1.

Choose a short poem and line by line examine the literary elements and/or the textual
construction utilized by the poet.

Dust of Snow
By Robert Frost

The way a crow

Shook down on me
The dust of snow
From a hemlock tree

Has given my heart

A change of mood
And saved some part
Of the day I had rued.

Answer:
The first line of the poem “Dust of Snow” of Robert Frost has 4 syllables. The
poet started it through showing the readers the actions of the crow.
The second line has also 4 syllables and it tells us that this crow had been flying
around and suddenly it decided to alight on a branch of one of the hemlock trees and
shake its body.
The third line has 4 syllables and the last word which is “snow” rhymes with the
last word in the first line which is “crow”. The poet used metaphor in this line when he
compares the mass of snowflakes with the word “dust”.
The fourth line has 5 syllables and the last word which is “tree” rhymes with the
last word in the second line which is “me”, which observed an ABAB pattern. This line
describes a hemlock tree where the crow shook its body making the dust of snow fall to
the man’s body.
The fifth line has five syllables. The poet used the device of synecdoche by way
of using a part to represent the whole which is “heart”. It is not only the man’s heart, but
his entire body that is now experiencing a better mood as a result of the actions of the
crow.
The sixth line has 4 syllables and the last word which is “mood” rhymes with the
last word of the fourth line which is “rued”.
The seventh line has 4 syllables. The last word which is “part” rhymes with the
first word of the first line of the second stanza which is “heart”.
Finally, the last and eight line has the highest number of syllables which is six an
dthe last word which is “rued” rhymes with the last word of the second line in the second
stanza which is “mood”.

2. Find a piece of text (prose or poetry) and interpret it according to:

A. Levels of Language
B. Sociolinguistic Code
 A. Phonetics/Phonology- the lines in the poem were pronounced in a gentle tone. The
prevalence of “w” sounds in the third line: The day was warm and winds were prosy,
contributes to have a labio-velar approximant which is the sound denoted by the letter
“w”. The end line of “sleep” and “keep” further makes the sense of calmness.

B. Graphology- this particular poem is written in the Roman alphabet, with the font “Times
New Roman”, font size of “12”, line spacing of “1.5”, and aligned text at the center.

C. Morphology- there are certain morphemes than can be found in the poem. For examples
the words “fingers” and “winds”. The word fingers is composed of the root morpheme
that can stand on its own which is “finger”, and the suffix “s”, which cannot stand on its
own and give the sense of more than one finger. Second, the word winds which is also
composed of the root morpheme “wind” and the suffix “s”.

D. Syntax/Grammar- in the poem, we can infer that all of the lines are clauses in the
declarative mood. The clauses often observed the simple past tense of the verb such as
“held” from the present verb which is “hold”, “went” for the present verb “go”. Other
verbs in the simple past tense are “was”, “were”, “said”, and “woke”.

E. Lexicology- in the poem, I noticed that there are some unfamiliar and difficult words to
define because I did not encounter this words before. These unfamiliar words are “twill”,
“chid”, and “amethyst”.

F. Semantics- the poem talks about a person who lost the jewel she is holding. The weather
is warm and windy and the person feels sleepy. Before closing her eyes, she said “twill
keep” which literally means “stay”. However, when she woke up, the gem was gone and
only memories remain.

G. Pragmatics- The poem recounts an experience that is so familiar to us. We have a beloved
one who is as precious as a jewel. But in the summer of love, its warm days and mild
winds calm and sweet as if it would continue forever. However, when we woke up, the
beloved one slipped away and only memories remain.

B.
3. Write five sentences and identify the four basic elements of SPCA rank scale.

Subject Predicator Complement Adjunct

1. The man looked sad in the picture.

2. Maria feeds those pigs everyday.

3. Our teacher would eat bananas every Monday.

4. The dog chased the cat last night.

5. The girls who won were confident throughout the game.

4. Choose a poem and analyse this according to:

A. Meter (ex. lamb, trochee, dactyl, etc.)
B. Rhythm- mark the rhythmic pattern (de-dum)
C. Give the regular interpretation of the poem.
 A Purple Cow

By Gelett Burgess

I never saw a Purple Cow,

I never hope to see one, too;

But I can tell you, anyhow,

I’d rather see than to be one.

