AGRARIAN LAW & SOCIAL LEGISLATION OUTLINE

(GEFER R. MANCOL)

CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY

A. Definition of Agriculture
▪ 3 Stages of Agricultural Development

B. Definition of Land Tenure

C. Related Concepts
▪ Divine Right of Kingship
▪ Feudalism
▪ Spanish Encomienda System (Latin America & Philippines)
▪ Regalian Doctrine
▪ Land Registration Act of 1902
▪ Public Land Act of 1902
▪ Friar Lands Act
▪ Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933
▪ Sugarcane Tenancy Contracts Act of 1933
▪ Republic Act 34 of 1946 (Agricultural Sharing)
▪ Republic Act 1160 of 1954 (National Resettlement and Rehabilitation)
▪ Republic Act 1199 of 1954 (Tenancy Rights)
▪ Agricultural Land Reform Code of 1963
▪ P.D. No. 2 of 1972
▪ P.D. No. 27 of 1972

D. Police Power as Doctrinal Basis of Agrarian Reform

 Associacion de Agricultores v. Talisa-Silay Milling, G.R. No. L-19937, Feb.

19, 1979, 88 SCRA 294 (1979)

CHAPTER II
AGRICULTURAL LEASEHOLD CONCEPT

A. AGRICULTURAL LAND REFORM CODE (R.A. No. 3844)

▪ Repayment scheme and credit assistance
▪ Jurisdiction on Agrarian disputes
▪ Special Agrarian Courts

B. DEFINITION OF TERMS (Section 166, Chapter IV, R.A. No. 3844)

▪ Modes of Land Tenure Allowed under R.A. No. 3844
▪ How leasehold relationship is established
▪ Parties to Leasehold Relation

C. ESSENCE OF LEASEHOLD RELATIONSHIP

▪ Tenurial Arrangement of Leasehold
▪ Security of land tenure
 Caballes v. DAR, G.R. No. 78214, Dec. 5, 1988
▪ Family-sized Farm Determination
 Recto v. Billones, DARAB Case No. 13579, June 25, 2010 (See Barte,
Agrarian Reform Law Revisited, 2015 Ed., p. 36)
▪ Extinguishment of Leasehold Relation
▪ Obligations of the Lessee
▪ Prohibitions of Agricultural Lessee
▪ Termination of Leasehold by the Lessee
▪ Rights of the Agricultural Lessor
▪ Obligations of the Lessor
▪ Prohibition to the Agricultural Lessor
▪ Grounds for Dispossession of Agricultural Lessee
▪ Lessee’s Right of Pre-emption and Redemption

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 ▪ Lessee’s Right of Redemption
▪ Right to Self-Organization
▪ Bill of Rights for Agricultural Labor
▪ Right to Engage in Concerted Activities
▪ Right to Minimum Wage
▪ Right Against Suspension and Lay-off
▪ Irrigation Facilities
▪ Management of Irrigation System
▪ Lease of Ricelands and Lands Devoted to Other Crops
▪ Amortization Payment for Land under Leasehold
▪ Default on the part of the Lessee
▪ Period of Prescription

CHAPTER III
TENANTS EMANCIPATION DECREE

A. Phrases and Terms under P.D. No. 27

B. Tenants-Beneficiaries under P.D. No. 27
C. Maturity Date of LBP Bonds
D. Procedure in Case Landowner Refuses to Accept Payment
E. Effect of Failure to Pay Amortization
F. How Foreclosure May be Lifted
G. Sale of Lands Foreclosed under E.O. No. 228
H. Prior Notice of Sale
I. Affidavit Required to Voluntary Dealings
J. Status Quo Over Lands Covered by P.D. No. 27
K. Certificate of Land Transfer as Evidence of Ownership
L. Mechanics on Issuance of Emancipation Patent

CHAPTER IV
COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM LAW OF 1988 (R.A. No. 6657)
AS AMENDED BY R.A. Nos. 7881, 7905, 8532 and 9700

A. Transfer of private and public lands to farmer beneficiaries

▪ Sec. 3(a) Definition of Agrarian Reform
▪ Sec. 4 Scope of the Program
▪ Sec. 7 Priorities of Coverage
▪ Sec. 16 Land Acquisition (Compulsory Acquisition)
▪ Sec. 19 Land Acquisition (Voluntary Offer to Sell)

 Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines v. Secretary of Agrarian

Reform, G.R. No. 78742, July 14, 1989, 175 SCRA 343
 Roxas & Co. v. CA, G.R. No. 127876, Dec. 17, 1999, 321 SCRA 106

B. Lands not covered by land acquisition

▪ Sec. 6 Retention Rights

 Daez v. CA, G.R. No. 133507, Feb. 17, 2000, 325 SCRA 856 (2000)
 Rodriguez v. Salvador, G.R. No. 171972, June 8, 2011, 651 SCRA 429
(2011)

▪ Sec. 10 Exemption and Exclusions

 Alita v. CA, G.R. No. 78517, Feb. 27, 1989, 170 SCRA 706 (1989)
 Natalia Realty v. DAR, G.R. No. 103302, Aug. 12, 1993, 225 SCRA 278
(1993)
 Luz Farms v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform, G.R. No. 8688, Dec. 4, 1990,
192 SCRA 51 (1990)
 DAR v. Sutton, G.R. No. 162070, Oct. 19, 2005, 473 SCRA 392 (2005)

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  Milestone Farms, Inc. v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 182332, Feb. 23,
2011, 644 SCRA 217 (2011)
 Central Mindanao University v. DARAB, G.R. No. 100091, Oct. 22, 1992, 215
SCRA 86 (1992)
 DAR v. DECS, G.R. No. 158228, March 23, 2004, 426 SCRA 217 (2004)
 Roxas & Company, Inc. v. DAMBA-NSFR, G.R. No. 149548, Dec. 4, 2009,
607 SCRA 33 (2009)
 Buklod ng Magbubukid v. E.M. Ramos & Sons, G.R. No. 131481, March 16,
2011, 645 SCRA 401 (2011)
 Republic v. Lopez Agri Business Corp., G.R. No. 178895, Jan. 10, 2011, 639
SCRA 49 (2011)
 Province of Camarines Sur v. CA, G.R. No. 103125, May 17, 1993, 222
SCRA 173 (1993)

C. Land valuation

▪ Sec. 17

 Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, G.R. No. 171101, April 24, 2012, 670 SCRA 392
(2012)
 Land Bank v. Dumlao, G.R. No. 167809, Nov. 27, 2008, 572 SCRA 108
(2008)
 Land Bank v. Soriano, G.R. No. 180772, May 6, 2010, 620 SCRA 347 (2010)
 Land Bank v. Orilla, G.R. No. 157206, June 27, 2008, 556 SCRA 102 (2008)
 Land Bank v. Barrido, G.R. No. 183688, Aug. 18, 2010, 628 SCRA 454
(2010)
 Land Bank v. Colarina, G.R. No. 176410, Sep. 1, 2010, 629 SCRA 614
(2010)
 Land Bank v. Celada, G.R. No. 164876, Jan. 23, 2006, 479 SCRA 495 (2006)

▪ Sec. 18

 Land Bank v. Natividad, G.R. No. 127198, May 16, 2005, 458 SCRA 441
(2005)
 Lubrica v. Land Bank, G.R. No. 170220, Nov. 20, 2006, 507 SCRA 415
(2006)
 Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines v. Secretary of Agrarian
Reform, G.R. No. 79310, July 14, 1989, 175 SCRA 343 (1989)
 Land Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 118712, Oct. 6, 1995, 249 SCRA 149 (1995)
 Land Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 128557, Dec. 29, 1999, 321 SCRA 629 (1999)
 Santos v. Land Bank, G.R. No. 137431, Sep. 7, 2000, 340 SCRA 59 (2000)
 Land Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 128557, Dec. 29, 1999, 321 SCRA 629 (1999)

D. Land redistribution

▪ Sec. 22
▪ Sec. 23
▪ Sec. 24

 Mago v. Barbin, G.R. No. 173923, Oct. 12, 2009, 603 SCRA 232 (2009)
 Padua v. CA, G.R. No. 153456, March 2, 2007, 517 SCRA 232 (2007)
 Pasco v. Pison-Arceo Agri. Dev. Corp., G.R. No. 165501, March 28, 2006,
485 SCRA 514 (2006)

