TIMER BASED SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

2. OBJECTIVE :
The aim of our project is to utilize the maximum solar energy
through solar panel. For this a digital based automatic sun tracking
system is proposed. This project helps the solar power generating
equipment to get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby
The aim of our project is to utilize the maximum solar energy through
increasing
solar the
panel . efficiency of automatic
For this a Digital based the system. The
sun tracking system is solar panel tracks the
sun fromproposed.
eastThis toproject
west helps automatically according
the solar power generating equipment to to predefined
timing. efficiency of theTo
get the maximum sunlight automatically thereby increasing the
fabricate
system. The solara panel
DC tracks
motor thecontrol interfaced
sun from east to with
To fabricate a DC driver
motor
west automatically control
for maximum interfaced
intensity of
circuit light. with driver circuit.
To construct a model prototype solar cell movement system with a
mechanical assemble to move the panel from 180⁰ E to W.
 To construct an emergency light inverter circuit i.e. to operate led bulb
with the help of charged battery from the solar panel.
Component Used:
Dummy Solar Panel
Diodes
Resistors
Capacitor
Voltage Regulator
8051 series Microcontroller
Stepper Motor
Motor driver IC

Software Requirements
Keil compiler
Languages: Embedded C

In Our Minor Project We design up to voltage regulated power

supply. Rest part of our project we shall cover in major Project.
Circuit diagram of Our Minor Project
 Resistor

Resisto
r

Definition of Resistor
“A resistor is an electrical component that limits or
regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic
circuit.”
Capacitor
Different type of
Capacitor
 7805 Voltage Regulate IC

 In 7805 is a voltage regulated IC which convert 6v of DC to 5 v of DC.

 We use capacitor for purpose of getting regulated output.

 We require 5 v of Regulated DC voltage because our MCU work on 5 v.

. 
 LED

LE
D

Light Emitting
Diode
 Solar Panel
.
Working of Solar Panel

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY

The solar photovoltaic array consists of an appropriate

number of solar cells connected in series and or parallel to
provide the required current and voltage.

The array is so oriented as to collect the maximum solar radiation

throughout the year.
 Working of Solar Panel cont..
The solar energy can be directly converted into electrical energy by
means of photovoltaic effect, i.e. conversion of light into
electricity. Generation of an electromotive force due to absorption of
ionizing radiation is known as photovoltaic effect.

The energy conversion devices which are used to convert

sunlight to electricity by use of the photovoltaic effect are called solar
cells.

Photovoltaic cells are made of semiconductors that generate

electricity when they absorb light. As photons are received, free
electrical charges are generated that can be collected on contacts
applied to the surfaces of the semiconductors by separating electrons
from their parent atoms and accelerating them across a one way
electrostatic barrier formed by the function between two different types
of semiconductor material.
6V 4.5 A DC Battery
 Use of Battery

The simplest means of storage on a smaller

moderate scale is in electric storage batteries,
especially as solar cells produce the direct
electric current required for battery charging. The
stored energy can then be delivered as electricity
upon discharge.
 Conclusion

we designed direct current generation from solar

energy and how to store & use that enegry in
minor project.

In Our Major Project we are going to track sun in

accordance with our panel movement by using
stepper motor and 8051 microcontroller, so that
we are able get maximum amount of solar
energy.