STEEL DESIGN

November 2019 Review

STEEL DESIGN b. 148.8 MPa d. 78.84 MPa
3. What is the allowable bending stress if it has a simple span of 6
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the box meters?
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. a. 163.68 MPa c. 126.81 MPa
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 2 only. b. 148.8 MPa d. 78.84 MPa
4. What is the allowable bending stress if it has a simple span of 9
BENDING OF MEMBERS meters?
a. 163.68 MPa c. 126.81 MPa
Value of Lc and Lu b. 148.8 MPa d. 78.84 MPa
The value of Lc is the smaller and the value and Lu is the larger in the two
equations below. SITUATION 2: A 572 Grade 65 steel with Fy = 448 MPa is used as a simple
beam to carry a concentrated load P at the center of its span on a 6m simply
1.
√ supported span. The beam is W 12 x 14 section having the given properties
shown.
2. Properties of W 12 x 14
Weight of beam = 204.76 N/m
Parameter to be compared: Unsupported Length, L Area = 2658 mm
2

Depth (d) = 302.514 mm

Laterally < Lc < Partially < Lu < Laterally
Supported Supported Unsupported Flange Width (bf) = 100.787 mm
Flange Thickness (tf) = 5.690 mm
1. Laterally Supported Section Web Thickness (tw) = 5.029 mm
3
Section Modulus = 242 529 mm
Parameter to be compared: Width-Thickness Ratio: 5. Determine the allowable bending stress of the beam if the
compression flange of the beam is fully supported against lateral
movement.
Compact < < Partially Compact < < Non-compact a. 289.90 MPa c. 245.00 MPa
√ √
a. Compact Section b. 264.50 MPa d. 236.40 MPa
Fb = 0.66Fy 6. What is the value of the concentrated load P that the beam could
b. Partially Compact Section support safely?
a. 76.19 kN c. 46.26 kN
Fb = Fy [ 0.79 – 0.000762 √ ]
b. 58.13 kN d. 35.12 kN
c. Non-compact Section 7. Compute the allowable bending stress if the compression flange
Fb = 0.60 Fy has lateral support only at the midspan.
a. 105.15 MPa c. 52.28 MPa
2. Partially Supported Section b. 77.41 MPa d. 145.16 MPa
Fb = 0.60 Fy
SITUATION 3: Given: s = 2m, L = 10 m
3. Laterally Unsupported Section
a. Tension: Fbt = 0.60Fy Superimposed dead load = 5 kPa
Live Load = 3.6 kPa
b. Compression Properties of Beam (W 460 x 97)
2
A = 12 320 mm Ix = 445 x 106 mm4
Parameter to be compared: Slenderness Ratio: d = 465 mm Iy = 23 x 106 mm4
Flange width = 465 mm Fy = 248 MPa
Flange thickness = 19 mm rt = 50 mm
√ < Intermediate < √ < Long Web thickness 11 mm
Consider bending about the x – axis.
8. What is the maximum bending stress in beam BF in MPa?
b-1. Intermediate Beam a. 118.5 MPa c. 158.5 MPa
b. 115.8 MPa d. 151.8 MPa
(eq. 1) Fbc = Fy [
9. Lateral supports are to be provided. Find the biggest distance
b-2. Long Beam (m) between lateral supports so that the maximum allowable
flexural stress can be utilized.
(eq. 2) Fbc = a. 2.00 m c. 2.50 m
b. 2.25 m d. 2.75 m
The value of Lbc shall be the larger value between eq.1 or eq. 2 10. The compression flanges are laterally supported only at the
(whichever is applicable) and eq. 3 as shown below midspan. With this condition, what is the permissible flexural
stress if Cb = 1.0?
(eq. 3) Fbc = a. 163.68 MPa c. 108.65 MPa
b. 148.8 MPa d. 130.5 MPa
However, the value of Fbc shall not exceed 0.60 Fy

PARAMETERS
Fy – yield strength of steel
Af – Area of Flange’
d – Overall Depth of the Beam
bf –flange width
tf – flange thickness
rt – Radius of gyration of a section comprising the compression flange plus
1/3 of the compression web area, taken about an axis in the plane of
the web.
Cb = 1.75 + 1.05(M1/M2) + 0.30(M1/M2)2 ≤ 2.30
M1/M2 = end moments
(+) – reverse curvature/ same direction
( - ) – single curvature/ opposite direction
Cases where Cb = 1.0
a. When the beam is simply supported COMPRESSION OF MEMBERS
b. When the beam is cantilever Effective Length Factor, k
c. When the bending moment at any point of the beam is larger
than the both end moments
d. If the frame is braced against joint translation

