكلةkalkala callosity, callus manner of speaking, diction; ‘ علم الكلمilm
al-k. scholastic theology (Isl.); كثير الكلم
مَكلكلmukalkal callous (skin) talkative, loquacious, garrulous; لغة الكلم
كلمII to address ( هs.o.), speak, talk ( هto or with lugat al-k. colloquial language, everyday
s.o.) III to speak, talk, converse ( هwith speech
s.o.) V to speak, talk ( مَعwith or to s.o., عن كلمَيkalāmī of or pertaining to speech
or علىabout, of); to utter, express, voice, or words, speech-, word- (in oompounds),
say ( بor هـs.th.) verbal; spoken, oral; scholastic,
كلمkalm pl. كلومkulūm, كلمkilām theological │ ( مَشادة كلمَيةmašādda) battle
wound, cut, slash of words, dispute, altercation
كلمةkalima pl. -āt (coll. كلمkalim) word; كليمkalīm pl. كلمىkalmā wounded,
speech, address; utterance, remark, injured; sore; -- (pl. كلماءkulamā’) person
saying; aphorism, maxim; brief addressed; speaker, spokesman,
announcement, a few (introductory) mouthpiece │ كليم اepithet of Moses
words; short treatise; importance, weight, كليمsee also alphabetically
influence, authority, ascendancy, powerful
position │ كلمة فكلمةkalimatan fa- كلمانيkalmānī, kalamānī, killimānī
kalimatan word by word, literally; بكلمة eloquent; fluent speaker
( اخرىukra) in other words; القى كلمةalqā تكلامtiklām, tikillām and تكلامَةtiklāma,
kalimatan to make a speech, give a public tikillāma eloquent; good talker,
address; لي كلمة مَعكI’ve got to talk to you; conversationalist; talkative, loquacious,
( جمعوا كلمتهم علىjama’ū kalimatahum) they garulous
decided unanimously to ..., they were
unanimous about ...; اجتمعت كلمتهمijtama’at مَكالمةmukālama talk, conversation,
kalimatuhum they united, joined forces, discussion │ مَكالمة تليفونيةtelephone
came to an agreement; اجتمعت كلمتهم على conversation
they were agreed that ...; توحيد الكلمةor جمع تكلمtakallum speaking; talk,
الكلمةjam’ al-k. union, joining of forces, conversation; speech
unanimity; اتحاد الكلمةittiḥād al-k. concord,
مَتكلمmutakallim speaking (act. part.);
agreement, harmony; تقسيم الكلمةdissension,
speaker, spokesman; first person (gram.);
variance, disunion; ( اعلى كلمتهa’lā) to raise
Muslim theologian, scholastic 838
the prestige of s.o.; ‘ علو الكلمةulūw al-k.
and ‘( الكلمة العلياulyā) supremacy, كلماkullamā see 2كل
hegemony; قال كلمتهhe said what he had to كالونlook up alphabetically
say, he had his say; كلمة اthe word of
God, the Holy Scriptures; O كلمة المرور
كليةkulya and كلوةkulwa pl. كلىkulan, □ كلوى ( كمبEngl.) kamb camp
kalāwī kidney ( كمبيالةIt. cambiale) kambiyāla pl. -āt bill of
كلويkulwī of or pertaining to the exchange, draft
kidneys, renal, nephric, nephritic, nephro- كمبريتkambarīt batiste, cambric
(in compounds) │ التهاب كلويinflammation
of the kidneys, nephritis; ( مَغص كلويmagṣ) ( كمبيوIt. cambio) kambiyō exchange, money
renal colic exchange; rate of exchange
كليشيهkilīšēh pl. -āt cliché كمتkamata u (kamt) to suppress ( هـone’s
anger)
كليمkilīm pl. اكلمةaklima kilim, carpet, rug
(usually long and narrow) كميتkumait (m. and f.) reddish-brown,
1 chestnut, bay, maroon
كمkam (interrogative and exclamatory particle
with foll. noun in acc.) how much? how كمثرىkummatrā (coll.; n. un. كمثراةkummatrāh
many! how much! │ ( كم ولد لكwaladan) pl. كمثرياتkummatrayāt) pear
how many sons do you have? كم مَرة كمحkamaḥa a (kamḥ) to pull up, rein in ( هـan
(marratan) or كم مَن مَرةhow many times? animal) IV do.
how often? how often! ( كم بالحريḥarīy) 1
how much more ...! how much rather ...! كمخkamaka a (kamk) with بانفهbi-anfihī to
بكمfor how much? how much (is it)? turn up one’s nose, be haughty IV = I
2
كمkamm amount, quantity │ نظرية الكم كماخkumāk pride, haughtiness,
naẓariyat al-k. quantum theory (phys.) overweening, self-conceit
2
كميkammī quantitative كامَخkāmak, kāmik pl. كوامَخkawāmik2 vinegar
sauce, pickle; (mixed) pickles
كميةkammīya pl. -āt amount, quantity, 3
magnitude كمخاkamkā silk fabric, damask
3
كمkamma u (kamm) to cover, cover up, كمدkamida a (kamd) to be sad, grieved,
conceal, hide, cloak ( هـs.th.); to plug up, distressed, heartsick; to be smutty,
stop up ( هـs.th.); to muzzle ( هـs.o.) │ كم swarthy, dull, flat (color); to fade, lose
( فمهfamahū) to stop s.o.’s mouth, silence color, become discolored II to apply a hot
s.o. II to muzzle ( هـs.o.); to muffle s.o.’s ( compress, a hot pack ( هـto a limb) IV to
)هmouth; O to spike ( هـa cannon); to sadden, grieve, worry, make heartsick (ه
provide with sleeves ( هـa garment) IV to s.o.) X to become smutty, swarthy, dull,
provide with sleeves ( هـa garment) flat; to darken, become dark (color) 839
كمkumm pl. اكمامakmām, كممةkimama كمدkamd, kamad and كمدةkumda dull,
sleeve swarthy color; dullness, duskiness,
swarthiness; sadness, grief
كمkimm pl. اكمامakmām, اكمةakimma,
كمامkimām, اكامَيمakāmīm2 calyx (bot.); كمدkamid and كميدkamld aad, grieved.
perianth (bot.) worried. heartaick; gloomy. dark
كمامkimām muzzle كمدkimād and كمادةkimāda compress,
كمامَةkimāma pl. -āt, كمائمkamā’im 2 pack
muzzle; cloth for muffling the mouth; اكمدakmad2 dark-colored, blackish,
mask; O gas mask; perianth, calyx swarthy
كمءkam’ pl. اكمؤakmu’ truffle; mushroom تكميدtakmīd application of hot
كمأةkam’a (pl.) truffles compresses, fomentation
كماka-mā see كka كامَدkāmid sad, grieved, worried,
heartsick; gloomy, dark; swarthy, dark-
كمانkamān violin, fiddle colored
كمانجيkamānjī player of a ( كمنجةq.v.) مَكمدmukammad and مَكمدةmukammada
pl. -āt compress, pack
1
كمرkamar pl. اكمارakmār belt s.th.) VI and VIII to be perfect,
consummate, integral, be or become
كمرةkamara pl. -āt beam, girder,
complete, finished, done, accomplished,
specif., iron girder; arm, jib │ كمرة حمالة
concluded; to reach completion,
(ḥammāla) and كمرة تحميل قضبان الونش
fulfillment or perfection, to mature, ripen;
(quḍbān al-winš) beam, bridge (of a
to be perfected X to complete ( هـs.th.); to
traveling crane)
perfect ( هـs.th.); to round out,
2
مَكمورmakmūr (eg.) dish of chopped meat and complement, supplement (. s.th.); to carry
vegetables out, meet, fulfill ( هـs.th., e.g., conditions)
( كمركsyr.) gumrug pl. كماركgamārig2 كمالkamāl pl. -āt perfection;
customs; customhouse completeness; completion, consummation,
كمركيgumrugī customs-, tariff- (in conclusion, termination, windup; maturity,
compounds) ripeness │ بكمالهin its full scope,
completely, entirely, wholly, totally
كمساريkumsārī pl. كمساريةkumsārīya (eg.)
(streetcar, railroad, etc.) conductor كماليkamālī luxury, luxurious, de luxe;
كمالياتluxuries; luxury
كمشkamaša u (kamš) to seize, grasp, grip,
clutch ( هـs.th.) V to become wrinkled, to كمالةkamāla (colloq.) that which fills
wrinkle; to shrink; to contract; to recoil up or completes a weight or number, a
within o.s. cower, quail VII to become complement; addition, supplement 840
wrinkled, to wrinkle; to shrink; to اكملakmal 2 more complete, more
contract; to tighten, become cramped, be perfect │ باكملهentirely, wholly, totally;
convulsed; to recoil within o.s., cower, لندن باكملهاall London
quail; to withdraw within o.s., become or
تكميلtakmīl completion,
be preoccupied with o.s. be self-absorbed;
complementing, perfecting, perfection;
to collect one’s thoughts, gather one’s
conclusion, termination, windup;
strength, concentrate (also with )على نفسه
consummation, execution
كمشةkamša a handful
تكميليtakmīlī completing,
كمشkamiš, كميشkamīš adroit, skillful, complementing, complementary,
skilled │ كميش الزارk. al-izār do.; supplementary │ انتخاب تكميليby-election
efficient, active, diligent, industrious
تكملةtakmila supplement, complement
كماشةkammāša pl. -āt (pair) of pincers
اكمالikmāl completion, complementing,
انكماشinkimāš absorption, perfecting, perfection; conclusion,
preoccupation, self-absorption termination; windup; consummation,
مَنكمشmunkamiš shrunk; cramped, execution
clenched, convulsed; absorbed, تكامَلtakāmul integration; unification to
preoccupied, self-absorbed, introverted a perfect whole │ O حساب التكامَلintegral
كمعIII to sleep ( هwith s.o.), embrace ( هs.o.), calculus
have sexual intercourse ( هwith s.o.) تكامَليtakāmulī integrative; all-
كميعkamī’ bedfellow including and unifying to form a perfect
whole
كملkamala, kamula u and kamila a (كمال
kamāl, كمولkumūl) to be or become اكتمالiktimāl completion; maturity,
whole, entire, integral, perfect, complete; ripeness
to be finished, done, completed, استكمالistikmāl conclusion, termination,
accomplished; to be concluded, come to a finishing
close II and IV to finish, wind up,
كامَلkāmil pl. كملةkamala perfect,
conclude, complete, consummate ( هـs.th.);
consummate; genuine, sterling; complete,
to carry out, execute ( هـs.th.); to perfect,
full, plenary, full-strength; completed,
round out, complement, supplement (هـ
concluded; whole, entire, total, integral;
name of a poetic meter; folio format hide, conceal, secrete, keep secret ( هـs.th.)
(paper) │ بكامَلهwholly, entirely, totally, VIII to be hidden, be concealed X to be
altogether, in its entirety; O لبن كامَل hidden, be concealed; to seek shelter; to
(laban) unskimmed, full-bodied milk lie comfortably, nestle, cuddle, snuggle; to
calm down 841
مَتكامَلmutakāmil perfect; integrative;
complete, integral كنkann, kinn pl. اكنانaknān, اكنة
akinna place where one is sheltered;
كمنkamana u and kamina a ( كمونkumūn) to
cover, shelter, retreat, refuge; nest; home,
hide; to be hidden, concealed, latent; to
house, hut; arbor, bower
have its secret seat ( فيin); to ambush,
waylay ( لs.o.) V to lie in wait ( لfor s.o.), كنةkanna pl. كنائنkanā’in2 daughter-in-
ambush, waylay ( لs.o.) X to hide, lie law; sister-in-law
concealed كنةkinna shelter, cover, covering
كمنةkumna black cataract (med.) كنةkunna pl. -āt, كنانkinān shed roof,
كمانlook up alphabetically pent roof, awning
كمونkammūn cumin (Cuminum كنانkinān pl. -āt akinna shed roof, pent
cyminum L.; bot.) │ كمون اسودblack roof, awning
caraway, black cumin (Nigella sativa L.; كنانةkināna pl. كنائنkanā’in2 quiver (for
bot.); ( كمون بريbarrī) do.; ( كمون حلوḥulw) arrows) │ ارض كنانةarḍ kināna, الكنانة
anise, aniseed Egypt (land of the Kinana tribe)
كمينkamīn pl. كمناءkumanā’2 hidden, كانونkānūn pl. كوانينkawānīn2 stove
lying in ambush; ambush, secret attack │
( دبر كميناdabbara) to hatch a plot; نصب له كانونkānūn: كانون الولk. al-awwal
كميناto set a trap for s.o. December (Syr., Leb., Jord., Ir.); كانون
الثانيk. at-tānī January (Syr., Leb., Jord.,
مَكمنmakman pl. مَكامَنmakāmin2 place Ir.)
whore s.th. is hidden; ambuscade;
كنينkanīn hidden, concealed; well-kept
ambush, hiding place │ هنا مَكمن السر
hunā m. as-sirr that’s where the secret lies مَكنونmaknūn hidden, concealed; well-
kept; hidden content
كامَنkāmin hidden, concealed, latent;
1
secret; pl. كوامَنkawāmin2 underlying كنارkanār edge, rim, border, fringe, hem,
factors, hidden background, latent depths selvage
2
كمنجاkamanjā and كمنجةkamanja كناريkanārī canary
oriental stringed instrument having one or 1
كنبkanab callocity, callus
two strings; (Western) violin, fiddle
كنبkanib and مَكنبmuknib callous
كمهkamah blindness (from birth) (skin)
اكمهakmah2, f. كمهاءkamhā’2, pl. كمه 2
كنبهor ( كنبيهFr. canapé) kanabēh pl. -āt sofa
kumh blind, born blind
الكنجal-kunj the Congo
كميkamīy pl. كماةkumāh, اكماءakmā’ armed
and ironclad, in full armor; brave, valiant, كنجروkangarū kangaroo (eg.)
courageous 1
كنودkunūd ingratitude
( كميونFr. camion) kamiyōn pl. -āt truck, lorry كنودkanūd ungrateful
كنkanna u (kann, كنونkunūn) to hide (هـ 2
كنداkanadā Canada
s.th.); to conceal, cover, cloak ( هـs.th.); to
shelter, ensconce, contain ( هـs.th.); to كنديkanadī Canadian
harbor ( ل هـfriendship toward); to calm 1
كندرkundur frankincense
down, subside, abate (wind) II to hide, 2
كندرةkundura pl. كنادرkanādir2 (syr.)
conceal, secrete, keep secret ( هـs.th.); to
(Western-style) shoe
calm, quiet, still, assuage ( هـs.th.) IV to
كندشkunduš magpie كنغرkangar kangaroo
كنارlook up alphabetically كنفkanafa u (kanf) to guard, protect ( هs.o.); to
fence in, hedge, provide with an enclosure
كنزkanaza i (kanz) to bury ( في الرضin the
( هـs.th.); to surround ( هـs.th., هs.o.); to
ground, هـa treasure); to pile up, heap up,
help, assist ( هs.o.) III and IV to shelter,
lay up, accumulate, amass, collect, gather,
protect, help, assist ( هs.o.) VIII to
save, hoard ( هـs.th.) VIII to be firm,
surround (on both sides), enclose,
compact, sturdy, strapping; to accumulate,
embrace ( هـs.th.)
amass, gather ( هـmoney, treasures); to
hide ( هـmoney, treasures) كنفkanaf pl. اكنافaknāf side, flank;
wing; shadow, shelter, pale, fold; bosom │
كنزkanz pl. كنوزkunūz treasure
في كنفunder cover of ..., in an atmosphere
كنزkaniz firm, compact (flesh); sturdy, of ...; في اكنافهunder his protection, under
strapping (body) his sponsorship
اكتنازiktināz strong, sturdy build, كنافةkunāfa pl. -āt vermicelli baked in
sturdiness, compactness, stoutness (of the sugar, melted butter and honey
body)
كنيفkanīf pl. كنفkunuf water closet,
مَكتنزmuktaniz firm, compact (flesh); toilet; public lavatory
sturdy (body); compressed, pinched (lips);
مَكتنفmuktanaf surrounded, enclosed (
massive, strong; -- muktanaz accumulated,
بby)
amassed; hidden, buried
( كنفاشEngl.) kanfāš canvas
كنسkanasa u (kans) to sweep ( هـthe house) II
do. كنكةkanaka (= تنكةeg.) pl. -āt coffee pot
1
كنسkans sweeping, cleaning كنكنkankana to stay at home; to settle down,
make o.s. at home; to nestle, snuggle,
الكنسةal-kansa visit of the ulema to the
cuddle up
tomb of the Imam al-Shāfi‘ī where they
2
sweep away the dust كنكيناkanakīnā quinine
كناسkannās sweeper; street sweeper, كنهVIII to fathom, probe, sound, investigate,
street cleaner explore ( هـs.th.), look ( هـinto
كناسةkunāsa sweepings, refuse, s.th.); to get to the bottom ( هـof s.th.);
garbage, offal to understand thoroughly, grasp in its
entirety ( هـs.th.) X to seek to explore or
كنيسkanīs nose bag
find out ( هـs.th.); to fathom, discover, find
كنيسkanīs synagogue out, grasp, understand ( هـs.th.)
