[DRAFT THESIS RESEARCH PLAN]

ANALYSIS BEHAVIOR OF HOLLOW TUBULAR-FLANGE GIRDER SYSTEM IN

GIRDER BRIDGE DUE TO EARTHQUAKE
THESIS
CIVIL ENGINEERING – STRUCTURAL EGINEERING

By:
ERIKA AINUN ZAKINAH IKHSAN

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING

I. Background
Indonesia is one of the earthquake prone countries. This was evidenced by
earthquakes that often occurred in the last ten years in several locations in Indonesia and
caused a lot of infrastructure damage in a short time. Earthquakes can make infrastructure not
only damaged but can also collapse including bridges. Earthquakes in Indonesia cannot be
underestimated because Indonesia is in the ring of fire, meaning the risk of an earthquake is
quite large. The need for efficient infrastructure planning is something that is needed by
Indonesia today, especially bridges. Efficient planning is a bridge planning that is strong,
rigid, safe and does not take up large capital. Steel naturally has a strong ratio of high-volume
weight, so that relatively light structures can be produced. This is an important factor in an
earthquake-resistant building structure. In addition, high-strength steel material, relatively
rigid and ductile. The last characteristic of steel is the ideal requirement for anticipating
unexpected loads, earthquakes.
An analysis study was carried out using the Finite Element model to study web
stiffening effects, tube diaphragms, geometric imperfections, and residual stresses at the
three-girder system load capacity with Hollow Tubular-Flang Girders. These girders have a
tubular shape as a substitute for the I-girders lower flange plates and these tubular flanges
will be hollow or filled with concrete. Then, the results for the Hollow Tubular-Flang Girder
system are compared with the results for the appropriate conventional curved I-girder system.
The results show that the Hollow Tubular-Flang Girder system is more structurally efficient
than the corresponding curved I-girder system (Jun Dong and Richard Sause, 2010). The
proposed model of tubular flanges will be studied to investigate their behavior in steel girder
The results show that the Hollow Tubular-Flang Girder system is more structurally efficient
than the corresponding curved I-girder system (Jun Dong and Richard Sause, 2010). The
proposed model of tubular flanges will be studied to investigate their behavior in steel girder
bridges if exposed to earthquake loads in Indonesia. The behavior of the model will be
compared to conventional I-section girder with the same dimensions. Therefore, it is
necessary to plan and analyze Hollow Tubular-Flang Girder systems for earthquakes that may
occur in the future.

III. Research Method

​The steps of this research are carried out according to the following stages:
1. Determine the topic to be used as research material.
2. Conduct field studies and literature on problems

Figure 1. Scheme Bridge girder with hollow tubular-flange composite girder system
looks transverse

3. Conduct testing Press pull to find out the characteristics of the material that will be
used in modeling (stress-strain)

4. Model finite elements.

Figure 2. Modeling a girder bridge with boundary conditions

1. Researcher conducts literature studies as a theoretical basis for analyzing problems.

Then modeling the girder bridge with tubular flange which will then be analyzed
using the finite element method. Researcher will use ABAQUS software. Enter data
(input file) into ABAQUS 6.11-2 module and analyze it (running process). data in the
form of material mechanical properties are entered into the ABAQUS 6.14 student
edition module to run the process.

2. Discussion of Results and Analysis wherein the experimental and simulation data are
then discussed and analyzed.

3. Conclusions about the essence that can be taken after the research.

Diagram alir penelitian

IV. (Expected) Results

 IV. (Expected) Results
Horizontal curvature produces a significant torsional
effect in the girder bridge system if given an earthquake load.
Compressive tensile testStart
in
The proposed finite element model used to predict the behavior
lab
of a new type of composite tubular-flange steel beam system has proven its efficiency in the
analysis of the type of bridge. The proposed model system of steel beam systems shows good
strength in torque compared to the typical I-section.
Field Study Lapangan Modeling of specimens using
The expected results are in the form of dataLiterature Study values and vertical
on stress-strain
Finite Element
displacement of comparisons between tubular-flange girder and conventional girder I. The
maximum ratio value obtained by strength (in voltage, strain and deflection) is lower than
conventional girder I. The smaller the value, the smaller the displacement produced by the
bridge system compared to conventional. These values are obtained from the results of color
distribution such as;

Input girder material data

(a) Static
​ girder
​ analysis
​ (b)
Figure 3. Example of a color distribution that shows the value of the voltage, strain, pressure
and displacement of the girder system due to the earthquake load

The behavior of the bridgeBIBLIOGRAPHY

girder against
earthquake loads: the maximum ratio of
American increase
Association for State
Submit
in tensile job
stress Highway
and vertical and Transportation Officials, AASHTO.
AASHTO ASD Bridge Design
Finite Element
displacement Specifications , 17th Edition, 2001. Washington, D.C.

American Association for State Highway and Transportation Officials, AASHTO. 2004.
AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Washington, D.C. 

Dong J., Sause R., "Finite Element Analysis of No Curved Tubular Flange Girders."
Engineering Structures 32(1): 319-327, (2010a). 

Putnam E., "Design, Experimental, and Analytical Study of a Horizontally Curved Tubular
Flange Girder." M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, (2010). 

Asal Mohammed , " Behavior of Hollow Tubular Flange Girder System in Steel Curved
Yes = completed
Bridges" M.Sc. Thesis , Civil Engineering Department, Al Nahrain University ,
(2014). 
 Analysis of research results

Conclusion

Finish