Basic 6

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Runeth R. Barawid
USE RELEVANT EVENTS MANAGEMENT

SERVICES NCIII
TECHNOLOGIES
BASIC COMPETENCY
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the Module “Use relevant technologies”. This module contains

training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Use relevant technologies” contains the knowledge,

skills and attitudes required for Events Management Services required to obtain
the National Certificate (NC) level III.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets, Operation Sheets and Activity
Sheets. Do these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of
each learning activity.
If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your Trainer for assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You have already some basic knowledge and skills covered in this module
because you have been working for some time; and already completed training in
this area.
If you can demonstrate competence to your Trainer in a particular skill, talk

to your Trainer so you don’t have to undergo the same training again. If you have
a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to
him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant to this
module, they become part of the evidence. You can present these for RPL. If you
are not sure about your competence skills, discuss this with your Trainer.
After completing this module, ask your Trainer to assess your competence.
Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.
In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and relevant
information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in

receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information that
will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Terminating and
Connecting an Electronic Circuit independently at your own pace with minimum
supervision from your Trainer.
MODULE CONTENT
QUALIFICATION EVENTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES NCIII

UNIT OF
Use relevant technologies
COMPETENCY
MODULE TITLE Use relevant technologies
INTRODUCTION:
This module covers the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values
needed to Use relevant technologies which include inputting,
accessing, producing, and transferring data using the
appropriate hardware and software.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO1. Plan and prepare for tasks to be taken/undertaken
LO2. Input data into computer
LO3. Access information using computer
LO4. Produce output/data using computer systems
LO5. Maintain computer equipment and systems
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Requirements of tasks determined in accordance with the required
output
2. Appropriate hardware and software selected according to task
assigned and required outcome
3. Task planned to ensure that OH and S guidelines and procedures
followed
4. Data entered into the computer using appropriate
program/application in accordance with company procedure
5. Accuracy of information checked and information saved in
accordance with standard operating procedures
6. Inputted data stored in storage media according to requirements
7. Work performed within ergonomic guidelines
8. Correct program/application selected based on job requirements
9. Program/application containing the information required accessed
according to company procedures
10. Desktop icons correctly selected, opened and closed for navigation
purposes
11. Keyboard techniques carried out in line with OHS requirements for
safe use of keyboards
12. Entered data processed using appropriate software commands
13. Data printed as required using computer hardware/peripheral
devices in accordance with standard operating procedures
14. Systems for cleaning, minor maintenance and replacement of
consumables are implemented
15. Procedures for ensuring security of data, including regular backups
and virus checks are implemented in accordance with standard
operating procedures
16. Basic file maintenance are implemented in line with the standard
operating procedures
PREREQUISITE:
LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
LEARNING
Plan and prepare for tasks to be undertaken
OUTCOME #1
CONTENTS:
 OH and S principles and responsibilities
 Main types of computers and basic features of different operating
systems
 Main parts of a computer
 Storage devices and basic categories of memory
 Relevant types of software
 General security, privacy legislation and copyright
1. Requirements of tasks determined in accordance with the required
output
2. Appropriate hardware and software selected according to task
assigned and required outcome
3. Task planned to ensure that OH and S guidelines and procedures
followed
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
 Equipment:
- 1 unit of computer
- voltage regulator/UPS
 Learning Materials:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
 Supplies/materials:
- Operating system
- Application program
EVALUATION METHOD:
 Hands-on
 Direct observation
 Practical demonstration
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
Learning Outcome 1: Plan and prepare for tasks to be

undertaken
Learning Activities Special Instructions

If you have some problem on the
1. Read Information Sheet 3.1-1
content of the information sheets don’t
Different Types of Computers hesitate to approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheets, you can now
answer Self Check provide in the
module.
2. Answer the self check 3.1-1 Compare your answer to the

answer key 3.1-1. If you got 100%
correct answer in this self-check,
you can now proceed to the next
Information Sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the
self-check again.
Computer Hardware hesitate to approach your facilitator.
module.

Information Sheet. If not review the
self-check again.
Computer Storage Devices hesitate to approach your facilitator.
module.