كنيسةkanīsa pl. كنائسkanā’is2 church كنهkunh utmost degree, extreme; core,
(Chr.); synagogue, temple (Jud.) essence, substance, true nature, essential
كنسيkanasī and كنائسيkanā’isī being │ يعرفه كنه المعرفةya‘rifuhū kunha l-
ecclesiastic(al); clerical 842 ma‘rifa he understands it most thoroughly,
he grasps its very essence
مَكنسةmiknasa pl. مَكانسmakānis2
broom; O sweeper, street sweeper تكنهاتtakannuhāt = تكهنات
(machine) │ ( مَكنسة كهربائيةkahrabā’īya) اكتناهiktināh and استكناهistiknāh
vacuum cleaner fathoming, penetration, exploration
مَكناسmiknās2, مَكناسةmiknāsa2 Meknes كنهورkanahwar cumuli
(city in N Morocco)
)كنوand كنا )كنيkanā u and كنىkanā i (كناية
كناشkunnāš, كناشةkunnāša scrapbook; كناشات kināya) to use metonymically ( ب عنs.th.
fundamentals, principles for); to allude ( عن بwith s.th. to); -- كنى
( كنصولFr. console) kunṣōl pl. -āt console kanā i ( كنيةkunya) and II to call ( هs.o.) by
the surname of ( )بV and VIII to be
كنعانkan‘ān Canaan
known by the surname of ()ب, call o.s. by مَكهربmukahrab electrically charged,
the surname of ()ب electrized, electrified; O electrically
conductive, conducting, ionized; O
كنيةkunya pl. كنىkunan surname,
electrically ignited, provided with electric
agnomen (consisting of abū or umm
ignition
followed by the name of the son)
كهرطيسيkahraṭīsī electromagnetic
كنايةkināya indirect expression,
metonymy; allusion; indirect declaration كهرمَانkahramān amber
of (legal) intent (Isl. Law) │ بالكناية كهفkahf pl. كهوفkuhūf cave, cavern;
indirect, not clear and unequivocal (as depression, hollow, cavity │ كهف رئوي
opposed to هو كناية عن ;)صريحit is (ri’awī) pulmonary abscess, vomica
tantamount to ..., it means ..., it stands (med.); اصحاب الكهفthe Seven Sleepers
for ..., it consists in ...; كناية عنkināyatan
‘an tantamount to; in lieu of, instead of كهلkahala a ( كهولkuhūl), kahula u (كهولة
kuhūla) and VIII to be middle-aged, be at
مَكني عنهmaknīy ‘anhu metonymically the height of one’s life
expressed
كهلkahl pl. كهلkuhhal, كهالkihāl, كهول
مَكنىmukannan surnamed kuhūl, كهلانkuhlān middle-aged, man of
كهربkahraba to electrify, electrize ( هـs.th.); mature age
to ionize ( هـs.th.) II takahraba to be كهلkuhūla maturity of age
electrified, be electrized, become electric;
to be charged with electricity; to be كاهلkāhil pl. كواهلkawāhil2 upper part
ionized of the back; withers │ ثقل كاهلهtaqqala
kāhilahū to load, burden, encumber s.o. or
كهربةkahraba electrization, s.th., e.g., ( ثقل كاهل الميزانk. al-mīzān) to
electrification; electricity 843 burden the budget; ( تخفيف العبء عن كاهلهt.
كهربkahrab pl. كهاربkahārib2 al-‘ib’) unburdening, disencumbrance of
electron s.o. or s.th.
كهيربkuhairib pl. -āt electron كهامَةkahāma dullness, bluntness; lassitude
languor, weakness
كهيربيkuhairibī electronic, electron- (in
1
compounds) │ ( المجهر الكهيربيmijhar) كهنkahana a u ( كهانةkahāna) to predict the
electron microscope future, tell the fortune ( لof s.o.), prophesy
( لto s.o.) V to predict, foretell, presage,
كهاربيkahāribī electronic, electron- (in
prophesy ( بs.th.)
compounds)
كهانةkahāna prediction; prophecy
كهرباءkahrabā’ and كهرباkahrabā
amber; electricity; ( الكهرباءeg.) the street- كهانةkihāna divination, soothsaying,
car, the trolley fortunetelling
كهربائيkahrabā’ī and كهربيkahrabī كهنوتkahnūt, kahanūt priesthood │
electric(al); electrician │ تيار كهربائي رجال الكهنوتthe clergy, the ministry
(ṭayyār) electric current; جامَعة كهربائية كهنوتيkahanūtī priestly, sacerdotal,
storage battery, secondary battery, ministerial, clerical, ecclesiastic(al)
accumulator; ( مَصباح كهربائيmiṣbāḥ)
electric lamp, lightbulb; علج كهربائي مَكهنmakhan (place of an) oracle
diathermy; عالم كهربائيelectrophysicist; تكهنtakahhun pl. -āt prediction,
( مَغنطيس كهربائيmagnaṭīs) electromagnet; prophecy; conjecture, surmise
مَغنطيسية كهربائيةelectromagnetism; نور
( كهربائيnūr) electric light كاهنkāhin pl. كهانkuhhān, كهنةkahana
diviner, soothsayer, prognosticator,
كهربائيةkahrabā’īya and كهربية fortuneteller; priest رئيس الكهنةand كبير
kahrabīya electricity الكهنةhigh priest
مَتكهنmutakahhin diviner, soothsayer, almost ... │ كاد يموتhe almost died; كدت
prognosticator, fortuneteller اذهبkidtu adhabu I almost went; يكاد يكون
2 ( في حكم العدمḥukmi l-’adam) it is almost as
كهنةkuhna rags, shreds, scrap, junk; ragged,
good as nonexistent; (with neg.
tattered
corresponding to Engl. “hardly, scarcely,
كهنجيkuhnajī ragman, rag picker barely; no sooner ..., as soon as ...”:) مَا كاد
كهايةkihāya administrative district in Tunisia يقومno sooner had he got up ...; لَ تكاد ترى
(tarā) you will hardly ever see, or, you
كاهيةkāhiya pl. كواهkawāhin chief barely see, or, the moment you see …; لم
officer of a ;كهايةdeputy, vice-, under-, يكد يراهاlam yakad yarāhā no sooner had
sub- (Tun.) he seen her, the moment he saw her; لم يكد
كوةkūwa pl. -āt, كوىkuwan, كواءkiwā’ – حتىand حتى-- مَا كادno sooner – than, as
aperture; small window, attic window, soon as he -- he ..., the moment he – he …
skylight; peephole 844 كادkād: بالكادalmost, nearly; see also
كوالينيkawālīnī pl. -ya locksmith alphabetically
2
كوبkūb pl. اكوابakwāb drinking glass, كودII to heap up, pile up ( هـs.th.)
tumbler, (ir.) cup كودةkauda pl. اكوادakwād heap, pile
كوبةkūba drinking glass, tumbler; 3
( كودية زارeg.) kudyit zār woman leader of the
hearts (in a deck of cards) Zar ritual
( كوبرتهIt. coperta) kūbarta deck (of a ship) 1
كورII to roll, roll up, coil, roll into a ball (هـ
( كوبريTurk. köprü) kūbrī pl. □ كباريkabārī s.th.), to wind ( هـthe turban); to make
bridge (eg.) round, ball-shaped ( هـs.th.); to clench (
قبضتهqabḍatahū one’s list) V to become
( كوبنهاجFr. Copenhague) Copenhagen round, be or become ball-shaped, globular,
كوبنهاجنkōbinhāgin Copenhagen spherical, to curl up (in a lying position);
to conglomerate, form or gather into a ball
( كوبياIt. copia) kōbiyā copy │ قلم كوبياqalam k.
copying pencil, indelible pencil كورkūr pl. اكوارakwār, اكورakwur, كيرا
نkīrān camel saddle; forge, furnace,
( كوبيلEngl. cobble) cobbled pavement,
smelting furnace, bellows
cobblestones
كورةkūra pl. كورkuwar district, rural
( كوبيهIt. copia) kōbiya copy
district, small town, village, ball (= )كرة
الكويتal-kuwait Kuwait
كورىsee below, alphabetically
2
( كوترEngl. cutter) kōtar pl. كواترkawātir (eg.)
كوارةkuwāra pl. كوائرkawā’ir2 beehive
cutter, yawl
كورويkūrawī ball-shaped, globular,
كوثةkauta fertility; abundance, profusion
spherical
كوثرkautar much, ample, abundant, plentiful,
مَكورmikwar and مَكورةmikwara turban
large quantity; الكوثرal-kautar name of a
river in Paradise مَكورmukawwar ball-shaped, globular,
round
كوثلkautal stern (of a ship)
2
كارlook up alphabetically
مَكوجيsee 1 كوى
2 بالكورجةbi-l-kauraja in the bulk, wholesale, in
كوخkūk pl. اكواخakwāk hut
the lump
2
كاخيةlook up alphabetically
( كوردونFr. cordon) kordōn pl. -āt cordon;
1 st
( كاد )كودkāda (1 pers. perf. kidtu) imperf. يكاد ribbon, braid, lace, trimming 845
yakādu to be on the point ( انof doing
( كورسEngl.) kōras chorus (also fig.); choir
s.th.), be about ( انto do s.th.), (with
imperf.) it wouldn’t have taken much ( كورسيهFr. corset) korsēh pl. كورسيهات
more ..., he (it) all but ..., he (would have) korsēhāt corset
كوريك,( كوركTurk. kürek) kūrēk forced labor كوكبيkaukabī star-shaped, stelliform,
(eg.) starlike, stellular, stellate, stellar; starry,
starred; astral
( كورنيشFr. corniche) see كرنيش
كوكتيلkoktēl cocktail
كوررياkōriyā Korea
كولانkaulān, kūlān papyrus (Cyperus papyrus;
كوريkōrī Korean
bot.)
كوريكsee كريكand كورك
كولومَبوkolombō Colombo (capital of Ceylon)
كوزkūz pl. اكوازakwāz, كيزانkīzān small jug of
كولومَبياkolombiyā Colombia
clay or tin; mug, tankard │ كوز الذرةk. ad-
dura (eg.) corncob كولونياkolōniyā Cologne; Eau de Cologne
1
كوسkūs pl. -āt small drum ( كوليراFr. choléra) kōlīrā cholera
2
كاسkās pl. اكواسakwās = كأس كوليسkūlīs pl. كواليسkawālīs2 side scene,
3 coulisse, backdrop │ وراء الكواليسbehind
كويسkuwayyis (eg.) nice, fine, pretty, comely,
the scene, backstage (also fig.)
handsome, beautiful
كوالينpl. of كالون, which see (alphabetically); كو
اكوسakwas2 more beautiful, prettier,
الينيibid.
nicer
كومII to heap, pile up, stack up ( هـs.th.) V to
كوساor كوسىkūsā (coll.; n. un. كوساةkūsāh, □
be piled up; to pile up; to accumulate; to
كوسايةkūsāya) (eg., syr.) zucchini; see also
sink to the ground, crumple, collapse in a
under كيس
heap
كوسجkausaj swordfish (Xiphias gladius)
كومkaum pl. اكوامakwām, كيمانkīmān
كوشةkūša pl. كوشkuwaš kiln (specif., heap, pile; hill; pl. كيمانkīmān esp.
limekiln) garbage piles, refuse dump
كوعkū’ and كاعkā’ pl. اكواعakwā’, كيعانkī’ān كومَةkauma, kūma pl. -āt, كومkuwam,
projecting carpal end of the radius, اكوامakwām heap, pile; mass │ كومَة الحطب
wristbone; elbow (anat.); kū’ elbow, k. al-ḥaṭab pyre, stake
angle, bend (of a pipe); curve, turn, bend
كومَاندانkom6ndan commBndant, commander
(of a road) │ كوع الماسورةkneepiece or
846
elbow of a pipe; لَ يعرف الكوع مَن البوع
(ya’rifu) he doesn’t know his knee from كومَساريsee كمساري
his elbow (proverbially of a stupid person) كومَسيوجيkūmisyōjī commission merchant
كوفV to band together, throng together, ( كومَودينوIt. coomidino) komudīnū bedside
gather in a crowd table
الكوفةal-kūfa Kufa (town in Iraq) كومَيدياkōmīdiyā comedy
كوفيkūfī Kufic; Kufic writing; الكوفيون 1
( كان )كونkāna u (kaun, كيانkiyān, كينونة
the Kufic (school of) grammarians kainīna) to be; to exist; to happen, occur,
كوفيةkūfīya pl. -āt kaffiyeh, square take place; with acc. of the predicate: to
kerchief diagonally folded and worn under be s.th.; with foll. perf. denoting the
the ‘iqāl as a headdress pluperfect; with foll. imperf. expressing
duration in the past = Engl. progressive
( كوكEngl.) kōk coke
past: was doing (often corresponding to
كوكبkaukab pl. كواكبkawākib2 star (also, fig., Engl. “used to ...”, “would ...”); with ل: to
of screen, stage, etc.); leucoma, white belong to, be one’s own ( كان له بيتhe had
opacity in the cornea of the eye │ كوكب or owned a house); with لand s.th.: to be
( سينمائيsīnamā’ī) film star the right man for, be qualified for; with
كوكبةkaukaba star; group, troop, party; مَن: to belong to, pertain to; with على: to be
(pl. كواكبkawākib2) (Syr.; mil.) squadron incumbent on, be the duty of; with الى: to
(of armored units, of cavalry) be assigned to, be the lot or share of, be
left to, be due (s.o.) │ مَا يكونfoll. the book); locality, locale; seat, place (e.g., in
elative: ( على اتم مَا يكونatammi) in the moat a railroad compartment); position,
perfect manner conceivable, as perfect(ly) standing, rank, dignity; importance,
as possible; اقوالهم اقرب مَا تكون الى الصواب consequence, weight; space (philos.);
(ṣawāb) what they said came quite close presence; situation, conditions,
to the truth: ( لم يكن لlam yakun) or مَا كان ل circumstances; مَكانmakāna in the place
(with foll. subjunctive) he is (or was) not of, in lieu of, instead of │ لو كنت مَكانكlau
the right man for, he was not capable of, kuntu makānaka if I were in your place, if
he was not in a position to ...; it is (or was) I were you; مَكانهmakānahū on the spot, at
not apt to ...; ( لم يكن ليصعب عليه انli- once; مَكانكmakānak stop! في كل مَكان
yaṣ’uba) it wouldn’t have been difficult everywhere; ( اخلى مَكاناaklā) to make
for him to …, there was no reason why he room; ( احتل مَكانا مَكيناihtalla) to have or
couldn’t have ...; ( مَا كان مَنه الَ انor )لم يكن hold a strong, powerful position; هو مَن
(illā an) he had no other choice but to ..., ( الشجاعة بمكانšajā‘a) he is 847 extremely
there was nothing for him to do but to ...; brave; ( ذلك مَن الهمية بمكانahammīyah) that
he did no more than ...; مَا كان له انit is (or is of considerable importance; هاته النظرية
was) impossible for him to ...; he is (or ( مَن الضعف بمكانnaẓarīya, ḍu‘f) this theory
was) unable to ...; اصبح في خبر كانaṣbaḥa is rather weak; ( مَكان الشيء مَن نفسهnafsihī)
fī kabari k. to disappear, become dated, the importance of s.th. for s.o., the place
belong to the past; كان وكانa popular form that s.th. has in s.o.’s mind; مَكان الحديثsite
of poem consisting of quatrains II to of action, scene of the crime, locus delicti;
make, create, produce, originate, bring ظرف المكانẓarf al-m. adverb of place
forth, bring into being, form, shape, (gram.); ( امَاكن وعرةwa‘ra) difficult
fashion ( هـs.th.) V to be created, be terrain, rugged country
formed; to come into existence, form, مَكانةmakāna pl. -āt place; location,
arise, develop; to consist, be composed, be situation; position, office; standing,
made up ( مَنof), be formed ( مَنby) X to authority, influence, rank, dignity │ مَكانة
become lowly, humble, miserable; to الصدرm. aṣ-ṣadr first place, precedence,
submit, yield, surrender, humble o.s., priority
abase o.s., eat humble pie; to abandon o.s.,
give o.s. over ( الىto s.th.) مَكانيmakānī local
كونkaun pl. اكوانakwān being, esse; مَكانيةmakānīya spatiality (philos.)
existence; event, occurrence, incident; تكوينtakwīn forming, shaping,
الكونthe existent, the existing, reality; the formation, creation, origination; (pl. تكاوين
world; the cosmos, the universe │ الكون takāwīn2) formation (of rock; geol.) │
( العلىa‘lā) the Supreme Being, God; with جميل التكوينwell-shaped, shapely; سفر
foll. genit. or suffix of the logical subject التكوينsifr at-t. the Genesis
and acc. of the predicate: the fact that s.o.
or s.th. is ..., لكونه مَجنوناli-kaunihī تكونtakawwun genesis, birth, nascency,
majnūnan because he is mad, مَع كونه مَجنونا origin, incipience, rise, development;
although he is mad formation
كونيkaunī of or relating to the universe استكانةistikāna yielding, submission,
or cosmos, universal, cosmic, cosmo- (in resignation, passivity
compounds) │ O ( الشعة الكونيةaši‘‘a) كائنkā’in being; existing, existent;
cosmic rays; نظام كونيcosmic system situated, located; a being, entity, creature,
كيانkiyān being, esse; existence; creation; (pl. -āt) thing; s.th. existing, an
essence, substance; nature existent │ ( الكائن المطلقmuṭlaq) the
Absolute Being, God; الكائناتthe created
اليكونal-yakūn the sum total things, the universe, the world; كائنا مَن كان
مَكانmakān pl. امَكنةamkina, امَاكن (man) whoever it may be; كائنا مَا كانbe it
amākin2 place where one is or stands; what it may, whatever it may be
place, site, spot, location; passage (in a
1
مَكونmukawwin creator; -- mukawwan كيتkīt Indian dress material
made, created; consisting, composed, 2
كيت وكيتkaita wa-kaita, kaiti wa-kaiti so and
made up ( مَنof), formed ( مَنby) so, such and such, thus and thus
مَستكينmustakīn humiliated, oppressed, 1
( كاد )كيدkāda i (kaid, مَكيدةmakīda) to deceive,
resigned, submissive dupe, outwit ( هs.o.); to harm by artful
2
كيوانlook up alphabetically machinations ( لs.o., s.th.), lay snares (ل
for s.o.), plot s.o.’s ( )لdownfall, conspire
( كونتراتوIt. contratto) kontrātō agreement,
( لagainst s.o.) III to deceive, dupe, outwit
accord, treaty, contract
( هs.o.); to seek to double-cross ( هs.o.)
