IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System using

ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050 Module

A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Computer Science and Engineering
Colegio De San Gabriel Arcangel

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

Glen Mark T. Anduiza

Ryan James B. Torlao
Jhon Phil E. Libed
Jayverhel N. Ramos
Generico L. Guzman

<Date of Proposal Defense>

 ADVISER’S RECOMMENDATION SHEET

TITLE OF RESEARCH: IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm

System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
and MPU6050 Module

NAME OF PROPONENTS: Glen Mark T. Anduiza

Ryan James B. Torlao
Jhon Phil E. Libed
Jayverhel N. Ramos
Generico L. Guzman

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements

for the degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering
has been examined and is recommended for Proposal Defense.

ENDORSED BY:

Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Thesis Adviser

APPROVED FOR PROPOSAL DEFENSE:

Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Thesis Coordinator

NOTED BY:

Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Program Head

<Date of Proposal Defense>

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 PANEL’S APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis proposal titled: IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System
using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050 Module prepared and
submitted by Glen Mark T. Anduiza; Ryan James B. Torlao; Jhon Phil E. Libed;
Jayverhel N. Ramos and Generico L. Guzman, in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering, has
been examined and is recommended for acceptance an approval.

Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Thesis Adviser

Accepted and approved by the Thesis Review Panel

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

<Panelists' Given Name MI. Family <Panelists' Given Name MI. Family
Name> Name>
Panel Member Panel Member

<Panelists' Given Name MI. Family Name>

Lead Panelist

Noted:

Jimmy De Vera Roldan Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Thesis Coordinator Program Head

<Date of Proposal Defense>

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 DEAN’S ACCEPTANCE SHEET

TITLE OF RESEARCH: IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm

System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
and MPU6050 Module

NAME OF PROPONENTS: Glen Mark T. Anduiza

Ryan James B. Torlao
Jhon Phil E. Libed
Jayverhel N. Ramos
Generico L. Guzman

Recommended and approved is hereby accepted

by the College of Computer Studies and Engineering Department
of Colegio De San Gabriel Arcangel

Jimmy De Vera Roldan

Dean

<Date of Proposal Defense>

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Title Page i
Endorsement Form for Proposal Defense ii
Approval Sheet iii
Table of Contents iv
Introduction 1
Background of the problem
Overview of the current state of technology
Objectives of the study
Scope and limitations of the study
Literature Review
Review of related literature, studies or systems
Synthesis
Methodology
Methodology
Hardware/Software
Calendar of Activities
Budgetary Estimate
Human Resources
References

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 LIST OF TABLES

Page
Table 1 1
Table 2 2

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Page
Figure 1 1
Figure 2 2

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 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Earthquake is a weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the sudden

movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface. It is an unpredictable natural
disaster that causes great damage to humans and property such as buildings,
houses, roads, rails, etc. It strikes without a warning. It happens suddenly and we
cannot stop it but we can alert from it.

The earthquakes originate in tectonic plate boundary. The focus is point inside the
earth where the earthquake started, sometimes called the hypocenter, and the
point on the surface of the earth directly above the focus is called the epicenter
[PHIL2018].

Earthquake is express in several ways. Qualitative or non-instrumental and

quantitative or instrumental measurement exist; the latter can be either based on
regional calibrations or applicable worldwide. Non-instrumental measurements are
of great importance for pre-instrumental events and are hence essential in the
compilation of historical earthquake catalogue for purposes of hazard analysis. For
earthquakes that have been instrumentally recorded, qualitative scales are
complementary to the instrumental data. The assessment and use of historical
records is not straightforward and may lead to incorrect results due to inevitable
biases [AMR2008].

There are two ways by which we can measure the strength of a tectonic
earthquake: magnitude and intensity. Magnitude is proportional to the energy
released by an earthquake at the focus. It is calculated from earthquakes recorded
by an instrument called seismograph. It is represented by Arabic Numbers (e.g.
4.8, 9.0) [PHIL2018]. Intensity on the other hand is the strength of an earthquake
as perceived and felt by people in a certain locality. It is a non-instrumental
perceptibility measure of damage to structures, grounds surface effects, e.g.

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fractures, cracks, and landslides and human reactions to earthquake. It is a
numerical rating based on the relative effects to people, objects, environment and
structures in the surrounding. Discrete scales are used to quantify seismic
intensity; the levels are represented in Roman Numerals and each degree of
intensity provides a qualitative description of earthquake effects [AMR2008].