Learning Outcome. If not review the
self-check again.
INFORMATION SHEET 3.1-1
Different Types of Computers
Learning Objectives:
After reading this information sheet, YOU MUST be able to identify
the different types of computers.
Computers have revolutionized all types of industries. They have

proved a boon to mankind. What are the different types of computers? To
know them all, read on…
A computer is one of the most brilliant inventions of mankind. Thanks

to the computer technology, we were able to achieve an efficient storage and
processing of data; we could rest our brains by employing computer memory
capacities for storage of the information. Owing to computers, we have been
able speed up daily work, carry out critical transactions and achieve accuracy
and precision in work output. The computers of the earlier years were of the
size of a large room and were required to consume huge amounts of electric
power. However, with the advancing technology, computers have shrunk to
the size of a small watch. Depending on the processing powers and sizes of
computers, they have been classified under various types. Let us look at the
classification of computers.
Different types of Computers
Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as

analog computers and hybrid computers.
Analog Computers: These are almost extinct today. These are different from
a digital computer because an analog computer can perform several
mathematical operations simultaneously. It uses continuous variables for
mathematical operations and utilizes mechanical or electrical energy.
Hybrid Computers: These computers are a combination of both digital and
analog computers. In this type of computers, the digital segments perform
process control by conversion of analog signals to digital ones.
Following are some of the other important types of computers.
Mainframe Computers: Large organizations use mainframes for highly

critical applications such as bulk data processing and ERP. Most of the
mainframe computers have the capacities to host multiple operating
systems and operate as a number of virtual machines and can thus
substitute for several small servers.
Microcomputers: A computer with a microprocessor and its central

processing unit is known as a microcomputer. They do not occupy space as
much as mainframes. When supplemented with a keyboard and a mouse,
microcomputers can be called as personal computers. A monitor, a keyboard
and other similar input output devices, computer memory in the form of
RAM and a power supply unit come packaged in a microcomputer. These
computers can fit on desks or tables and serve as the best choices for single-
user tasks.
Personal computers come in a variety of forms such as desktops, laptops and

personal digital assistants. Let us look at each of these types of computers.
Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare

parts of a desktop computer are readily available at relative lower costs. Power
consumption is not as critical as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular
for daily use in workplaces and households.
Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are

miniaturized and optimized for mobile use. Laptops run on a single battery
or an external adapter that charges the computer batteries. They are
enabled with an inbuilt keyboard, touch pad acting as a mouse and a liquid
crystal display. Its portability and capacity to operate on battery power have
served as a boon for mobile users.
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs): It is a handheld computer and

popularly known as a palmtop. It has a touch screen and a memory card for
storage of data. PDAs can also be effectively used as portable audio players,
web browsers and smart phones. Most of them can access the Internet by
means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi communication.
Minicomputers: In terms of size and processing capacity, minicomputers lie
in between mainframes and microcomputers. Minicomputers are also called
mid-range systems or workstations. The term began to be popularly used in
the 1960s to refer to relatively smaller third generation computers. They took
up the space that would be needed for a refrigerator or two and used transistor
and core memory technologies. The 12-bit PDP-8 minicomputer of the Digital
Equipment Corporation was the first successful minicomputer.
Supercomputers: The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively

performed by means of supercomputers. Quantum physics, mechanics,
weather forecasting, molecular theory are best studied by means of
supercomputers. Their ability of parallel processing and their well-designed
memory hierarchy give the supercomputers, large transaction processing
powers.
Wearable Computers: A record-setting step in the evolution of computers
was the creation of wearable computers. These computers can be worn on
the body and are often used in the study of behavior modeling and human
health. Military and health professionals have incorporated wearable
computers into their daily routine, as a part of such studies. When the
users’ hands and sensory organs are engaged in other activities, wearable
computers are of great help in tracking human actions. Wearable computers
are consistently in operation as they do not have to be turned on and off and
are constantly interacting with the user.
These were some of the different types of computers available today. Looking
at the rate of the advancement in technology, we can definitely look forward
to many more types of computers in the near future.
Self-Check 3.1-1
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Direction: Select the best answer of the given choices.
1. These are almost extinct today.

