Microstrip Patch Antenna

Presented by,
A.Priyanka
Patch Antenna

Top View of Patch Antenna Side view of Patch Antenna

Different shapes of antenna
 Substrate dielectric constant:
2.2≤𝝐𝒓≤12

• The most commonly used substrates are,

1) Honey comb(dielectric constant=1.07)
2)RT Duroid(dielectric constant=2.32)
3)Quartz(dielectric constant=3.8)
4)Alumina(dielectric constant=10)
Feeding methods

Microstrip line feed Coaxial probe feed

Feeding methods

Aperture coupled feed Proximity coaxial feed

Comparing different feed techniques
Rectangular Patch Antenna

• The length of the patch is:

𝜆0 𝜆0
<𝐿<
3 2

• At low frequencies, initial vales of 𝝐𝒓eff. referred to as the static values and are
given by:

𝝐 +1 𝝐 −1
𝝐𝒓eff. = 𝒓 + 𝒓 [ 1+
12ℎ
] -1/2
2 2 𝑤
Where,
h= height of substrate
w= width of the patch
Rectangular Patch Antenna
• For an efficient radiator, practical width that leads to good radiator
efficiencies is:

1 2 𝑣0 2
W= =
2𝑓𝑟 𝜇0𝜖0 𝜖𝑟+1 2𝑓𝑟 𝜖𝑟 +1

Where,v0= free space velocity of light

• For normalized extension of length:

𝑊
∆𝐿 (𝝐𝒓eff.+0.3)( ℎ +0.264)
= 0.412 𝑊
ℎ (𝝐𝒓eff.−0.258)( +0.8)
ℎ
Rectangular Patch Antenna
• Directivity of the single patch is:
D0 = {5. 2dB W<<𝜆0
𝑊
4( ) W>>𝜆0
𝜆0

• Finally, the effective length of the patch is:

Where, ∆𝐿= extended length of the patch
Leff. = L+2 ∆𝐿
Rectangular Patch Antenna

• The actual length of the patch can be determined by solving:

1
L= - 2 ∆𝐿
2𝑓𝑟 𝝐𝒓eff. 𝜇0𝜖0

Where, ∆𝐿= extended length of the patch

• Finally, the effective length of the patch is:

Leff. = L+2 ∆𝐿
Remedies:
• Low power and low gain can overcome by arrays
configuration.
• The band width can increase up to 60% by using some
special techniques.
• Surface wave associated limitations such as poor
efficiency,increased mutual coupling , reduced gain and
radiation pattern can overcome.
Thank you