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pump test set is used to have a demonstration of the basic working principle of a centrifugal pump.
Parameters such as current, waterpower, pressure drop, and pump efficiency are required to be
obtained in the course of the experiment. Using those parameters, it is also required to create a
performance curve. The group was successful in fulfilling the objectives of the laboratory activity.
I. INTRODUCTION
Pumps are machines that are used to add energy to a liquid in order to transfer the liquid
from one point to another point of higher energy level. There are two classification of pumps,
dynamic and displacement pump. Dynamic pumps are pumps in which energy is continuously
added to increase the fluid velocities within the machine to values greater than those occurring
at the discharge so subsequent velocity reduction within or beyond the pump produces a pump
pressure increase. On the other hand, displacement pumps are pumps in which energy is
periodically added by application of force to one or more movable boundaries of any desired
the value required to move the fluid through valves or port into the discharge line.
A centrifugal pump falls under the dynamic pumps. Centrifugal pumps are the most widely
used type of pump for transferring of fluids. This pump uses a rotating impeller to move the
fluid by using centrifugal force. Centrifugal pumps are generally designed and are suitable for
liquids with relatively low viscosity, also are very useful since they can generally handle large
quantities of fluids.
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Listed and defined below are the basic parts of a centrifugal pump:
• Impeller – imparts velocity to the liquid, resulting from centrifugal force as the
impeller is rotated.
• Casing – gives direction to the flow from the impeller and converts this velocity
the total head, fluid flow rate, waterpower, power input, and pump efficiency. These
parameters can be graphed against the fluid flow rate of the system. By using these graphs
together, the ideal flow rate can be found in the intersection of the head versus flow rate
Moreover, the power law states that the power of the electricity flowing in a circuit
can be determines from the product of its voltage reading and its current reading in DC.
However, in AC, the power factor must be multiplied to the product of the voltage and the
energy that the pump transferred to the water that flows through it, therefore increasing its
flow rate.
𝑊𝑃 = 𝛾𝑄𝐻
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II. OBJECTIVES
2. To determine the current, pressure drop, the total dynamic head, and the waterpower
1. Dry hands are a must whenever plugging and unplugging the apparatus.
2. Make sure that the valves are closed when starting the experiment.
3. Keep a keen eye when doing the experiment as the apparatus both function with water
4. At the end of the experiment, recheck the valves for the safety of the next group.
6. Take extra precaution when measuring the current as electrical shock can occur.
IV. APPARATUS
centrifugal pump test set that allows students to find the characteristics of a centrifugal
pump.
2. Clamp Meter – an electrical device with jaws which open to allow clamping around an
electrical conductor.
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V. PROCEDURE
2. Turn on the centrifugal pump to allow the water to flow in the system, with the gate
4. Record the pressure head in the suction and discharge of the pump using the pressure
gauge.
6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 for other trials in which the flow rate of the water is varies by turning
7. Turn off the centrifugal pump test set to stop the water flow.
Flow Input
Current P1 P2 H Waterpower Efficiency
Trial Rate Power
(A) (kg/cm ) (kg/cm2)
2
(m) (W)
(m3/s) (W)
1 0.37 8.4x10-4 -0.025 0.21 2.35 19.36 701.335 3.76%
Table 1. Data obtained from the trials in the centrifugal pump test set.
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Graph 1. Performance Curve
VII. ANALYSIS
The group conducted six trials using the compact centrifugal pump test set. Each trial has
distinct valve conditions. The first trial is fully open and for the consecutive trials, the valve is
turned for 1 revolution at a time until it is fully closed. During the laboratory activity, the group
was able to gather data on pressure drops and volumetric flow rates. From the obtained data from
the centrifugal pump test set, those were used to compute the head loss, waterpower, input power
and the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. Observing the calculated values, it is determined that
the pressure difference and the current are inversely proportional to each other. When the current
increases, the pressure head decreases. Pressure head and efficiency are directly proportional to
each other. Fully open shows low efficiency, but pressure head is high, and vice versa.
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VIII. DISCUSSION
The group conducted six trials that are based on the available revolutions of the valve. The
parameters needed in characteristics curve specifically the head, flow rate, current, voltage,
waterpower, input power, and the efficiency. The water head was measured by the difference
of the pressure in the suction and the discharge pressure gauges situated on the tubes. The flow
rate was measured using a water flow meter installed by setting a constant time of 10 seconds
each trial. The current is measured using the clamp meter where it is et to measure the current
then the jaws of the clamp meter must surround the wire and it automatically measures the
current. The other parameters were calculated by using set of formulas. The calculated and
measured parameter are then plotted in a performance curve with their comparison and
relationship.
IX. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, all the objectives were achieved however there were just few discrepancies
on the data obtained. The performance curve was obtained, and the relationship of each parameters
were identified. Errors may be a reason in some discrepancies with the values obtained and
X. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
An artificial heart is a prosthetic device that is implanted into the body to replace the
original biological heart. It is distinct from a cardiac pump, which is an external device used to
provide the functions of both the heart and the lungs. Thus, the cardiac pump need not be connected
to both blood circuits. Also, a cardiac pump is only suitable for use not longer than a few hours,
while for the artificial heart the current record is 17 months. This synthetic replacement for an
organic mammalian heart (usually human), remains one of the long-sought goals of modern
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medicine. Although the heart is conceptually a simple organ (basically a muscle that functions as
a pump), it embodies complex subtleties that defy straightforward emulation using synthetic
materials and power supplies. The obvious benefit of a functional artificial heart would be to lower
the need for heart transplants, because the demand for donor hearts greatly exceeds supply.
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REFERENCES
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