STRUCTURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN REPORT OF VIEW

TOWER

SUBMITTED TO

PREPARED BY

CANVAS ENGNEERNG CONSULTANCY PVT. LTD

LALITPUR-01, KUPONDOLE

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Abbreviations
LL : Live load
DL : Dead load
EL : Earthquake load
WL : Wind load
ESM : Equivalent Static Method
SBC : Safe bearing capacity (Of soil)
DBSA : Design Basis for Structural Analysis
Vb : Seismic base shear
Ah : Design horizontal seismic coefficient
W : Seismic weight of the structure
Z : Seismic zone factor
I : Importance factor
R : Response reduction factor
RC : Reinforced Concrete
Sa/g : Design acceleration Coefficient
Ta : Fundamental period of vibration
Vib : Distributed seismic force in ith floor
hi : Height of ith floor
M/RSM : Model / response spectrum method
V'b : Model response spectrum base shear
SCM : Seismic coefficient method
spectra : Modal response spectra
Sq.m. : Square meter
D : Overall depth
d : Effective depth
MF : Modification factor
fs : Service stress
pt : Percentage of steel
Vu : Shear force
Ʈv : Nominal shear stress
Ʈc : Design shear strength
Fck : Characteristic strength of concrete @28 days
Fy : Minimum yield stress of steel
F/BM : Factored/Bending Moment
F/SF : Factored/Shear Force
cg : Centre of gravity
c/c : Centre to center
# : Diameter of re-bar
Ast : Area of steel

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Ac : Area of core section
S : Pitch of Stirrups
h : Longer distance of hoops
d' : Effective cover to reinforcement
fb : Compressive strength of brick unit
fmo : Compressive strength of mortar
Em : Modulus of elasticity of masonry
Ic : Moment of inertia
ϴ : Angle of assumed diagonal strut
Lds : Length of equivalent diagonal strut
Wds : Width of equivalent diagonal strut
Es : Modulus of elasticity of Steel
m : Modular ratio
Ag : Area of gross section
ACr : Area of Cracked section
ω : Crack width

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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................1
1.1. ABOUT THE REPORT .................................................................................................................................1
1.2. PROPOSED STRUCTURAL SYSTEM ........................................................................................................1
1.3. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN PROCEDURE ............................................................................1

2. DETAILED PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING ..................................................................................................3

2.1. PLAN OF THE BUILDING ............................................................................................................................3
2.2. GENERAL PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING ..........................................................................................3
2.2.1. ARCHITECTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS: .......................................................3
2.2.2. STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING ..................................................................4
2.2.3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES ..........................................................................................................4
2.3. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN BASIS .................................................................................................................4
2.3.1. DESIGN METHODOLOGY .........................................................................................................5

3. LOADING ..............................................................................................................................................................6
3.1. DEAD LOADS (DL) ......................................................................................................................................6
3.2. LIVE LOAD (LL) ...........................................................................................................................................6
3.3. EARTHQUAKE LOADS (EL) ........................................................................................................................6
3.4. WIND LOADS (WL) ......................................................................................................................................7
3.5. LOAD COMBINATIONS ...............................................................................................................................7

4. NUMERICAL MODELLING OF THE STRUCTURE .............................................................................................8

4.1. MODELLING APPROACH ...........................................................................................................................8
4.2. PROPERTIES AND SECTION OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS .................................................................9

5. ANALYSIS OF BUILDING .................................................................................................................................. 10

5.1. ANALYSIS RESULTS ................................................................................................................................ 10
5.2. SUPPORT REACTION FOR FOUNDATION DESIGN (COMBINATION: (DL+LL)) .................................. 11
5.3. MEMBER FORCES.................................................................................................................................... 12

6. DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMETNS ........................................................................................................... 15