Answer:

A. Meter- The poem entitled “A Purple Cow” has an “iambic foot” because it has 2 syllables
where the first syllable is less heavily stressed out than the second syllable. The following
illustration shows why.
Note: W- weak syllable
S- strong syllable

I ne ǀ ver saw ǀ a Pur ǀ ple Cow,

W S W S W S W S

I ne ǀ ver hope ǀ to see ǀ one too

W S W S W S W S

But Iǀ can tell ǀ you a ǀ ny how,

W S W S W S W S

I’d ra ǀ ther see ǀ than to ǀ be one,

W S W S W S W S
B. Rhythm-
The rhythm of the poem “A Purple Cow” has a rhythm of “de-dum pattern”
because the first syllable is less stressed, followed by the next syllable which is more
stressed. Then the next syllable is less stressed followed by a more stressed syllable, and
so on. This is represented by “de” and “dum” where “de” stands for the less stressed
syllable and “dum’ stands for the more stressed syllable. The following shows why.

I ne ǀ ver saw ǀ a Pur ǀ ple Cow,

W S W S W S W S
de dum de dum de dum de dum
 I ne ǀ ver hope ǀ to see ǀ one too
W S W S W S W S
de dum de dum de dum de dum

But Iǀ can tell ǀ you a ǀ ny how,

W S W S W S W S
de dum de dum de dum de dum

I’d ra ǀ ther see ǀ than to ǀ be one,

W S W S W S W S
de dum de dum de dum de dum

C. Regular Interpretation
The poem entitled “A Purple Cow” is actually a non-sense poem and tells about a
person who was the speaker in the poem. This person never saw a cow that is purple in
his entire life, which can be seen in the first line. But if the person saw this purple cow, he
wished and hope that he will not see even one of them. However, he rather choose to see
this strange animal even he doesn’t want to than to be that purple cow.

5. Present a narrative literary piece you have chosen and interpret this using the Labov’s
model of natural narrative.

Narrative Category
 The king of the jungle who happened to be a boastful and
rude lion came out with a large thorn in his palm. He went to the
Abstract clever fox for help but the fox gave him a condition. The lion
was left with no choice but planned to have revenge. But it was
him who kneeled down in the end.
At noon, a lion was chasing a rabbit in the middle of the
Orientation forest but a large thorn got into his palm.

The large thorn in the lion’s palm was very painful so he

Complicating Action went to the clever fox and his little friend for a help. But the fox
said that his little friend will only help him if he let him kicked
his butt five times.
The lion planned to eat the fox’s little friend but it was
Resolution actually a porcupine. The fox kicked his butt and the thorn was
pulled out but the lion can’t have his revenge because the
porcupine was covered with thorns.
Superior and larger creatures should never discriminate and
Evaluation disrespect the inferior ones so that at times of needs, everyone
will help each other unconditionally.
The lion was very much disappointed in thinking that his
Coda revenge failed. He had no other choice but to bow down before
the clever fox.

6. The particular grammatical facility used for capturing experience in language is the
system of TRANSITIVITY. There are six processes represented in the language.
Examine patterns of transitivity in a text that you will select. You may also use
individual sentences of your construction as another choice.

A. Material Process
The blender mixed the fruits.
Actor Process Goal

B. Mental Process
The boys understood the lesson.
Sensor Process Phenomenon

C. Behavioural Process
Anna laughed in my discussion.
Behaver Process Circumstance

D. Verbalisation Process
The judge announced that the game had been cancelled.
Sayer Process Verbiage

E. Relational Process
My mother is the best teacher.
Identified Process Identifier

F. Existential Process
There was a diamond.
Existent
 7. Get a short poem and identify the narrator’s point of view and explain the nature of
this type of narration. You may use any of the poem previously used in this text.