Here in the Philippines, the intensity of an earthquake is determined using the

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology - Earthquake Intensity Scale
(PHIVOLCS - PEIS) as shown in the Table 1.1.1.

Intensity Shaking Description

Scale
I Scarcely Perceptible to people under favorable circumstances.
Perceptible Delicately balanced objects are disturbed slightly. Still
Water in containers oscillates slowly.
II Slightly Felt Felt by few individuals at rest indoors. Hanging objects
swing slightly. Still Water in containers oscillates
noticeably.
III Weak Felt by many people indoors especially in upper floors
of buildings. Vibration is felt like one passing of a light
truck. Dizziness and nausea are experienced by some
people. Hanging objects swing moderately. Still water
in containers oscillates moderately.
IV Moderately Felt generally by people indoors and by some people
Strong outdoors. Light sleepers are awakened. Vibration is felt
like a passing of heavy truck. Hanging objects swing
considerably. Dinner, plates, glasses, windows and
doors rattle. Floors and walls of wood framed buildings
creak. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Liquids
in containers are slightly disturbed. Water in containers
oscillates strongly. Rumbling sound may sometimes
be heard.
V Strong Generally felt by most people indoors and outdoors.
Many sleeping people are awakened. Some are
frightened, some run outdoors. Strong shaking and
rocking felt throughout building. Hanging objects swing
violently. Dining utensils clatter and clink; some are
broken. Small, light and unstable objects may fall or
overturn. Liquids spill from filled open containers.
Standing vehicles rock noticeably. Shaking of leaves
and twigs of trees are noticeable.

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 VI Very Strong Many people are frightened; many run outdoors. Some
people lose their balance. Motorists feel like driving in
flat tires. Heavy objects or furniture move or may be
shifted. Small church bells may ring. Wall plaster may
crack. Very old or poorly built houses and man-made
structures are slightly damaged though well-built
structures are not affected. Limited rockfalls and rolling
boulders occur in hilly to mountainous areas and
escarpments. Trees are noticeably shaken.
VII Destructive Most people are frightened and run outdoors. People
find it difficult to stand in upper floors. Heavy objects
and furniture overturn or topple. Big church bells may
ring. Old or poorly-built structures suffer considerably
damage. Some well-built structures are slightly
damaged. Some cracks may appear on dikes, fish
ponds, road surface, or concrete hollow block walls.
Limited liquefaction, lateral spreading and landslides
are observed. Trees are shaken strongly. (Liquefaction
is a process by which loose saturated sand lose
strength during an earthquake and behave like liquid).
VIII Very People are panicky. People find it difficult to stand even
Destructive outdoors. Many well-built buildings are considerably
damaged. Concrete dikes and foundation of bridges
are destroyed by ground settling or toppling. Railway
tracks are bent or broken. Tombstones may be
displaced, twisted or overturned. Utility posts, towers
and monuments mat tilt or topple. Water and sewer
pipes may be bent, twisted or broken. Liquefaction and
lateral spreading cause man- made structure to sink,
tilt or topple. Numerous landslides and rockfalls occur
in mountainous and hilly areas. Boulders are thrown
out from their positions particularly near the epicenter.
Fissures and faults rapture may be observed. Trees
are violently shaken. Water splash or stop over dikes
or banks of rivers.
IX Devastating People are forcibly thrown to ground. Many cry and
shake with fear. Most buildings are totally damaged.
Bridges and elevated concrete structures are toppled
or destroyed. Numerous utility posts, towers and
monument are tilted, toppled or broken. Water sewer
pipes are bent, twisted or broken. Landslides and
liquefaction with lateral spreadings and sandboils are
widespread. The ground is distorted into undulations.
Trees are shaken very violently with some toppled or
broken. Boulders are commonly thrown out. River

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 water splashes violently on slops over dikes and
banks.
X Completely Practically all man-made structures are destroyed.
Devastating Massive landslides and liquefaction, large scale
subsidence and uplifting of land forms and many
ground fissures are observed. Changes in river
courses and destructive seiches in large lakes occur.
Many trees are toppled, broken and uprooted.

Table 1.1.1: PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS)

There are several thesis proposals in other countries that are trying to measure
the intensity of an earthquake using an ADXL335 Module. This small piece of
circuit can measure the static acceleration measurements such as tilt-sensing, as
well as for moderate dynamic accelerations from motion, shock or vibration. This
module is very well-known worldwide when it comes in making simple system liks
earthquake detection.