( كونكرداتوIt. concordato) konkurdātō
كيدkaid pl. كيادkiyād ruse, artifice,
settlement, composition (between debtor
stratagem; craftiness, slyness, cunning,
and creditors)
subtlety; deception, deceit; artful plot;
كونياكkonyāk cognac trick, dodge
□ مَكوهfor مَكوىsee 1كوى مَكيدةmakīda pl. مَكايدmakāyid2 ruse,
1
كوىkawā i ( كيkayy) to burn ( هـs.th.); to sear artifice, trick; smart action, clever
( هـs.th.); to cauterize, treat with a cautery approach, shrewd policy; stratagem; plot,
( هs.o.; med.); to brand ( هs.o.); to bite, burn conspiracy, machinations, schemes,
(acid); to sting (scorpion); to press, iron ( intrigues
هـlaundry, and the like) VIII to be burned, 2
كادlook up alphabetically
be seared; to be cauterized; to be pressed,
كيرkīr pl. اكيارakyār, كيرانkīrān bellows
be ironed; to burn o.s., burn one’s skin
( كيروسينEngl.) kirūsīn kerosene
كيkayy burning; cauterization, cautery;
pressing, ironing │ حجر الكيḥajar al-k. ( كاس )كيسkāsa i (kais, كياسةkiyāsa) to be
lunar caustic, silver nitrate; O الكي الكهربائي smart, clever, intelligent; to be nice, fine,
(kahrabā’ī) diathermy pretty, comely, handsome, attractive, chic
II to refine, make elegant
كيةkayya a burn, a brand
كيسkais smartness, cleverness,
كواءkawwā’ slanderer, calumniator;
intelligence; subtlety, finesse,
ironer, presser
gracefulness, elegance
كوايةkawwāya ironing woman, ironer
كيسkais m. and f., pl. اكياسakyās, كيسة
كويةkawīya (syr.) press, crease (in kiyasa, sack; bag; pouch; purse; Turkish
trousers) towel │ كيس الوسادةpillowcase, pillow slip;
مَكواةmikwāh and مَكوىmakwan pl. مَكاو كيس الصفراءk. aṣ-ṣafrā’ gall, bile; على كيسه
makāwin flatiron; hot iron (for at his expense
cauterizing), cautery (med.) │ مَكواة الشعر كيسkayyis pl. اكياسakyās, كيسىkaisā,
m. aš-ša‘r curling iron f. كيسةkayyisa, pl. كياسkiyās sly, smart,
مَكوىmakwan ironing establishment astute, shrewd, sagacious; adroit,
dexterous, skillful; nice, fine, elegant,
□ مَكوجيmakwajī ironer, presser; stylish, chic, attractive, comely, pretty,
laundryman handsome
كاوkāwin caustic كياسةkiyāsa adroitness, dexterity, skill;
2
كوىkuwan see كوة cleverness, smartness, astuteness,
1
shrewdness, slyness, sagacity, subtlety,
كيkai, لكيli-kai so that, in order that, in order finesse; courtesy, civility, politeness;
to │ َ كي لand َ لكي لin order not to, lest gracefulness, grace; elegance, chic,
848 stylishness
كيماkai-mā, لكيماli-kai-mā that, so that, اكيسakyas2, f. كيسىkīsā and كوسىkūsā,
in order that, in order to pl. كيسkīs smarter, slier; more skillful;
2
كيkayy and كيةkayya see 1 كوى more stylish, more chic, nicer
مَكيسmukayyis and □ مَكيساتي تكيفtakayyuf adaptation, adjustment,
mukayyisātī (eg.) bath attendant, masseur conformity
مَكيسmukayyas shrewd, subtle, astute, مَكيفةmukayyifa, مَكيفة الهواءm. al-hawā’
smart, sly pl. -āt air-conditioning installation, air
conditioner
كيفII to form, shape, fashion, mold ( هـs.th.);
to fit, condition, modify, conform, adjust, مَكيفاتmukayyifāt narcotics, opiates
adapt ( هـs.th., نفسهo.s.); to regulate (هـ 1
كيكةkaika pl. كياكيkayākī egg
s.th.); to put in high spirits, exhilarate,
2
amuse, delight ( هـs.o.); to intoxicate كيكةkīka, كيكاkīkā (eg.) hide-and-seek
slightly, dope, stupefy ( هs.o.; of a ( كال )كيلkāla i (kail, مَكالmakāl, مَكيلmakīl) to
narcotic) Y to be shaped, be formed; to measure ( هـs.th.); to weigh ( هـs.th.); to
assume a form, take on a shape; to adapt compare by measuring ( ب هـs.th. with),
o.s., adjust o.s., conform; to be in high measure s.th. ( )هـby the standard of (;)ب
spirits, be cheerful, gay; to amuse o.s., to measure out, mete out, allot, apportion (
enjoy o.s., have a good time, have fun; to ل هـs.th. to s.o.) │ كال له الشتائمto heap
revel; to be slightly intoxicated, be tipsy, abuse on s.o.; ( كال له اللطماتlaṭamāt) to
fuddled; to smoke (tobacco, etc.) give s.o. a beating, spank, thrash s.o. II to
كيفkaifa (interrogative and measure ( هـs.th.) III to return like for like,
exclamatory particle) how? how ...! │ كيف repay in kind ( هto s.o.)
( حالكḥāluka) how are you? كيف لَ و... why كيلkail pl. اكيالakyāl measure; dry
shouldn’t it be so since ...! فكيف بjust measure for grain; holding capacity
imagine how much more (or less) ...! and
how much more ...! and how much less كيلةkaila pl. -āt kilah, a dry measure
…! (Eg. = 16.72 l; Pal. = 361)
كيفماkaifamā however, howsoever │ كيف كيليkailī and مَكيلmakīl
ما كان الحالwhatever the case may be, be (volumetrically) measurable,
that as it may; in any case, at any rate volumetric(al)
كيفkaif state, condition; mood, humor, كيالkayyāl corn measurer; one who
state of mind, frame of mind; pleasure, metes out, who determines the right
delight, well-being, good humor, 849 high measure, muter, lord
spirits; discretion, option. will; (pl. كيوف مَكيالmikyāl pl. مَكاييلmakāyīl2 and مَكيل
kuyūf) narcotic, opiate │ على كيفكat your mikyal, مَكيلةmikyala pl. مَكايلmakāyil2
discretion, as you please; as you wish, as measure; dry measure for grain │ الموازين
you like; اصحاب الكيفbons vivants, والمكاييلthe weights and measures
epicures
كيلوkīlō and كيلوجرامkilogrām pl. -āt kilogram
كيفيkaifī arbitrary, discretionary,
optional; qualitative ( كيلوسيكلFr. kilocycle) kīlōsikl pl. -āt kilocycle
(radio)
كيفيةkaifīya manner, mode, fashion;
property, quality; nature, state, condition; كيلومَترkīlōmitr pl. -āt kilometer
particulars, particular circumstances (e.g., كيلوواطkīlōwāṭ kilowatt
of an event) │ كيفية العملk. al-‘amal
كيلون = كالونlook up alphabetically
operation (e.g., of a machine); كيفية
الَستعمالdirections for use كيماkai-mā see 1كي
تكييفtakyīf forming, shaping, كيموسkaimūs gastric juice
fashioning; formation; a.daptation, كيمياءkīmiyā’ chemistry; alchemy │ الكيمياء
adjustment, conditioning, modification; ( الَحيائيةaḥyā’īya) biochemistry; كيمياء التربة
regulation; descriptive designation, k. at-turba agricultural chemistry
qualification; air conditioning, = تكييف
الهواءt. al-hawā’ كيميkīmī chemical
كيميائيkīmiyā’ī, كيماويkīmāwī by him, I read one of his books; لَ تدوم له
chemical; -- (pl. -ūn) chemist; alchemist; ( حالtadūmu) no state is of any
permanence with him, he is never the
كيماوياتkīmāwīyāt chemicals
same for a very long time( قامَوا لمعاونتناli-
( كان )كينkāna i (kain) to humble o.s., abase mu’āwanatinā) they set out in our support;
o.s., eat humble pie, submit, resign o.s. X لسبع ليال خلون مَن شعبانli-sab’i layālin
do. kalauna min ša’bāna when seven nights
كيناkīnā quinine │ خشب الكيناkašab al-k. of Shaban had passed; للمرة الولىli-l-
cinchona, china bark, Peruvian bark marrati l-ūlā for the first time; لول وهلةli-
awwali wahlatin at first sight, at once; اخوه
كينينkīnīn quinine لبيه وأمَهli-abīhi wa-ummihī his brother on
كيهكkiyahk, kīhak the fourth month of the the paternal and maternal side, his brother-
Coptic year german, his full brother 2. (conj. with the
subjunctive) that, so that, in order that, in
كيوانkaiwān the planet Saturn order to; (with apoc.) expressing an order.
( كيوبيدEngl.) kiyūbīd Cupid 850 an invitation: ليكتبli-yaktub he shall write,
let him write (with preceding وwa or فfa
contracted to wal- ... or fal ... with elision
of the i)
ل لجلli-ajli (with foll. genit.) because of,
on account of, for
لنli-an (conj. with the subjunctive)
1
لla (intensifying particle) truly, verily; that, so that, in order that, in order to;
certainly, surely; frequently after انinna, (with َ لئل )لli-allā in order not to, lest
introducing the predicate: ان ربي لسميع الدعاء لنli-anna (conj.) on the grounds that;
inna rabbī la-samī’ d-du’ā’ truly, my Lord because; for
hears the prayer; also as a correlative of لو
lau and َ لولlau-lā: لو كنت تفعل هذا لكان انفع لذلكli-dālika therefore, hence, that is
(la-kāna anfa’a) if you did this it would why, for that reason
be more useful; لولَ تاب لهلكlau-lā tāba la- لكيli-kai and لكيماli-kai-mā (conj. with
halaka if he had not repented he would the subjunctive) that, so that, in order that,
have perished; (particle of oath) لعمرك in order to
la-’amruka by your life!
2
لماli-mā (shortened لمli-mā) why?
لli 1. (prep.) for; on behalf of, in wherefore? for what reason? لماذاli-mā-dā
favor of; to (of the dative); because of; for why (on earth)?
the sake of; due to, owing to; for, for the
purpose of; at the time of, when, as; by لهذاli-hādā therefore, hence, that is
(designating the author or originator); why, for that reason
occasionally substituting for ;الىas to ل َ لlā (particle) not, no! with apoc. expressing
paraphrasing the genit. and acc. see negative imperative: لَ تقلlā taqul don’t
grammar │ لي عليه مَالhe owes me money; say! with indef. acc. expressing a general
مَا له ومَا علبهhis right and his duty; his negation; there is not, there is no ..., e.g., َل
credit and his debit, his assets and his اله الَ اlā ilāha illa llāh there is no god
liabilities; له انhe has a right to ..., he is but Allah; ( لَ خير فيهkaira) there is no good
entitled to ..., he may ...; it is possible for in it, it’s no good; ( لَ بد مَنهbudda) there is
him to ..., he is able to ..., he can ...; ليس لي no escape from it, it is inevitable; لَ جرمlā
انI have no right to ... , it does not jarama certainly, surely; 851 لَ شكlā
behoove me to ...; لك هذاor لك ذلكyou can šakka no doubt, doubtless; لَ سيماlā
have that! it’s up to you; it’s all right with siyyamā especially. particularly; َ الa-lā
me! all right! O.K.! agreed! هل لك فيor الك see أ; بلbi-lā without; َ ولwa-lā (with
فيwould you like ...? do you want ...? do preceding neg.) nor, ... either; not even,
you feel like ...? قرأت له كتاباI read a book also َ حتى ولḥattā wa-lā, e.g., لم يعطني حتى
( ولَ قرشاlam yu‘ṭinī, qiršan) he did not لَزورديlāzuwardī azure-blue, azure,
give me even a piaster, he did not give me sky-blue, cerulean
as much as a piaster; َ لَ – ولneither -- nor لَزورديةlāzuwardīya azure, blue of the
لَ اباليةlā-ubālīya indifferent attitude, sky
indifference ( لَسيهFr. lacet) lāsēh lace, cord
لَ أدريةlā-adrīya skepticism; 1
لأكIV to send as a messenger ( الى هs.o. to)
agnosticism مَلكmal’ak and مَلكmalak pl. مَلئك
الل أناal-lā-anā the nonego (philos.) malā’ik2, مَلئكةmalā’ika angel; messenger,
envoy
لَ أنانيةlā-anānīya selflessness,
unselfishness مَلئكيmalā’ikī angelic(al); heavenly
2
لَ جنسيةlā-jinsīya statelessness, being لَئكيlook up alphabetically
without nationality لَكنlākin, lākinna however, yet, but
لَ دينيlā-dīnī antireligious, irreligious, للla’la’a ( للةla’la’a) to shine, flash, glitter,
without religion glisten, sparkle, gleam, shimmer, glimmer,
لَ دينيةlā-dīnīya irreligion, godlessness beam, radiate; to wag ( بذنبهbi-danabihī the
tail) II tala’la’a to shine, glitter, glisten,
لَ سامَيlā-sāmī anti-Semitic; anti-
sparkle, gleam, shimmer, glimmer, beam,
Semite
radiate
لَ سامَيةlā-sāmīya anti-Semitism
للةla’la’a shine, glow, brightness,
لَ سلكيlā-silkī wireless, radio (adj.); brilliancy, radiance, flash, glitter, twinkle
radio, broadcasting; radio message │ اشارة
للَءla’lā’ glitter, flash; light, glow,
( لَ سلكيةišāra) radio message
gleam; perfect joy, unruffled gaiety; dealer
اللشعورal-lā-šu‘ūr the unconscious, in pearls
unconscious mind, unconsciousness
لؤلؤlu’lu’ (coll.; n. un. )ةpl.: لليla’ālī2
لَشعوريlā-šu‘ūrī unconscious, unaware pearls │ زهر اللؤلؤzahr al-l. daisy; عرق
لَ شيءlā-šai’ nothing, nonentity, nil ‘ اللؤلؤirq al-l. mother-of-pearl, nacre
لطمlaṭama i (laṭm) to strike with the لعبla‘ib funny, amusing, merry, gay
hand ( هـthe face, with despair, in لعبةla‘ba (n. un.) game; trick
lamentation); to slap ( هs.o.); to jolt; to
لعبةlu‘ba pl. لعبlu‘ab plaything, toy;
eject; to bump, strike ( هـagainst s.th.); to
doll; butt for mirth or derision, sport,
hit ( هـs.th.) VI to exchange blows, fight,
laughingstock
brawl, battle (hostile armies); to collide,
clash (waves) VIII to collide, clash لعبةlu‘ba, لعابla‘‘āb and لعيبli‘‘īb very
playful
لطمةlaṭma pl. laṭamāt blow; slap, box
on the ear; jolt, thrust لعابlu‘āb saliva, spittle; slaver, drivel
│ لعاب الشمسl. aš-šams gossamer, air
لطيمlaṭīm parentless
threads; سال لعابه علىhis mouth watered for
مَلطمmalṭam cheek …
مَتلطمmultaṭam clash (esp., of waves), لعابيlu‘ābī salivary; mucous, slimy
tumult, turmoil (of a battle, and the like),
لعيبةlu‘aiba pl. -āt (little) doll
melee
لعوبla‘ūb flighty, coquettish,
لظيlaẓiya a ( لظىlaẓan) to burn brightly, flare,
flirtatious (woman); playful, dallying,
flame, blaze, be ablaze; to burn with rage
trifling
V and VIII do.
