Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Flag : The red color and the white star and cresent shape on the flag
represent Turkey and the Ottoman Empire and their commitment to Islam. The flag
has remained pretty much as it is today since the late 1700's.
Language : Turkish
Religion : Islam
MAP
A.2.1.By Air
Turkish Airlines ( THY ) : THY has regular flights on Boeing 737-400’s, 737-500’s,
RJ-100’s and airbus 310-200’s, 310-300’s to Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir, Antalya, Adana,
Trabzon and Dalaman from principal capitals and major cities of the world.
International airlines : Regular flights from all major cities of the world come to
Turkey’s international airports.
Information and Reservations : For more information contact THY offices.
A.2.2.By Sea
A.2.3.By Road
A.2.4.By Coach
There areregular bus services between Turkey and Austria, France, Germany,
Holland, Italy, Switzerland and Greece as well as Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait Syria.
A.3 History
Mustafa Kemal ATATURK, FOUNDER OF THE TURKISH REPUBLIC AND THE
FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC
4
1. Political Reforms
2. Social Reforms
3. Juridical Reforms
4. Educational and Cultural Reforms
5. Economical Reforms
A.4 Climate
The Aegean and Mediterranean coasts have cool, rainy winters and hot,
moderately dry summers. Annual precipitation in those areas varies from 580 to
1,300 millimeters, depending on location. The Black Sea coast receives the
greatest amount of rainfall. The eastern part of that receives 2,200 millimeters
annually and is the only region of Turkey that receives rainfall throughout the
year.
5
A.5 Culture
A.5.1 Arts
MARBLING
MINIATURE WORK
The sound from these instruments is produced by the vibration of the strings. These
may be classified into two groups:
For example: The kemençe (small violin played like a cello), Kabak Kemane (ıklığ)
(three-stringed violin), violin etc.
For example: Ud (lute), tambur (like a mandolin), çeng (primitive harp), tar, kanun
(like a zither), santur (dulcimer), kopuz (like a lute), the bağlama family (with three
double strings and two necks) – meydan sazı (largest of the saz family), court saz,
bozuk (nine stringed lute), tambura, cura, uctelli (three-string), onikitelli (twelve-
string), çarta, ırızva etc.
Instruments whose sound comes from the vibration of the air in or around them.
For example: Zurna (like an oboe), çifte, mey (small oboe from eastern Anatolia),
kaval (flageolet), sipsi (şile a boatswain’s pipe), çığırtma (small fife), tulum (bagpipe),
harmonica, accordeon, mouth organ etc.
For example: Dümbelek (small drum) (deblek, darbuka (drum made by stretching a
skin over a clay cylinder)), davul (drum), daire (tambourine), def (tambourine with
cymbals), kudüm (small double drum), zilli def (stringed def) etc.
These are instruments played by means of striking, beating, waving etc. And are
usually made of hard materials, giving off sound by the vibration of their entire
bodies.
Note : Click the links over the words for getting more information about instruments
Religious Music
In the framework of music, the forms of music that accompanied or assisted such
Islamic obligations as circumcision, fasting and the call to prayer, and known as
Mosque Music or Dervish Lodge Music depending on where it was played, can all be
considered under the single heading of Religious Music. Forms such as ‘tilavet’
(reading the Kuran), the ‘ezan’ (the call to prayer), and the ‘temcid’ (a call praising
Allah chanted by the muezzin immediately after the morning call to prayer during the
months of Rajab, Şaban and Ramadan) all fall under the category of mosque music.
During the religious dancing or ceremonies practiced by a number of religious sects,
especially the dervishes (Mevevi) and Bektaşi, come under the general heading of
Mystical Music.
Ottoman Music
The form of music today generally known as Türk Sanat Müziği, or Ottoman Classical
Music, matured, developed in form and aesthetics and came to assume the identity
of a form of classical music in parallel to the establishment, growth and increasing
strength of the Ottoman state itself. This variety of music furnished products dealing
with many subjects, such as religion, love and war.
A.5.3 Museums
Archaeological Museum
Ataturk Museum
The house where Ataturk, the national leader lived in Sisli has
been restored and converted to a museum. In the museum,
his private belongings are being exhibited.
Aviation Museum
• http://www.bookinturkey.com/en/istanbul/historical_museum.asp
• http://www.voyagerbook.com/eng/foto_goster.asp?kategori=muzeler&sehir=
• http://www.miniaturk.com/
Clothing was first introduced to protect man from the elements. It has
come by its present forms as a result of the influence of social and moral
values. With the passing time, a wide variety in forms of clothing
emerged. These differences were the result of social and economic
structure, geography, the materials available and climate.
Daily, work and special day clothes are different. Hair styles
during a wedding and after the bridal chamber differ. In markets, it is easy
to identify which village people live in just from their clothes. Today in
Anatolia, there are differences even between the clothing worn in different
neighborhoods of the same village.