In this proposed system, we will focus more on measuring intensity using

MPU6050 3-Axis Accelerometer-Gyrometer Module. It is capable of sensing
vibrations from all the directions like X, Y and Z-axis. It is capable also to measure
the angular rotations like longitude in Y-axis and latitude in X-axis. The data that
will receive by the MPU6050 Module will be transmit by the use of the client and
server model, the ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 board can be serve as a server and a
client. This board can transmit all seismic reading via air. The developers will use
this model to become this system an IoT-based. The seismic readings that will
transmit by the ESP8266 NodeMCU board client will be receive by the ESP8266
NodeMCU board server and will be graph and log by the use of Java-based
Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake Data Logger application. It can also see the
earthquake log and download the earthquake log details by our website.

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1.2 Background of the Study

The developers will intend to design and develop an earthquake detection system
that will detect and measure all seismic activities, give an alarm when earthquake
occurs, transmit all seismic readings receive by the MPU6050 Accelerometer-
Gyrometer module, graph and log all the seismic readings received by the
ESP8266 NodeMCU board server and save it in the database, get the all the
seismic readings in the database and post it in IoT-Based Earthquake Detection
website and download earthquake log details.

The system are divided into three phases: [i] The prototype of IoT-Based
Earthquake Detection with Alarm System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and
MPU6050 Module; [ii] The Java-based application for Graphical User Interface
(GUI and earthquake data logger; [iii] The website of the proposed system.

1.2.1 Phase 1: The Prototype of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with

Alarm System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050
Module

1.2.1.1 How the prototype build

The prototype are compose of the following components:

ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 board, (It serve as a server or a client
to the system that will become a system a IoT-based) a kind
microcontroller unit board that has capable to communicate in
other ESP8266 boards wirelessly; MPU6050 3-Axis
Accelerometer-Gyrometer Module, a kind of circuit that has
capable to measure vibrations of all X, Y, Z-Axes and to get
the longitude and latitude of earthquake. It also compose of
20x4 I2C LCD module for the display of seismic readings and
Piezo buzzer and LED for Alarm System. This system needs
to connect in Wi-Fi to operate the system

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 1.2.1.2 Circuit Diagram

1.2.1.3 Functions of Prototype

The prototype will perform the following functions: [i] to detect

and measure vibrations from all X, Y, Z-Axes and the
longitude and latitude of earthquake using MPU6050 3-Axis
Accelerometer-Gyrometer Module; [ii] to activate alarm
system when earthquake occurs; [iii] to transmit all data in
ESP8266 NodeMCU server and save it to database.

1.2.1.4 How prototype works

In this phase, the prototype will detect the small shake causes
by earth’s crust movement or even a simple knock can detect
by the earthquake detector using MPU6050 Accelerometer-
Gyrometer Module. This sensor module consist of two
sensors that can measure vibrations and detect angular
rotations. In MPU6050 Accelerometer sensor, if the sensor
module is placed on a flat surface, it will measure 0g on the
X- and Y-axes and +1g on the Z-axis. If the sensor module is
placed on Y-axis, it will measure 0g on the Z- and X-axes and
+1g on the Y-axis. If the device is placed on X-axis, it will

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 measure 0g on the Z- and Y-axes and +1g on the X-axis. So
every time the sensor module detects a small shake, motion,
vibration or even the sensor tilts in different axes, the sensor
will measure the X-, Y, and Z values and produces an output
in a gravity (g) value. The output value given by the MPU-6050
Accelerometer sensor will be converted in our program that
the conversion of all seismic readings based in the Richter’s
intensity scale value of earthquake. The MPU6050 Module
can produce an output of 500 Sample per Second (SPS). The
total output of an earthquake depends on the earthquake
length.

Aside from measuring intensity values of earthquake, the

sensor will also measure the longitude and latitude of
earthquake. In the Cartesian plane, it consist of X and Y-axis
where in the X-axis is the latitude part and Y-Axis is the
longitude part. Since we need to measure in this system is the
angular rotation of the earthquake in X and Y-axis, so
therefore we can now get the longitude and latitude of an
earthquake by the use of MPU6050 Gyrometer sensor.

If the earthquake intensity reaches to III, the alarm system will

activated, red LED starts to light and the piezo buzzer starts
to buzz. The alarm will stop if the intensity drops below III and
the red light turns off and the green light starts to light.

All seismic readings produce by the MPU6050 module will be

transmitted to ESP8266 NodeMCU server using ESP8266
NodeMCU client. The prototype also display all seismic
readings to 20x4 I2C LCD.