a. Analog Computer
b. Hybrid Computer
c. Mainframe Computer
d. Microcomputer
2. Large organizations use mainframes for highly critical applications
such as bulk data processing and ERP.
a. Analog Computer
b. Hybrid Computer
d. Microcomputer
3. These computers are a combination of both digital and analog
computers.
a. Analog Computer
b. Hybrid Computer
d. Microcomputer
4. The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively performed
by this kind of computer.
a. Analog Computer
b. Hybrid Computer
d. Supercomputer
5. It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a palmtop.
a. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
b. Minicomputers
c. Supercomputers
d. Wearable Computers
Answer Key 3.1-1
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. D
5. A
Information sheet 3.1-2
Computer Hardware
the computer hardware.
Now that you know a little bit about the history of computers and how
they are useful in various work situations throughout the world, this lesson
will tell you what makes up today’s personal computer (PC). You learn about
basic computer hardware and the importance of keeping your computer and
its data safe. Next, you learn all about operating systems—the software that
makes it possible for you to use your computer—with a focus on Microsoft
Windows XP. Finally, you learn about applications software and how a
computer network operates.
Computer Parts and Storage Devices

Most computers on the market today have the following components:
a processor, RAM, a monitor, a hard disk drive, a keyboard, a mouse, a CD-
ROM drive, a sound card, and a modem. In addition, you might want or
need components that aren’t part of your computer’s package, such as a
DVD drive, Zip drive, printer, and scanner. The rest of this lesson explains
what these components, usually called peripherals, are and how they are
used.
A Mouse
Most computers come with a mouse. A mouse is just a pointing device for
selecting items on the screen. Some designs are different, including the
mouse with a small wheel with which you can do some added tricks. An
alternative to the mouse is a track ball, a stationary cradle containing a ball
that you roll with your fingertips. Laptop computers offer another
alternative, the touchpad—a pressure-sensitive surface built into the
keyboard console. It lets you move your cursor by tracing your finger on the
touchpad itself.
This mouse is designed to fit the shape of a human hand and contains a
wheel for extra functionality.
Keyboards
The computer keyboard is one of the basic ways of entering information into
the computer, so most computers have one except certain types of handheld
devices. If you’ve used a typewriter, you can use a computer keyboard.
Keyboards come in a variety of styles. The Microsoft keyboard shown below
has an ergonomic design that reduces the muscle and tendon strain in the
wrists, arms, and elbows.
The optimized keyboard helps reduce the stress on wrists, arms, and
elbows.
Monitors
Monitors are a requirement, so they are often included as standard
equipment, but not always. Today, monitors are available in all price ranges.
Most people think the bigger the monitor, the better, as long as it fits within
their allotted budget range. Granted, bigger is more expensive, but today a
17-inch monitor doesn’t cost much more than a 15-inch monitor and the
difference is more than worth it. The more screen space you have, the easier
it is to work with your applications on the computer. Remember, however,
that the bigger the display, the larger the tube. A larger tube takes up more
room on your desk. (Many manufacturers do offer short-tube monitors that
don’t eat up a lot of desktop real estate.)
It’s not fancy, but this typical computer monitor is all you need.
A good choice when your desk space is at a premium is the flat-panel
display, or LCD monitor. An LCD is a tubeless monitor that uses a liquid
crystal technology. These monitors require much less desk space, and the
absence of a picture tube means lower power consumption and less heat
thrown off in your room. The cost is higher than that of a traditional
monitor, but the prices are coming down.
Floppy Disk Drive
This comes as standard with most computers. For many years, the floppy
disk was the way to give someone a document from your machine. You
copied the information to the floppy and passed the floppy on. Then came
the Internet and networking, which are new and convenient ways to
exchange information. Floppy drives are a common way of backing up files.
CD Drive
Almost all computers have CD drives as standard equipment. Most software
today is shipped on CDs, as are all the essential learning programs, games,
and reference tools such as Microsoft Encarta, an encyclopedia. A CD drive
also allows you to use CDs (short for compact disc) with your computer. CD
drives are rated by the speed at which they can access information on the
CD, indicated with a number like 12x, 20x, 32x, or 40x, which is read as “40
speed.”
CD drives come in two types: read-only and recordable. With the read only
model, you can’t save or store any of your own information on a normal CD.
Such a CD drive is the computer equivalent of a stereo record that can also
hold text and graphics. Recordable CD drives allow you to copy information
to them as you would to floppy disks.
Sound Cards
A sound card is like your stereo amplifier at home, although it does
considerably more than that! Unless you open your computer, you won’t see
your computer’s sound card, and if you don’t have one, you won’t be able to
hear any of the sounds a computer is capable of generating. Most computers
come equipped with sound cards.
A description of a sound card can be confusing because it has so many
incomprehensible-sounding features: MIDI libraries, MIDI interface, sampling
capabilities, and audio playback rates. Despite the confusing jargon, you want
a sound card that supports the latest standards and features if possible.
When a PC is described as a multimedia PC, it will include a sound card. If
you’re not buying a new computer or are simply upgrading your existing
sound card, look for the most common features across the different brands.
Speakers
With a sound card, a CD drive, and speakers, you can play regular audio CDs
on your computer and enjoy many of the other audio features of the
applications on your computer. But as with your stereo, you can’t hear
anything unless you have speakers! Most likely, your computer will come with
speakers. Speakers come in all price ranges, but even the less expensive ones
work well. The speakers plug into the back of your computer, and look similar
to the ones shown below.
With these speakers, you can hear music and other special audio, as well as
the everyday reminders and warning sounds your computer makes.
Hard Disk Drives—Closet Space for Your Computer Creations
Today, a computer without a hard disk drive is practically unknown.