6.1. DESIGN OF COLUMNS ............................................................................................................................. 15
6.2. DESIGN OF BEAM .................................................................................................................................... 17
6.3. DESIGN OF STAIRCASE .......................................................................................................................... 18
6.4. DESIGN OF SLAB ..................................................................................................................................... 18
6.5. DESIGN OF SLAB ....................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
6.6. FOUNDATION DESIGN ............................................................................................................................. 19

7. DUCTILITY REQUIREMENTS AND RESILIENCY ............................................................................................. 23

7.1. CHECK FOR STRONG COLUMN WEAK BEAM CRITERIA INTERNAL COLUMN .................................. 23
7.2. CONFINIMENT STIRRUPS DESIGN......................................................................................................... 23

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 7.3. DUCTILE DETAILING ................................................................................................................................ 24
7.4. ANCHORAGE OF INFILL WALLS AND NON STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS: .............................................. 25
7.5. 7.4 TORISONAL IRREGULARITY CHECK ................................................................................................ 25

ANNEX 1: LIST OF RELEVANT CODES

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 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1.ABOUT THE REPORT
This report presents the structural engineering analysis and design of RCC Frame Structure.
This report describes in brief the structural aspects of the building, assumptions made, design
process adopted, design standards complied with the proposed block. The analysis and
design of the building have been carried out using a finite element software-ETABS 2017. It
provides the structural engineers with tools necessary to create, modify, analyze, design,
and optimize the structural elements of a building model.

The principle aim of the structural design is to prepare necessary requirements for
construction of the structure, which possess adequate strength and stability during the action
of all possible combination of loads in its life span. The process integrates design regulation,
local condition and the functional needs.

1.2.PROPOSED STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

The structural system selected for the building is RC buildings with Special Moment
Resisting Frame (SMRF). All the partition and cladding walls are proposed to be constructed
of sear board. The choice of structural system is influenced by the need of large open space
for as per the client’s demand, the material and method of construction, the external
architectural treatment, location and routing of service systems, the nature and magnitude of
loading, and the height and height to width proportion of the building. Columns and beams
have been laid out in the plan of the building in coordination with architectural and services
planning. The structural system supports and transmits all forces arising from gravity, live
and earthquake load from its point of origin to the ground. Attempts were made to provide
the structure enough redundancy and an adequate reserve of strength and stiffness against
premature failure, instability and degradation so the building performs as intended during the
service life of the building.

1.3. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN PROCEDURE

The following steps were followed for analysis and design of the structure:
 Structural analysis and design of this building has been completed using ETABS,
Software produced by CSI, California Berkeley;
 A 3-Dimensional finite element model was prepared using the software as per actual
dimensions shown in the drawings. Center line dimensions are used for numerical model
construction;
 Beams and columns are modeled as linear frame element whereas the slabs are
modeled as “thin shell” elements;
 Floor slab is assumed to provide rigid floor diaphragm effect. The numerical model was
constructed accordingly;
 Initially, sizes of structural components were proportioned based on the past
experiences, which were later revised after the preliminary design;
 The dead loads were estimated by the software based on the member sizes. The
finishes to the floors were applied to the floors. Wall(Sera board) proposed along beam
were applied as line loads, however, load of wall over slab were assumed uniformly
distributed on the floor;
 The imposed loads were applied to the floor and roof slabs;

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 Seismic loads were considered acting in the horizontal direction and vertical direction.
 The design seismic force has been estimated and automatically distributed by the
software at various floor levels. The building elements have been designed for the critical
actions derived using Equivalent Static Method (ESM) and Modal Response Spectrum
Method (MRSM); and
 Under seismic force, the building has been analyzed in three principal directions. The
principal lateral load resisting elements were designed and detailed as per IS13920-
2016 standards;

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 2. DETAILED PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING
2.1.PLAN OF THE BUILDING

Ground Floor plan of the building is presented in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Plan of the Building

2.2.GENERAL PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING

2.2.1. ARCHITECTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

Building Occupancy: View Tower

Location: -
No. of Story: 9
Design provision for future extension: No

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2.2.2. STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS OF THE BUILDING