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 1.2.1.5 How to compute the intensity of an earthquake

The measured values appear as change in voltage at three

output pins with respect to a common ground. The sensor
measures acceleration with the help of a layer of polysilicon
suspended above silicon wafer with the help of polysilicon
springs. The motion of this mass is translated into the motion
of the plates of a differential capacitor and thereby providing
an output proportional to acceleration.

Let mx, my, mz and dx, dy, dz are the values of the
accelerometer when it placed in six perfect axial positions (m
stands for the values when it placed 1g position and d stands
for the values when it placed 1g position). Again, let a = (ax,
ay, az) is the acceleration vector in x, y and z plan. Therefore,
the acceleration values can be written as:

ax = (x - mx) / dx,
ay = (y - my) / dy,
az = (z - mz) / dz

Where, x, y, z are the three axial value at all the position. If

the values are taken at zero noise condition sum of the square
of all the above values are equaled to 1.

ax2 + ay2+ az2 = 1

But in presence of noise there might be some error. And these

errors are nonlinear. It has been found that the nonlinear
Least Square problem can be solved numerically using
Gauss-Newton method [SANJ2014]

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 1.2.2 Phase 2: The Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake
Data Logger application

1.2.1.1 Functions of Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and

Earthquake Data Logger

The Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake Data Logger will

perform the following functions: [i] to receive all seismic
readings; [ii] to graph all seismic readings; [iii] to log
earthquake readings that will transmit by the ESP8266
NodeMCU Board client.

1.2.1.2 How Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake Data

Logger works

ESP8266 NodeMCU Board server will receive all seismic

readings transmitted by ESP8266 NodeMCU Board client and
Seismograph (GUI) will graph X, Y and Z values. The
application will also log all seismic readings and save it in the
database.

1.2.3 Phase 3: The Website of the Proposed System

1.2.1.1 Functions of Website for IoT-Based Earthquake

Detection

The Website for IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm

System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050
Module will perform the following functions: [i] to get the live
data in the database; [ii] to post seismic readings in web
server; [iii] to create a page of the website where in the user
can download all earthquake log details in website.

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 1.2.1.2 How to navigate the Website for IoT-Based
Earthquake Detection

The website is accessible to all. The user can navigate the

website and see all earthquake log details that are pulled in
the database. The user can also download all earthquake log
details in website.

The developers will intend to design and develop a simple

website that the user can see all earthquake log details and
download all earthquake log details in website. This website
is intended for displaying and downloading of all earthquake
readings only.

1.3 Current State of Technology

On the current process, the PHILVOLCS operates 101 seismic monitoring stations
all over the Philippines. These stations are equipped with seismometers that detect
and record earthquakes. Data is sent to the PHIVOLCS Data Receiving Center
(DRC) to determine earthquake parameters such as magnitude, depth of focus
and epicenter. Together with reported felt intensities in the area (if any),
earthquake information is released and posted in their website once these data
are determined. The devices used by the PHILVOLCS was very expensive to
operate a seismic monitoring station that can detect and record earthquakes.

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1.4 Statement of the Problem

1.4.1 General Problem

1. How to design, develop and implement an IoT-Based Earthquake

Detection with Alarm System.

1.4.2 Specific Problem

Phase One: The Prototype of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with

Alarm System

1. How to measure intensity, latitude, longitude of earthquake

accurately using MPU6050 Accelerometer-Gyrometer module.

2. How to design, develop and implement an earthquake alarm system.

3. How the earthquake detector can transmit seismic readings to

server-based ESP8266 NodeMCU to client-based ESP8266
NodeMCU Board.

Phase Two: The Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake

Data Logger Application

1. How the Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake data

logger application can receive seismic readings to client-based
ESP8266 NodeMCU using server-based ESP8266 NodeMCU
Board.

2. How to graph the seismic readings received from server-based

ESP8266 NodeMCU Board.

3. How to log all seismic readings received from server-based

ESP8266 NodeMCU Board.

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 Phase Three: Website of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with
Alarm System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050
Module

1. How to post seismic readings in IoT-Based Earthquake Detection

website.

2. How to make a downloadable earthquake log file in IoT-Based

Earthquake Detection website.

1.5 Objectives

1.5.1 General Objectives

1. To design, develop and implement an IoT-Based Earthquake

Detection with Alarm System.

The main objective of this study is to design, develop and implement

an IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System. The system
will help the user to detect and measure all the possible earthquake
movements and to be alert when the earthquake occurs.