Annabel Lee
By Edgar Allan Poe

Point of View:

In the poem “Annabel Lee”, Edgar Allan Poe used the first person point of view. This is
because he is the one who narrated the story of the poem from his own experience. In fact, we
can see the pronoun “I” in the entire poem. Basically, he is included in the poem because he had
a connection with Annabel Lee because she is actually his lover who unfortunately died.

In addition, it can be noticed that the poet used first person so that his feelings and thoughts
can be easily relayed to the readers through the poem. The nature of the poet’s narration is
lingering to the minds of the readers because it is a narration of happy moments which slowly
turned to sad scenarios and finally turned to a tragic memory.

8. Give 3 sentences each exemplifying narrative transposition of a.) narrative report of

speech and b.) narrative report of thought.

A. Narrative Report of Speech

1. She spoke about their schedule of practice for the following day.
2. She talked about her vacation for the day ahead.
3. She narrated a poem the other day.
B. Narrative Report of Thought
1. I wondered about the deadline of my requirements.
2. Tina thought about the food she ate the other day.
3. The teacher wondered about his student’s performance.

9. Find a dialogue with non-syntactic expressions (not English sentences but dialogue
responses) and translate their meanings into correct English sentences.

Boy: Do you live here?

Girl: Yeah. Ayudarte con algu? (nodding her head)
Boy: Can I borrow your phone?
Girl: Uhmm.. OK. (hands phone to the boy)

Translation:
 Boy: Excuse me! Do you live here in Spain?

Girl: Yes. How can I help you?

Boy: I forgot to bring my phone and I want to call my mom. Can I borrow yours?

Girl: Yes. You can borrow mine. Here is my phone.

10. Present an extract from a text message you make with a friend or classmate and
identify the elements that indicate the sub-worlds which are projected in the
conversation in your text.

11. Give a.) five sentences and explain the metaphor in terms of the target and source
domain and b.) five sentences using metonymy.

A.
1. This relationship is almost at the finish line.
 Target Domain: The target domain in this sentence is love because if we are
going to analyse the sentence, “love” is the topic that the person wants to
describe. Through the help of the phrase “this relationship”, we can infer that
it is what the author wants to point out.
 Source Domain: The source domain in this sentence is race because it is the
concept that provides the vehicle for the metaphorical transfer. Since there is a
phrase which is “at the finish line”, we can infer that it is about race.
 Metaphor: LOVE IS A RACE

2. If I chose this, what seeds will I be planting for the future?

 Target Domain: The target domain in this sentence is decisions because
“decisions” is the topic that the person wants to describe. He wants to point
out how hard it is to choose between options with regards to the consequences
in the future.
 Source Domain: The source domain in this sentence is plants because it is the
concept that the author draw upon in order to create the metaphorical
construction. Since there is a phrase which is “seeds that I’ll be planting”, we
can infer that it is about plants.
 Metaphor: DECISIONS ARE PLANTS

3. He got into deep water when he joined the group.

 Target Domain: The target domain in this sentence is nature because “nature”
is the concept that the person wants to point out. He wants to describe that
there is an eco-friendly relationship between nature and humans.
 Source Domain: The source domain in this sentence is social relationship
because it is the concept that leads the readers to create the metaphorical
construction. Since there is a phrase which is “joined the group”, we can infer
that it is about “social relationship”.
 Metaphor: NATURE IS A SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP

4. Allen’s feelings to Lorna treats his sickness .

  Target Domain: The target domain in this sentence is love because “love” is
the topic that the person wants to describe. It represents the feelings of Allen
to Lorna.
 Source Domain: The source domain in this sentence is medicine because it is
the concept that the author draw upon in order to create the metaphorical
construction. With the help of the phrase “treats his sickness”, we can infer
that it is about medicine.
 Metaphor: LOVE IS MEDICINE