Types of structural system: Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame

Structure
Story height: 3.5 m
Total height of building: 32.4 m
Least lateral base dimension of the 12.132 m
building:
Length of the building: 10.710 m
Height to least lateral base dimension ratio: 2.67

Length to width ratio: 0.88

Slab thickness: 140mm
Footing type: Raft Foundation
Column size: 600x600
Beam size:
Grid beams: 350x500 and 230x400
Secondary beams: 230x400
Safe Bearing Capacity Foundation design has been completed with
safe bearing capacity (SBC) 78.5kN/m2,
Soil Type: Type III (for estimation of seismic force)

2.2.3. MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Grade of Concrete: M25

Grade of Steel: Fe 500

2.3. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN BASIS

Computer Aided Design: ETABS V 17

Analysis method for Earthquake Equivalent Static Method and Modal

resistant design: Response Spectrum Method

Level of design: Professionally Engineered Structure

Design Guideline: DUDBC Guideline Equivalent Static

Seismic force analysis: Method and Modal Response
Spectrum Method. The structural
elements have been designed for
critical load combination considering
both methods.
Type of design load cases considered:
Dead Load
Live Load

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 Wind load
Seismic load

2.3.1. DESIGN METHODOLOGY

The building structure was analyzed as moment resisting space frame.
Indian Standard IS: 456-2000, code of practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete has
been followed for design of structural elements.
Limit State Method for safety and serviceability requirements associated with the
design loads and design strengths of the materials has been used. These design loads
and design strengths are obtained by applying partial safety factors for characteristic
loads and strengths of the materials concrete and steel.

Limit States
The Limit State method of design covers the various forms of failure. There are several
limit states at which the structure ceases to function, the most important among them
are:

a) Limit state of collapse or total failure of structure.

It corresponds to the maximum load carrying capacity. This limit state
corresponds to flexure, compression, shear and torsion.
b) Limit state of serviceability
It includes excessive deflection and excessive local damage. Excessive
deflection adversely affects comfort and finishes. The excessive local damage
results in cracking of concrete, which impairs the efficiency, or appearance of
the structure.

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 3. LOADING
3.1. DEAD LOADS (DL)
Dead Load is the gravity load calculated from member sections and other overburdens. This
included self-loads of all structural members (foundation, columns, beams, slabs, etc) plus
walls (parapet, partition), floor finishing, and all architectural elements fixed to the building.
All the unit loads used for design were as per IS 875). A few typical unit loads are as follows:

Steel: 7850 kg/m3

Sera Board: 1000 kg/m3
Reinforced Cement Concrete: 2500 kg/m3
Flooring: 1.5 kN/ m2

Load/ m
Cement Load/ m with
Material Brick Unit wt. Mortar Unit wt. Skirting Unit wt. ht. w/o opening opening
kN/m3 mm kN/m3 mm(h=100mm) kN/m3 m
Sera Board 22 10 26 20.4 18 20.4 2.90 2.23 1.56

3.2. LIVE LOAD (LL)

Live load imposed on the building were considered as per IS 875 (Part II). A few typical
assumed live loads are listed below:
Corridor, passages, lobbies and staircase: 5.0 kN/m2
Accessible roof: 1.5 kN/m2
Inaccessible roof: 0.75 kN/m2

3.3. EARTHQUAKE LOADS (EL)

Seismic design load for the building has been considered as per IS 1893:2016.

