𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝟐: 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐋𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞

In exploring, we find new techniques, new knowledge, even develop new

substances, process or procedure, imagination and skill is employed by the researcher.

The commodities, new system, service, in technology are need of every student for a

better life which is the concern of the researcher. These useful arts are the product of

the technological environment and end-user is the society in general. This Chapter

presents a brief review of literature and studies, both local and foreign that is related to

these studies.

FOREIGN LITERATURE

Okola (2005) carried out a study on the factors hindering effective provision of

educational counselling services in Trans-Nzoia District and their effects on the effective

provision of guidance and counselling services in secondary schools in the District The

study revealed that: Kenyan schools have very few reference resources for guidance

and counselling; trained personnel in this area are few or not available at all in various

schools; most schools do not have sufficient funds to carry out the programme

effectively and some teachers and head teachers avoid the responsibility of running

such a programme. The study focused more on the factors affecting guidance and

counselling in schools without looking strictly into the students attitude towards

guidance and counselling and what can influence their attitude.

LOCAL LITERATURE

The family is the main unit of Philippine society, and Filipinos value family

belongingness (pagkapamilya; En-riquez, 1977). This family orientation is very much a

part of counseling because Filipinos would rather go to family members than trust

strangers to help them solve their prob-lems. Counseling practices that work best

involve the family, and family systems therapies are predominant, along with expressive

therapies in different modalities (Catipon, Dey, Garcia, & Tarroja, 2011) such as play

(Carandang, 2009), art, and music for children.

FOREIGN STUDIES

Throughout their time in school, students constantly prepare to overcome the

different challenges they encounter. They often need some type of support, guidance or

counselling to improve conditions for facing both their educational challenges and the

decisions that they have to make about their future. In this review of the evidence, we

ask to what extent do guidance and counselling programs become tools that improve

students’ situations, where do they have an impact (on educational performance, their

personal or emotional situations, their relationship with their peer group, self-confidence,

etc.) and what characteristics should they have to be as effective as possible.

LOCAL STUDIES

The study focused on the development of a scale to measure the occupational

and life satisfaction of Filipino Guidance Counselors and it is called Occupational and

Life Satisfaction Scale (OLSS). A mixed method was used in the study. There were two

phases of the study namely, Data Generation and Items Construction which included

content validity and reliability, and Implementation wherein the instrument was

administered. Respondents of the study consisted of Guidance Counselors who were

randomly selected from schools in the different levels in Regions 1, 2, 3, 4A and the

National Capital Region. Five experts in the field of Guidance, Research and Testing

were requested as Q Sort respondents and three Guidance Counselors were asked to

review and revise the items. The instrument yielded a .723 reliability index. Results

showed that the best predictors of occupational and life satisfaction was Educational

Attainment and Professional Status. Guidance Counselors were found to have a

Satisfied level according to OLSS. The study can be of good use in the hiring process,

in the review of.