العوبةul‘ūba pl. الاعيبalā‘īb2 plaything,
لظىlaẓan blazing fire, blaze, flame
toy; play, sport, dalliance; fun; prank; trick
لعبla‘aba and la‘iba a (la‘b) to slaver; to
مَلعبmal‘ab pl. مَلاعبmalā‘ib2
slobber, drool (baby); -- la‘iba a (lu‘b,
playground; athletic field, stadium;
li‘b, la‘ib, تلعابtal‘āb) to play ( بwith
playhouse, theater; scene; circus ring; pl.
s.th.; علىan instrument); to toy ( with); to
مَلاعبmalā‘ib matches, contests, events (in
dally ( بwith); to trick, cheat, deceive,
sports)
dupe ( علىs.o.) │ ( لعب الوراقaurāqa) to
play cards; ( لعب دوراdauran) to play a part مَلعبةmal‘aba plaything, toy
or role; لعب الموسيقىto make music; لعب
تلعبtalā‘ub game (e.g., of a لعنla‘n cursing, execration,
speculator, of a gambler), gamble; free malediction
play │ ( مَجال التلعبmajāl) free play, free لعنةla‘na pl. la‘anāt, لعانli‘ān curse;
scope, elbow-room; latitude, margin; execration, imprecation │ لعنة ا عليه
clearance God’s curse upon him!
لَعبlā‘ib playing; player; sportsman; لعنةlu‘na damned, cursed, confounded;
athlete; gymnast │ لَعب الجنبازl. al-jumbāz execrable, abominable
gymnast, athlete
لعانli‘ān oath of condemnation; sworn
مَلعوبmal‘ūb pl. مَلعيبmalā‘īb2 allegation of adultery committed by either
covered with spittle; slobbering, driveling, husband or wife (Isl. Law)
drooling; prank, trick, ruse, artifice
لعينla‘īn and مَلعونmal‘ūn pl. مَلاعين
مَلعبmulā‘ib fellow player; playmate, malā‘īn2 cursed; confounded; damned;
playfellow; fraudulent outcast, execrable; detested, abhorred,
لعثمII tala‘tama to hesitate; to falter, stutter, abominable; اللعينthe Evil One, the Devil
stammer مَتلاعنmutalā‘in cursing each other,
لعثمةla‘tama and لعثمtala‘tum hostile, inimical
hesitation; stuttering, stutter لعا لكla‘an laka call to one who has stumbled:
مَتلعثمmutala‘tim and مَتلعثم اللسانm. al- may you rise again!
lisān stammering, stuttering لغوبlugūb, lagub exhaustion, lassitude,
لعجla‘aja a (la‘j) to hurt, be sore, burn III to fatigue, weariness; great pains, trouble,
oppress, distress, agonize ( هs.o.) toil
لعجةla‘ja pain لاغبlāgib pl. لغبluggab languid,
fatigued, weary, tired
لاعجlā‘ij pl. لواعجlawā‘ij2 ardent,
burning (esp., love); pl. لواعجardent love, لغدlugd pl. الغادalgād, لغودlugūd and لغد
ardor (of love) ودlugdūd pl. لغاديدlagādīd2 flesh at the
throat and under the chin
العسal‘as2, f. لعساءla‘sā’2 red-lipped
لغزlagaza u (lagz) to speak in riddles; to
لعقla‘iqa a (la‘q, لعقةla‘qa, lu‘qa) to lick (هـ
equivocate III and IV do.
s.th.)
لغزlugz pl. الغازalgāz riddle, puzzle;
لعقةla‘qa spoonful
enigma; conundrum; mystery, secret │ O
لعوقla‘ūq electuary لغز الكلمات المتقاطعةl. al-kalimāt al-
مَلعقةmil‘aqa pl. مَلعقmalā‘iq2 spoon │ mutaqāṭi‘a crossword puzzle
مَلعقة شايteaspoon مَلغزmulgaz puzzling, enigmatic,
1
لعلla‘l garnet (min.) cryptic, mysterious; dark, obscure,
2
ambiguous, equivocal
لعلla‘alla see 2عل
لغطlagaṭa a (lagṭ, لغاطligāṭ) to be clamorous
لعلعla‘la‘a to resound, reverberate, and noisy; to raise a din; to shout, clamor
clang, roar, boom II tala‘la‘a to shimmer, II and IV do.
glimmer, gleam, flicker; to be starved; 869
to be parched with thirst; to be exhausted لغطlagṭ, lagaṭ, pl. الغاطalgāṭ noise, din;
clamor, shouting; lamentation ( عنover or
لعلعla‘la‘ pl. لعالعla‘āli‘2 vibration of for s.th.) i uproar, turmoil, tumult
fata morgana 2
لغمlagama to mine, plant with mines ( هـs.th.)
لعنla‘ana a (la‘n) to curse, damn, execrate (ه
s.o.), utter imprecations ( هagainst s.o.) III لغمlugm, lagam pl. الغامalgām mine
to utter the oath of condemnation (لعان لغمlagm and الغامilgām mining (e.g., of
li‘ān, q.v.) VI to curse each other a harbor, of a road, etc.)
2
لغمIV to amalgamate, alloy with mercury لفlaffa u (laff) to wrap up, roll up, fold up (هـ
s.th.); to wind, coil, spool, reel ( هـs.th.); to
لغامlugām foam, froth
wind ( على هـs.th. on; على هـs.th. around),
الغامilgām amalgamation twist, wrap, fold ( على هـs.th. around); to
لغمطlagmaṭa (eg.) to smear, sully, soil envelop ( بor في هـs.th. in or with), cover,
swathe, swaddle ( هـs.th. بor فيin or
( لغا )لغوlagā u (lagw) to speak; to be null; -- لغا with), wrap, infold ( بor في هـs.th. in); to
lagā u (lagw) and لغيlagiya a ( لغاlagan, connect ( ب هـs.th. with), join, attach (0 ب
لَغيةlāgiya, مَلغاةmalgāh) to talk nonsense; s.th. to); to grow densely, be overgrown,
to make mistakes (in speaking) sV to form a tangled mass; to make a round of
render ineffectual ( هـs.th.); to declare null calls ( علىon), visit ( علىpeople); (eg.) to
and void or invalid, invalidate, nullify, go around s.th. ()هـ, go about s.th. ( )هـin a
annul, abolish, abrogate, eliminate (هـ roundabout way, make a detour, beat
s.th.), do away ( هـwith s.th.); to cancel (هـ about the bush │ ( لف لفهlaffahū) to do just
a project); to withdraw ( هـpermission, a like s.o., be of the same kind as s.o.,
motion) belong to the same sort as s.o. II to wrap
لغوlagw foolish talk; nonsense; null, up or infold tightly V to wrap o.s. up (في
nugatory, ineffectual; mistake, blunder, in), cover o.s. ( فيwith) VIII do.; to wind,
ungrammatical language twist, coil; to turn, make a turn
(automobile, etc.); to intertwine, grow in a
لغةluga pl. -āt language; dialect; idiom; tangled mass; to gather, assemble, rally (
vernacular; lingo, jargon; word; حولaround); to clasp, enclose, encircle,
expression, term; اللغةclassical Arabic │ embrace ( بs.th.)
( لغة اجنبيةajnabīya) foreign language; لغة
‘( عامَيةāmmīya) popular language; لغة الكناية لفlaff winding, coiling; wrapping,
literary language; لغة المحادثةl. al- enfolding; rolling, folding; (eg.)
muḥādata colloquial language; لغة المهنةl. circumambience, circumvention, detour,
al-mihna professional jargon, slang; لغة roundabout way, subterfuge, dodge,
المولدl. al-maulid mother 870 tongue; اهل excuses; pl. الفافalfāf swaddling clothes,
اللغةahl al-l. philologists, lexicographers; diapers │ ( اللف والدورانdawarān) detours
‘ علم اللغةilm al-l. lexicography, philology, and evasions; ( لف ونشرnašr) folding and
linguistic science, linguistics unfolding; involution and evolution
(rhet.); مَن غير لفwithout much ado,
لغوةlagwa dialect, idiom, vernacular without ceremony
لغويlugawī linguistic; philologic(al); لفliff pl. الفافalfāf densely growing
lexicographic(al); philologist, trees; pl. thicket, scrub, undergrowth,
lexicographer, linguist; لغوياتlinguistic brushwood
matters, philologica
لفةlaffa pl. -āt turn, rotation, revolution;
إلغاءilgā’ abolishment, abolition, coil, twist, convolution, whorl, spire;
abrogation, repeal, elimination, winding; roll, scroll; pack, packet,
cancellation, revocation, rescission; package, bundle, bale; turban │ لفة بريدية
annulment, nullification, quashing; (barīdīya) postal package; لفات مَن الرق
countermand (raqq) parchment scrolls
لَغlāgin abrogated, repealed, annulled, لفافةlifāfa pl. -āt, لفائفlafā’if wrapping,
canceled, invalid, ineffective, null and covering, cover, envelope; wrapper, wrap;
void altar cloth, cloth covering the paten and
لَغيةlāgiya grammatical mistake, chalice (Copt.-Chr.); bandage; swaddling
incorrect usage band; puttee; cigarette (also لفافة مَن التبغ
min at-tibg); pl. ( لفائفfig.) guise (of s.th.)
مَلغىmulgan abrogated, repealed,
annulled, canceled, invalid, void; لفيفlafīf gathered, assembled;
abolished; expired; suppressed; negligible crowded, thronging; multitude, crowd,
swarm, body, cluster, group ( مَنof
people); mixed company │ لفيف الناسmob, to look around, glance around; to peer
rabble, riffraff; ( اللفيف الجنبيajnabī) the around │ ( تلفت حولهḥaulahū) to look
Foreign Legion around, glance around; تلفت يمنة ويسرة
(yamnatan wa-yasratan) he looked to the
لفيفةlafīfa bundle; package, pocket,
right and left VIII to turn, turn around,
pack; cigarette
turn one’s face ( الىto); to wheel around,
الفalaff2 f. لفاءlaffā’2 stout, plump turn around; to address o.s. ( الىto); to pay
(figure, body) attention, attend ( الىto), heed, observe,
مَلفmilaff pl. -āt reel, spool; coil (el.); bear in mind, consider, take into account,
winding; wrapping, covering, casing; take into consideration ( الىs.th.); to take
blanket, sleeping blanket; cover, wrapper, care ( الىof), care ( الىfor) │ التفت حوله
jacket (of a book, etc.); (letter) envelope; (ḥaulahū) to look around, glance about X
folder, portfolio; letter file; 871 dossier │ to attract ( هـthe eye, attention); to claim,
O مَلف التأثيرinduction coil (el.); O مَلف arouse, awaken ( هـthe interest, the
( ابتدائيibtidā’ī) primary coil (el.); O مَلف attention, مَنof s.o.) │ ( استلفت نظرهor
خانقchoking coil, choke (el.) )انظارهto arouse or attract s.o.’s attention,
catch s.o.’s eye
مَلفافmilfāf wrapping, covering, cover
لفتlift turnip (Brassica rapa L.; bot.)
تلفيفtalfīf pl. تلفيفtalāfīf2 winding;
coil, twist, convolution, whorl, spire; pl. لفتةlafta (n. un.) turnabout, about-face;
تلفيفexpletive after في, e.g., في تلفيف (pl. lalatāt) turn, turning; gesture;
( سويدائهاsuwaidā’ihā) in the depth of her sideglance, glance, a furtive, casual, or
heart; ( في تلفيف الظلمẓalām) in the dark; quick, look
بين تلفيفهin it, inside it, around in it لفاتlafāt and لفوتlafūt ill-tempered,
التفافiltifāf turn; bypassing, surly, sullen
outflanking, sank movement, الفتalfat2, f. لفتاءlaftā’2, pl. لفتluft left-
envelopment, surrounding handed
مَلفوفmalfūf wound, coiled; wrapped التفاتiltifāt turn, inclination, turning (الى
up ( فيin); rolled up, rolled together, to, toward); attention, notice, heed; regard,
convolute; twisted, wound ( علىaround); consideration; care, solicitude; sudden
fastened, attached ( علىto); swathed ( بin transition (styl.) │ بدون الَلتفاتbi-dūn l-ilt.
or with); plump, stout (body); (syr.) inattentive(ly); بدون الَلتفات الى
cabbage inconsiderate of, without consideration
مَلتفmultaff winding, twisting, coiling; for; ‘ عدم الَلتفاتadam al-ilt. inattention;
wound, coiled; rolled up, rolled together, ( نظر اليه بعين الَلتفاتbi-‘ain l-ilt.) to give
convolute; spirally wound; intertwined, s.th. sympathetic consideration
interwoven, entwined; gathered, استلفاتةistilfāta (n. vic.) a turning ( الىto,
assembled, grouped ( حولaround); toward); turn of the face or eyes; side-
clasping, enclosing, embracing, encircling glance, glance
( بs.th.)
استلفاتistilfāt stimulation of attention
لفتlafata i (laft) and IV to turn, bend,
لافتةlāfita sign (bearing an inscription)
tilt, incline, direct ( الى هـs.th. to or
toward), focus ( الى هـs.th. on); to turn مَلفتmulfit: ( مَلفت للنظرnaẓar) attracting
sway, avert ( عن هـs.th. from) │ لفت نظره الى attention, striking, conspicuous
(naẓarahū), الفت نظره الىto turn one’s eyes مَلتفتmultafit turning around, looking (
or one’s attention to; to direct s.o.’s eyes الىat); regardful; attentive; heedful,
to, call s.o.’s attention to; لفت النظرto catch careful; considerate
the eye, attract attention; to be impressive,
stately, imposing; الفت النظرdo.; لفت الناسto لفحlafaḥa a (lafḥ, لفحانlafaḥān) to burn,
attract, interest, or captivate people V to scorch, sear ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.); -- (lafḥ) to
turn, turn around, turn one’s face ( الىto); 872 strike lightly; to touch, brush ( هـs.th.,
e.g., of the breath)
لفحةlafḥa pl. lafaḥāt fire, heat (esp., of تلفيقةtalfīqa pl. -āt invented story, fib,
fever) yarn
لفوحlafūḥ and لافحlāfiḥ pl. لوافحlawāfiḥ2 مَلفقmulaffaq invented, fabricated,
burning, scorching, searing trumped up, fake, fictitious; concocted,
contrived, devised; patched up, pieced
لفاحluffāḥ mandrake (Mandragora
together; embellished with lies
officinarum; bot.)
لفلفlaflafa to wrap up, envelop, cover (a s.th.)