 The building is in zone V .Lateral loads due to seismicity are calculated using seismic
coefficient method first;
 Structure has been checked using Modal Response Spectrum Method also;
 Estimation of seismic force employing Equivalent static Method (also known as
Seismic Coefficient Method): The method requires the calculation of base shear of
the building considering different factors. As per IS1893-2016, the base shear, Vb is
given by,
Vb =Ah*W
Where, Ah = design horizontal seismic coefficient
𝑍 𝐼 𝑆𝑎
𝐴ℎ =
2𝑅 𝑔
W= Seismic weight of structure,
Z = Zoning factor = (Zone V, refer Table 2, IS1893-2016)
I = Importance Factor = (Refer Table 8, IS1893)

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 R = Response reduction factor = (Special RC moment resting frame, refer Table 9,
IS1893)
Sa/g = Design acceleration coefficient = (for Soil Type III, Ta<0.67sec and damping 5%,
refer Figure 2, IS1893:2016)
Fundamental period of a building, Ta=0.075*h.75
Calculation of floor level force,
𝑊𝑖 ℎ𝑖2
𝑉𝑏 =
𝛴𝑊𝑖 ℎ𝑖2

Where, Wi =DL+ appropriate LL (25% or 50%)

hi =Height of floor from base of the building (base of the building assumed at plinth level)
Fundamental time period considered for RCC bare frame system-
Number of modes considered to achieve 90 % mass participation = up to 12th mode.
3.4.WIND LOADS (WL)
Wind speed of 47 m/s was considered for estimation of wind load where required. For this
building, the seismic load was found larger than wind load, hence, the wind load was not
accounted for, for design of the building.

3.5. LOAD COMBINATIONS

Load combinations considered are as follows:
1) 1.5 (DL+LL)
2) 1.2 (DL+ LLEQX scm0.3EQy scm)
3) 1.2 (DL+ LL EQYscm0.3EQx scm)
4) 1.5 (DL EQX scm0.3EQy scm)
5) 1.5 (DL EQY scm0.3EQx scm)
6) 0.9DL1.5 (EQX scm0.3EQy scm)
7) 0.9DL1.5 (EQY scm0.3EQx scm)
8) 1.2 (DL+ LL+RSx sepctra +.3RSy sepctra+.3RSz sepctra)
9) 1.2 (DL+ LL +RSYsepctra+.3RSx sepctra+.3RSz sepctra)
10) 1.2 (DL+ LL +RSzsepctra+.3RSx sepctra+.3RSy sepctra)
11) 1.5 (DL+ RSX sepctra+.3RSy sepctra+.3RSz sepctra)
12) 1.5 (DL+ RSY sepctra+.3RSx sepctra++.3RSz sepctra)
13) 1.5 (DL+ RSz sepctra+.3RSx sepctra++.3RSy sepctra)
14) 0.9DL+1.5 (RSX sepctra+.3RSy sepctra+.3RSz sepctra)
15) 0.9DL+1.5 (RSY sepctra+.3RSx sepctra+.3RSz sepctra)
16) 0.9DL+1.5 (RSz sepctra+.3RSx sepctra++.3RSy sepctra)

Note:
scm : Seismic Coefficient Method/ Equivalent Static Method,
Spectra: Modal Response Spectrum Method

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 4. NUMERICAL MODELLING OF THE STRUCTURE
4.1. MODELLING APPROACH
The Structure is analyzed and designed using ETABS, a commercial software. It is widely
used structural engineering software for analysis and design of building structures. It is
equipped with the powerful analysis, design, graphics, and visualization capabilities.
Attributes of the numerical model are:
 Frame elements of the structure have been modeled as linear elements with rigid end
joints;
 Slab elements are modeled as “thin shell” elements;
 Connection of slab and beam are provided through meshing of the elements;
 Staircase was modeled as part of the structure;
 Rigid diagrams have been assumed at each floor and roof level.
 The design of slab has been completed manually in excel

Figure 3 provides snipping view of the numerical model.

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4.2. PROPERTIES AND SECTION OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
Concrete has been assumed with isotropic properties with compressive strength 25 MPa.
As recommended by the relevant Standards, cracked concrete section has been assumed.
Refer Section 2.2.2 for section sizes.