In the very earliest times, everyone in a particular tribe would wear clothes that
defined his or her social status. More than an obligation, this was an understanding
carried on by tradition. Clothing and eben hair styles reflected this same conception.
When one talks about the Turkish cuisine, the term should be understood as the
totality of foods and beverages which provide nutrition to the people living in Turkey,
the ways of preparing and preserving them; techniques, equipment and utensils
required for this, eating manners and all the practices and beliefs which are
developed around this cuisine.
A.5.6. Language
The Turkish language belongs to the Ural-Altaic group and has an affinity with the
Finno-Hungarian languages. Turkish is written in the alphabet and is spoken by at
least 150 milion people around the world.
The founder of the Turkish Republic, Mustafa Kemal, the father of the Turks,
ATATÜRK believed that Turkey should benefit from the culture of the West in order to
reach the level of contemporary modern civilisations. It is because of this that a
version of the Latin alphabet reflecting Turkish phonetics was adopted in 1928. The
Turkish Language institute was established in 1932 to carry out linguistic research
and contribute to the natural development of the language.
A.6.Political Structure
A.7. Economy
10
Turkey, having one of the fastest growing economies in the world, has reached an
attractive and a promising structural environment through the implementation of the
principles of free trade, dynamic capital markets in comparison to other developing
markets and offering liberal incentives facilitating transactions for investors and
exporters.
The monetary unit is the Turkish lira (TL), which comes in bank notes of 250.000;
500.000; 1.000.000, 5.000.000, 10.000.000 and 20.000.000. Smaller denominations
come in coins of 25.000; 50.000; 100.000; and 250.000.
A.8.Wonders of TURKEY
Situated at the Ivriz springs 12 km from the Ereğli - Konya province. Late Hittite
Period, 8 th century B.C. The relief which is 6.08 m in height, expresses the
thanksgiving of Warpalavas to the Gos of Plentiness, Santaj
Built during the years 197-159 B.C. by Eumenes II, King of Pergammon, it was
revealed by German archaelogists during excavations made after 1865 in
Pergammon and the remains were sent to Berlin. It was restored in the Berlin State
Museum and was opened to exhibition in 1871. After that date, the museum acquired
the name Pergammon Museum
A.8.4. Aphrodisias
11
A.8.5. Sardes
A.8.6. Aspendos
This antique city established in the Early age is 48km east of Antalya. Its most
important feature is its theatre. The theatre and its stage are the best preserved of
the Roman theatres in anatolia which have reached our times. It can sit 15000
spectators. It was built during the reign of Emperor Antonius Pius (134 - 164) by
architect Zenon
B.BeforeComing to TURKEY
B.1.About Your Permit
12
• You have to get an internship visa before coming to Turkey. ( Tourist visa is
defenitly useless ).
• To make the procedure easier we will fax you some documents.You will use
them to apply for the visa. These are : Invitation letter, Proof of deal we
negotiated with the Turkish government to facilitate approval of your visa
application.
• You have to take out health insurance before coming to Turkey. If you do not
have one, you cannot start working. Please check with your insurance
company whether it covers stays abroad.
B.3.Good to Know
B.3.1 Dictionary
13
Hello : Merhaba
Please : Lütfen
Yes : Evet
No : Hayır
I want : Đstiyorum
14
2 : Đki 20 : Yirmi
3 : Üç 25 : Yirmibeş
4 : Dört 30 : Otuz
5 : Beş 40 : Kırk
6 : Altı 50 : Elli
7 : Yedi 60 : Altmış
8 : Sekiz 70 : Yetmiş
9 : Dokuz 80 : Seksen
10 : On 90 : Doksan
B.3.1.3.The Time
When? : Ne zaman?
Yesterday/today : Dün/bugün
Tomorrow : Yarın
Evening/night : Akşam/gece
B.3.1.4.While travelling
Airport : Havaalanı
Port : Liman
Attention : Dikkat
Bread : Ekmek
Meat : Et
Water : Su
Beer : Bira
Ice : uz
Fish : Balık
Ambulance : 112
Fire : 110
Police : 155
B.3.3.Price List
Australia +9 Japan +6
Germany -1 Netherlands -1
France -1 Austria -1
England -1 Spain -1
Italy -1 USA
(East Coast) -7
B.3.5.Miscellaneous Facts
Electricity: 220 volts AC, all over the Turkey. The voltage is clearly marked on all
hotel outlets.
Tap water: Safe to drink in all cities, since it has been chlorinated.
Interpreters – guides: Ministry of Tourism Offices and travel agents can provide
professional interpreters – guides. Travel agents are obliged to provide a professional
interpreter – guide on all of their tours.
17
C.Arrival
You should inform the Local Committee (LC) of your arrival with all the details (date,
time, flight no. etc.) at the very least three days before that date.
