Sorsogon National High School

Sorsogon City
S.Y. 2018 – 2019

TWO FACTORS
AFFECTING THE
BRIGHTNESS OF LED
LIGHT BULB
Submitted by:

Dungaran, John Klenn Andrew P.

Paras, John Matthew L.
Dayot, Shaina R.
Dichoso, Aira Mae D.
Discaya, Freeda Joy C.
Jesalva, Alyssa H.
Jesalva, Beatrice Christiana D.
BACKGROUND

Resistance is a force tends to oppose motion. It is measured in ohms,

symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω). Ohms are named after Georg Simon
Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the relationship between
voltage, current and resistance. Specifically, it is the shortened form of electrical
resistance. In terms of electrical resistance, it is the opposition of a material to flow
of charges. According to the formula given for resistance, the flow of the charges
(I) is inversely proportional to the resistance (R). Thus, there are many factors that
affect the flow of charges or the flow of current in a material. To enumerate, there
are four factors that affect the resistance of a material: (1) cross-sectional
area/diameter of the material used, (2) length of the material, (3) resistivity or
what kind of material is used; and (4) temperature around the material.

OBJECTIVES

 To present these factors using commonly used material in making a simple

circuit.
 To show how the length of a material and temperature affect the flow of
current.
 To further understand the effects of length and temperature to resistance
using commonly used materials.

HYPOTHESIS

 If the length of wire used is longer, then the greater its resistance. If the
length of wire used is shorter, then the lesser its resistance.
 If the wires used are shorter, then the bulb will light brighter.
 If the wire used is heated, then the greater its resistance. If the wire used is
cooled, then the lesser its resistance.
  As the higher temperature applied, the lower the bulb will bright.

MATERIALS

 1 LED bulb
 2 different length of wires
 1 size D battery
 1 battery holder
 Matches
 Pliers

METHODS

1. Prepare all materials needed.

2. Remove the insulator/cover of the wire using pliers.
3. Cut the wires into different length.
4. Connect the wires, the LED bulb, and the battery in their respective
connection like a series type of circuit.
5. Observe the flow of the current in the two different length of wires and while
certain temperature applied.

DATA ANALYSIS

 For the first factor (length);

1. Test the circuit/flow of current with a longer wire.
2. Observe the brightness emitted by the LED bulb.
3. Test the circuit/flow of current with a shorter wire.
4. Observe the brightness emitted by the LED bulb.
  For the second factor (temperature);
1. Test the circuit with a longer wires without applying heat to the
exposed section of wire.
2. Observe the brightness emitted by the LED bulb.
3. Test the circuit with a longer wires while applying heat to the exposed
section of wire.
4. Observe the brightness emitted by the LED bulb.

When the exposed section of the wire was heated, the group observed a
brighter light emission by the LED lightbulb.

CONCLUSION AND RESULTS

Applying heat to the exposed wire lessen the brightness of the LED light thus,
affecting the flow of the current in the circuit and proving the second hypothesis
made that temperature is inversely proportional to resistance.

REFERENCES

 Wikipedia. (2019, February 17). Electrical resistance and conductance. In

Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 4, 2019, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electrical_resistance_and_con
ductance&oldid=883800125
 Mazur, G. (n.d.). Digital Multimeter Principles. Retrieved March 4, 2019, from
https://www.fluke.com/en-ph/learn/best-practices/measurement-
basics/electricity/what-is-resistance