▪ Sec. 25
▪ Sec. 26
▪ Sec. 27

 Estribillo v. DAR, G.R. No. 159674, June 30, 2006, 494 SCRA 218 (2006)
 Estate of Vda. De Panlilio v. Dizon, G.R. No. 148777, Oct. 18, 2007, 536
SCRA 565 (2007)

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E. Improvement of the Leasehold Relationship

▪ Sec. 12 Determination of Lease Rentals

 Caballes v. DAR, G.R. No. 78214, Dec. 5, 1988, 168 SCRA 254 (1988)
 Gelos v. CA, G.R. No. 86186, May 8, 1992, 208 SCRA 608 (1992)
 Gabriel v. Pangilinan, G.R. No. L-27797, Aug. 26, 1974, 58 SCRA 590 (1974)

F. Variations in land acquisition

▪ Sec. 31 Corporate Landowners (Stock Distribution Option)

 Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, G.R. No. 171101, July 5, 2011, 653 SCRA 154
(2011)

G. Production Sharing

▪ Sec. 32

H. Alternative Business Arrangements (Joint Economic Enterprises in a Post Distribution

Scenario: Making Landowner-Farmer Partnership Work (DAR Adm. Order No. 9, s.
2006)

I. Conversion of Agricultural Lands

▪ Sec. 65

 CREBA v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform, G.R. No. 183409, June 18, 2010,
621 SCRA 295 (2010)
 Sta. Rosa Realty v. CA, G.R. No. 112526, Oct. 12, 2001, 121 SCRA 254
(2001)
 Ros v. DAR, G.R. No. 132477, Aug. 31, 2005, 468 SCRA 471 (2005)
 Chamber of Real Estate and Builders Associations, Inc. v. Secretary of
Agrarian Reform, G.R. No. 183409, June 18, 2010, 621 SCRA 295 (2010)
 Fortich v. Corona, G.R. No. 131457, April 24, 1998, 289 SCRA 624 (1998)

J. Mechanisms for implementing the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

▪ Sec. 41-49

K. Financing the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

▪ Sec. 63

L. Resolution of agrarian disputes

▪ Sec. 50
▪ Sec. 51
▪ Sec. 52
▪ Sec. 53

 Vda. de Tangub v. CA, UDK No. 9864, Dec. 3, 1990, 191 SCRA 885 (1990)
 Sta. Rosa Realty Development Corporation v. Amante, G.R. No. 112526,
March 16, 2005, 151 SCRA 354 (2005)
 DAR v. Cuenca, G.R. No. 154112, Sep. 23, 2004, 439 SCRA 15 (2004)
 Cabral v. CA, G.R. No. 101974, July 12, 2001, 361 SCRA 122 (2001)
 Isidro v. CA, G.R. No. L-105586, Dec. 15, 1993, 216 SCRA 503 (1993)
 Heirs of Herman Rey Santos v. CA, G.R. No. 109992, March 7, 2000, 327
SCRA 293 (2000)
 Sta. Ana v. Carpo, G. R. No. 164340, Nov. 28, 2008, 572 SCRA 463 (2008)
 Laguna Estate v. CA, G.R. No. 119357, July 5, 2007, 335 SCRA 29 (2007)

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  Alangilan v. Office of the President, G.R. No. 180471, March 26, 2010, 616
SCRA 633 (2010)
 Concha v. Rubio, G.R. No. 162446, March 29, 2010, 617 SCRA 223 (2010)

M. Modes of appeal or review from the DARAB

▪ Sec. 5

N. Authority of the DAR Secretary to nullify titles under the CARP

▪ Sec. 24

O. The role of the Special Agrarian Courts in land valuation and penal provisions

▪ Sec. 56
▪ Sec. 57

 Philippine Veterans Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 132767, Jan. 18, 2000, 322 SCRA
139 (2000)
 Land Bank v. Martinez, G.R. No. 169008, August 14, 2007, 530 SCRA 158
(2007)
 Land Bank v. Cruz, G.R. No. 175175, Sep. 29, 2008, 567 SCRA 31 (2008)
 Land Bank v. Celada, G.R. No. 164876, Jan. 23, 2006, 479 SCRA 495 (2006)
 Land Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 128557, Dec. 29, 1999, 321 SCRA 629 (1999)