1.5.2 Specific Objectives

Phase One: The Prototype of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with

Alarm System

1. To design, develop and implement a system that will measure

intensity, latitude, longitude of earthquake accurately using
MPU6050 Accelerometer-Gyrometer module.

The system can measure the intensity, latitude and longitude of an

earthquake using MPU6050 Accelerometer-Gyrometer module. The

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 system will also create date and time of earthquake.

2. To design, develop and implement an Alarm System.

If the MPU6050 Accelerometer-Gyrometer module detects for the

possible earthquake movements, the alarm will automatically
activated. The alarm system will stop if the MPU6050 module
reaches to zero vibration readings from all X, Y and Z directions.

3. To design, develop and implement a system that can transmit

all earthquake and direction readings to Java-based GUI
Seismograph and Earthquake logger installer using ESP8266
NodeMCU Board client.

All earthquake readings from MPU6050 Accelerometer-Gyrometer

module and longitude and latitude direction readings from GPS
Module will transmit to ESP8266 NodeMCU Board server via air by
the use of ESP8266 NodeMCU Board client.

Phase Two: The Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake

Data Logger Application

1. To design, develop and implement a system that can receive

all earthquake and direction readings from ESP8266 NodeMCU
Board client using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board server.

All earthquake readings transmitted by the ESP8266 NodeMCU

Board client will receive via air using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
server.

2. To design, develop and implement a system that can graph the

seismic readings receive from ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
server.

The Java-based GUI Seismograph will graph all seismic activities

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 received from the ESP8266 NodeMCU Board server. All values
graph by the GUI Seismograph are live data.

3. To design, develop and implement a system that can log all

earthquake readings received by the ESP8266 NodeMCU
Board server in Earthquake logger.

The Earthquake logger will log all earthquake activities received

from the ESP8266 NodeMCU Board server. All values log by the
earthquake logger will reflect in the data table. It will also save all
logs in excel format.

Phase Three: Website of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with

Alarm System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050
Module

1. To design, develop and implement a system that can post all

seismic readings in IoT-Based Earthquake Detection website.

The website will pull live data to database and post it in the website.

2. To design, develop and implement a system that can create a

downloadable earthquake log file in IoT-Based Earthquake
Detection website.

The website will create downloadable earthquake log file for IoT-
Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System.

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1.6. Scope and Limitations (note: if ever na meron sa front and back-end)

1.6.1 Scope

The proposed IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System has the
following scope:

Phase One: The Prototype of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm

System

Scope (Front-End)

Scope (Back-End)

Phase Two: The Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake Data Logger
Application

Scope (Front-End)

Scope (Back-End)

Phase Three: Website of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System

using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050 Module

Scope (Front-End)

Scope (Back-End)

1.6.2 Limitations

The proposed IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System has the
following limitations:

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Phase One: The Prototype of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm
System

Limitation (Front-End)

Limitation (Back-End)

Phase Two: The Java-based Seismograph (GUI) and Earthquake Data Logger
Application

Limitation (Front-End)

Limitation (Back-End)

Phase Three: Website of IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with Alarm System

using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050 Module

Limitation (Front-End)

Limitation (Back-End)

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CHAPTER II: RELATED THEORIES

2.1 Theoretical Framework

2.1.1 Introduction

A theoretical framework consists of concepts and, together with their

definitions and reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that
is used for your particular study. The theoretical framework must
demonstrate an understanding of theories and concepts that are relevant to
the topic of your research paper and that relate to the broader areas of
knowledge being considered.

The theoretical framework is most often not something readily found within
the literature. You must review course readings and pertinent research
studies for theories and analytic models that are relevant to the research
problem you are investigating. The selection of a theory should depend on
its appropriateness, ease of application, and explanatory power
[LABA2017].

2.1.2 Internet

The Internet is a global wide area network that connects computer systems
across the world. It includes several high-bandwidth data lines that
comprise the Internet "backbone." These lines are connected to major
Internet hubs that distribute data to other locations, such as web servers
and ISPs [CHRI2017].

The developers will use the internet to gather information on how the system
in Phase 3 can be develop and designed according to what the developers
need. By the use of the internet, the developers downloaded some tutorials
and free web template that can help in developing the system.