لفظlafaẓa i (lafz) to emit ( هـ, بs.th.); to spit
II talaflafa to wrap o.s. up ( ب, فيin)
out ( هـ, بs.th.); to eject ( هـ, بs.th.); to
throw ( هs.o.) out ( مَنof); to speak, لفوIV to find ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.) VI to put right, to
enunciate, articulate; to pronounce, utter, right, repair, correct ( هـs.th.); to make
express, voice, say ( ه, بs.th.) │ لفظ النفس good ( هـa deficiency), eliminate, remove (
( الخيرnafas) to breathe one’s last, die, هـa danger); to remedy ( هـs.th.); to redress
expire; to be in the throes of death; لفظ ( هـa loss, and the like), make up ( هـfor a
( انفاسهanfāsahū) to be in the throes of loss)
death, breathe one’s last; لفظه لفظ النواة مَلفاةmulāfāh correction, adjustment,
(lafẓa n-nawāh) to spit s.th. out like a date elimination (of a deficiency)
pit, brush s.th. aside, reject s.th., dismiss
s.th. V to pronounce, enunciate, articulate تلفtalāfin repair, correction;
( بs.th.) elimination, removal (of a deficiency, of a
danger); remedy; redress, reparation
لفظlafẓ pl. الفاظalfāẓ sound-group,
phonetic complex; expression, term; لقبII to call, surname ( ب هs.o. by an agnomen
word; wording; formulation; articulation, or title) V to be surnamed ( بby an
enunciation, pronunciation; لفظاverbatim, agnomen or title)
literally │ ( لفظا ومَعنىma‘nan) in letter and لقبlaqab pl. القابalqāb agnomen;
spirit; ( أخطأ اللفظakṭa’a) to mispronounce nickname; title, honorific; last name,
لفظيlafẓī of or pertaining to words, surname, family name (as opposed to اسم
verbal; literal; pronounced; oral given name, first name) │ لقب البطولةtitle
of champion (in sports)
لفظةlafẓa pl. lafaẓāt word; utterance,
saying مَلقبmulaqqab surnamed, nicknamed,
called ( بby the laqab ...) 873
لفيظlafīẓ ejected, emitted; pronounced,
uttered لقحlaqaḥa a (laqḥ) and II to impregnate,
fecundate, pollinate ( هـs.th.); to graft, bud
تلفظtalaffuẓ pronunciation, enunciation, ( هـa tree); to inoculate, vaccinate ( هs.o.)
articulation VI to cross-pollinate
مَلفوظmalfūẓ ejected, emitted; لقحlaqḥ impregnation, fecundation,
pronounced, uttered pollination
لفعlafa‘a a (laf‘): لفع الشيب رأسهl. š-šaibu لقاحlaqāḥ seed, semen, sperm; pollen;
ra’sahū grey hair covered his bead II to infective agent, virus; vaccine │ لقاح
cover ( هـs.th., بwith) │ لفع الشيب رأسهl. š- الجدريl. al-judarī variolovaccine; O لقاح
šaibu ra’sahū = I; V and VIII to wrap o.s. الوقايةserum
up ( بin)
تلقيحtalqīḥ impregnation, fecundation,
مَلفعmilfa‘ head shawl, muffler pollination, grafting, budding; inoculation,
لفقII to invent, fabricate ( هـs.th.); to concoct, vaccination │ تلقيح الجدرىt. al-judarī
contrive, devise, think out ( هـs.th.); to vaccination (against smallpox)
falsify ( هـs.th.); to trump up ( هـs.th.); to دقيق اللواقحdaqīq al-lawāqiḥ2 pollen
patch up, piece together ( الىa s.th. with)
مَلقحmulaqqaḥ inoculated, vaccinated
تلفيقtalfīq invention, fabrication,
concoction, fibbing; falsification لقسlaqis: لقس النفسl. an-nafs annoyed,
cross
لقطlaqaṭa u (laqṭ) to gather, collect, feed bit by bit ( هs.o.); to load ( هـa
pick up from the ground, glean ( هـs.th.) II weapon; syr.) │ ( لقم القهوةqahwa) to stir
= I V to gather, glean ( هـs.th.); to pick up ( ground coffee into hot water IV to make (ه
هـs.th., also, e.g., with the ear) VIII = I; to s.o.) swallow; to feed bit by bit ( هs.o.)
receive ( هـradio waves, a radio message; VIII to devour, swallow up ( هـs.th.) لقمة
to take ( هـa picture; phot.) │ التقط صورة luqma pl. لقمluqam bite; bit, mouthful;
(ṣūra) to make a picture little piece, morsel │ لقمة سائغةtitbit,
choice morsel: ( جعله لقمة سائغة لja‘alahū)
لقطlaqaṭ that which ill picked up or
to make s.o. an easy prey of ...; لقمة القاضي
gathered, leftovers, gleanings
pastry of fine flour, fried in oil like
لقطةluqṭa that which ill picked up or doughnuts and sprinkled with sugar or
gleaned, gleanings; article or thing found; honey
(lucky) find; (eg.) bargain, pickup
لقيمةluqaima pl. -āt snack, bit, morsel
لقاطluqāṭ and لقاطةluqāṭa that which is
مَلقمmulaqqim pl. -ūn (syr.; mil.)
picked up or gleaned; leftover ears of
assistant gunner, loader, cannoneer no. 1
grain, gleanings; offal, refuse
2
لقميlaqmī or ( لاقميmagr.) palm wine 874
لقيطlaqīṭ pl. لقطاءluqatā’2 picked up,
3
found; foundling لقمانluqmān2 Lokman, a legendary sage and
author of numerous fables │ بقيت دار لقمان
لقيطةlaqīṭa (female) foundling
( على حالهاbaqiyat) everything has
مَلقطmilqaṭ pl. مَلاقطmalāqiṭ2 (pair of) remained as before
tongs, pincers; (pair of) tweezers, pincette;
لقنlaqina a ( لقانةlaqāna, لقانيةlaqāniya) to
(pair of) pliers │ مَلقط الجنينforceps; مَلقط
understand, grasp ( هـs.th.); to gather,
النارfire tongs
infer, note ( هـs.th.) II to teach ( هـ هs.o.
التقاطiltiqāt gathering, collection, s.th.), instruct ( هـ هs.o. in); to dictate (هـ ه
gleaning; taking up, picking up; reception to s.o. s.th.); to instill, infuse, inculcate,
(radio) │ جهاز الَلتقاطjahāẓ al-ilt. receiver inspire ( هـ هin s.o. s.th.), insinuate, suggest
(radio) ( هـ هto s.o. s.th.); to whisper ( هـ هto s.o.
لَقطlāqiṭ receiving (radio set); gleaner; s.th.), prompt ( هs.o.) V = I; to learn,
gatherer │ O لاقط الصوتl. aṣ-ṣaut pickup receive, get ( مَن هـs.th. from), be informed
(of a phonograph); phonograph; O لاقطة ( مَن هـof s.th. by)
اللغامmine sweeper لقانةlaqāna and لقانيةlaqāniya quick
مَلتقطmultaqiṭ finder understanding, grasp
نخسnakkās drover; cattle dealer; slave ندnadd high hill; -- nadd, nidd incense
trader; white slaver (of aloeswood, with ambergris, musk and
frankincense)
نخاسةnikāsa cattle trade; slave trade;
white-slave traffic ندnidd pl. اندادandād equal, (a)like,
same; an equal, a peer; partner; antagonist,
مَنخسminkas pl. مَناخسmanākis2 spur, rival
goad, prod (for driving cattle)
نديدnadīd pl. ندداءnudadā’2 equal; rival
مَنخاسminkās pl. مَناخيسmanākīs2 spur,
goad, prod (for driving cattle) تنديدtandīd pl. -āt criticism; revilement,
abuse, disparagement, defamation
نخشوشnakšūš pl. نخاشيشnakāšīš2 gill, branchia
(respiratory organ of fish) ندبnadaba u (nadb) to mourn, lament, bewail
( هthe deceased); to appoint, assign ( ل هs.o.
نخعV to clear one’s throat, hawk, spit out, to an office), detail ( ل هs.o. for a job, for a
expectorate task); to send as a representative or
نخاعnukā‘, nikā‘ pl. نخعnuku‘ spinal delegate, to delegate, depute, deputize (ه
marrow, spinal cord; bone marrow, s.o.); to commission, charge, entrust (ه
medulla; brain s.o., بwith); -- nadiba a (nadab) to scar
over, cicatrize, heal IV = nadiba VIII to
نخاعةnukā’a phlegm, mucus, sputum, appoint, assign ( ل هs.o. to an office), detail
expectoration ( ل هs.o. for a job, for a task); to
نخلnakala u (nakl) to sift, bolt, sieve out (هـ commission, charge, empower, authorize (
s.th.); to strain ( هـs.th.) V and VIII do. 949 ل هs.o. to do s.th., بwith), order ( ل هs.o.
to do s.th.); to entrust ( ل هto s.o. a task);
نخلnakl (coll.; n. un. )ةand نخيلnakīl
(mil.) to detach, detail, transfer ( ل هs.o.
palm; date palm
to); (with نفسهnafsahū) to apply o.s.,
نخالةnukāla residue left in a sieve; bran; devote o.s. dedicate o.s. ( لto s.th.); to
waste, refuse │ لَ يساوي مَلء اذنه نخالةlā give ( هـa country) the mandate ( علىover);
yusāwī mil’a udnihī nukālatan he isn’t to comply readily ( لwith an order or
worth a bent nickel instruction), be willing, be prepared, stand
مَنخلmankal, munkul pl. مَناخلmanākil2 ready ( لto); to present o.s. ( الىto s.o.),
sieve turn ( الىtoward, to)
ندبnadb weeping, wailing, مَنتدبmuntadab deputized, delegated;
lamentation; lament, dirge, elegy; commissioned, charged; entrusted;
assignment, commissioning, delegation, appointed; assigned, detailed │ دولة مَنتدبة
deputation; appointment, authorization, (daula) mandatory power
mandation ندحnadaḥa a (nadḥ) to extend, expand,
ندبnadab pl. اندابandāb, ندوبnudūb enlarge ( هـs.th.)
scar, cicatrice ندحةnadḥa, nudḥa wide, open space;
ندبةnadba pl. اندابandāb, ندوبnudūb freedom (of action) │ ( لَ ندحة عنهnadḥata)
scar, cicatrice; scabby wound it is indispensable, unavoidable,
inevitable; ( لَ اجد لي ندحة عنajidu,
ندبةnudba lamentation for the dead;
nadḥatan) I feel compelled to ...
elegy; dirge, funeral song
مَندوحةmandūḥa pl. مَنادحmanādiḥ2 and
ندابةnadāba pl. -āt hired female
مَنتدحmuntadaḥ alternative, choice;
mourner
freedom of action │ لَ مَندوحة له
مَندبmandab pl. مَنادبmanādib2 wail, (mandūḥata) it is indispensable,
lamentation │ باب المندبBab el Mandeb absolutely necessary, mandatory,
(strait between SW Arabia and Africa; imperative for him; ( لك عنه مَندوحة )مَنتدحit
geogr.) is up to you, it is optional for you; لو ير
انتدابintidāb deputation, appointment; ( مَندوحة مَنlam yara mandūḥatan) to feel
commissioning, charging, authorization; obligated, feel compelled to ...
detailing, detachment, assignment, 1
ندرnadara u (nadr, ندورnudūr) to be rare; to
mission; (pl. -āt) mandate (over a be uncommon, unusual; -- nadura u (ندارة
territory); mandatory rule │ دولة الَنتداب nadāra) to be strange, odd, queer, unusual,
daulat al-int. mandatory power; لجنة extraordinary V to make fun ( بor علىof);
الَنتداباتlajnat al-int. Mandate to joke, jest VI to tell each other stories
Commission (of the League of Nations) and jokes
950
ندرnadr rare; strange, odd
انتدابيintidābī mandatory │ ادارة انتدابية
ندرةnadra, nudra and ندورةnudūra
(idāra) mandatory administration
rarity, rareness; nadratan rarely, seldom │
نادبةnādiba pl. -āt, نوادبnawādib2 hired في الندرةrarely, seldom
female mourner
اندرandar pl. انادرanādir2 (tun.)
مَندوبmandūb bewailed, bemoaned, threshing floor
mourned, lamented; regrettable,
اندرandar2 rarer
deplorable, lamentable; -- (pl. -ūn) deputy,
delegate, agent, functionary, مَندرةmandara pl. مَنادرmanādir2 (tun.)
commissioner; representative; threshing floor; see also below
representative of the press, correspondent, مَنادراتmunādarāt causeries on
reporter (of a newspaper); plenipotentiary, amusing, witty topics
authorized agent; (Isl. Law) recommended
│ مَندوب التأمَينinsurance agent; مَندوب خاص تندرtanaddur amusement, fun-making,
(kaṣṣ) special envoy; ( مَندوب سامsāmin) joking
High Commissioner; مَندوب فوق العادة تنادرtanādur gay chat
ambassador extraordinary; مَندوب مَفوض
(mufawwaḍ) plenipotentiary, authorized نادرnādir rare; infrequent; strange, odd,
agent; (dipl.) minister; مَندوب فوق العادة ووزير unusual, uncommon; excellent, precious,
مَفوضambassador extraordinary and priceless; an eccentric, a crank, an odd
minister plenipotentiary (official title of fellow; نادراnādiran rarely, seldom │ في
ambassadors) النادرrarely, seldom; نادر المثالunparalleled,
singular, unique; ‘( عملة نادرةumla) specie,
مَندوبيةmandūbīya delegation; High hard money
Commission
نادرةnādira pl. نوادرnawādir2 rarity, مَندمmandam remorse, repentance,
rare thing, rare phenomenon; rare, regret
uncommon word; phenomenon, prodigy, مَنادمَةmunādama drinking
extraordinary person; funny, droll story, companionship, intimate friendship
anecdote, joke; accident, incident
2 تندمtanaddum remorse, repentance,
□ مَندرةmandara (for مَنظرة, esp. eg.) pl. مَنادر regret
manādir2 reception parlor for male
visitors; ( مَنادر )= مَجالسparties نادمnādim pl. ندامnuddām repenting,
repentant, rueful, remorseful, regretful
ندسnadasa u to throw down, bring to the
ground ( هs.o.); to revile, defame, discredit مَنادمmunādim drinking companion,
( هs.o.) boon companion, intimate
ندفnadafa i (nadf) to tease, comb, or card مَتندمmutanaddim repenting, repent, ant,
cotton 951 rueful, remorseful, regretful
ندفnadf teasing, combing, carding (of ندهnadaha a (nadh) to drive, urge, spur on (ه
cotton) │ جهاز الندفjahāz an-n. card, s.o.); to drive away ( هs.o.)
carding machine ( ندا )ندوnadā u (nadw) to call ( هs.o.); to invite;
ندفةnudfa pl. ندفnudaf flock (of wool); to call together, convoke, convene,
flake │ ندفة الثلجn. at-talj snowflake summon ( هـa meeting); to get together,
meet, convene, assemble, gather; -- ندي
نديفnadīf and مَندوفmandūf carded, nadiya a ( ندىnadan, نداوةnadāwa, ندوة
teased (cotton) nudūwa) to be moist, damp, dewy, wet │
ندافnaddāf cotton carder, cotton teaser شيء يندى له الجبينan embarrassing or
shocking thing, a disgraceful thing II to
مَندفmindaf pl. مَنادفmanādif2 teasing
moisten, wet, bedew ( هـs.th.) III to shout,
bow (for carding cotton)
call out, cry out, exclaim; to call ( بor ه
ندلnadala u (nadl) to snatch away ( هـs.th.) s.o. or for s.o., also )على, summon ( هs.o.,
□ ندلnadl = نذل also ;)علىto call out, shout ( هto s.o.); to
call for s.th. ()ب, invite to s.th. ( ;)بto
مَندالةmindāla rammer proclaim, announce ( بs.th.); to
نادلnādil pl. ندلnudul waiter; servant emphasize ( بs.th.); O to announce, act as
who waits on table announcer (radio); to cry one’s wares,
2
مَندلmandal: ضرب المندلḍarb al-m. (eg.) a hawk ( علىs.th. to be sold) │ نودي به رئيسا
magic practice in which a fortuneteller, or (nūdiya) to be proclaimed president IV =
a medium, prophesies while II; to be noble, generous, magnanimous V
contemplating a mirror-like surface to he moistened, he bedewed; to show o.s.
generous, liberal, openhanded VI and VIII
مَنديلlook up alphabetically to get together, meet, convene, gather,
ندمnadima a (nadam, ندامَةnadāma) to repent ( assemble, form a club
علىof), rue, regret ( علىs.th.) III to drink, ندوةnadwa council; debating group,
carouse ( هwith s.o.) V = I VI to drink study group; club │ دار الندوةcity hall,
together, carouse together town hall; parliament, house of
ندمnadam, ندامَةnadāma remorse, representatives, chamber of deputies
repentance, regret ندوةnudūwa and نداوةnadāwa
2
نديمnadīm pl. ندمَاءnudamā’ , ندامnidām moistness, moisture, dampness
drinking companion; friend, intimate, ندىnadan pl. انداءandā’, انديةandiya
confidant moistness, moisture, dampness, wetness;
ندمَانnadmān pl. ندامَىnadāmā dew; generosity, liberality, magnanimity
repenting, repentant, rueful, remorseful, 952
regretful
ندnadin and نديانnadyān2 moist, damp to o.s., make the solemn pledge to ...; --
│ ندم الكفal-kaff generous, liberal, nadira a (nadar) to have been warned, be
openhanded on one’s guard ( بagainst) IV to warn (ب ه
s.o. of or against), caution ( ب هs.o.