The hard disk drive is a physical part of your computer where you save all
your work for access at another time. For new users, the multi-gigabyte drives
of today are more than adequate, but some users run out of disk space and
need to expand their digital closet space with higher-capacity hard drives.
Graphic artists and photographers, for example, can easily use 40 megabytes
of disk space just for one image, and some programs require several hundred
megabytes of free space to run. If you are going to be working with photos
extensively, you might need a larger hard drive, or you might want to check
out Zip drives, which are described in a later section.
RAM: Short-Term Memory You Can Buy

All computers come with internal memory, called RAM (pronounced like
the animal), which is short for random access memory. RAM is sometimes
confused with hard disk storage, which is completely different. Your computer
needs RAM to run programs. You don’t need to know the ins and outs right
now, but if you are picking out a new PC, look for one that provides at least
128 megabytes of RAM to work effectively on the Internet. If your computer
has less, it won’t operate as quickly, but as long as it has enough memory to
run current software, your computer will still operate correctly. The minimum
for current software is usually 64 megabytes.
Zip Drives
A Zip drive is the newer version of a floppy disk drive. Zip drives,
sometimes built into new computers, use a Zip disk that is about twice as
thick as a floppy disk and holds 100 megabytes of information (250 megabytes
for the newest model)—about 80 times more than a standard floppy disk. A
Zip drive is something to consider if you will be working with many photo-
graphs that take up a lot of disk space for each image. These drives also
provide a convenient way to make backup copies of all the important files you
want to keep.
Modems
Modems are now as ubiquitous as computers, and more often than not,
they come built into computers. You must have a modem to connect to the
Internet, so make sure that your computer has one. If you use telephone lines
for Internet access, the typical speed for a home modem is 56 K. If your
computer doesn’t have one already installed internally, you can obtain an
external modem, which sits near your computer rather than inside it. External
modems are widely available and require minimum installation.
If you use cable or a dedicated line for Internet access, you will need a
specialized modem. These are much faster than the modems designed to work
with the telephone lines, but they are more expensive.
Printers
Hundreds of different printers are on the market, in a wide range of
prices. Printer technology has advanced dramatically in the last 10 years, so
even a less expensive printer can produce impressive results. Some new
computer packages include a printer. Printers are easy to buy and easy to
install if the computer you obtain doesn’t have one.
Printers are distinguished by printing features, output quality, and speed—
that is, how many pages they can print in a minute. The most popular printers
for home use are ink jet printers. Ink jets print pages by spraying a fine ink
mist onto the page and are the type of printers most often used for color
printing. Laser printers, although more expensive, are faster and of higher
quality, and most models allow only black-and-white printing. Color laser
printers can be quite expensive. You can also find multipurpose machines
that print, fax, copy, and scan. If you have a need for all these features, check
with a local computer store or current magazines to learn more about features
and trade-offs.
Laser Printers
Laser printers, long the standard for professional and corporate users,
are fast and efficient, and typically are much faster than ink jet printers. Some
laser printers can print 32 ppm (pages per minute), which is blazingly fast.
They also offer multiple trays for different paper sizes and a host of other
features. If you have a small business that requires a good deal of printing or
invoicing, or if you expect to use your printer for a community publishing
system for a club or group, this type of printer will give you very fast results.
However, unless you buy an expensive color laser, you are signing up for
black-and-white printing only.
Ink Jet Printers

