Media and Information Literacy Electronic Age (1930s1980s)-The invention of

the transistor ushered in the electronic age.

Literacy-The ability to identify, understand,
interpret, create, communicate and compute, Information Age (1900s-2000s)-The Internet
using printed and written materials associated paved the way for faster communication and
with varying contexts. the creation of the social network.

Media-The physical objects used to

communicate with, or the mass communication
through physical objects such as radio,
television, computers, film, etc.

Media Literacy-The ability to access, analyze,
evaluate, and create media in a variety of
forms.
Information-A broad term that covers
processed data, knowledge derived from study,
experience, instruction, signals or symbols.
Information Literacy-The ability to recognize
when information is needed, and to locate,
evaluate, and effectively communicate
information in its various formats.
Technology Literacy-The ability of an individual,
either working independently or with others, to
responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use
technological tools.
Media and Information Literacy-The essential
skills and competencies that allow individuals
to engage with media and other information
providers effectively
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- How do you acquire and store information?
Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)-People
discovered fire, developed paper from plants,
and forged weapons and tools with stone,
bronze, copper and iron.
Industrial Age (1700s-1930s)-People used the
power of steam, developed machine tools,
established iron production, and the
manufacturing of various products (including
books through the printing press).
Roles and functions of media in a democratic
society
Channel-provides opportunities for people to
communicate, share ideas, speculate, tell
stories and give information.
Watchdog-exposes corrupt practices of the
government and the private sector.
Resource center-acts as a gateway of
information for the society’s consumption.
Advocate-through its diverse sources or
formats, it bridges the gap of digital divide.
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-Why do you need information? • to be
updated with the news, for learning/education
purposes, for communication, to acquire
knowledge needed for decision-making.
Where do you search for information?
•internet, television, library, radio, newspapers
write, print, photocopy, photograph, download,
cloud storage, record, external memory drives,
memory cards
How will you determine the quality and
accuracy of the information that you have? •It
should come from a reputable source, such as
an institution.
How do you use the information that you
have? • announcement, text, post to social
media, face to face session, note, chat, email,
save file
How will you communicate information? •
announcement, text, post to social media, face
to face session, note, chat, email, save file
Stages/ Elements of Information Literacy
1 Identifying/recognizing information needs
• The co-existence of print media, broadcast
media the Internet, mobile phones, as well as
others, allowing media content to flow across
various platforms.
• The ability to transform different kinds of
media into digital code, which is then accessible
by a range of devices thus creating a digital
communication environment.

2 Determining sources of information Sources of Information:

3 Citing or searching for information •Libraries

4 Analyzing and evaluating the quality of •Indigenous Media

information
•Internet
5 Organizing, storing or archiving information
Types of libraries:
6 Using information in an ethical, efficient and
•Academic
effective way
•Public
7 Creating and communicating new knowledge
•School
Information Literacy • a set of individual
competencies needed to identify, evaluate and •Special
use information in the most ethical, efficient
Indigenous Knowledge • Knowledge that is
and effective way across all domains,
unique to a specific culture or society; most
occupations and professions.
often it is not written down.
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Indigenous Communication •Transmission of
-
information through local channels or forms
Types of Media
Indigenous Media •may be defined as forms of
PRINT MEDIA •media consisting of paper and media expression conceptualized, produced,
ink, reproduced in a printing process that is and circulated by indigenous people.
traditionally mechanical.
Forms of Indigenous Media:
BROADCAST MEDIA •media such as radio and
•Folk and Traditional Media
television that reach target audiences using
airwaves as the transmission medium. •Gathering and Social Organizations •Direct
Observation
NEW MEDIA •content organized and
distributed on digital platforms. •Records (Written, Oral, Carved)
Media Convergence •Oral Instruction
• The co-existence of traditional and new Evaluating Information Found on the Internet
media.
•Authorship
•Publishing Body
•Accuracy and Verifiability
•Currency
Things to consider in Evaluating Information:
Reliability of information •Information is said
to be reliable if it can be verified and evaluated.
Accuracy of Information •Accuracy refers to
the closeness of the report to the actual data.
Value of information •Information is said to be
of value if it aids the user in making or
improving decisions.
Authority of the source • Much of the
information we gather daily do not come from
a primary source but are passed on through
secondary sources such as writers, reporters,
and the like.
Timeliness • Reliability, accuracy, and value of
information may vary based on the time it was
produced or acquired.
Skills in Determining the Reliability of
Information:
• Check the Author
• Check the Date of Publication or of update
• Check for Citations
• Check the Domain or owner of the site/page.
Skills in Determining Accurate Information:
• Look for facts
• Cross-reference with other source for
consistency.
•Determine the reason for writing and
publishing the information.
LANGUAGE • pertains to the technical and
symbolic ingredients or codes and conventions
that media and information professionals may
select and use in an effort to communicate
ideas, information and knowledge.
MEDIA LANGUAGES • codes, conventions,
formats, symbols and narrative structures that
indicate the meaning of media messages to an
audience.
TECHNICAL CODES • include sound, camera
angles, types of shots and lighting. They may
include, for example, ominous music to
communicate danger in a feature film, or high-
angle camera shots to create a feeling of power
in a photograph.
SYMBOLIC CODES
• include the language, dress or actions of
characters, or iconic symbols that are easily
understood.
• For example, a red rose may be used
symbolically to convey romance, or a clenched
fist may be used to communicate anger
CONVENTION •In the media context, refers to a
standard or norm that acts as a rule governing
behavior.
MESSAGES •the information sent from a source
to a receiver.
AUDIENCE •the group of consumers for whom
a media message was constructed as well as
anyone else who is exposed to the message.
PRODUCERS • People engaged in the process of
creating and putting together media content to
make a finished media product.
Other stakeholders •Libraries, archives,
museums, internet and other relevant
information providers.
Republic Act No. 10175
•Or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, is
a law in the Philippines approved on September
12, 2012 which aims to address legal issues
concerning online interactions and the Internet
•Among the cybercrime offenses included in
the bill are cyber-squatting, cybersex, child
pornography, identity theft, illegal access to
data and libel.
• This excessive use may for example interfere
with work or sleep, result in problems with
social interaction, or affect mood, relationships,
and thought processes.
DIGITAL DIVIDE
•an economic inequality between groups in
terms of access to, use of, or knowledge of ICT.

COPYRIGHT • The divide within countries (such as the

digital divide in the United States) can refer to
•a legal device that gives the creator of a
inequalities between individuals, households,
literary, artistic, musical, or other creative work
businesses, and geographic areas at different
the sole right to publish and sell that work.
socioeconomic (and other demographic) levels.
•Copyright owners have the right to control the
•The Global digital divide designates countries
reproduction of their work, including the right
as the units of analysis, and examines the divide
to receive payment for that reproduction.
between developing and developed countries.
•An author may grant or sell those rights to
others, including publishers or recording
companies. Violation of a copyright is called
infringement.

PLAGIARISM • an act or instance of using or

closely imitating the language and thoughts of
another author without authorization; the
representation of that author's work as one's
own, as by not crediting the original author.

CYBER BULLYING

•bullying that takes place online, or using

electronic technology such as cell phones,
computers, and tablets over communication
tools including social media sites, text
messages, chat, and websites.

• Examples of cyber bullying: text messages or

emails composed to insult or demean; rumors
or false statements spread by email or posted
on social networking sites; and humiliating
photos, videos, websites, or fake profiles
deliberately shared across social media.

COMPUTER ADDICTION

•the excessive use of computers to the extent

that it interferes with daily life.