ندىnadīy moist, damp; tender, delicate
against), admonish ( هs.o.); to announce (ب
│ ندى الكفal-kaff generous, liberal,
هto s.o. s.th.), give notice or warning (ب ه
openhanded
to s.o. of), notify in advance ( هs.o., بof)
نداءnidā’ pl. -āt shout; call; │ ( انذره بتسليم مَنزلهbi-taslīmi manzilihī) he
exclamation; summons; public gave him notice to vacate the premises
announcement; proclamation, appeal;
نذرnadr pl. نذورnudur, نذوراتnudūrāt
address; vocative (gram.) │ نداء الَستغاثة
vow, solemn pledge; votive offering, ex-
call for help, distress signal; حرف النداء
voto
ḥarf an-n. interjection (gram.); اصدر نداء ل
(aṣdara) to issue s proclamation to نذيرnadīr pl. نذرnudur consecrated to
God; vowed, solemnly pledged; warner;
مَناداةmunādāh calling, shouting; call;
herald, harbinger, forerunner; warning;
vocative; public notice, announcement;
alarm │ O نذير الخطرn. al-kaṭar airraid
proclamation │ بيع المناداةbai‘ al-m. public
warning
sale, auction
انذارindār pl. -āt warning;
نادnādin pl. انديةandiya, نوادnawādin
announcement, notice; admonition; air-
club; circle; association; clubhouse │ ناد
raid warning, alarm │ O انذار بوقوع غارات
( رياضيriyāḍī) athletic club; دار النادي
( جويةbi-wuqū’ gārāt jawwiya) or انذار
clubhouse
( للخطار الجويةli-l-akṭār) air-raid warning; ان
مَندىmunaddan wet, damp; bedewed, ( ذار نهائيnihā’ī) ultimatum; O صفارة النذار
dewy; refreshing ṣaffārat al-i. warning siren
مَنادmunādin caller; herald; town crier; تناذرtanādur syndrome (med.)
auctioneer; O announcer (radio)
ناذرnādir one who has made a vow
مَنذورmandūr solemnly pledged,
vowed, consecrated to God
مَنذرmundir warner, cautioner
مَنذرةmundira alarm signal; warning
sign ( بagainst)
نذلnadula u ( نذالةnadāla, نذولةnudūla) to be
low, base, mean, vile, despicable, debased,
depraved
نذلnadl pl. انذالandāl, نذولnudūl low,
base, mean, vile, despicable, debased,
depraved; coward
مَنادىmunādan noun in the vocative
(gram.) نذيلnadīl pl. نذلاءnudalā’ 2, نذالnidāl
low, base, mean, vile, despicable, debased,
مَنديةmundiya pl. -āt disgraceful, evil
depraved; coward
deed; insult, abuse, affront
نذالةnadāla depravity
l.s.J.::... muntadan pl. u4,.J.::...o
muntadayāt gathering place, assembly نربيجnarbīj pl. نرابيجnarābīj2 mouthpiece of a
room; club narghile 953
نذرnadara u i (nadr, نذورnudūr) to dedicate, نربيشnarbīš pl. نرابيشnarābīš2 mouthpiece of
consecrate ( لs.th. to God); to vow, make a narghile
a vow │ نذرت ل انI vow to God that ..., I نرجسnarjis, nirjis narcissus (bot.)
swear by God that ...; نذر على نفسه هـto vow
نردnard backgammon, tricktrack نزعnaza‘a i (naz‘) to pull out, extract (
هـs.th.); to remove, take, take away, strike,
نردينnardīn nard, spikenard
cross off ( عن هـs.th. from); to take off,
نرفزةnarfaza nervousness shed ( هـa garment); to strip, divest,
مَنرفزmunarfaz (pal.-syr.) nervous deprive, rob ( هـ مَنor عنs.o. of s.th.); to
wrest, take away ( هـ مَنfrom s.o. s.th.,
نرنجnaranj bitter orange possession, right, reputation, etc.); to
نروجnurūj, narūj Norway remove ( هs.o. from a position), depose,
dismiss, fire, cashier, demote, reduce in
نرويجnurwīj Norway rank ( هs.o.); to adduce as proof or in
نرويجيnurwījī Norwegian refutation ( بs.th.); (intr.) to move,
proceed, go, betake o.s., repair ( الىto); to
نزnazza i (nazz, نزيزnazīz) to seep, trickle,
emigrate ( الىto); -- ( نزوعnuzū‘) to desire (
ooze, or leak, through; to vibrate (string)
الىs.th.), wish, long, yearn, pine ( الىfor);
نزnazz, nizz, نزازةnuzāza pl. نزوزnuzūz to incline, tend, have an inclination or a
seepage, leakage water tendency ( الىto); to take on, take over,
نزnazz swift, nimble, agile, lively, adopt ( الىs.th.), resort ( الىto; e.g., to a
sprightly; changeable, inconstant, method); to absent o.s., depart (or from);
unsteady, fickle to desist, abstain, refrain (or from), keep
clear ( عنof), give up, avoid, eschew (عن
نزةnazza, nizza (sensuous) passion, lust s.th.); to be in the throes of death │ نزع مَنه
نزيزnazīz unsteady, inconstant, ( نازع الىnāzi‘un) he felt a desire for ...,
unstable; sensuous, passionate discovered his inclination to ... II to
remove, take away ( هـs.th.) III to fight,
نزحnazaḥa a i (nazḥ, نزوحnuzūḥ) to be far off, struggle, contend, dispute ( هwith s.o.),
be distant; to leave ( مَنs.th.), depart, combat ( هـs.th.); to contest, challenge (في
emigrate (or from); to immigrate ( الىto); s.th.); to attempt to wrest ( هـ هfrom s.o.
to wander, migrate, rove, roam, range; O s.th.), contest ( هـ هs.o.’s right to s.th.); to
to march off, pull out (troops); pass. نزح به be in the throes of death VI to contend
nuziḥa bihī to emigrate, be away from with one another; to rival ( هـfor s.th.),
home, live abroad; -- (nazḥ) and IV to contest each other’s right ( هـto), carry on
scoop out, bail out, empty ( هـs.th.); to a 954 dispute, be at variance ( هـover) VIII
drain, dry out ( هـa well, a ditch, a latrine, to pull out, extract, pluck out, tear out (هـ
and the like) VIII to emigrate s.th. .i- from); to match, wrest ( هـ مَنfrom
نزحnazḥ scooping out, emptying; 1.o. s.th.), tear away, pull off ( مَن هـs.th.
draining, drainage from); to take, draw, borrow ( هـs.th.); to
be removed, be taken away
نزحnazaḥ pl. انزاحanzāḥ muddy water
نزعnaz‘ removal; withdrawal,
نزوحnuzūḥ emigration
elimination; deposition, removal from
نزوحnazūḥ and نزيحnazīḥ far-off, office; death struggle, agony of death │ نز
faraway, distant, remote ع السلحdisarming, disarmament; مَؤتمر نزع
نازحnāziḥ far-off, faraway, distant, السلحmu’tamar n. as-s. disarmament
remote; going away from home, moving conference; نزع الملكيةn. al-milkīya
to other lands, leaving for distant shores, expropriation
emigrating; emigrant; one who scoops out, نزعةnaz‘a pl. naza‘āt inclination,
bails out or empties, a latrine cleaner tendency, leaning; attitude, position, stand
نزرnazr and نزيرnazīr little; insignificant, نزوعnuzū‘ striving, endeavor, longing,
trivial, petty; trifle, small amount, wish, desire ( الىfor)
insignificant number, negligible portion │
نزاعnazzā‘ tending, having an
نزر الحديثtaciturn, of few words; نزر قليل
inclination ( الىto), leaning ( الىtoward)
tiny amount
نزيعnazī‘ pl. نزاعnuzzā‘ stranger
مَنزعmanza‘ pl. مَنازعmanāzi‘ intent, draw, extract ( مَن هـs.th. from); to exhaust,
intention, purpose; aim, end, objective, consume, use up, swallow up, devour (هـ
goal; way, method; manner, behavior s.th.)
مَنزعminza‘ arrow نزفnazf exhaustion, draining,
emptying; hemorrhage; loss of blood │ O
نزاعnizā‘ fight, struggle, strife, contest,
( النزف الدمَويdamawī) hemophilis (med.)
controversy; dispute; death struggle,
agony of death │ ( بل نزاعbi-lā) نزفةnuzfa small quantity, modicum (of
indisputably, incontestibly, a liquid)
incontrovertibly, indubitably, undeniably; نزيفnazīf weakened by loss of blood;
عليه نزاعdisputed, contested, debatable; َل bleeding, effusion of blood; hemorrhage,
( نزاع فيهnizā‘a) undisputed, uncontested, hemorrhea (med.)
unquestioned
مَنزوفmanzūf exhausted through loss
مَنازعةmunāza‘a pl. -āt tight, struggle, of blood 955
strife, contention, controversy, quarrel,
dissension, discord; dispute; matter in نزقnazaqa i (nazq) and naziqa a (nazaq, نزوق
controversy, case at issue (before a court nuzūq) to storm ahead, rush forward; to be
of justice) hasty, rash, precipitate, impetuous,
lightheaded, frivolous, reckless, ruthless,
تنازعtanāzu‘ tight, struggle, strife, II to spur on, urge on ( هـa horse)
contention, controversy │ تنازع البقاءt. al-
baqā’ struggle for existence نزقnazaq haste; rashness,
precipitateness, impetuosity;
انتزاعintizā‘ removal, withdrawal, lightheadedness, recklessness,
elimination; dispossession, expropriation thoughtlessness, frivolity
نازعةnāzi‘a pl. نوازعnawāzi‘ tendency, نزقnaziq hasty; rash, precipitate,
inclination, leaning impetuous; thoughtless, heedless, careless,
مَنزوعmanzū‘ removed, taken away │ inattentive, lightheaded, frivolous, flighty,
( مَنطقة مَنزوعة السلحminṭaqa) demilitarized superficial
zone نزكnazaka u (nazk) to stab, pierce ( هs.o.)
مَنازعmunāzi‘ struggling with death, نيزكnaizak pl. نيازكnayāzik2 short
being in the throes of death; contending, lance; shooting star, meteor
fighting, militant, litigious, renitent │ ليس
مَن مَنازع فيno one will deny that ... نزلnazala i ( نزولnuzūl) to dismount, alight; to
descend, go down, come down, move
مَنازع عليهmunāza‘ ‘alaihi contested, down, get down, step down, climb down;
disputed, debatable to get off (مَن, e.g., a train), get out, step
مَتنازعmutanāzi‘ conflicting, clashing out (مَن, e.g., of a car), debark, disembark (
مَنfrom a vessel); to put down, land
( مَتنازع عليهmutanāza‘) and مَتنازع فيه
(airplane); to fall (rain); to descend from
contested, disputed, debatable; litigated
heaven, be revealed (esp., the Koran); to
matter, matter in controversy, case at issue
fall, sink, sag (prices), drop (water level);
مَنتزعmuntaza‘ taken, drawn ( مَنfrom) to subside, abate, let up, decrease; to stop,
نزغnazg and نزغةpl. nazagāt incitement to or halt, for a rest, to camp; to stop, stop
evil │ نزغ الشيطانn. aš-šaiṭān insinuations over, put up, take up quarters, take
of the devil, satanic inspiration lodgings, lodge, room, stay to live ( علىor
بat s.o.’s home, also )عند, live, dwell (هـ
نزفnazafa i (nazf) to drain, exhaust, empty (هـ in a place), inhabit ( هـa place); to step into
s.th.); to dry up ( هـa well); to draw off (هـ the arena, take the field, meet an opposing
blood); to be drained, exhausted, spent; team (sports); to give in, yield ( علىe.g., to
pass. نزف دمَهnuzifa damuhū to lose much s.o.’s pleas); to give up, renounce, resign (
blood, bleed (to death) IV to drain, empty عن لs.th. in s.o.’s favor), cede, waive,
( هـa well); to be exhausted X to drain off, relinquish, abandon ( عنs.th.); to resign (
عنfrom); to refrain ( عنfrom), forgo (عن place); to unload ( هـs.th.); to take ashore (
s.th.); to descend, come ( بupon s.o.; الى البر هـilā l-barr s.th. from a vessel); to
misfortune, punishment, etc.), befall, hit, land, put ashore, disembark, debark (هـ
afflict ( بs.o.; misfortune), happen, occur troops); to lower, strike ( هـa flag); to
( بto s.o.); to fall ( علىupon s.o.), attack, abase, degrade; to lower, decrease,
assail, assault ( علىs.o.); to enter, embark ( diminish, reduce ( الى هـnumber, price, etc.,
علىupon s.th.), set out ( علىto do s.th.), to); to cause ( هـ بto s.o. loss), inflict (هـ ب
tackle, attack ( علىs.th.), pounce ( علىon upon s.o. a loss); to compel, force, coerce
s.th.); (with ب:) to take, bring, lead, etc., ( على هs.o. to) │ مَا انزل ا به مَن سلطان
s.o. or s.th. down ( الىto); -- nazila a (نزلة (sulṭān) (lit.: God has given it no power,
nazla) to have a cold │ ( نزل الى البرbarr) i.e.) futile, vain, fruitless, unavailing,
to disembark, go ashore, land; نزل الى unfounded, absurd, preposterous,
( الميدانmaidān) to take the field; نزل دون completely arbitrary, random; انزل الى البحر
( مَننلتهmanzilatihī) to sink below one’s (baḥr) to launch ( هـa ship); انزلوهم ضيوفا
level; ( نزل ضيفا علىḍaifan) to avail o.s. of ( عليهمḍuyūfan) they took them in as
s.o.’s hospitality, stay as a guest with s.o.; guests; ( انزل به خسارة قادحةkusāratan
( نزل على حكمهḥukmihī) to defer, give in, fāḍiḥatan) to inflict a heavy loss on s.o.; ان
yield, submit to s.o.; to comply with the ( زله مَنزلة فلنmanzilata f.) he had him
standard of s.th.; ( نزل عند ارادتهirādatihī) to occupy the same position as, gave him the
defer to s.o.’s will, do s.o.’s bidding; نزل same status as, made him equal in rank
(( عند رغبته )طلبهragbatihī, ṭalabihī) to with V to lower o.s., stoop, condescend (
comply with, or fulfill, s.o.’s wish or الىto s.th.); to abase o.s., humble o.s.,
demand; ( مَنزلاmanzilan) to occupy a place demean o.s., eat crow; to give up,
or position, get to a place or into a renounce, resign, waive, forgo ( عنs.th.),
position; ( نزل مَنزله اللئقmanzilahū) to refrain ( عنfrom) VI to give up, renounce,
occupy one’s due place; نزل مَنزلة فلن resign, waive, forgo ( عن لs.th. in favor
(manzilata f.) to hold the position of, serve of), refrain ( عنfrom), yield, surrender,
as II to cause to come down; to make (ه abandon, relinquish ( عنs.th.); to cede ( عن
s.o.) descend, dismount, or step down; to لs.th. to); to leave, assign, transfer, make
lower, let down ( هـs.th., e.g., a bucket, a over ( عن لs.th. to); to lower o.s., stoop,
curtain, etc.); to send down ( على هـa condescend; to deign; to dismount, or line
revelation to a prophet), reveal ( هـs.th.); to up, for battle │ تنازل )تنزل( عن العرش ل
take down, put down ( هـs.th.); to lower, (‘arš) to abdicate in favor of; تنازل عن
decrease, diminish, lessen, minimize, ( مَنصبmanṣib) to lay down an office,
curtail, reduce ( هـor مَنs.th.); to dip, tilt ( resign from office X to ask ( هs.o.) to step
هـs.th.); to lower, strike ( هـa flag); to down; to call down, invoke ( هـs.th.); to
relieve, divest, discharge ( عن هـs.o. of), make ( هs.o.) descend; to call upon s.o. ()ه
depose, dethrone ( عن العرش هs.o.); to to waive or forgo ( عنs.th.); to force ( هthe
unload ( هـs.th.); to grant hospitality ( هto beleaguered) to surrender; to deduct,
s.o.). receive hospitably, take in, put up, subtract (~ 0 s.th. from)
lodge, accumulate ( هs.o.); to deduct نزلnazl pl. نزولnuzūl, نزلnuzûl
subtract ( هـ مَنs.th. from); to insert, inlay ( quarters, lodging; hotel, inn; -- (pl. نزول
في هـs.th. in. e.g., ivory in wood); (Tun.) to nuzūl) small tribal unit (of Bedouins);
cede ( هـs.th.) on the basis of inzāl (q.v.) │ camp, camp site (of nomads, gypsies)
( نزل درجتهdarajatahū) to demote s.o.,
reduce s.o. in rank III to get into a fight, نزلnuzl pl. انزالanzāl food served to a
join issue, clash ( هwith s.o.) IV to bring guest
down, take down; to cause to descend, نزلةnazla putting up, stopping, stop,
dismount, or step down; to send down. stay, arrival │ نزلة الحجal-ḥajj (eg.) festival
reveal (956 على هs.th. to s.o.; of God); to of the return of the mahmal from Mecca
bestow, grant, give ( هـs.th.; of God); to (celebrated in the months of Safar or
make ( هs.o.) alight, stop, halt, camp, put Rabia I)
up, tab up quarters, live, stay, abide ( هـin a
نزلةnazla pl. nazalāt cold; catarrh │ نزالnizāl and مَنازلةmunāzala lining up
( نزلة شعبيةšu‘abīya) bronchial catarrh; نزلة for battle; encounter, battle, fight
( صدريةṣadrīya) bronchitis; نزلة وافدة انزالinzāl bringing down, lowering;
influenza (med.) landing, debarkation, disembarkation;
نزالةnizāla settlement, colony ejaculation of sperm; (pl. -āt) lease
contract for life over a habous estate
نزولnuzūl descending, descent;
(Tun.) │ ( انزال الى البحرbaḥr) launching (of
dismounting. alighting; getting off or out
a ship); ‘( انزال الى العملamal)
(of a vehicle), disembarkation,
commissioning (of a ship)
debarkation; landing (of an airplane);
arrival; putting up, stopping, stop, تنازلtanāzul condescension; yielding,
stopover, stay; cession, surrender, relenting; relinquishment, surrender,
relinquishment, renunciation, resignation; waiver, renunciation; transfer, assignment,
falling, fall, drop; sinking; decline in cession; resignation, abdication; lining up
prices, price slump │ نزولَ علىaccording for battle; struggle, fight, battle │ عدم
to, in accordance with, in deference to; ‘ التنازلadam at-t. relentlessness,
( نزولا عند رغبتهragbatihī) in compliance intransigence; ‘ عقد التنازلaqd at-t. deed of
with his wish, in deference to his wish, at cession
his request; ( نزولا عند طلبهṭalabihī) in استنزالistinzāl deduction, discount
compliance with his demand, in
accordance with his request; نزول المطرn. نازلnāzil living, resident
al-maṭar rainfall نازلةnāzila pl. نوازلnawāzil occurrence,
نزوليnuzūlī relative to decline (in event; mishap, accident, calamity, reverse,
prices and stocks), recessive, falling, blow of fate; (tun.) (judicial) case, legal
sinking action │ ( نازلة مَدنيةmadanīya; tun.) civil
action; ( اوراق نازلةtun.) records of a
نزيلnazīl pl. نزلاءnuzalā’2 guest; lawsuit; قسم النوازلqism an-n. (tun.)