Fig. illustrating value for crack section

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 5. ANALYSIS OF BUILDING
5.1. ANALYSIS RESULTS
Table 1 presents estimated base shear of the building as per Equivalent Static Method (EMS).
Table 1: ESM Seismic Analysis parameter as per EMS
Load Top Bottom Soil Period Coeff Weight Base
Pattern Type Direction Story Story Z Type I R Used Used Used Shear
sec kN kN
Eqx Seismic X Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639
Eqx Seismic X + Ecc. Y Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639
Eqx Seismic X - Ecc. Y Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639
Eqy Seismic Y Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639
Eqy Seismic Y + Ecc. X Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639
Eqy Seismic Y - Ecc. X Ninth Base 0.36 III 1.5 5 1.021 0.0883 18564 1639

Table 2: Modal Participating mass ratio

Block “A”
TABLE: Modal Participating Mass Ratios
Case Mode Period UX UY UZ Sum UX Sum UY Sum UZ
sec
Modal 1 1.205 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 0
Modal 2 1.141 0.00 0.74 0.00 0.75 0.74 0
Modal 3 0.839 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.74 0
Modal 4 0.335 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.74 0
Modal 5 0.314 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.87 0.87 0
Modal 6 0.224 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.87 0
Modal 7 0.157 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.87 0
Modal 8 0.146 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.92 0.92 0
Transactional displacement is dominating in first two modes.
Rotational angle in first two modes is near to 0.

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5.2.SUPPORT REACTION FOR FOUNDATION DESIGN (COMBINATION: (DL+LL))
Figure 10 presents support reaction for foundation design for load combination (DL+LL).

Figure 10: Support reaction for foundation design

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5.3. MEMBER FORCES
View of Frame 3 is presented as sample in Figure 11.

Figure 11: Assigned elements in the sample frame

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Sample display of element forces of Frame-3- Bending Moment (for load combination envelope)

Figure 12: Bending Moment Envelope in the sample frame

Sample display of element forces of Frame-3 – shear force (for load combination envelope)

Figure 13: Envelope of Shear Force in sample frame

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Sample display of element forces of Frame-3 – axial force (for load combination envelope)

Figure 14: Envelope of Axial Force in Sample Frame

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 6. DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMETNS

Structure design of all structural elements was performed as per selected designated code
using ETABS. The main reinforcement required values of the sample Frame 3, are
illustrated in Figure 15.

Figure 15: Required Longitudinal Reinforcement area in the sample frame

Design detail of column A3-ground floor and beam E3-F3 is presented below:

6.1. DESIGN OF COLUMNS

The columns are designed with the help of ETABS and checked manually. The calculation
of longitudinal reinforcement of typical elements is shown below in Figure. The method
carried out during the structural design is verified with manual calculations.
Grid A3 -Ground floor column

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6.2.DESIGN OF BEAM
B1-B2 Beam First Floor

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6.3.DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
No staircase has been provided.

6.4.DESIGN OF SLAB
Design of slab has been completed manually for one critical panel and checked for the
critical slab for the main grid in FEM. Bending moment developed in grid slab with
contour is as follows:

Slab Top Bars: 10Dia@100 c/c

Slab Bottom Bars:10 Dia@ 100c/c

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6.5.FOUNDATION DESIGN
Foundations have been designed for 72.8 kN/m2. The foundation bearing size (ie in plan) has been designed following Working Stress
Method (WSM) as recommended by relevent Indain Standards, ie no partial safety factor for loads have been applied.

CALCULATION OF FOOTING DEPTH OF RAFT DESIGN DATA

fck 25 N/mm2
PROJECT fy 500 N/mm2
LOCATION Cl. Cover 50 mm
OWNER Bar Dia. 16 mm
DATE d' 58 mm
Bearing Capacity 78.5 kN/m2