Ink jet printers are the home standard. They provide color capabilities
as well as crisp black and white, but their speed doesn’t match that of laser
printers. The cheaper models can take more than a minute to print a full page
of text. But for most people, the benefits outweigh the inconvenience.
Joysticks for the Future Racecar Driver or Pilot

Computers have become phenomenal game stations, and certain
hardware additions can make your playtime wildly enjoyable. You can find
several different types of game controllers, including joysticks. As with all
computer peripherals, prices vary widely, but a standard joystick is relatively
inexpensive. Simple joysticks consist of a single post fixed at the base like a
stick shift that can move in all directions. You have probably seen one on a
motorized wheelchair to allow the driver to steer with minimal movement. If
you are planning to “learn to fly” with Microsoft Flight Simulator, a joystick is
required.
This joystick gives you control when you play video games.
Besides joysticks, you can even find steering wheels with dashboard
consoles if you want to try your hand at a racecar game. The newest
controllers include vibration; when something happens on-screen, the
controller vibrates and you feel the jolts and motions of the game you are
playing.
Now Playing: A Movie on Your DVD Drive

Never mind the technical details: a DVD drive lets you watch full-length
movies on your computer, and you don’t even have to rewind! If you are
interested and if your computer is set up in a room to allow easy viewing, you
can rent videos, not on videotape, but on the newest form of CD drives, the
DVD. The DVD is the most recent generation of CD drives; a DVD disk can
hold about six times as much information as a regular CD.
CD and DVD Burner