stranger; lodger, boarder; inmate; division for contentious matters (of a court
occupant, tenant of justice); ( قام بنازلةtun.) to take legal
مَنزلmanzil pl. مَنازلmanāzil2 stopping action, commence a lawsuit
place, way station, camp site; apartment, مَنزولmanzūl (eg.) a kind of narcotic
fiat; house; lunar phase; see also under
verb I │ مَنزل الَستراحةresthouse; مَنازل اللهو مَنزوليmanzūlī (egs.) narcotic addict,
واللعبm. al-lahw wa-l-la‘b amusement dope addict
centers; اهل المنزلahl al-m. household, مَنزلmunazzal inlaid (with ivory or a
family; صاحب المنزلlandlord 957 precious metal)
مَنزليmanzilī domestic, house (adj.); مَنزلmunzal sent down (from heaven),
private; household (adj.) revealed
مَنزلةmanzila degree, grade, rank; مَتنازلmutanāzil abdicating, resigning;
position, status, standing; dignity; see also one who waives, cedes or asap a right,
under verb I and IV assignor
تنزيلtanzīl sending down, bringing مَستنزلmustanzil lessee on the basis of
down; revelation, inspiration; reduction, inzāl (Tun.; see above)
diminution, lowering, lessening, decrease;
-- (pl. -āt) reduction (of prices); نزنزto rock, dandle (a baby)
subtraction (arith.); deduction, discount; نزهnazuha u ( نزاهةnazāha) to be far ( عنfrom),
inlaying, inlay work │ تنزيل الرتبةt. ar- be untouched. unblemished ( عنby), be
rutba or تنزيل المقامt. al-maqām, demotion, free ( عنfrom); to steer clear ( عنof), keep
reduction in rank; ( تنزيل نقديnaqdī) away, refrain ( عنfrom, esp., from a base
currency devaluation or dishonorable action); -- naziha a to be
respectable, honorable, decent II to deem
or declare ( هs.o.) above s.th. ( )عنV =
nazuha; to be (far) above s.th. ( ;)عنto go impetuosity, violence, vehemence; fit,
for a walk, take a walk, promenade, stroll attack, paroxysm; sudden mood, caprice,
about; to go out, to amuse o.s., enjoy o.s., whim
have a good time 2
نازيand نازيةlook up alphabetically
نزهnazih and نزيهnazīh pl. نزهاء نسأnasa’a a ( نسءnas’) to put off,
nuzahā’2, نزاهnizāh pure, chaste, postpone, delay, defer, procrastinate (هـ
blameless, above reproach, of s.th.), -- ( نساءnasā’) to allow ( هs.o.) time
unblemished record, decent, honorable, to pay, grant ( هs.o.) credit IV = I
respectable; honest, upright. righteous;
scrupulous, correct; impartial نساءnasā’ long life, longevity
نزهnazah and نزاهةnazāha purity, نساءnisā’ women, see نسو
blamelessness, honesty; uprightness, نسيئةnasī’a credit, delay of payment,
righteousness, probity, integrity, nasī’atan on credit
respectability; impartiality
مَنسأةminsa’a stick, staff
نزهةnuzha pl. نزهnuzah, -āt walk,
stroll, promenade; pleasure ride; outing, نسبnasaba u i (nasab, نسبةnisba) to relate,
excursion, pleasure trip; recreation; refer ( الى هـs.th. to), link, correlate, bring
amusement. entertainment, diversion, fun; into relation ( الى هـs.th. with), to trace ( الى
excursion spot, picnic ground, sight- هـs.th. to s.o. as the originator, الى هs.o.’s
seeing spot, tourist attraction 958 ancestry to); to ascribe, attribute, impute.
lay ( لor الى هـs.th. to s.o.), charge ( لor الى
مَنزهةmanzaha pl. مَنازهmanāzih2 هـwith s.th. s.o.), accuse ( لor الى هـof s.th.
recreation ground, park, garden s.o.) III to stand in the same relationship (ه
تنزيهtanzīh elimination of to s.o.); to correspond ( ه, هـto s.o., to
anthropomorphic elements from the s.th.), tally ( هـwith s.th.), to suit, fit ( ه,هـ
conception of deity, deanthropomorphism s.o., s.th.), go ( ه, هـwith), become, befit,
(theol.) behoove ( هs.o.); to harmonize, agree, be
in keeping, be compatible, consistent (هـ
تنزهtanazzuh pl. -āt walk, stroll, with), to be similar ( ه, هـto s.o., to s.th.),
promenade resemble ( ه, هـs.o., s.th.), be like s.o. or
مَنزهmunazzah infallible, free (عن s.th. ( ه, ;)هـto be in agreement, in
from), (far) above s.th. ()عن conformity, in accordance. to tally, check (
هـwith), be conformable ( هـto), to be of
مَتنزهmutanazzih pl. -ūn walker, stroller,
the same family ( هas), be or become
promenader; excursionist
related by marriage ( هto) VI to be related
مَتنزهmutanazzah promenade, walk, to one another, be relatives; to be alike, be
stroll, park akin, be mutually corresponding, be
مَنتزهmuntazah pl. -āt promenade, walk, interrelated, be in agreement or
stroll; recreation ground; park conformity, be in the right proportion, be
1
proportionate, match, fit together, go
( نزا )نزوnazā u ( نزوnazw, nuzūw, نزوان together; to be in agreement, in
nazawān) to spring, jump, leap, bound; -- conformity, in accordance, to tally, check (
( نزوانnazawān) to escape ( عنs.th.) │ نزا مَعwith), be conformable ( مَعto) VIII to be
( به قلبه الىqalbuhū) to long, yearn for V to related ( الىto s.o.); to derive one’s origin (
spring, jump, leap, bound; to be in a state الىfrom), trace one’s ancestry ( الىto), to
of great commotion, be violently agitated, derive one's name ( الىfrom), be named (
to heave, tremble (breast) الىafter), to belong, pertain, be relative (
نزوانnazawān sally, sortie; outburst, الىto), to be associated ( الىwith), belong (
outbreak, eruption الىto a clan, a party, a faction, etc.); to
attach o.s. ( الىto), associate, affiliate (الى
نزوةnazwa pl. nazawāt (n. vic.) jump, with), to join ( الىe.g., a political party), to
leap, bound; sally, sortie; outburst, be admitted ( الىto a community), be
outbreak, eruption; surge, dare, dare-up;
affiliated ( الىwith, esp., as an bearing, relevancy, pertinence; link;
extraordinary, not a full, member) X to connection; occasion, opportunity │ في
trace back the ancestry ( هof s.o.), to deem مَناسبةor لمناسبةor بمناسبةon the occasion of;
959 proper ( هـs.th.), approve ( هـof), بهذه المناسبةin this connection; لهذه المناسبة
sanction, condone ( هـs.th.) due to these circumstances, for this
reason, therefore, consequently, hence; في
نسبnasab pl. اناسبanāsib lineage,
كل مَناسبةwhenever an opportunity arises,
descent; origin. extraction, derivation,
at every suitable occasion
provenience; kinship, relationship,
affinity, relationship by marriage │ سلسلة تناسبtanāsub proportional relation,
النسبsilsilat an-n. family tree, pedigree, proportionality; proportionateness,
ancestral line, genealogy; علماء النساب balance, evenness; uniformity; regularity,
‘ulamā’ al-a. genealogists symmetry; harmony; O proportion,
mathematical equation; reciprocal
نسبةnisba ascription, attribution,
relationship, interrelation; link, connection
imputation; kinship, relationship, affinity,
│ ‘ عدم التناسبadam at-t. disproportion
relationship by marriage; connection, link;
agreement, conformity, affinity; -- (pl. نسب انتسابintisāb membership; affiliation │
nisab) relation, reference, bearing; ratio, طالب بالَنتسابstudent by affiliation
rate; measure; proportion (math.); مَنسوبmansūb related, brought into
percentage; adjective denoting descent or
relation; attributed, ascribed, imputed (الى
origin, ending in ( ـي │ نسبة الىnisbatan) to s.o.); belonging, pertaining ( الىto);
and ( لor) بالنسبة الىin respect to, with relative (to), concerning, regarding (s.o. or
regard to, regarding, concerning, as to; as s.th.); -- (pl. مَناسيبmanāsīb2) level,
compared with, in comparison with; in altitude; water level │ مَنسوب البحرm. al-
relation to, with reference to; for, to; على baḥr sea level; ‘( مَناسيب عاليةāliya) high
نسبةin proportion to, in keeping water levels, high waters
with, in accordance with, according to, مَنسوبيةmansūbīya nepotism
corresponding to, commensurate with; نسبة
الموتal-maut death rate; نسبة مَئوية مَناسبmunāsib suitable, fitting,
(mi’awīya) percentage appropriate, proper, adequate;
corresponding, commensurate;
نسبيnisbī relative, comparative; correspondent, congruous, analogous,
percentual, percentile; proportional; نسبيا conformable; proportional (math.)
nisbīyan relatively │ ( وزن نسبيwazn)
specific gravity مَتناسبmutanāsib proportionate,
properly proportioned; proportional;
نسبيةnisbīya relativity mutually corresponding, analogous │ مَتناس
نسابnisāb genealogist ب الجزاءeven, regular, symmetrical
نسيبnasīb erotic introduction of the مَنتسبmuntasib member, affiliate │
ancient Arabic kasida; -- (pl. , انسباء ‘( عضو مَنتسبuḍw) associate (e.g., of an
ansibā’2) relative, kinsman (by mania~e); academy)
brother-in-law; son-in-law; descending ناسوتnāsūt human nature, humanity 960
from a distinguished family, patrician, نسجnasaja u i (nasj) to weave ( هـs.th.); to knit
highborn, noble │ ( نسج على مَنوالهminwālihī) to imitate s.o.,
انسبansab2 more adequate, more follow in s.o.’s tracks, walk in s.o.’s
appropriate, more suitable, better footsteps, act or proceed like s.o.; نسج نسجه
qualified, fitter (nasjahū) do. VIII to be woven
مَناسبةmun<isaba suitability, نسجnasj weaving; fabric, texture │ نسج
suitableness, appropriateness, aptness, الخيالal-kayāl fabling, flight of fancy
adequacy; fitness; correlation, analogy, نساجnassāj weaver
correspondence; kinship, relationship.
affinity; (pl. -āt) relation, reference,
نساجةnisāja art of weaving; weaver’s ناسخnāsik pl. نساخnusssāk abrogative,
trade, textile industry abolishing; copyist, transcriber │ آية ناسخة
Koranic verse which abrogates and
نسيجnasīj pl. نسوجnusūj, انسجةansija, ان
supersedes another verse
ساجansāj texture, web, tissue (also anat.);
woven fabric, textile │ ( نسيج خلويkalawī) مَنسوخmansūk abrogated (Koranic
cellular tissue (anat.); نسيج العنكبوتn. verse)
al-‘ankabūt spider’s web, cobweb; نسيج نسرV to get torn; to break, snap X to become
وحدهn. waḥdihī unique in his (its) kind, eagle-like
singular, unparalleled; نسيج عصرهn. ‘aṣrihī
unique in his (its) time نسورnasr pl. نسورnusūr, نسورةnusūra
eagle; vulture
مَنسجmansaj, mansij pl. مَناسجmanāsij
weaver’s shop, weaving mill نساريةnusārīya eagle
مَنسجminsaj loom ناسورnāsūr pl. نواسرnawāsir2 fistula,
tumor
مَنسوجmansūj woven; woven fabric,
textile; texture, tisane, web; pl. مَنسوجات مَنسرminsar, mansir, pl. مَناسرmanāsir2
woven goods, dry goods, textiles beak (of predatory birds); band, gang,
group, troop
نسخnasaka a (nask) to delete ( هـs.th.);
to abolish ( هـs.th.); to abrogate, invalidate نسطوريnusṭūrī pl. نساطرةnasāṭira Nestorian
( هـs.th.); to repeal, revoke, withdraw (هـ نسغnusg (of a plant)
s.th.); to cancel ( هـa contract); to replace (
ب هـs.th. by), substitute ( ب هـfor s.th. s.th. نسفnasafa i (nasf) to pulverize, atomize,
else); to transcribe, copy ( هـs.th.) III to spray ( هـs.th.); to carry away and scatter
supersede, supplant, replace ( هـs.th.), take (wind -- the dust); to blow up, blast (هـ
the place ( هـof s.th.) V to be deleted, s.th.); O to torpedo ( هـa ship) IV to 961
abolished, abrogated, invalidated VI to scatter (esp., wind -- the dust) VIII to raze
succeed, each other, follow successively; ( هـs.th.); to blow up, blast ( هـs.th.)
to pass from one body into another, نسفnasf blowing up, blasting;
transmigrate (soul) VIII to abolish, cancel, destruction, demolition
abrogate, invalidate (s.th.); to transcribe,
copy ( هـs.th.) X to demand the abolition ( نسافnussāf pl. نساسيفnasāsīf a variety
هـof s.th.); to transcribe, copy ( هـs.th.) of swallow; rhinoceros hornbill (zool.)