Grid Type Column Size Two Way Shear d TRIAL

Pu l b tv tc' Check Provided D
KN m m N/mm2 N/mm2 mm m
A3 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1570.05 0.60 0.60 0.731 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
F3 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1569.08 0.60 0.60 0.730 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
B5 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1556.13 0.60 0.60 0.724 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
B3 FOUR WAY SHEAR 2113.72 0.60 0.60 0.984 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
B1 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1493.18 0.60 0.60 0.695 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
E1 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1492.34 0.60 0.60 0.694 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
E3 FOUR WAY SHEAR 2112.50 0.60 0.60 0.983 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
E5 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1553.33 0.60 0.60 0.723 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
C4 FOUR WAY SHEAR 2022.41 0.60 0.60 0.941 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
D4 FOUR WAY SHEAR 2021.87 0.60 0.60 0.941 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
C2 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1900.08 0.60 0.60 0.884 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55
D2 FOUR WAY SHEAR 1899.96 0.60 0.60 0.884 1.250 OK 492.0 0.55

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RAFT FOUNDATION DESIGN SHEET

Centre of Gravity of Loads

S.N Grid Load ( P ) X dist Y dist P.X P.Y

1 A3 1046.70 0 5.354 0.00 5604.04
5 B1 995.45 3.214 10.725 3199.38 10676.22
4 B3 1409.15 3.214 5.354 4528.99 7544.57
3 B5 1037.42 3.214 0 3334.26 0.00
11 C2 1266.72 4.491 8.084 5688.84 10240.17
9 C4 1348.27 4.491 2.625 6055.10 3539.22
12 D2 1266.64 7.642 8.084 9679.67 10239.53
10 D4 1347.92 7.642 2.625 10300.77 3538.28
6 E1 994.90 8.919 10.725 8873.48 10670.26
7 E3 1408.33 8.919 5.354 12560.91 7540.21
8 E5 1035.55 8.919 0 9236.09 0.00
2 F3 1046.06 12.133 5.354 12691.79 5600.58
14203 86149.29 75193.08

X 6.066 m
Y 5.294 m

Centriod of the Area and Moment of Inertia (from AutoCad)

ICGx ( m4 ) 3893.797298 SBC 78.9

ICGy ( m4 ) 3800.342258 LOAD 14203
THICK 0.55
Area 219.0115 m2 AREA 2.19E+08 219.0115 propvided
SELFWEIGHT 3011.408
X 6.066438 m TOTAL LOAD 17215
Y 5.354165 m AREA 218.1814 m2 required

ex -0.001 m
ey -0.060 m x 6066.438 6.066438
y 5354.165 5.354165
Moment of Inertia

ICGx ( m4 ) 3893.797 3.894E+15 3893.797

ICGy ( m4 ) 3800.342 3.8E+15 3800.342

Soil Pressure Calculation

P/A 64.85
Mx -852.68
My -12.96
Ixx 3893.80
Iyy 3800.34
My/Iyy 0.00
Mx/Ixx -0.22

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S.N. Grid X Y p
1 A1 -6.07 0.00 64.87
2 A2 -2.85 5.37 63.68
3 A3 -2.85 0.00 64.86
4 A4 -2.85 -5.35 66.03
5 A5 -1.58 2.73 64.26
6 A6 -1.58 -2.73 65.45
7 A7 1.58 2.73 64.25
8 A8 1.58 -2.73 65.44
9 B1 2.85 5.37 63.67
10 B2 2.85 0.00 64.84
11 B3 2.85 -5.35 66.01
12 B4 6.07 0.00 64.83

The bending moment is obtained by using a coefficient of 1/10 and L as centre of column distance.

In the X-direction the raft is divided into 8 strips, i.e 8 equivalent beams..
soil unfactored factored Provided R-bar in
S.N. Beam Width pressure max length moment moment b D fck Ast min Ast Bar 1 Spacing Spacing Ast Pt two layers
m KN/m2 (m) KNm KNm mm mm N/mm2 Reqiured mm2 f Reqiured Provided Provided
1 1--1 2.26 78.9 6.244 307.61 461.42 1000 550 25 2893 588 20 109 100 3142 0.57 20dia @ 100mm c/c ok

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6.6.LIFT WALL
Lift has been seperated with main strucutre due to torsional irregularities present. Lift is to be
provided with seismic gap of 600mm form the main struture.