▪ Sec. 58
▪ Sec. 59
▪ Sec. 60

 Land Bank v. De Leon, G.R. No. 143275, Sep. 10, 2002, 388 SCRA 537
(2002)

P. Support Services for the farmers and landowners

▪ Sec. 36
▪ Sec. 37
▪ Sec. 38
▪ Sec. 39

Q. Prohibited acts under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

▪ Sec. 73

Suggested References:

* Agrarian Law and Social Legislation (2018 Edition) By Paulino D. Ungos, Jr.
** Agrarian Reform Law Revisited (2014 Edition) By Recaredo P. Barte

CHAPTER V
SOCIAL LEGISLATION

A. Domestic Workers Act or Batas Kasambahay (R.A. No. 10361)

▪ Applicability of the law

▪ Meaning of domestic worker

 Apex Mining Co. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 94951, April 22, 1991, 196 SCRA 251
(1991)
 Barcenas v. NLRC, G.R. No. 87210, July 16, 1990, 187 SCRA 498 (1990)

▪ Minimum age for employment of domestic worker

▪ Hiring of domestic worker

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 ▪ Basic contents of employment contract
▪ Registration of domestic workers
▪ Terms and conditions of employment
▪ Rights and privileges of domestic workers
▪ Obligations of domestic workers
▪ Araw ng mga kasambahay
▪ Prohibited activities
▪ Just causes for termination of employment by the domestic worker
▪ Just causes for termination of employment by the employer
▪ Certificate of Employment
▪ Criminal Acts
▪ Criminal Sanction

B. Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 8042, as amended by
R.A. No. 10022 and R.A. No. 11227)

▪ Definition of migrant worker

▪ Deployment of migrant workers
▪ Liability of the POEA Governing Board
▪ Compulsory insurance coverage for agency-hired migrant workers
▪ Disqualification
▪ Coverage of the insurance
▪ Repatriation of migrant workers
▪ Emergency repatriation
▪ Repatriation of underage migrant workers
▪ Illegal recruitment
▪ Syndicated illegal recruitment
▪ Large-scale illegal recruitment
▪ Economic sabotage
▪ Filing of criminal complaint for illegal recruitment
▪ Prescriptive period for filing of criminal complaint
▪ Penalty for illegal recruitment
▪ Jurisdiction of the POEA
▪ Power of the POEA to order closure of establishment
▪ Effect of closure order
▪ Remedies from a closure order

C. Handbook for OFWs Act of 2018 (R.A. No. 11227)

▪ Creating a Handbook for OFWs

▪ Objectives of the Handbook
▪ Amendments to R.A. No. 8042

D. Paternity Leave Act of 1996 (Republic Act No. 8187)

▪ Meaning of paternity leave

▪ Coverage of the law
▪ Duration of the paternity leave
▪ Conditions for entitlement to paternity leave
▪ Penal Sanctions

E. Solo Parents’ Welfare Act of 2000 (R.A. No. 8972)

▪ Definition of solo parent

▪ Benefits available to a solo parent

F. Magna Carta for Persons with Disability (R.A. No. 7277, as amended by R.A. Nos. 9442,
10070, 10524 and 10754)

▪ Definition of persons with disability

▪ Rights and privileges of persons with disability
▪ Prohibition on discrimination, ridicule, and vilification of persons with disability

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 ▪ Tax incentives for benefactors
▪ Penal Sanctions

G. Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act (R.A.
No. 7610, as amended by R.A. Nos. 7658 and 9231)

▪ Definition of children
▪ Employment of children
▪ Child abuse
▪ Child trafficking
▪ Other acts of child abuse
▪ Filing of complaint
▪ Confidentiality
▪ Protection of children in situations of armed conflict
▪ Children in conflict with the law
▪ Procedure for taking the child in conflict with the law into custody
▪ Treatment of children below the age of criminal responsibility
▪ Petition for involuntary commitment
▪ Detention pending trial
▪ Automatic suspension of sentence
▪ Execution of judgment

H. The Magna Carta of Women (R.A. No. 9710)

▪ Rights of women
▪ Sanctions
▪ Aggravating circumstances

I. Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004 (R.A. No. 9262)

▪ Violence against women and children

▪ Remedies of victims of violence against women and children
▪ Battered women syndrome
▪ Venue of criminal action
▪ Barangay Protection Order
▪ Judicial Protection Order

J. Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 (R.A. No. 9208, as amended by R.A. No. 10364)

▪ Definition of trafficking in persons

▪ Acts of trafficking in persons
▪ Venue of criminal action

K. Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 7877)

▪ Definition of sexual harassment

 Floralde v. CA, G.R. No. 123048, Aug. 8, 2000, 337 SCRA 371 (2000)
 Philippine Aeolus Automotive v. NLRC, G.R. No. 124617, April 28, 2000, 331
SCRA 237 (2000)
 Domingo v. Rayala, G.R. No. 155831, Feb. 18, 2008, 546 SCRA 90 (2000)

▪ Act of sexual harassment

▪ Places where sexual harassment can be committed
▪ Obligations of employer or head of education or training institution
▪ Liability of the employer, education or training institution
▪ Penalties

 CSC v. Nierras, G.R. No. 165121, February 14, 2008, 545 SCRA 316 (2008)
 Villarama v. NLRC, G.R. No. 106341, Sep. 2, 1994, 236 SCRA 283 (1994)

L. Senior Citizen Act (R.A. No. 7432, as amended by R.A. Nos. 9257, 9994 and 10645)

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 ▪ Definition of senior citizen
▪ Privileges of senior citizens
▪ Conditions for availment of privileges
▪ Additional tax deduction for private entities that employ senior citizens
▪ Criminal offenses and penalties
▪ The Office of the Senior Citizens Affairs

M. Home Development Mutual Fund Law of 1980 (P.D. No. 1752, as amended by R.A. No.
9679)

▪ Objective of the law

▪ Corporate entity
▪ Coverage
▪ Fund contributions
▪ Term of membership
▪ Housing features
▪ Substitute retirement plan
▪ Penal provisions

N. National Health Insurance Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 7875, as amended by R.A. Nos. 9241
and 10606)

▪ Objective of the law

▪ Coverage
▪ Enrolment of beneficiaries
▪ Premium contributions
▪ Benefits under the National Health Insurance Program
▪ Health services not covered by the National Health Insurance Program
▪ Conditions for entitlement to benefits
▪ Health care providers

O. Social Security Law (R.A. No. 1161, as amended by R.A. No. 8282)

▪ Objective of the law

▪ Compulsory coverage
▪ Voluntary coverage
▪ Employees not covered
▪ Obligations of employer
▪ Effect of non-reporting or non-remittance
▪ Effect of failure to make timely remittance of contribution
▪ Effect of interruption of business or professional income
▪ Effect of separation from employment
▪ Benefits

P. The Government Service Insurance System Act of 1997 (P.D. No. 1146, as amended by
R.A. No. 8291)

▪ Compulsory coverage
▪ Employees not subject to compulsory coverage
▪ Separation from government service
▪ Benefits

Q. 105-Day Expanded Maternity Leave Law (R.A. No. 11210)

▪ Declaration of Policy
▪ Grant of Maternity Leave
▪ Maternity Leave for Female Workers in the Public and Private Sectors
▪ Allocation of Maternity Leave Credits
▪ Maternity Leave for Women Regardless of Civil Status
▪ Maternity Leave With Pay in Case of Childbirth, Miscarriage, or Emergency
Termination of Pregnancy After the Termination of an Employee’s Service

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 ▪ Maternity Leave Credits
▪ Maternity Leave Benefits for Women in the Informal Economy and Voluntary
Contributors to the SSS
▪ Maternity Leave Benefits for Female Workers Who are Non-Members of the SSS
▪ Maternity Leave of a Female Worker With Pending Administrative Case
▪ Maternity Leave for Female National Athletes
▪ Non-Diminution of Benefits
▪ Security of Tenure
▪ Non-Discrimination
▪ Periodic Review
▪ Penalties

R. Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act (R.A. No. 10911)

▪ Declaration of Policy
▪ Definition of Terms
▪ Prohibition of Discrimination in Employment on Account of Age
▪ Exceptions
▪ Penalty

S. Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act (R.A. No. 11166)

▪ Declaration of Policies
▪ Definition of Terms
▪ Education in the Workplace
▪ Education for Filipinos Going Abroad
▪ Health and Support Services
▪ Confidentiality
▪ Discriminatory Acts and Practices and Corresponding Penalties