Anthropology

- The Greek root word “anthrop” means “human”.

- The study of human societies and cultures and their development.

A. The Spiritual Self

Spiritual self is our inner self psychological self. It is comprised of our self-perceived abilities,
attitudes, emotions, interests, values, motive, opinions and wishes.

Religion

Religion is defined by Durkheim (1961) as a “unified system of beliefs and practices relative to
scared things which unite into one single moral community called a church.

RELGIOUS BELIEFS AND PRACTICES

●CHRISTIANITY

Christian beliefs center on the life of Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah promised in the Old Testament,
the Son of God (a teacher and healer) who was sent to earth by the Father to save humanity from
the consequences of sins.

→Christian believe that there is only one God. Whom they call Father as Jesus Christ taught them.

Customs and Practices

1. Prayer is the act or a practice of speaking to God.

2. Baptism is a ceremony in which someone is touched or covered with water to welcome them into
the Christian religion.

3. Holy Communion is also called the Lord’s Supper.

4. Worship Services believes gather to worship God, pray, and hear a sermon or homily.

5. Bible Study is a spiritual practice where people study the Bible alone or in a group to know and
understand the World of God.

6. Evangelism means to share to people news about Christianity.

7. Ordination is commissioned or appointed to a position with the church.

8. Marriage union between one man and one woman.

9. Divine Healing, as defined by Matt Slick “is the act of God through the person of Jesus and the
prayers of the saints where a person healed physically and/or delivered from emotional, mental, or
spiritual affection.

Islam

Islam means “submission to the well of God”. It has been considered the second largest religion in
the world.

1. Oneness of God- Muslims believes that there is ONLY One supreme God, Allah.

2. Oneness of Mankind- Islam teaches that people are created equal.

3. Oneness of the Message- Which Allah sent to his messengers to all nations throughout the
history.

Muslims base their laws on their holy book, the Quran. They also believe in the five basic
Pillars of Islam which are:

1. Shahada-is the testimony of faith.

2. Salat (Prayer)- link between the worship and God.

3. Zakat- means giving aims (or charity) to benefit the poor and the needy.

4. Sawim (fasting)-the month of Ramadan.

5. Hajj- is a pilgrimage to Mecca, a journey to a scared place.

B. The Political Self

Political self explores how social and economic contexts profoundly affect the mental health and
well-being of a person.

Politics

Politics derived from Greek word “POLITIKA”, which is etymologically defined as ‘affairs of the
cities’.

→A process of making decisions that applies to all members of a group.

→Important aspect is the capacity to influence and lead a group of people.

In 1995, Morton Deutsch and Harold B. Gerard they are the people who studied and analysed the
motives of social influence and determined the two types of it.

Two Types of Social Influence

1. Normative Influence- based on conforming to the positive expectations of others, people tend
avoid behaving in ways that will lead to social punishment or disapproval.

2. Information Influence- based on accepting the information obtained from others as evidence of
reality.

Leadership – process by which certain group members motivates and guide the group.

Filipino Identity; (traits, values, community and institutional factors)

● Pakikipagkapwa-tao ● Mapagmahal

● Family Orientation ● Have a spirit of cooperation or Bayanihan

● Being Optimistic ● No time-conscious

●The Filipino Hospitality ● Saying PO and OPO

Democracy

●Right to voice your opinions

● Equality

● Freedom to be part of organization

Citizenship

Is not only marker of being a Filipino.

●Culture

●History
C. The Digital Self

Digital self is the act of browsing, checking, writing, etc.

● Facebook

● Instagram

● Twitter

● Google

→The digital world has brought us convenience in everything we do.

→ Shopping has become easy because it can already be done in the net.

Disadvantages

Depression- comparing oneself with others when browsing, their social media accounts.

- “What’s wrong with me”

- “ Likes”

Rusell Belk (1998) - Photos, videos statuses, texts, and emails have become very important in sgping our
digital self.

Setting boundaries to your online self – be reminded that irresponsible social media conduct could
potentially ruin your reputation.

●Tips to consider when sharing information online

→Be kind

→Think before you post and share photos, videos, and comments online

→Carefully choose your online friends