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 7. DUCTILITY REQUIREMENTS AND RESILIENCY

7.1.CHECK FOR STRONG COLUMN WEAK BEAM CRITERIA INTERNAL COLUMN

7.2.CONFINIMENT STIRRUPS DESIGN

Area of cross section of special confining reinforcement

Minimum Area of stirrups required Ash=0.18*S*h*fck/fy*(Ag/Ac -1)

Column depth 600 num1 Gross area Ag 360000
Column width 600 Core area Ac 270400
Cover to main bar 50 Min Ash req. 24.10
Stirrup diameter 10
Longer distance of hoop 101
Pitch 100

area of #7 39
area of #8 50
area of #10 79
area of #12 113

0.0072
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7.3.DUCTILE DETAILING
The space frame is considered as a special moment resisting frame (SMRF) with a special
detailing to provide ductile behavior and comply with the requirements given in IS
13920:2016,Hand book on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing SP: 34(S&T)-1987 and

NBC201:1994. Reinforcement for beams and columns were obtained from design results of
ETABS and detailing is done
Special attention has been given to achieve ductile properties in the structure. IS 13920 has
been refereed to for ductile design. Some of ductile details are been presented below.

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7.4.ANCHORAGE OF INFILL WALLS AND NON STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS:

7.5.7.4 TORISONAL IRREGULARITY CHECK

TABLE: Story
Max/Avg
Displacements
Load
Story Case/Combo Direction Maximum Average Ratio
mm mm
Story9 EQX 1 X 67.22 67.179 1.001
Story8 EQX 1 X 63.552 63.475 1.001
Story7 EQX 1 X 56.85 56.792 1.001
Story6 EQX 1 X 48.911 48.873 1.001
Story5 EQX 1 X 39.787 39.765 1.001
Story4 EQX 1 X 29.887 29.879 1
Story3 EQX 1 X 19.835 19.834 1

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Story2 EQX 1 X 10.509 10.505 1
Story1 EQX 1 X 3.245 3.241 1.001
Story9 EQX 2 X 68.394 67.197 1.018
Story8 EQX 2 X 65.683 63.492 1.035
Story7 EQX 2 X 58.734 56.808 1.034
Story6 EQX 2 X 50.514 48.886 1.033
Story5 EQX 2 X 41.077 39.775 1.033
Story4 EQX 2 X 30.845 29.886 1.032
Story3 EQX 2 X 20.461 19.838 1.031
Story2 EQX 2 X 10.828 10.507 1.031
Story1 EQX 2 X 3.338 3.242 1.029
Story9 EQX 3 X 68.276 67.16 1.017
Story8 EQX 3 X 65.494 63.457 1.032
Story7 EQX 3 X 58.587 56.777 1.032
Story6 EQX 3 X 50.412 48.86 1.032
Story5 EQX 3 X 41.014 39.755 1.032
Story4 EQX 3 X 30.815 29.872 1.032
Story3 EQX 3 X 20.453 19.829 1.031
Story2 EQX 3 X 10.832 10.503 1.031
Story1 EQX 3 X 3.343 3.241 1.031
Story9 EQY 1 Y 60.699 60.698 1
Story8 EQY 1 Y 57.449 57.447 1
Story7 EQY 1 Y 51.135 51.134 1
Story6 EQY 1 Y 43.793 43.791 1
Story5 EQY 1 Y 35.476 35.475 1
Story4 EQY 1 Y 26.54 26.539 1
Story3 EQY 1 Y 17.54 17.538 1
Story2 EQY 1 Y 9.254 9.254 1
Story1 EQY 1 Y 2.851 2.851 1
Story9 EQY 2 Y 62.024 60.699 1.022
Story8 EQY 2 Y 60.082 57.447 1.046
Story7 EQY 2 Y 53.464 51.134 1.046
Story6 EQY 2 Y 45.775 43.792 1.045
Story5 EQY 2 Y 37.072 35.475 1.045
Story4 EQY 2 Y 27.726 26.539 1.045
Story3 EQY 2 Y 18.317 17.539 1.044
Story2 EQY 2 Y 9.66 9.254 1.044
Story1 EQY 2 Y 2.974 2.851 1.043
Story9 EQY 3 Y 62.025 60.698 1.022
Story8 EQY 3 Y 60.086 57.447 1.046
Story7 EQY 3 Y 53.467 51.133 1.046
Story6 EQY 3 Y 45.779 43.791 1.045
Story5 EQY 3 Y 37.075 35.474 1.045