2.1.3 World Wide Web

The World Wide Web, or just "the Web," as ordinary people call it, is a
subset of the Internet. The Web consists of pages that can be accessed
using a Web browser. The Internet is the actual network of networks where
all the information resides. Things like Telnet, FTP, Internet gaming, Internet
Relay Chat (IRC), and e-mail are all part of the Internet, but are not part of
the World Wide Web. The Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the
method used to transfer Web pages to your computer. With hypertext, a
word or phrase can contain a link to another Web site. All Web pages are
written in the hyper-text markup language (HTML), which works in
conjunction with HTTP [CHRI2017].

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 The developers used the World Wide Web to access some of the resources
need and available over the net. By the use of the World Wide Web, it will
enable to spread of information over the internet through an easy-to-use
and flexible format.

2.1.4 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a set of special instructions called

tags or markups that specify links to other documents, as well as how the
page is displayed [DENI2000].

The developers will use HTML to develop structured documents by denoting

structural semantics for text as well as for links, quotes and other items.
Since, web browsers only read HTML tags, so the developers used this
language to design the interface of the IoT-Based Earthquake Detection
System and layout its elements.

2.1.5 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files
on the World Wide Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser,
the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol
that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols [MARG2006].

The developers will use HTTP for transferring text, graphics and images on
the World Wide Web that is necessary in accessing and navigating the site
for IoT-Based Earthquake Detection System.

2.1.6 Client and Server

An architecture in which the user's PC (the client) is the requesting machine

and the server is the supplying machine, both of which are connected via a
local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the
Internet. Throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s, client/server was the
hot buzzword as applications migrated from minicomputers and mainframes
with input/output terminals to networks of desktop computers [ZIFF2014].

By the use of the client and server model, the ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 board
can be serve as a server and a client. This board can transmit all earthquake
reading via air. The developers will use this model to make this system a
IoT-based.

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 2.1.7 Web Browser

A web browser is a software application used to locate, retrieve and display

content on the World Wide Web, including Web pages, images, video and
other files. As a client/server model, the browser is the client run on a
computer that contacts the Web server and requests information. The Web
server sends the information back to the Web browser which displays the
results on the computer or other Internet-enabled device that supports a
browser [VANG2014].

The developers will use the web browser in order to view the output of the
system being developed. Most of the time, the developers used Google
Chrome in viewing the output of the system.

2.1.8 Information System (IS)

Information system is an integrated set of components for collecting,

storing, and processing data and for delivering information, knowledge, and
digital products. Business firms and other organizations rely on information
systems to carry out and manage their operations, interact with their
customers and suppliers, and compete in the marketplace. For instance,
corporations use information systems to reach their potential customers
with targeted messages over the Web, to process financial accounts, and
to manage their human resources [VLAD2014].

The developers will have apply the theory of information system in

conceptualizing and analyzing the flow of the IoT-Based Earthquake
Detection system. The concept of on how information will be displayed on
the front-end of the system and how viewers will make use of that
information posted were served as the backbone of the information system.

2.1.9 PHP Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)

PHP is a recursive acronym for PHP Hypertext Preprocessor, a scripting

language used to create dynamic and interactive HTML Web pages. A
server processes PHP commands when a website visitor opens a page,
then sends results to the visitor’s browser. PHP is very easy for beginners
and also offers many advanced features for professional programmers.
PHP runs most efficiently on an Apache server, but it can also run on IIS.
PHP is an open-source and cross-platform language. It can be built as an
Apache module or a CGI script. As an Apache module, PHP is very fast and
lightweight, allowing for quick turnaround [CORY2010].

The developers will have use PHP as the main programming and scripting
language in translating the design into working modules. Since the

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 language is open source and cross platform, the developers will not
experience difficulties in testing the system on different web browsers.

2.1.10 Java

Java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-based,

object-oriented (although not a pure object-oriented language, as it contains
primitive types), and designed to have as few implementation dependencies
as possible [ ].

The developers will have use Java Language as a main programming

language for the software development in phase 2.

2.1.11 Arduino IDE

The Arduino integrated development environment (IDE) is a cross-platform

application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in the programming
language Java. It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino
compatible boards, but also, with the help of 3rd party cores, other vendor
development boards. The Arduino IDE supports the languages C and C++
using special rules of code structuring. The Arduino IDE supplies a software
library from the Wiring project, which provides many common input and
output procedures. User-written code only requires two basic functions, for
starting the sketch and the main program loop, that are compiled and linked
with a program stub main() into an executable cyclic executive program with
the GNU toolchain, also included with the IDE distribution. The Arduino IDE
employs the program avrdude to convert the executable code into a text file
in hexadecimal encoding that is loaded into the Arduino board by a loader
program in the board's firmware [ ].

