=175)= ADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATION, 1972 | PURE MATHENATICS PAPER I | Time alloved: Three hours Ansver any SEVEN questions a For non-negative integers k -+- »%, be m+1 distinct real numbers. Show thet for an arbitrary real mmber y, , there exists a polynoaial g(x) such that g(x.) =y, and @(x,) = e(x,) = +++ = e(x,) = 0. Hence or othervise, show that for arbitrary real mmbers y, »¥, » +++ »¥, not all equal to zero, there exists a polynomial h(x) of degree 0 and z2=-a+ ib. (4) Find a and », end express z in the forn r(cos 6 + i sin @) with r>0. ° (44) Taking z°=1 , find the least positive integer n for which nel Ptaltere te ao, (444) Let c= (2%: & is a nonnegative integer} and T= (z*: k is a non-negative integer} . Shov that each of the sets S end 7 contains a finite nunber of elements and thet s#T. (iv) Using the point with cartesian coordinates (x , y) on a plane to represent ihe complex number x + ty , plot the two sets S and T ona plane.thematice I (Cont'd. ) - 78 - 8 A and B are sets, Ax B their cartesian product and p: AX B+A, q: A» BB the projections. (i) If £:0+A,6:C>B and $:C+AXB are mappings such that pop =f end qed =, find ¢(c) for an arbitrary © €C. Hence show that for mappings f and g , there exists a unique ¢ such that pod =f and gop =g- (ii) Is 9 injective ir £ and g are both injective? (444) Is § surjective if f and g are both surjective? F 8, ee = 9. For positive real numbers a, ,..., 0, , let G(a, , >a.) a Bs &, (geometric meen) and Ala, , -.. 5 a, (erithmetic meen) . (i) Show that it sa, then Gla, ,...,2,) = Raipkortie,) ee = (ii) Show thet ir @) > --- 0, are not ell equal, then there is one e, vhich is greater then G(a) , ... , ¢,) and there is one a, vhich is less then G(a, , ... , a)) . 3 (ii) Let a, > Gla, , ..- >9,)>4,, and let af = Gla, ,-.., 0) 5 1 8) = 9, Bh = Spy Amd of aja /Gle, 0 >) - pesialo2V)--- : Snow that G(of , ... , e5) = Gla, , ... , a) and Alois) yeh )< Ale)». , 0). (iv) Using the results etove, show thet G(a, , ... , a.) Ale, -.., @,) and that the equelity holds if and only if on ante. (Copyright reserved)1. (a) (b) (a) (b) (ec) or ADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATION, 1971 . PURE MATHEMATICS PAPER II Ti Answer any SEVEN questions alloved: Three hours A triangle ABC is such that A= (0, -3) , B= (3,1), the equation of BC is x + 2y-5=0, and the equation of the median AM through A is 5x-y -3=0. Find (i) the equation of the line through C and perpendicular to AB , (ii) the distance fron C to AB, and (444) the coordinates. of the centroid of the triangle ABC . Prove that the tangents with slope. m to the hyperbola x2/a2 - y2/o2 =k are y = mx + /k(am - v2) . Hence or otherwise, find the equation of the locus of the point from which the tvo tangents to the hyperbola are perpendicular. Bi Let f(x) = —— (x # 2). x-2 (4) Find the asymptotes of the graph y = f(x) ; (14) Find the maxima ond minima of f(x) ; (141) Sketch the graph of y = f(x) . Evaluate vim £2 cosbx x*0 Using a definite integral or othervise, find j j Lim 1? + 2P + + nP ne Q nptl q Pp 4s @ positive integer.Pure Mathematics IZ (Cont'd.) - 80 - 3. Let a be a positive mmber and f(x) = ax? + 2x - a. (4) sxeten the graph of f(x). (4i) Prove thet the equation f(x) = 0 has tvo reel roots and that the larger one is positive and less than both 1 and % while the smaller one is less than -1 . (41) Tet a) =0. For n=2,3,...,1et a, be the Positive root of the equation 2 sox - a) = aye te-a 0. Find lim me let n be a positive integer. (i) Find the roots of x"-1=0; (41) Prove that XP 1 = (x2 ~ 1) 22 ~ ax cos B+ 1)(x2 ~ 2x cos 41)... (n=) Vx? - 2x cos +) 5 (444) Using (44) or otherwise, show that sin = sin 2%... sin fooue : (a) (i) For any non-negative integer m, let I= Prove the folloving recurrence formla ax (31) Suppose that ‘ ine terms of A. 4 () a l2 -x ~ x2lax . “i (c) Let f+ be a continuous function defined on the interval [s, b] . Prove that > ii f(x) & < ie f(x) x > 2) is true, then I(n - 1) is true. (4i4) Prove that I(n) is true for every positive integer n . (b) Prove that f(x) = sin x is convex on [0, x] , and hence thet Ot oo. + On ” XL 0. + 5: < g(sin 0, + sine, +... + sin 8.) < sin for O< 6, 37] - (v) Prove that if x # (2k +1)x for any integer k , then (-a)"& = cos x + cos 2x =... + (-2)"eos mx) = S050 DE - x 2cos > 2 (c) Using (a) and () or otherwise, prove that the function & defined by g(x) = (-2)°( ~ sin x + SRE _ 4 (-3)P SDE -negat: 0, ot is non-negative on [0 , eTPure Mathezatics II (Cont'd.) - 82 - (a) (b) - (a) (>) ‘The Archimedean axion states that for every real number x there is a netural number M>x. Let a be a non-negative nunber. Making use of the Archimedean axion or othervisc, prove that if ag Biv for every positive integer n, then a=0. Let a,b,c be three positive numbers such that a>b>ec - Prove that if for every integer n there isa triangle 4(n) whose sides are a,b" and c", then a= and every triangle 4(n) is isosceles. Let £,(x) = (x - a)? +b? , £,(x) = (x - €)? + a? where a@,b,¢,4 are real numbers end arc. Set F(x) = Max {ty(x) , £2(x)} for all x (vex (= Ke eo ) t if t2s - (i) Find x, such thet x, ‘0 f,(x) if reel e f(x) if x x, 0 (44) Find x, such that F(x,) < F(x) for all x . Making use of (n) or otherwise, solve the following problem: Two persons are at points p, ,p, separated by a straight linc L ona plene. They vant to see each other at sone point on L ‘nd agree that whoever arrives there.first should vait for the other. Assuning that they start at the same tine end walk at the sare speed, find the point P on L so that they can meet within the shortest time. (Copyright reserved)