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Story4 EQY 3 Y 27.729 26.539 1.045
Story3 EQY 3 Y 18.319 17.538 1.044
Story2 EQY 3 Y 9.661 9.254 1.044
Story1 EQY 3 Y 2.975 2.851 1.043
Story9 RSX Max X 58.363 57.847 1.009
Story8 RSX Max X 56.395 55.451 1.017
Story7 RSX Max X 50.847 50.014 1.017
Story6 RSX Max X 44.231 43.522 1.016
Story5 RSX Max X 36.477 35.906 1.016
Story4 RSX Max X 27.846 27.415 1.016
Story3 RSX Max X 18.792 18.502 1.016
Story2 RSX Max X 10.114 9.958 1.016
Story1 RSX Max X 3.168 3.12 1.016
Story9 RSY Max Y 53.257 52.989 1.005
Story8 RSY Max Y 51.942 51.061 1.017
Story7 RSY Max Y 46.586 45.804 1.017
Story6 RSY Max Y 40.319 39.649 1.017
Story5 RSY Max Y 33.09 32.545 1.017
Story4 RSY Max Y 25.123 24.713 1.017
Story3 RSY Max Y 16.856 16.584 1.016
Story2 RSY Max Y 9.025 8.881 1.016
Story1 RSY Max Y 2.819 2.775 1.016
Story9 RSZ Max Y 0.026 0.026 1.006
Story8 RSZ Max Y 0.026 0.025 1.019
Story7 RSZ Max Y 0.023 0.023 1.019
Story6 RSZ Max Y 0.02 0.02 1.018
Story5 RSZ Max Y 0.016 0.016 1.018
Story4 RSZ Max Y 0.013 0.012 1.018
Story3 RSZ Max Y 0.009 0.008 1.017
Story2 RSZ Max Y 0.005 0.005 1.017
Story1 RSZ Max Y 0.001 0.001 1.016

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Annex 1: Relevant Code followed
The structural calculation of this building shall be in accordance with all applicable laws and
regulations of the Government of Nepal, and its referral to any other standards. A summary
of the codes and standards in used in structural analysis and design have been listed as
below.

S. No. Codes and Standards Description

Dead and Live Load Determination
IS 875 (Part 1): 1987 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake)
for Buildings
and Structures: Part 1 Dead Loads – Unit Weights of
Building Material and
Stored Materials (Second Revision)
IS 875 (Part 2): 1987 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake)
for Buildings
and Structures: Part 2 Imposed Loads (Second Revision)
IS 875 (Part 3): 1987 Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake)
for Buildings
and Structures: Part 3 Wind Loads (Second Revision)
Earthquake Load Calculation
IS 1893: 2016 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of structures
Concrete Design and Detailing
IS 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
SP 34: 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing
IS 13920: 2016 Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures
subjected to seismic forces - Code of practice
NBC201:1994 Mandatory Rules of Thumbs - Reinforced Concrete
Building with Masonry Infill.
NBC110-1994 Plain and Reinforced Concrete.
Specification of Materials
IS 383: 1970 Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural
sources for concrete
IS 1786: 1985 Specification for high strength deformed steel bars and
wires for concrete reinforcement (superseding IS:1139 -
1966)
NS191-2046BS Deformed steel bars and wires for concrete reinforcement
IS801:1975 Code of practice of use of cold-formed light gauge steel
structural member’s in general building construction.

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