MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL AND BIO-ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

CKB 30103 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY & HEALTH

PRACTICAL 1 : HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL

(HIRARC)

SECTION: L02-P2

LECTURER: ZURAIDAH BINTI RASEP

NAME ID NO
MUHAMMAD SYAZWAN BIN MOHD 55213117184
SHARIF
AHMAD MAZNAN BIN RAZANI 55213117179
INTRODUCTION

Hazard is refer to the any source, situation or act with potential to harm in term of human
injury, ill health, damage to property, and damage to workplace environment. Risk is combination
of the likelihood which is means probability with the consequences that also known as severity of
a specified hazardous event occurring. The purpose of Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment
and Risk Control (HIRARC) is to identify all factors that may cause harm of dangerous to
employees and others, to consider what are probability are of that harm befalling anyone of a
particular case and possible consequences that result from it, to allow employers to plan, manage
and monitor the preventive measures to make sure that the risks can be controlled at all times.
HIRARC is principles applied in workplace to manage safety and health. Risk assessment is
process of estimating the magnitude of risks and deciding or not the risk is tolerable. For the risk
control is define the measure has been action to eliminate or minimize the identified risks. The
HIRARC is important due to determine whether existing control method are appropriate or not
and to control the risk before harm occur. Hazard identification are must consider based on is
there a source of harm at working site, who could be harmed and how harm could occur. (Misnan,
2013)

Based on the guidelines of HIRARC by Department of Safety and Health Ministry of

Human Resources Malaysia (2008) states the process of HIRARC requires 4 simple step which
is first we must classify work activities, next identify hazard that can occur such as physical
hazard, electrical hazard and environmental hazard. Next, run the risk assessment which is
analyze risk form each hazard by calculating likelihood and severity of hazard. After that, decide
if risk is tolerable apply control measures such as elimination, substitution, and personal protective
equipment (PPE). Figure 1 show the flowchart of HIRARC Process.
 Figure 1: HIRARC Process Flow. (DOSH,2008)

Risk is the determination of likelihood and severity of the accident in order to determine
the magnitude hazard. It can be carried out by qualitative, quantitative or semi quantitative
method. A qualitative analysis is to describe the magnitude of potential severity and likelihood
that those severity will occur. Quantitative analysis uses numerical value for severity and
likelihood using data from various sources. For semi-quantitative analysis is to produce more
expanded ranking scale than usually achieved in qualitative analysis. Likelihood can be divided
into five categories. The figure 2 below show the level range of likelihood.

Figure 2: Likelihood range

Severity also can be divided into five types. It is depend on level severity to an individual’s health,
environment or to property. The figure 3 show the level of severity:
 Figure 3: Level of severity

Then, the risk can be calculated by using formula likelihood multiply by severity.
RESULT

HIRARC FORM

Company : UNIKL MICET Conducted by: AHMAD

MAZNAN BIN
RAZANI
55213117179
Process/Locati REACTION TURBINE/LAB THERMODYNAMICS MUHAMMAD
on : SYAZWAN
BIN MOHD
SHARIF
Approved by : LAB MANAGER 55213117184
Date : 8-Feb-18 Review Date:
1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Analysis 3. Risk Control

No Work Hazard Which can Existing Risk Likelihoo Severit Risk Recommende PIC (due date /
. Activity cause / Control (if d y d Control status)
effect any) Measure
1 Fill the Electrical overflow of Self work 2 4 8 Install Ballcock TECHNICIAN
water in (Electric water in practice, (medium) Valve (22 FEB
the shock) reservoir regular 2018/IN
tank that checking PROGRESS)
 reservoir flow to the during
tank electrical experiment.
compartme
nt

2 Switch on Eletrical wet hand Self work 3 4 12(mediu Put warning TECHNICIAN
PC (Electric while practise, m) sign above the (15 FEB 2018/
shock) switch on Hands in dry socket. COMPLETED)
the socket condition.
may lead to
electrocutio
n
3 Switch on Electrical wet hand Self work 3 4 12(mediu Put warning TECHNICIAN
Interface (Electric while practise, m) sign above the (15 FEB 2018/
Module shock) switch on Hands in dry socket. COMPLETED)
the socket condition.
may lead to
electrocutio
n
4 Monitoring Ergonomic Back Pain / Good sitting 4 1 4(low) Wear back EXPERIMENT
the PC (Bad sitting Muscular posture when support ER (22 FEB
postures) strain monitoring 2018/KIV)
5 Switch on Electrical wet hand Hand in dry 3 4 12(mediu Put caution TECHNICIAN
Pump (Electric while condition. m) sign above the (15 FEB 2018/
shock) switch on socket. COMPLETED)
the socket
may lead to
electrocutio
n
6 Staring at Ergonomic Dim Setting the 4 2 8 Install the TECHNICIAN
PC (Glare) brightness (medium) tinted on the (15 FEB 2018/
screen monitor IN
PROGRESS)
7 Operating Environment Overheated Lab Manual 5 1 5 Wear Personal EXPERIMENT
the pump al (Heat) pump can Handling;swit (medium) Protective ER (15 FEB
burn skin ch off the Equipment 2018/COMPLE
pump (PPE) TED)
sometime
8 Switch off Electrical wet hand Hand in dry 3 4 12(mediu wear a EXPERIMENT
and pull (Electric while condition. m) electrical ER (15 FEB
the plug shock) switch off insulation 2018/COMPLE
away from the socket gloves TED)
the socket may lead to
electrocutio
n
9 Install Physical ( Fell to the Connect hose 3 4 12(mediu Put slippery TECHNICIAN
hose to Slippery ground due from the valve m) floor sign (15 FEB 2018/
drain Floor) to the wet directly to th COMPLETED)
water into floor sink
the sink
DISCUSSION