The developers will have use Arduino IDE Language as a main

programming language for the hardware components. Since the codes are
open source, the developers will not experience difficulties in testing the
functionality of hardware components.

2.1.12 Graphical User Interface (GUI)

GUI is a computer program that enables a person to communicate with a

computer through the use of symbols, visual metaphors, and pointing
devices. The GUI has replaced the arcane and difficult textual interfaces of
earlier computing with a relatively intuitive system that has made computer
operation not only easier to learn but more pleasant and natural. The GUI
is now the standard computer interface, and its components have
themselves become unmistakable cultural artifacts [STEV2014].

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 The developers will include the concept of having an interactive graphic
user interface in order for the users to easily navigate both the front-end
and backend of the system. It quantifies and qualifies the user-friendliness
of the system using buttons, textboxes, drop-down menus, and other
clickable components with the use of any pointing device such as the
mouse.

2.1.13 Database

A database is a data structure that stores organized information. Most

databases contain multiple tables, which may each include several different
fields [TECH2009].

2.1.13.1 Data Security

Data security refers to protective digital privacy measures that are

applied to prevent unauthorized access to computers, databases
and websites. Data security also protects data from corruption. Data
security is the main priority for organizations of every size and genre.
Data security is also known as information security (IS) or computer
security [CORY2014].

The developers will have consider the theory of data security in the
overall structure of the database. This prohibits unauthorized access
of records from unintended user. Using the revoke and grant feature
of the database, the system can control who can request records and
who can make use of it.

2.1.13.1 Data Integrity

Data integrity refers to the overall completeness, accuracy and

consistency of data. This can be indicated by the absence of
alteration between two instances or between two updates of a data
record, meaning data is intact and unchanged. Data integrity is
usually imposed during the database design phase through the use
of standard procedures and rules. Data integrity can be maintained
through the use of various error checking methods and validation
procedures [CORY2014].

The developers will have implement integrity of all records found in

the database. This assures that data will not be lost nor altered in
case of some unexpected errors brought by internal or external
events.

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 2.1.14 Waterfall Model

An architecture in which

2.1.14 Wi-Fi

2.1.16 Summary

In order to achieve the main purpose of developing “IoT-Based

Earthquake Detection with Alarming System using ESP8266 NodeMCU
Board and MPU6050 Module”, the developers will use the following: Internet
for the research for further understanding about the developing system. The
developers used World Wide Web with a web browser to ensure that the
website in Phase 3 will work. Hypertext Markup Language. Hypertext
Transfer Protocol to transfer earthquake readings, graphics and images on
the World Wide Web. A Client and Server Model, by the used of this model,
the system can be easily send earthquake readings via air.

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2.2 Conceptual Framework

The research concept that guided this study is shown in figure below. It follows the
Input-Process-Output approach for the IoT-Based Earthquake Detection with
Alarming System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board and MPU6050 Module:

2.3 Project Management

2.3.1 Calendar of Activities

This should contain the detailed sequence of activities that the proponents
will undergo in completing the thesis project. This should discuss the
activities, purpose or objectives of each activity, persons involved and the
resources needed in chronological order of execution. In the succeeding
paragraphs, there should be no indentations, paragraphs are justified with

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 left alignment. Delete this highlighted section and replace it with your
activities.

Have Gantt chart of activities to summarize your activities. Use the chart
below. This should contain a chart giving when each of the activities listed
above are expected to start and end. The time unit should be in terms of
weeks and not actual dates. Fill the Gantt chart below by encoding the
activities that your group will do. Use colors blue and yellow alternately in
highlighting the duration or period of the activity. Use this introductory
paragraph:

The Gantt chart presents the summary of activities. Listed are the activities
and opposite them are their duration or periods of execution.

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Gantt chart of Activities

MONTH JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH
ACTIVITY

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 CHAPTER III: DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Hardware Requirements

In information technology, hardware is the physical aspect of computers,

telecommunications, and other devices. The term arose as a way to distinguish
the "box" and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the
program you put in it to make it do things. Hardware includes not only the computer
proper but also the cables, connectors, power supply units, and peripheral devices
such as the keyboard, mouse, audio speakers, and printers [ROUS2000].

Hardware Requirements:

Components will be used for Phase One:

 ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 Development Board (served as client)

NodeMCU development board contains a full ESP8266 WiFi

module with all the GPIO broken out, a full USB-serial interface,
and a power supply all on the one breadboard-friendly package.
The developers will use this board to become this project an IoT-
based.