)نفوand نفا )نفيnafā u (nafw) and نفىnafā i انتفاءintifā’ absence, lack 988
(nafy) to expel, eject, oust, ostracize, مَنفيmanfīy turned down, denied,
exclude ( عنor على هs.o. from), remove, rejected, discarded; negated, negative;
evict, banish, exile, expatriate ( هs.o.); to banished, exiled, expatriated; deported
deport ( هs.o.); to refute, disprove, rebut,
مَنافmunāfin incompatible
controvert, repudiate ( هـs.th.); to deny (هـ
s.th.); to reject, dismiss, discard, disclaim, نقnaqqa i ( نقيقnaqīq) to croak (frog); to
disavow, decline, refuse, disallow (هـ cackle, cluck (hen)
s.th.); to exclude, preclude ( هـs.th.); to نقاقnaqqāq surly person, gruff man,
negate (gram.) III to hunt, chase, pursue, grumbler; griper, carper, faultfinder
track down ( هs.o.); to exclude, preclude (
هـs.th.); to contradict ( هـs.th.), be contrary نقاقةnaqqāqa frog
( هـto); to be incompatible, be inconsistent نقيقnaqīq croaking, croak; cackling,
( هـwith) VI to be mutually exclusive or cackle
contradicting, cancel each other out, be 1
incompatible VIII to be banished, be نقبnaqaba u (naqb) to bore, pierce,
exiled, be expelled; to be refuted, be perforate, breach ( هـs.th.), make a hole or
disproved, be controverted, be breach ( هـin), punch or drill a hole (هـ
contradicted, be denied; to fall off, fall through); to dig, dig up, dig out, excavate,
away, be dropped, be omitted, be absent, hollow out ( هـs.th.); to traverse ( فيa
country), pass, travel ( فيthrough); to
inquire, ask, look, search ( عنfor), تنقيبtanqīb pl. -āt drilling (esp., for
examine thoroughly, investigate, explore, oil); digging, excavation; investigation,
search into, delve into; -- naqiba a examination, inquiry, search, exploration,
(naqab) to be perforated, be full of holes research
II to drill ( عنfor, e.g., for oil); to examine مَنقبmunaqqib investigator, researcher,
thoroughly, study, investigate ( عنs.th.), scholar, explorer
penetrate, delve, s8&roh ( عنinto), look,
2
s8&roh ( عنfor); to travel ( فيthrough) III النقبan-naqab Negev (desert region in S
to vie in virtues ( هwith s.o.) V to examine, Israel)
study, investigate ( عنs.th.), look, search ( نقحnaqaḥa a (naqḥ) to prune, lop ( هـa tree),
عنfor); to veil her face (woman); to be trim, clip ( هـs.th.) II do.; to review, revile,
perforated, he full of holes VIII to put on a read over carefully, correct ( هـa writing),
veil, veil one’s face improve, polish, refine (the style) IV to
نقبnaqb digging, excavation; piercing, check, go over, re-examine, revise, correct
perforation; -- (pl. انقابanqāb, نقابniqāb) ( هـs.th.)
hole, opening, breach; boring, bore; tunnel تنقيحtanqīḥ checking, (re-)examination;
نقابnaqqāb punch revision; correction 989
نقابniqāb pl. نقبnuqub, انقبةanqiba نقدnaqada u (naqd) to pay in cash ( هـ هto s.o.
veil │ كشف النقاب عنto uncover, reveal, s.th.); to peck ( هـat); to examine critically
disclose s.th. ( هـs.th.); to criticize ( هـ علىs.o. for) III to
call to account ( هs.o.) IV to pay ( هـ هto s.o.
نقابةniqāba pl. -āt cooperative society; s.th.) VIII to criticize ( هـs.th.), find fault (
union, association, guild; corporation; هـwith), take exception ( هـto), disapprove
syndicate; trade union, labor union │ نقابة ( هـof); to show up the shortcomings (على
العمالn. al-‘ummāl trade-union, labor of s.o.), criticize ( علىs.o.); to receive
union payment in cash
نقابيniqābī cooperative; syndicalistic; نقدnaqd criticism; -- (pl. نقودnuqūd)
syndicalist; trade-unionist cash, ready money; pl. specie, coins,
نقابيةniqābīya syndicalism; trade- change; نقداin cash; for cash, cash down │
unionism بالنقدin cash; for cash, cash down; ورق النقد
waraq an-n. banknotes, paper money;
نقيبnaqīb pl. نقباءnuqabā’2 leader,
حافظة النقودchange purse
head, headman; director, principal, chief;
chairman of a guild; president; syndic, نقديnaqdī monetary, pecuniary;
corporation lawyer; (mil.) captain (army), numismatic, of coin; cash (adj.) │ تضخم
lieutenant (navy) (Eg. 1939 and U.A.R.); ( نقديtaḍakkum) inflation; ( جزاء نقديjazā’)
tongue of a balance │ نقيب الشرافhead of a monetary fine
the Alids, head of the descendants of the نقديةnaqdīya ready money, cash
Prophet
نقادnaqqād critic; reviewer
نقيبةnaqība pl. نقائبnaqā’ib2 soul,
spirit, mind, intellect; natural disposition, نقادةnaqqāda captious critic, caviler,
nature, temper, character carper
مَنقبmanqib, minqab and مَنقبةmanqaba مَنقدmanqad (eg.) brazier
pl. مَناقبmanāqib2 mountain trail, defile, مَنقادminqād pl. مَناقيدmanāqīd2 beak,
pass bill (of a bird)
مَنقبminqab and مَنقبةminqaba punch, انتقادintiqād pl. -āt objection, exception;
perforator, drill; lancet criticism, censure, reproof, disapproval;
مَناقبmanāqib2 virtues, outstanding review, critique
traits; glorious deeds, facts, exploits ناقدnāqid pl. -ūn, نقادnuqqād, نقدة
naqada critic
مَنتقدmuntaqid critic نقيرnaqīr tiny spot on a date pit; an
utterly worthless thing │ لَ يجدي شروى نقير
مَنتقدmuntaqad blameworthy,
990 lā yujdī šarwā n. it won’t help the
reprehensible, objectionable,
least bit, it won’t get you anywhere at all;
exceptionable
لَ يملك شروى نقيرhe has absolutely nothing,
نقذnaqada u (naqd) to deliver, save, rescue (مَن he hasn’t got a red cent to his
هs.o. from); -- naqida a (naqad) to be
name; ...}’ ":I~ J,:i ":I nothing at an,
saved, be rescued, save o.s., escape IV to
not
deliver, save, rescue ( مَن هs.o. from); to
salvage, recover ( هـs.th.) X = IV the l....t little bit
انقاذinqād deliverance, salvation, ;~ naqlra pl. ;W naq<!",.a corvette
saving, rescue; salvaging, recovery; relief ;~W naqqara sman drum having a
استنقاذistinqād deliverance, salvation, hemispheric body of copper or wood
saving, rescue; salvaging, recovery; relief
~,,;~ niiqUr pl. .;:il; naWliqlr’
مَنقذmunqid rescuer, savior, deliverer (Koranic)
نقرnaqara u (naqr) to dig; to pierce, bore, a wind instrument
hollow out, excavate ( هـs.th.), make a
cavity or hole ( هـin); to cut, carve ( هـs.th., ;~~ naqilra (eg.) prattle, idle talk,
esp., atone or wood); to engrave, inscribe (
فيin); to peck up ( هـa grain; of a bird); to
peck ( هat s.o.); to strike, bang, knock, rap
( علىat, on); to drum ( هـon s.th.); to snap
one’s fingers; to offend, annoy, vex, hurt,
insult, revile, malign, defame ( هs.o.), cast
a slur ( هon s.o.), make insinuations (ه
against s.o.); to investigate, examine (عن
s.th.); -- naqira a (naqar) to be offended,
annoyed, miffed ( علىat) II to peck, peck
up ( هـs.th.); to investigate, examine (عن
s.th.) III to have an argument, to quarrel,
wrangle, bicker ( هwith s.o.)
نقرnaqr excavation, hollowing out,
carving out, engraving; hollow, cavity,
hole; snap(ping) of the fingers
نقرnaqir annoyed, offended, hurt,
miffed
نقرةnaqra pl. naqarāt blow, knock,
bang, rap; drumbeat; pluck(ing) (of
strings)
نقرةnuqra pl. نقرnuqar, نقارniqār pit,
hollow, cavity, hole; depression; orbit, eye
socket; neck furrow, nape rigmarole
نقرةniqra bickering, wrangle, ~LA:.. m,nqar pl. .;:il:.. manclqlr’
argument, quarrel beak.
نقارnaqqār carver, engraver │ نقار الخشب bill (of a bird); pickax
n. al-kašab woodpecker (zool.)
;.)L:... mutuiqara bickering, wrangle,
نقاريةnuqqārīya pl. -āt (eg.) a
argument, quarrel
percussion instrument resembling a
kettledrum ;;~ tuiq,ra pl. ;s.,; naWliq,r’ bickering,
wrangle, argument, quarrel; misfortune, مَناقشmunāqiš opponent in a dispute;
disputant
calamity
نقصnaqaṣa u (naqṣ, نقصانnuqṣān) to
نقرزانnaqrazān (eg.) small drum; drummer
decrease, become less, diminish, be
نقرسniqris gout; skilled and experienced diminished, be reduced ( هـby an amount;
(physician) of a number); to decrease, diminish,
نقريسniqrīs skilled and experienced lessen, reduce, impair ( هـs.th.), prejudice (
(physician) ه, هـs.o., s.th.), be prejudicial ( ه, هـto),
detract ( ه, هـfrom); to lower, peg down (هـ
نقزnaqaza u i (naqz, نقازniqāz, نقزانnaqazān) s.th.); to be deficient, lacking, incomplete,
to bound, leap, skip, hop II to rock, dandle insufficient, inadequate, defective, faulty,
( هa child) imperfect; ( نقصه الشيءšai’u) he lacked,
نقزةnaqza jump, leap, start needed the thing, was in want of the thing;
to fan short ( عنof), be less, be lower (عن
ناقوسnāqūs pl. نواقيسnawāqīs2 (church)bell; than) │ 13 ‘( عامَا تنقص شهرا واحداāman,
gong; hand bell (used, e.g., in Coptic šahran) 13 years minus one month II and
liturgy); bell jar, globe IV to decrease, diminish, lessen ( هـs.th.);
نقشnaqaša u (naqš) to variegate, dapple, to reduce, lower, peg down ( هـs.th.); to
make many-colored, daub with various curtail, cut ( هـs.th.) III to invite bids (هـ
colors, bedaub ( هـs.th.); to paint; to chisel, for a project, 991 etc., so as to determine
sculpture, carve out; to engrave ( هـs.th., the lowest bidder) VI to decrease
علىon, in) II to paint; to engrave; to gradually, diminish slowly, grow less or
sculpture III to argue, dispute ( هwith s.o.); smaller by degrees VIII to decrease,
to discuss ( هـs.th.); to debate ( هـa diminish, become less; to wane; to impair,
question); to criticize ( هـs.th.), object, diminish, lessen ( هـs.th.) │ انتقص مَن قدره
raise an objection ( هـto), raise a protest (هـ (qadrihī) to disparage s.o., detract from
against); to bear, examine, interrogate (ه s.o., degrade s.o. X to ask for a reduction (
s.o.; jur.) VI to carry on a dispute, to هـof s.th.); to find ( هـs.th.) decreased,
debate ( فيabout) VIII to extract, pull out ( deficient, short, defective, imperfect,
هـa prick or thorn) inferior; to discover the absence ( هـof),
miss ( هـs.th.)
نقشnaqš pl. نقوشnuqūš painting,
picture, drawing; engraving; inscription; نقصnaqṣ decrease, diminution; deficit,
sculpture, figure loss, damage; wantage, lack, want,
shortage ( فيof); gap, blank, omission;
نقاشnaqqāš painter; house painter;
defect, shortcoming, failing, fault,
artist; sculptor
blemish; deficiency, imperfection,
نقاشةniqāša (art of) painting or inferiority │ نقص المواليدfalling birth rate;
sculpture مَركب نقصmurakkab n. inferiority complex
مَنقشminqaš pl. مَناقشmanāqiš2 chisel نقصانnuqṣān = نقصnaqṣ
مَنقاشminqāš pl. مَناقيشmanāqīš2 chisel نقيصةnaqīṣa pl. نقائصnaqā’iṣ2
مَناقشةmunāqaša argument, controversy, shortcoming, failing, fault, defect
اهوىahwā more desirable, preferable هيئةhai’a pl. -āt form, shape; exterior,
appearance, guise, aspect, bearing; air,
اهويةuhwiya abyss, chasm, deep, depth mien, physiognomy; attitude, position;
مَهوىmahwan, مَهواةmahwāh pl. مَهاو situation, condition, state; group, (social)
mahāwin2 abyss, chasm, gulf; place of class; society, association; body,
one’s longing, object of desire; corporation; organization; board,
atmosphere commission, committee; corps; cadre,
skeleton organization │ هيئة المَم المتحدةh.
مَهواةmihwāh ventilator al-umam al-muttaḥida and الهيئة المَمية
تهويةtahwiya airing, ventilation (umamīya) the United Nations
Organization; ( الهيئة الَجتماعيةijtimā‘īya)
استهواءistihwā’ fascination, captivation;
human society; هيئة الذاعة اللسلكيةh. al-
enchantment; seducement, enticement,
idā‘a al-lā-silkīya broadcasting
temptation; suggestion
corporation; هيئة اركان الحربh. arkān al-
هاوhāwin pl. هواةhuwāh falling, ḥarb general staff; هيئة اركان حرب السطول
dropping, sinking; loving, in love; lover; (usṭūl) naval staff; هيئة برلمانية
fancier, fan, amateur; dabbler, dilettante (barlamānīya) parliamentary group; هيئة
هاويةhāwiya chasm, gulf, abyss, التحكمboard of arbitration; jury, committee
infernal depth, bottomless pit, hell 1040 of judges, committee of umpires (in
sports), the referees (in military
2
هويةhuwīya see 1هو maneuvers); هيئة التدريسteaching staff;
هيhiya she (3rd pers. sing. f. of the pers. pron.) faculty, professoriate (of an academic
institution); (( هيئة حاكمة )حكومَيةḥukūmīya)
هياhayyā (interj.) up! come on! let’s go! now governmental agency, authority; هيئة
then! دبلومَاسيةdiplomatic corps; الهيئة السعدية
( هاء )هيءhā’a i a and هيؤhayu’a u ( هيأةḥai’a, (sa‘dīya) the Sa’dist Union (formerly, a
هياءةhayā’a) to be shapely, well-formed, political group in Egypt); ( هيئة طبيةṭibbīya)
beautiful to look at, present a handsome ambulance corps; ( هيئة نيابيةniyābīya)
appearance; -- a ( هيئةhī’a) to desire, crave representative body, parliamentary body;
( الىs.th.) II to make ready, get ready, put ‘ علم الهيئةilm al-h. astronomy
in readiness ( هـs.th.); to prepare ( هـs.th.); هيءhayyi’, هيئhayī’ good-looking,
to fix up, fit up, set up ( هـs.th.); to pave handsome; shapely
the way ( لfor s.o., for s.th.); to arm,
mobilize, get in fighting condition (mil.); تهيئةtahyi’a preparation; training;
to put in order, to order, array, arrange (هـ adaptation, adjustment, accommodation
s.th.); to incline, dispose, make inclined (ل مَهايأةmuhāya’a joint usufruct, use or
هs.o. to), influence ( ل هs.o. in favor of) │ profit sharing (Isl. Law)
O تهيؤtahayyu’ military preparations to move, stir, agitate ( هـs.th.); to stir up,
excite ( هـs.th.); to disturb, trouble,
تهيؤtahayyu’ (mutual) adaptation,
perturb, disquiet ( هـs.th.); to provoke,
(mutual) adjustment
incite, stimulate ( هـs.th.); to kindle, ignite,
مَهيأmuhayya’ prepared; ready inflame, incense ( هـs.th.); to make ( هـthe
( هاب )هيبhāba (1st pen. perf. hibtu) a ( blood) boil; to awaken, arouse, evoke (هـ
هيبةhaiba, مَهابةmahāba) to fear, dread ( ,هـ e.g., a desire); to bring to light ( هـs.th.); to
هs.o., s.th.), be afraid ( ه, هـof); to stand in irritate, inflame ( هـan organ); to drive,
awe ( هـof), be awed ( ه, هـby); to honor, urge on, spur on ( ه, هـs.o., s.th., علىto); to
respect, revere, venerate ( هs.o.) II to make rouse, start, scare up ( هـa bird) IV = II; V
( هـs.th.) be dreaded ( الىby s.o.), make it and VIII to be astir, be restive, be in a
dreadful to s.o., inspire s.o. ( )الىwith awe state of commotion, be disturbed, be
( هـof); to make s.th. ( )هـappear dreadful excited, be agitated; to be awakened, be
or awesome ( الىto s.o.); to threaten, (a)roused, be scared up
frighten, intimidate, cow, daunt ( علىs.o.) هيجexcitement; agitation; commotion,
IV to call out, shout ( بto s.o.); 1041 to disturbance, turmoil; dissension, strife;
call upon s.o. ()ب, appeal ( بto s.o.); to combat, battle
drive, urge, rouse, egg on, encourage ( الى
هيجاhaijā and هيجاءhaijā’ fight,
بs.o. to) V = I; to awe, frighten, scare,
combat, battle, war
threaten ( هs.o.) VIII = I
هيجانhayajān excitement; agitation;
هيبةhaiba fear, dread, awe; reverence,
commotion, disturbance, turmoil, tumult;
veneration, esteem, respect; awe-inspiring
outburst of rage, fury, irritation,
appearance, venerableness, gravity,
indignation, bitterness
dignity; standing, prestige
هياجhiyāj excitement; agitation;
هيابhayyāb timid, timorous, shy,
commotion, disturbance, turmoil, tumult;
diffident; respectful
outburst of rage, fury, irritation,
هيوبhayūb timid, timorous, shy, indignation, bitterness; raging, uproar (of
diffident; respectful; awful, fearful, the elements)
dreadful; awe-inspiring, awesome,
تهييجtahyīj excitation, agitation,
venerable
stimulation; provocation, incitement;
مَهابmahāb object of reverence and instigation; stirring up, fanning;
respect incensement, inflammation; O induction
مَهابةmahāba dignity (el.)