D.3.AIESEC Turkey
18
AIESEC Ankara
AIESEC Antalya
AIESEC Bursa
19
AIESEC Denizli
AIESEC Eskisehir
AIESEC Gaziantep
AIESEC Đstanbul
AIESEC Izmir
21
AIESEC Kocaeli
D.4.1 ADANA
There are some ancient cities on the road to Iskenderun which include Roman
remnants. Misis is on the caravan route that came from China, India and Persia.
Among the remains of Roman times, the most interesting is the
elegant mosaic of the 4th century A.D representing Noah's Ark.
Yilanlikale has the ruins of a fortress set atop a peak
dominating the River Ceyhan. Dilekkaya, the ancient Anavarza,
was an important RomanByzantine city which still preserves
the outline of the old city including two particularly worthwhile
mosaics. Karatepe National Park is the neoHittite site where
you will find the remains of the summer residence of King Asitawada, tablets of Hittite
22
D.4.2.ANKARA
Ankara the capital of Turkey is located in the centre of Anatolia province. With
a known history of around 3000,
Ankara has seen great heights in the
past. Today, Ankara is a sprawling
urban mass thoroughly organised and
well – planned and much European in
look than most of the cities in Turkey.
Its wide-open roads, large hotels,
restaurants and government offices
distinguish the city. Besides, there
are several tourist attractions in the city making it an ideal destination for the tourists.
Ankara is about as European as Turkey gets. There are touches of the mystical east
if you know where to look but the vast majority of the city is 20th century through and
through. Ankara is a huge university town and you'll find the streets of Kizilay and the
bars of Sakarya thronged with students for most of the year. Capital city status and
the presence of language schools and the above mentioned universities has brought
a sizeable ex pat community to Ankara and all this adds to
the western feel of the place. All the wings of the military are
based here and Saturday afternoon finds Genclik Park
(fountains, funfair, boat rides) full of strolling conscripts in
their various uniforms.
23
The Antalya Region, offering all the mysticism of past in our day, is now called
the "Turkish Riviera" due to its archaeological and natural
beauties. Antalya is the place where sea, sun, history and
nature constitute a perfect harmony and which also
includes the most beautiful and clearest coast along the
Medditerranean. The city still preserves its importance as
a centre throughout history in the south coast of the country, in addition to its
wonderful natural beauties. The mythological city which housed the Gods and
Goddesses now exhibits all its secrets and marvels to mankind
The climate of the province is typical Medditerranean: hot and dry in summers
and temperate and rainy in winters. Sunshine is guaranteed from April to
October and the winters are pleasantly mild. The humidity is a little bit high,
about 64%, and the average water temperature is 21.5 °C. Antalya is really a
heavenly place where the summer season is about 8-9 months long.
D.4.4 BURSA
24
UIudag is the largest winter sports center in Turkey and offers a variety of
activities, accommodation and entertainment. Thirty-six kilometers from Bursa, the
slopes are easily reached by car or cable car (teleferik). December to May are the
best months for skiing, although the area, which is a national park, is well worth a
visit at any time of the year for the lovely views and wonderful fresh air.
A seaside resort town 25 km from Bursa, Mudanya's fine fish restaurants and
nightclubs are popular with the residents of Bursa. The Armistice Museum is worth a
visit. Just 12 km from Mudanya, Zeytinbagi (Tirilye) exemplifies the architecture and
layout of a typical Turkish towm.
The Gulf of Gemlik, 29 km from Bursa has wide sandy beaches; Armutlu and
Kumla are the favorites.
D.4.5 DENIZLI
Situated in the inner part of the Aegean Region, is Denizli, a tourism city with its
numerous beauty.
The wide forests and numerous picnicking and camping areas here contribute to this
natural and archaeological richness, while its position as a stopover between the
major provinces like Izmir, Ankara and Antalya, increases the tourist attraction of
25
PAMUKKALE (HIERAPOLIS)
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean after Sicily and Sardinia.
It lies between latitudes 30.33 and 35.41 and longitudes 32.23 and 34.55 . The
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) covers an area of 3,355
square kilometres. The neighbours of Northern Cyprus are Turkey, 65
km to the north, Syria, 100 km to the east and Egypt, 420 km to the
south. The official language of the country is Turkish. English is also
widely spoken.
26
Eskisehir is one of the oldest settlements (3500 BC) in this region of Anatolia.
It was founded in the 1st millenium BC by the Phrygians. The Porsuk River and
its banks have been a proper foundation place. The city is of interest with its
museums; the Archaeological Museum which houses the Phrygian objects and
sculptures; the Ottoman House Museum which is a very fine example of the
19th century domestic architecture and has the local ethnographical items.