 20x4 LCD Display with I2C Interface

The developers will use this 20x4 LCDs to become this project a
standalone. This LCD Display utilizes an I2C interface, which
means that fewer pins are necessary to use this product than would
be needed with a regular 16x2 LCD Display.

 MPU-6050 3-Axis Accelerometer-Gyrometer Module

The MPU-6050’s 3-Axis accelerometer uses separate proof

masses for each axis and three independent vibratory MEMS rate
gyroscopes, which detect rotation about the X-, Y-, and Z- Axes.
The MPU-6050’s 3-Axis accelerometer can measure at least +/- 3G
in the X, Y and Z axis. It is perfect for high-resolution static
acceleration measurements such as tilt-sensing, as well as for
moderate dynamic accelerations from motion, shock or vibration.
The sensor consists of a micro-machined structure on a silicon
wafer. The structure is suspended by polysilicon springs which
allow it to deflect in the when subject to acceleration in the X, Y
and/or Z axis. Deflection causes a change in capacitance between
fixed plates and plates attached to the suspended structure. This
change in capacitance on each axis is converted to an output

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 voltage proportional to the acceleration on that axis. It also consists
of three independent vibratory MEMS rate gyroscopes, which
detect rotation about the X-, Y-, and Z- Axes. When the gyros are
rotated about any of the sense axes, the Coriolis Effect causes a
vibration that is detected by a capacitive pickoff. The resulting
signal is amplified, demodulated, and filtered to produce a voltage
that is proportional to the angular rate. The developers will use this
module to measure intensity using accelerometer and longitude
and latitude using Gyrometer.

 Piezo Buzzer

The developers will use this buzzer to create an alarming system.

 Light Emitting Diode

The developers will use this LED to give a warning sign. It

represent by color GREEN means no earthquake movement
detected and RED means earthquake movement detected.

Components will be used for Phase 2:

 Acer Aspire E1-451G Laptop

Laptop Specifications:

 ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 Development Board (served as server)

NodeMCU development board contains a full ESP8266 WiFi

module with all the GPIO broken out, a full USB-serial interface,
and a power supply all on the one breadboard-friendly package.
The developers will use this board to become this project an IoT-
based.

3.2 Software Requirements

Software is a general term for the various kinds of programs used to operate
computers and related devices. Software can be thought of as the variable part of
a computer and hardware the invariable part. Software is often divided into
application software (programs that do work users are directly interested in) and
system software (which includes operating systems and any program that
supports application software [ROUSE2015].

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 Software Requirements:

 Operating System(OS) Windows 10(Minimum requirement)

The operating system will be used in developing the system.

 Web Browser(Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet

Explorer)

This application will be used to access the web pages for research
to complete the documentation of the project as well as the
developing of the system.

 PHP

This programming language will be used in coding the said online

ordering system with Email Technology for IoT-Based Earthquake
Detection with Alarming System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
and MPU6050 Module.

 Microsoft Word 2013

This will be used in making the documentation.

 Microsoft Excel 2013

The developers will use this to develop the Gantt chart.

 Microsoft Power Point 2013

This will be used in making the presentation.

 XAMPP

This program is a collection of easy to install web servers that let

the developers test web pages locally.

 MySQL

This programming language will be used in coding the said online

ordering system with Email Technology for IoT-Based Earthquake
Detection with Alarming System using ESP8266 NodeMCU Board
and MPU6050 Module.

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  Notepad ++ and Sublime

This software will be used for the coding of the project.

 Arduino IDE

This program was designed and developed using Arduino

Programming Language which is derived from C++ programming
Language or Arduino Software (IDE). The developers will be used
this software for the coding of Arduino modules and ESP8266
NodeMCU Board.

 Eclipse

This software will be used for the coding of the Java-based

application.

3.3 Database Design

3.4 System Architecture

3.4.1 Context Diagram

3.4.2 Data Flow Diagram

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:

[AMR2008] Amr S. Elnashai, Luigi Di Sarno (2008) Fundamentals of

Earthquake Engineering, A John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
Publications.

[AMR2008] Amr S. Elnashai, Luigi Di Sarno (2008) Fundamentals of

Earthquake Engineering, A John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
Publications.

[AMR2008] Amr S. Elnashai, Luigi Di Sarno (2008) Fundamentals of

Earthquake Engineering, A John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
Publications.

World Wide Web:

[PHIL2018] PHILVOLCS (2008) Earthquake

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/hardware

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