SITUATION 1: A W section is used as a beam without a lateral support. A –

36 steel is used with Fy = 248 MPa.
Properties of W section:
A = 24 709.6 mm2 tw = 14.73 mm rx = 335.28 mm
d = 840.74 mm Ix = 2792.9 x 106 mm4 ry
6 4
bf = 292.35 mm Iy = 90.74 x 10 mm
3 3
tf = 21.72 mm Sx = 6653.15 x 10 mm
Sy = 621.07 x 103
1. What is the allowable bending stress if it has a simple span of 3
meters?
a. 163.68 MPa c. 126.81 MPa
b. 148.8 MPa d. 78.84 MPa
2. What is the allowable bending stress if it has a simple span of 4
meters?
a. 163.68 MPa c. 126.81 MPa

John Rey M. Pacturanan, CE, MP

 STEEL DESIGN
November 2019 Review
18. Find the critical buckling load for column AC if both ends are pin
Slenderness Ratio:
connected and sidesway is prevented.
a. 2980 kN c. 1520 kN
Critical Buckling Load (Euler’s Formula) b. 2235 kN d. 3580 kN
Pc = 19. Beam AB is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 28 kN m.
What is the resulting maximum bending stress in beam AB if its
properties are the same as column AC?
Fc =
a. 410 MPa c. 320 MPa
b. 248 MPa d. 190 MPa
Allowable Compressive Stress, According to NSCP
COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSION AND TENSION
Cc = √

Parameter to be compared: Slenderness Ratio NSCP SPECIFICATION

INTERMEDIATE < Cc < LONG
a. Intermediate Column
λ = (kLu/r)/cc
FS =

Fa = (1 - )

b. Long Column
Fa = Fc

Fa =

SITUATION 4: A W 12 x 50 column has a length of 8m. Fy = 248 MPa, The

properties of the section are given below.
PROPERTIES OF W 12 X 50
Cross-sectional Area, A = 9 484 mm2
Overall Depth, d = 309.6 mm
Section Modulus, Sx = 1059.4 x 103 mm3
Radius of Gyration, rx = 131.50 mm
Section Modulus, Sy = 228.4 x 103 mm3
Radius of Gyration, ry = 49.71 m
11. What is the axial capacity of the column if both ends are fixed?
a. 809.76 kN c. 832.14 kN
b. 750.45 kN d. 868.44 kN
12. What is the axial capacity of the column if one end is fixed and
the other is pin connected?
a. 589.25 kN c. 612.49 kN
b. 646.28 kN d. 570.31 kN
13. What is the axial capacity of the column if both ends are pinned?
a. 312.71 kN c. 377.12 kN
b. 336.52 kN d. 347.75 kN

SITUATION 5: A built-up column 10m long consists of W 350 x 90 with two

12-mm plates welded to form a box section as shown. The column is fixed at
both ends and braced at midheight about the weak axis. Assume Fy = 248
MPa. Use the theoretical values of the effective length factors.
14. What is the effective slenderness ratio about the x-axis?
a. 35.98 c. 30.47
b. 37.66 d. 32.95
15. What is the effective slenderness ratio about the y-axis?
a. 37.66 c. 35.98
b. 32.95 d. 30.47
16. What is the axial capacity of the column?
a. 2508.72 kN c. 2736.20 kN
b. 2395.44 kN d. 2662.79 kN

SITUATION 6: Beam AB is simply supported at A and fixed at B. Column

AC is 200 mm square structural tubing with the following properties:
A = 9.3 x 103 mm2
I = 5.45 x 107 mm4
r = 77 mm
Fy = 317 MPa

SITUATION 7: Refer to the figure shown (on the next page)

Total Axial Load (including the weight) P = 300 kN
17. What is the allowable concentric load in column AC if both ends At the base of the column, Mx = 40 kN m, My = 20 kN m
are pin connected? Sidesway is prevented. At the top, Mx = My = 0
a. 2310 kN c. 1770 kN Column AC is unbraced at midheight about the y – axis.
b. 1180 kN d. 2940 kN

John Rey M. Pacturanan, CE, MP

 STEEL DESIGN
November 2019 Review
an axial tensile force of 106 kN. The compression flange is supported
laterally at quarter points only. Use A 36 steel with Fy = 250 MPa.
Properties of W 450 x 60
2
A = 7 590 mm
d = 455 mm
tf = 13.3 mm
3 3
SX = 1120 x 10 mm
bf = 153 mm
26. What is the maximum length of the compression flange so that
the allowable bending stress may be taken as 0.60Fy?
a. 2.467 m c. 2.476 m
b. 2.647 m d. 2.746 m
27. What is the allowable bending stress?
a. 165.00 MPa c. 125.16 MPa
b. 150.00 MPa d. 116.75 MPa
28. What is the safe value of W so as not to exceed the combined
bending and tensile stress?
a. 45.16 kN/m c. 24.27 kN/m
b. 32.48 kN/m d. 16.18 kN/m

