www.infoPLC.

net

Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS wiring/installation can be done with:

9 Copper

9 Fiber optic

9 Infrared & RF components

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS is based on RS485...

Proper
installation
Network consists of
required
RS485 segments

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS Segments

Connected via
repeaters

New segment when

maximum length or
number of devices per
segment is reached

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS Segments - Repeater

Segment 1

Segment 1
Isolation

Segment 2

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS - Segment & Network Length

12,000
10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000

10,000

8,000 Network [m]

o 99
p tto w Segment [m]
6,000 uup rroow
aa 4,000
4,000
in
in
2,000
2,000
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
400 200 100 100 100
0
9.6 19.2 93.75 187.5 500 1,500 3,000 6,000 12,000 [kbaud]

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ PROFIBUS Segments - Nodes/Devices

9 Up to 126 addressable nodes per network
9 Up to 32 devices per segment

‰ What counts as “device”?

s s !!
d rrees s
d
AAd d
U S
S
OFFIIBBU
o PPRRO
!!NNo
PROFIBUS Optical Link Repeater
Nodes (e.g. I/O) Modules
(OLMs)

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Bus Physics & Wiring

Up to 126
‰ PROFIBUS Segments - Example addressable
nodes per
Address #0 Address #30 Address #31 Address #60
network
No Address Up to 32
devices per
segment
Address #120 Address #91 Address #90 Address #61
No Address
No Address

Address #121 Address #125

No Address = Repeater

= OLM

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation
Drop Lines

Cable
Distances

Termination
Shielding &
Grounding

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - Shielding & Grounding

9 Improves EMC behavior
9 Provides a low impedance (short) return path for noise and
current
9 Reduces the emission from the bus

!!!
!!!
Shield
Shield is not alwaysconnected
is not always connectedto to
protective GND within the devices;
protective GND within the devices;
therefore,
therefore,make
makesure
surethe thecable
cableshield
shield
will
will be connected to GND beforeitit
be connected to GND before
enters
entersor
orleaves
leavesthe thecabinet
cabinet
!!!
!!!

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - Cable Distances

>= 20 cm

Cable Cable Cable

>= 10 cm >= 10 cm
Category Category Category
I II III

>= 50 cm
>= 50 cm >= 50 cm
Cable
Category
IV

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - Cable... (continued)

9 Category I:
• LAN cables (e.g. Ethernet)
• Other communication cables
9 Category II:
• Shielded and unshielded cables for DC voltages > 60V and <= 400 V
• Shielded and unshielded cables for AC voltages > 25V and <= 400 V
9 Category III:
• Shielded and unshielded cables for DC and AC voltages > 400 V
9 Category IV:
• Signal cables of categories I - III at risk from direct lightning strikes,
e.g., connections between components in different buildings

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - T-Connections (Drop/Stub/Spur)

9 Every branch or drop directly from the cable
9 Stubs to devices cause reflections (additional capacitance)
9 Repeaters are not spur-lines

Device Device
RS485 RS485

e rr !!
Internal to device ct r
uure
u a
ffac t
an u
Between device and
Man
!!M
trunk line
(A)
(B)

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - T-Connections (Drop/Stub/Spur)

600
550
500
500 500
o vvee
aabbo :
450
o pps auudd: ls oorr
s
400
r DDrro5kBBa innaals Allowed Length [m]
350 FFoor 877. .5kerrmmirs
300 118 s TTe teers
250 B uus peeaat
e B ep
200 uusse RRe
150
100 100
33
50 20 6.6 0 0 0
0
9.6 19.2 93.75 187.5 500 1,500 3,000 6,000 12,000 [kbaud]

Although
Althoughstub
stublines
linescan
cantheoretically
theoreticallybe
betolerated
toleratedatatthe
the
lower baud rates, the recommendation is to avoid the
lower baud rates, the recommendation is to avoid the use use
ofofstub
stublines
linesaltogether.
altogether.

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - Termination
9 Termination for each segment at BOTH ends
9 Termination works ONLY when supplied with power

t ivivee oxx
A cct BBo
A n
VViaianaatitoion
i in
VViaia ctotorr r mm
nneec TTeer
n
CCoon

t edd
e
rraat es
e gg s
inint te itctchhe
VViaiaP SSwwi
DDI IP

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Installation - Termination: Example

Repeater

OLM OLM OLM

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Wiring - Easy, when you use the right tools...

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Wiring - Easy, when you use the right tools...

1. How to hold the insulation 2. Match up the cable end with 3. Insert the end of the cable into
stripper in your right hand. the template so that your left the stripper using your left index
index finger is against the end finger as a limit stop to ensure the
surface of the tool. correct length is inserted.

4x

4. Clamp the cable firmly in 5. Rotate the stripper around 6. With the clamp still closed,
the stripper. the cable 4 times in the pull the stripper off the end of
direction of the arrow. the cable.

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Wiring - Easy, when you use the right tools...

7. The removed insulation 8. Pull the protective foil off the 9. After removing the insulation
remains in the stripper. After cores. from the cores, the cable can
releasing the clamp, the be fitted into the PB connector.
remnants can be removed.

* green wire A
* red wire B

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Copper is not the End of the Road...
9 Plastic, PCF and glass fiber optic available
8 Plastic - 50m between 2 Optical Link Modules (OLM)
8 PCF - 300m between 2 OLMs
8 Glass - up to 15km between 2 OLMs

9 Connections via modules or integrated interface

‰ When is Fiber Optic the Choice?
; Noise immunity & independence from potential
differences
; Cover longer distances
; Line, ring and star configuration possible
; Media redundancy
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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Fiber Optic - Optical Link Modules (OLM)

PROFIBUS FO -
Glass, PCF or Plastic

OLM

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ Fiber Optic - Integrated FO Interface

PROFIBUS FO -
PCF or Plastic
= Optical Bus Terminal (OBT)

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Bus Physics & Wiring

‰ More Options... Infrared Components

; Wireless linking of devices (up to 15m)
; Communication with moving devices
; Communication with changing devices
; Noise immune
; Ground independent

‰ More Options... RF Technology

; http://www.micro-control.no
; http://www.akerstroms.no

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