Reaction turbine is the experiment that given to us to HIRARC. Reaction turbine is the
experiment that conduct in lab thermodynamics in Unikl Micet by the student of subject Pilot Plant
Operation. The objectives of this practical is to identify the hazard, to analyze the risk and to
control the risk which is improvement the control measure. The HIRARC experiment was analyze
by using HIRARC form. This form consists 3 parts which is hazard identification parts, risk analysis
and risk control. Hazard identification is observe the work activity, hazard by the work activity and
consequences due the hazard. For risk analysis, it must state the existing risk control that already
practiced and range of risk that calculated by likelihood multiply severity. For risk control part, it
consist recommended control measure.

Based on the result obtained, we can identify there are several hazard can be occur during
run this experiment. There are many electrical hazard could be exposed to the experimenter due
to that experiment need electrical power supply to run it. For the work activity, when filling the
water in the reservoir tank, switching on PC, Interface Module, turn on pump and switch off the
plug. These activities may be can lead to electric shock due to wet hand. This is because dry
hand when conducting an electric component is very important because it can lead to serious
injury or maybe fatality. Besides, while monitoring PC, it can be ergonomic hazard because of
bad sitting posture, it can cause pain in the back and muscular strain. After that, operating the
pump also one of environmental hazard because of the pump can be overheated if the pump is
operating in a long time. Last but not least, if the host is not installed correctly to the sink, it can
be known as physical hazard because of the wet floor.

Therefore, likelihood and severity were rated based on hazard that can bring harm to
people. For assessing likelihood, it is based on analysis, worker experience and measurement.
It have five categories and can be rated from “most likely” to “inconceivable”. For severity, it is
based upon an increasing level of severity to an individual’s health, the environment or to property.
In addition, severity also have five categories and can be rated from “catastrophic’ to “negligible”.
Risk assessment has many ways to communicate the results of analysis to make decision on risk
control. So, it can be presented using formula “LxS=Relative Risk”. To prioritize necessary
actions, the relative risk value can be used to effectively manage work place hazards. It has three
categories that is High, Medium, and Low. The risk taken on High is between 15-25 and Medium
is between 5-12 while Low is between 1-4.
 Risk Control have variety of ways to counter hazard or to reduce harm to people. So to
minimize the hazard that occur during performing an experiment, there is a recommended control
measure on every work activity that has its own hazard. Based on the result, for fill the water in
the reservoir tank, it is recommended to install Ballock Valve to prevent overflow of water in the
tank. For switching on PC, switch on Interface Module, switch on pump and switch and pull plug
from socket it is recommended to put a warning sign above the socket and wear an electrical
insulation gloves. Next, the recommendation for monitoring the PC is to wear a back support.
Then, recommendation for staring at PC is to install the tinted on the screen of the PC. When
operating the pump, it is recommended to wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Lastly, the
recommendation for install hoes to drain water into sink is put slippery floor sign when there is
water spill on the floor.

In general, by conducting HIRARC process, the hazard can be identified and can be
reduced. Besides, the potential of harm also can be evaluated by identify from likelihood and
severity. Then, the recommended control measurement can be improve from time by time after
the HIRACR process has been done.
CONCLUSION

To conclude, for this experiment the risk analysis that was taken was overall at a low risk
and a slight medium risk. At the low risk rate, the likelihood of hazard to be present is low which
result is also in a low severity of hazard. Based on the result that has been recorded, it can be
concluded that, risk possessed by hazard is only from low to medium only. Most
of the hazard is electrical hazard that can lead to electric shock. Therefore, the effective way to
prevent the hazard is to make sure that hand is dry from water or use electrical insulation gloves
to avoid electrocution. For ergonomic hazard, it has two types that is bad sitting posture and
glaring at PC. So, the control measure is wear back support and install tinted at the screen of PC.
For environmental hazard, there is only one specific hazard that is heat because of the overheated
pump. The control measure to minimise is make sure that the pump is switch off sometimes.
Lastly for physical hazard there is only one specific hazard that is slippery floor. This is because
of the host is not correctly connect the hose to the sink. To prevent it from happen, put slippery
floor sign if there is any spill of water. In addition student must follow the rules and regulations
that has been provided in the laboratory to reduce the any presence of hazard.
REFERENCES

Department Safety & Health. (2008). Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and
Risk Control (HIRARC). Malaysia: Ministry of Human Resources.
Misnan, M. S. (2013). Hazard Indentification,Risk Assessment & Risk Control. Skudai: Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia.