CHAPTER-IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

The raw scores have no value without their interpretations and generalization. The investigator
cannot achieve the objectives without interpreting the basic facts or material collected through
the tools used for study. The generalization and interpretations, lead towards conclusions and
suggestions. It is very necessary to get a meaningful picture of raw information collected. Hence,
the purpose of the present chapter is to analyze and interpret data collected on the tools.

“The process of interpretation is essentially one of stating what the results show?
What do they mean? What is their significance? What is the answer of the original problem?
This is all the limitations of the data must enter into and become a part of interpretation of the
results”, says Good, Barr and Scate.

Analysis of data means studying the tabulated material in order to determine

inherent factors or meanings. It involves breaking down existing complex factors into simpler
parts and putting the parts together in new arrangement for the purpose of interpretation.

“Bars facts, objectives and data nervier determine anything. They become significant only as
interpreted in the light of accepted standards and assumptions.

In ordinary life we seldom deal with bare facts interpreted. This interpretation of evaluation is
determined by the purpose to which relates the facts”.

The importance of data interpretation is evident and this is why it needs to be done properly.
Data is very likely to arrive from multiple sources and has a tendency to enter the analysis
process with haphazard ordering. Data analysis tends to be extremely subjective. That is to say,
the nature and goal of interpretation will vary from business to business, likely correlating to the
type of data being analyzed. While there are several different types of processes that are
 implemented based on individual data nature, the two broadest and most common categories are
“quantitative analysis” and “qualitative analysis”.

The purpose of collection and interpretation is to acquire useful and usable information and to
make the most informed decisions possible. From businesses, to newlyweds researching their
first home, data collection and interpretation provides limitless benefits for a wide range of
institutions and individuals.

Data analysis and interpretation, regardless of method and qualitative/quantitative status, may
include the following characteristics:

 Data identification and explanation

 Comparing and contrasting of data
 Identification of data outliers
 Future predictions

Need for analysis of data

After administering and scoring research tools scripts, data is collected and organized. The
collected data are known as “raw data”. The raw data are meaningless unless certain statistical
treatment is given to them. Analysis of data means to make the raw data meaningful or, to draw
some results from the data after the proper treatment. The “null hypotheses” are tested with the
help of analysis data so to obtain some significant result. Thus, the analysis of data serves the
following main functions:-

To make the raw data meaningful

To make null hypothesis

To obtain the significant results

To draw some inferences or make generalization

To estimate parameters