SITUATION 10: The steel section has the following properties:

A = 0.012 m2
rt = 0.053 m
tf = 0.016 m
3
Sx = 0.00208 m
d = 0.210 m
Fy = 248 MPa.
The steel beam is simply supported over a span of 8m. It is laterally
supported at the end points only. The beam carries a uniform load of 10
kN/m and a tensile load of 600 kN. For this problem, refer to code 4.
29. What is the axial stress if the axial load only existed?
a. 85 MPa c. 55 MPa
b. 70 MPa d. 50 MPa
20. What is the allowable compressive stress for axial force in 30. What is the bending stress if bending alone existed?
column AC? a. 45.64 MPa c. 32.15 MPa
a. 95 MPa c. 103 MPa b. 38.46 MPa d. 25.89 MPa
b. 123 MPa d. 248 MPa 31. What is the interaction value due to the combined effect of
21. Determine the allowable compressive bending stress Fbx = for tension and bending?
moment about the x – axis in column AC. a. 0.824 c. 0.926
a. 502 MPa c. 139.4 MPa b. 0.876 d. 0.968
b. 148.8 MPa d. 248.0 MPa
22. Find the ratio of actual to allowable axial and bending stress in ANALYSIS OF COLUMN BASE PLATE
column AC. Assume that the weak axis of the column is
compact. SITUATION 11: An axially loaded W 250 x 89 (bf = 256 mm, d, 260 mm)
a. 0.12 c. 0.50 column is supported on a 25 mm thick base plate having a dimension of 325
b. 0.20 d. 0.29 mm x 375 mm. The concrete pedestal on which the base plate is set is 450
mm square. All steel is A 36 steel, Fy = 250 MPa and fc’ = 24.2 MPa.
SITUATION 8: A steel column 3.60 m long and hinged at both ends carries 32. What is the allowable bearing pressure on a concrete pedestal?
an axial load of 800 kN. The column is subject to end moments (single a. 8.47 MPa c. 16.94 MPa
curvature) with M1 = 90% M2. The column is part of a frame braced against b. 10.92 MPa d. 20.57 MPa
joint translation and not subjected to any transverse loading. The relevant 33. What is the maximum allowable axial load that the column can
properties of the section are shown below. Use A 36 steel. The column is carry based on the allowable pressure on the concrete pedestal?
laterally supported about its minor axis. a. 1054.88 kN c. 1257.88 kN
A = 0.013 m2 b. 1148.88 kN d. 1330.88 kN
Sx = 0.00099 m3 34. What is the maximum allowable axial load that the column can
rb = 94 mm carry based on the allowable bending stress in the base plate?
23. What is the actual axial stress? a. 789.15 kN c. 1078.54 kN
a. 61.54 MPa c. 64.15 MPa b. 906.45 kN d. 1144.40 kN
b. 65.41 MPa d. 65.14 MPa
24. What is the allowable axial compressive stress? SITUATION 12: A W 10 x 22 column rests on a base plate and on a 400
a. 133.13 MPa c. 131.13 MPa mm x 400 mm concrete pedestal. The pedestal and the base are of the
b. 111.13 MPa d. 113.13 MPa same area of the same dimensions. Yields strength of steel Fy = 248 MPa,
25. If the allowable bending stress is 149 MPa, what is the moment Le = 5m, bf = 146.1 mm, tf = 9.1 mm, d = 258.3 mm, A = 4187 mm 2, and ry =
capacity of the column? 33.66 mm. Concrete strength fc’ = 21 MPa. For this problem, refer to code 5
a. 74.40 kN m c. 63.93 kN m 35. What is the axial capacity of the column?
b. 86.51 kN m d. 75.39 kN m a. 180.46 kN c. 204.35 kN
b. 195.42 kN d. 172.47 kN
COMBINED AXIAL TENSION AND BENDING 36. What is the bearing capacity of the pedestal?
a. 946.78 kN c. 1176 kN
NSCP CODE b. 900.37 kN d. 1094 kN
37. What is the minimum required thickness of the base plate?
a. 18 mm c. 15 mm
b. 20 mm d. 22 mm

SITUATION 9: A W 450 x 60 beam having a simple span of 6m carries a

uniform load W in kN/m throughout its span. The beam is also subjected to

John Rey M. Pacturanan, CE, MP