5. My work is at crossroads.
 Target Domain: The target domain in this sentence is career because “career”
is the topic that the person wants to describe. Because of the word “work”, we
can say that that is what the person wants to point out from the statement.
 Source Domain: The source domain in this sentence is journey because it is
the concept that serves as a topic for metaphorical transfer. Since there is a
word which is “crossroads”, we can say that it is about journey.
 Metaphor: CAREER IS A JOURNEY

B. 1. We must wait to hear from the crown until we make further actions about the problem.
2. The restaurant has been acting quite rude lately.
3. My father is quite the silver fox.
4. Please give me a hand because I can’t carry this heavy box.
5. The library has been very helpful to the students this morning.

12. Give a.) five words and give at least five target domains where these words are
collocated, b.) five internet terms and their meanings, and c.) five terms in text messaging
and translate into English sentences.

A. 1. shed you insecurity- the target domain in this collocation is insecurity

2. slough off a bad habit- the target domain in this collocation is bad habit

3. a tinge of anger- the target domain in this collocation is anger

4.choose a decision- the target domain in this collocation is decision

5.do the assignment- the target domain in this collocation is assignment

B. 1. DNS (Domain Name Servers)

- are the Internet’s equivalent of a phone book. They maintain a directory of
domain names and translate them to Internet Protocol addresses.

2. Hypertext
- a software system that links topics on the screen to related information and
graphics, which are typically assessed by a point-and-click method.

3. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

 - is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a
server to a client using the Client-server model on a computer network.

4. Baud

- a unit of transmission speed equal to the number of times a signal changes state
per second. For one baud is equivalent to one bit per second.

5. URL (Uniform Resource Locators)

- are the web browser addresses of internet pages and files. A URL works together
with IP addresses to help us name, locate, and bookmark specific pages and files for our
web browsers.

C. 1. OMG (Oh My God)

- Oh My God! Dad bought me an expensive car.

2. TYL (Text You Later)

- Mom gave me an errand so text you later.

3. OOTD (Outfit Of The Day)

- My outfit of the day is a pink dress with white shoes.

4. NVM (Never mind)

- Never mind, I’ll bring my own food.

5. SMS (Short Message Service)

- I have 20 unread short message services.

13. Identify at least 10 new words relating to stylistics, give their meanings, and how these
words relate to your teaching of language and literature.

1. Bling (n): Expensive, ostentatious clothing and jewelry.

2. Bromance (n): A close but non-sexual relationship between two men.
3. Chillax (v): Calm down and relax.
4. Crunk (adj): Very excited and full of energy
5. D’oh (ex): Exclamation used to comment on a foolish or stupid action, especially
one’s own.
6. Guyliner (n)- Eyeliner that is worn by men.
7. Illiterati (n)- People who are not well educated or well informed about a particular
subject or sphere of activity.
8. Jeggings (n)- Tight-fitting stretch trousers for wome, styled to resemble a pair of
denim jeans.
9. La-la land (n): A fanciful state or dream world. Also, Los Angeles.
10. Locavore (n): A person whose diet consists only or principally of locally grown or
produced food.
14. Write an essay on your reflections of the different units on stylistics in the text.

I cannot deny the fact that stylistics greatly and directly affects my development
in understanding the linguistic and tonal styles of text. It taught me how to understand the
language deeply and critically.
This subject was taught to us effectively because I really learned a lot of things
and I can say I can now examine the nature of a certain text which I cannot do before.
First, it taught me what stylistics is and how is it important for teachers. I learned
the different levels of language and how to apply this in a certain poetry. I also learned
about grammatical rules as well as the different styles. I can now identify the rhythm and
metre of a poem, the style and point of view of the poet, and the techniques of speech and
thought presentation. Finally, I learned about metaphor and metonymy being applied in
sentences.
Indeed, stylistics got my creativity of examining language out from me. This
subject is truly essential especially that the field of specialization that I am pursuing an
English professor. This is a stepping stone for me to teach language more effectively in
the future.