MATERIALS AND METHODS

Collection of Siriguelas Bark and Leaves

Siriguelas bark and leaves (Spondias purpurea) will collected from Kabalalahan,

Buenavista Agusan del Norte. They will be carefully selected and only the mature ones

will be gathered.

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/80/1f/24/801f24e3b1ab111ba30344c45965a9f0.jpg

Figure 1. Siriguela Bark and Leaves Collection Figure 2. Map of Kabalalahan, Buenavista

Preparation of Bark and Leaves

After the collection, it will be then washed thoroughly with water in order to

remove the dust and dirt particles of the bark and leaves. It will be then air-dried (Figure

1.4) and stored away from unnecessary things and objects to ensure its natural and

essential oil to be preserved (Marriott 2001).

Figure 4. Preparation of Leaves

Figure 3. Preparation of bark
https://www.foap.com/photos/siriguela-18df5257-
79bf-4cff-a840-94572d5c54b4
Laboratory Testing of Siriguela Bark and Leaves
The 500 grams of air-dried Siriguela bark and leaves will be submitted to the

Department of Science and Technology at Ampayon, Butuan City where the extraction

will occur. The procedure for the conduct of Antimicrobial Screening was obtained from

the book entitled “A Guidebook to Plant Screening: Phytochemical and Biological,”

wherein the Assay method used was paper disc diffusion using 6mm diameter disc

(DOST 2019).

Figure 5. Location of Ampayon, Butuan City,

Philippines

Collection and Computation of Gathered Data

After the experiment, we then gather and compute the gathered results and

determine the, lethal concentration of 50 and its regression analysis. Using the formula of

n ∑ xy−(∑ x)(∑ y) n ∑ xy−(∑ x)(∑ y)

r= , b= n ∑ x2 −(∑ x)2
and a=y − bx
√[n ∑ x2 −(∑ x)2 ][n ∑ y2 −(∑ y)2

Experimental Design and Analysis

 This study makes utilization of experimental design explicitly the factorial structure. The

application of the Bio-friendly insecticidal activity of the Cacao extract should go as follows of

the decision flow chart in figure 1 below.

Overview towards the collection, extraction and results of the conducted experiment

should dictate the details.

Collection and Preparation

Submission of samples

Testing on Ants

Significant Not Significant

Tested results

Factorial Design
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter includes the results, data and analysis, statistical interpretations,

discussion and comparison to finished thesis, discussion of possible errors and practical

applications.

The tables below show the results from the Department of Science and

Technology, given the volume of extract as 15 mL, and the culture collection number

Staphylococcus aureus (BIOTECH 1582) it was all place in a series of tables and graphs.

Antimicrobial Screening Test Results of Siriguelas (Spondias purpurea) Bark

Extract

Test Results of Siriguelas Bark

18
16
14
Zone of Inhibition (mm)

12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average
Trail Samples

Table 1: Results of Siriguela Bark

Findings have been gathered and were placed in a single bar graph. Table 1

shows a visual representation of the gathered findings of the antimicrobial activity of the

Siriguela bark. Data in Trial 1 showed the Zone of Inhibition of the Siriguela Bark
Extract was a total of 14 millimeters coverage in distance. It revealed that it wasn’t much

effective against the staphylococcus, but as time progresses data of trial 2 revealed

significant amount of changes compared to trial 1 as it resulted to be much more effective

to be an antimicrobial specimen and it covered a distance of 16 millimeters against

staphylococcus. In addition, trial 3 has the same amount of progress with trial 2 as it

revealed a 16 millimeter coverage distance of antimicral activity against the

staphylococcus bacteria. Having to gather the resulted data it showed to have an average

Zone of Inhibition of 16 millimeters only.

Antimicrobial Screening Test Results of Siriguelas Leaves (Spondias purprea)

Extract

Test Results of Siriguelas Leaves Extract

19.2
19
18.8
Zone of Inhibition (mm)

18.6
18.4
18.2
18
17.8
17.6
17.4
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average
Trial Samples

Table 2: Results of Siriguela

Leaves

Data results have been gathered and contributed to a single selection of a Bar

graph. Table 2 shows a visual representation of the given data and findings. Trial 1 has
presented a recent progress of 18 millimeter Zone of Inhibition coverage against the

bacteria Staphylococcus. Furthermore, a progress has been made in second trial with a

result of having a zone inhibition of 19 millimeters in the area of the bacteria and trial 2

showed the most highest coverage out of all the trials. However, the third trial showed a

finding of 18 mm in the zone inhibition and showed to have decreased with an amount of

“one” compared to the second trial. On the other hand, all data were been gathered and

concluded to have an average of only 18 millimeters in zone inhibition.

Report of Microbiological Analysis of Siriguela Bark Extract

Sample Sample Description Parameter Result Zone of

Code Inhibition (mm)
MIC-0690 Siriguela (Spondias Staphylococcus
purpurea) Bark aureaus
Trial 1 14
Trial 2 17
Trial 3 17
Average 16
Analysis of Result:
<10mm, Inactive
10-13mm, partially
active
14-19mm, active
>19 mm, very active

Table 3: Report of Siriguela

Bark
A report result of the given data by the Department of Science and Technology of

the Siriguela Bark. A series of trials were performed in order to obtain the gathered

findings of the siriguela bark extract. Trials 2 and 3 showed significant amount of

progress of zone inhibition, compared to the first trial as it only showed 14mm of zone

inhibition. On the contrary, all results were being added and divided to get a total average

of 16 which will be then used to analyze the findings. The analysis shows that the total
average of 16, belonged to the category of being only an active component for

antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus.

Report Results of

Comparison of the Significant Findings

Applications

Many infections and diseases today are caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Present-day issues of disease by Staphylococcus aureus are depicted against a brief

historical record of the evolution of the multiple anti-microbial resistant 'medical staph' or

‘hospital staph’, which caused such enormous problems of hospital cross-contamination

in the 1950's and 1960's (Williams R.F. 1979). This problem will little by little find a

solution