AREA:13.652km²
POPULATION:641.057(1990)
Festivities:
8-10 June
Alpu-Uyuz Hamamköyü
12 September
Tepriş Festivities
Alpu-Fevziye Village
June
27
D.4.8 GAZIANTEP
Gaziantep ,the biggest city in the southeast of Turkey and the sixth
biggest one in Turkey, is one of the
first settlements in Anatolia.
In the center of the city stands the Gaziantep Fortress and the Ravanda citadel as
the reminders of past. The Archaeological Museum, with its important collections
from Neolithic and the Hittite ages as well as the Roman and Commagene times,
attracts many visitors. The surroundings of the city are also full of valuable Hittite
remains. The Suzer House, which has been restored to its original beauty, now
houses the Ethnographical Museum. The Yesemek Sculpture Workshop, 30 kms
south of the town of Islahiye, is one of the world's first of this kind. Some of the other
historical remains are the Belkis, and Kargamis Ruins by the town of Nizip. Dulluk
which is close to the city center is ideal for those who would like to rest in a natural
setting amidst forest and has camping facilities.
Gaziantep is famous for its three regional specialties. First is the copper-ware
products you will not want to pass up. The delicious lahmacun (a kind of pizza) is the
second, while the third is the sweet pastry baklava, which Gaziantep makes the best
in the world.
28
Expanding into two continents, Istanbul is the capital city Turkey. A city of
contrasts it was the hub of the so-
called civilized world, for many
centuries. Istanbul therefore, has a
culture that symbolises the best of
oriental as well as occidental. The
conflicts between old versus new,
tradition versus modern, and
occidental versus oriental are
clearly visible. Today, Istanbul is a
vast metropolis, which has tried to
maintain the balance between its
two extremes, rather successfully.
29
The city known as "The "Pearl of the Aegean" or "Beautiful Đzmir" is Turkey's
third largest city after Đstanbul and Ankara and second most important port.
The 3rd largest, and one of the most beautiful provinces of Turkey is
Izmir, extending on the shores of an attractive bay, filled with ships and
yachts. Backed by mountains and facing the sea, this site offers a fine
appearance, both with its natural panorama and its modern and orderly
view. Lovely palm trees decorate the promenades and avenues, where new
and impressive buildings stand.
Walking around this charming city, one can see a lot,
ranging from the oldest remains, to the most recent
establishments scattered around.
The clocktower stands in Konak Square as a symbol of the
city while nearby the Archelogical Museum houses many finds
from the early western Anatolian civilizations. In the city
center, there is the Kultur Park (Culture Park) where the
famous annual International Fair is held.
A city of palm - lined promenades, avenues and green parks set in sweeping curves
along a circular bay. Izmir has exceptionally mild climate and many fine hotels. The
city is a busy commercial and industrial centres as well the gateway to the Aegean
Region. The magnificent coastline, lapped by the clear water of the Aegean sea,
abounds in vast pristine beaches surrounded by olive groves, rocky crags and pine
woods. Dotted with idyllic fishing harbours, popular holiday villages, and the remains
of ancient civilisations, this region offers an exceptionally attractive venue for
meetings, incentives and conferences.
Kocaeli is mostly known by its district center, Izmit. The ancient name
of the city is Nikomedia. Remains from Roman and Byzantine times may be
seen here, among which are the citadel, the Temple of Augustus and the
agora.
30
31
32
Yeah this word means so much for Turkish people. Because they gave their life and
their belief during the world war to be free and independent. Now we are
independent and TROJA was the most important point in that war because we won
first victory in TROJA so that we can say there the start point of our independence.
When you raise your head straight to horizon you will be disappointed because of
you haven’t been to TROJA before In that moment…...
33
In these density of historical knowledge you need just one thing to be relax yes you
are right SWĐMMĐNG!!!!!!!!
You will lose yourself in deep and eternal mix of blue-green in the
AEGEN SEA!!!!!!
Hey TRAĐNEE!!!!!!!!
Most of people dead, some leaders realised their ambitions, some families are
still swear and curse to war. We lived war in Gallipoli. Now only monuments left
from war but if you leave from TURKEY without seeing them you can’t find out
what were damages of I. World war not only
34
AIESEC in TURKEY
RECEPTION TURQUOISE
D.6.2. Congresses
D.7.Evaulations
You will have to meet the ‘Reception Coordinator’. You will have to fill in an ‘expectation form’,
‘.mid-term evaluation’ as well as a ‘post evaluation form’
You have to write a traineeship report, with your comments on the company and LC.
D.8. Other Useful Information
Turkish post and telephone officesare easily recognizable by their “PTT” and “Türk
Telekom” signs. Majorpost offices are open 8:00 – 24:00, Mon.-Sat.; and 9:00 –
19:00,Sun.Small post offices have the same hoursas government offices.
35
Shops 9:30 – 19:00 ( Intourist areas, closing times vary, some close
aroundmidnight )
D.8.3.Official Holidays
36