If you want to write your own CDs but your CD drive doesn't have
writing capabilities, you might consider buying a specialized drive for this
purpose. This kind of drive is called a CD burner. CD burners are quite
inexpensive and easy to install. The more expensive DVD burners use the
newer DVD format, which allows you to store more information on your disks.
Scanners for Transferring Photos onto Your Computer
A scanner is used to copy an image or page for storage and display on
the computer. Scanners typically look like little copying machines, with a
glass plate (the plate you put the copy on) and a heavy rubberized mat that
lies on top of that.
DVD drives still accept standard CD-ROM disks and audio CDs, so you don’t need
a CD drive if you get a DVD drive.
Use a scanner such as this one to move print pictures onto your computer.
Scanners are great if you have many pictures that you want to preserve or
share with others. Scanners are also great if you have a lot of typed text that
you want to store on the computer. Scanners now come with OCR (optical
character recognition) software that actually reads the text on the page and
turns it into a text file. This doesn’t work very well with handwritten text,
however, so if your intention is to use a scanner to translate your brother’s
badly written letters into something legible, don’t count on it.
Special Needs
What happens when someone can’t use a standard keyboard or mouse?
Or what if someone can’t read the screen well or hear the computer’s audio
cues? Smaller companies have created a whole class of hardware for special
needs. If you’re visually or hearing impaired, or suffer from arthritis or partial
paralysis, some useful and well-conceived alternatives are available for you.
Some special needs options are built into Windows, and there is a universe of
hardware and software options available as well.
The range of options is almost as diverse as the range of special needs. To find
the best software and hardware solution, ask your specialist or local
gerontologist for more information. When you get on the Web, you’ll find a
huge number of resources to choose from as well.
Note
Windows XP comes with Accessibility Options, which address many special computing
needs. Visit http://www.microsoft.com/enable/products/ for details on how to access these
features and for more information on other accessibility products.
Other Attachments
Besides all the things commonly attached to a computer, an impressive array
of other attachments exists. Here are some of the things that might catch your
eye. If it’s an electrical appliance, there’s a good chance that one model or
another can connect to your computer. Here is a partial list:
■ Some types of musical keyboards referred to as MIDI keyboards or
MIDI compatible keyboards can be connected to your computer so
that you can record a performance, edit it, and play it back.
■ Robotics toys allow you to build a robot, program it on your PC, and
then let it roam around your home executing your instructions.
■ Digital video cameras can be attached to your computer, and you can
transfer images to or from your computer.
■ Digital cameras, which are cameras that take instant, filmless
pictures, allow you to snap away and then transfer the pictures
directly to your PC.
■ Sewing machines connect to a personal computer and do
extraordinary multicolored stitch work based on the orders you
give it.
SELF CHECK 3.1-2
Matching Type: Match column A to column B.
A B
Mouse
Keyboards
Monitors
Speakers
Scanners
ANSWER KEY
A B
Mouse
Keyboards
Monitors
Speakers
Scanners
Computer Storage Devices
the different type’s computer storage devices.
Knowing what kinds of storage devices are available can keep you from
using up too much space on your computer’s hard drive. They can also help
keep your computer’s hard drive from crashing, along with keeping it running
at top speed.
The most common storage devices are:
 Floppy Disks
 Zip Disks
 CD + RW
 CD + R
 DVD + RW
 DVD + R
Floppy Disk – They are plastic square disks, usually with a silver or black
sliding piece going across the top. These disks come in a variety of colors and
they hold about 144 million bytes. (Bytes are characters, symbols and letters).
Zip Disk – They look like a floppy disk, but they are a little thicker. This disk
also comes in a variety of colors and holds about 200 MB of data.
CD + RW Disc (Compact Disc Rewriteable) – This disc looks like a regular CD.
The only difference is that you can write on this disc and erase it as many
times as you want. It works just like a floppy disk or a zip disk. A CD + RW
disc holds about 650 MB.
c (Compact Disc Recordable) – This one is a CD that you can record on. It’s
mostly used to record audio and once it’s been written on, you cannot rewrite
or erase anything off of it. This compact disc comes in different sizes, but they
are usually silver in color. (Some CDs are black in color and they actually
don’t get as many scratches on them as the silver ones do. They are also a lot
less fragile).
A DVD – R Disc (Digital Video Recordable) – These discs hold the space of
about 4.7 GB and are used to record movies on.
The more uncommon storage devices are:
 Removable Hard Drive

 Internet Hard Drive
 Flash
 PC Cards
 Smart Cards
 Storage Tapes
 Memory Sticks
 Smart Media
Removable Hard Drive – This is a disk drive in which a plastic or metal case
surrounds the hard drive. It can be inserted and removed just like a floppy
disk. It holds about 2 GB of data.
Internet Hard Drive – This one is a service on the Internet that provides
storage space to computer users. This service offers about 25 MB of space,
but it could be more, depending on the service type.
Flash Drive – This a storage device that comes in many colors and has a stick
shape to it. They are very small in size, but they can hold anywhere between
256 MB and 16 GB of material on them.
PC Card – This is a thin credit card size device that fits into a PC card slot,
usually on a notebook computer. This card simply adds storage to most
notebooks.
Smart Cards – These are the size of an ATM card. When inserted into a
smart card reader, they can read and update data for you.
Storage Tape – This one is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic, capable

of storing large amounts of data at a very low cost. Usually, storage tapes
are a little bigger than audio tapes. Older computers used tape and tape
drives, but even today, some people still back their systems up with storage
tape. These tapes hold between 20 GB to about 110 GB of data. An external
tape drive can be purchased separately as well, but those are even harder to
find.
Miniature Mobile Storage Media – This is used mostly with handheld

computers and digital cameras.
Memory Stick – This is a rectangular shaped disk that is used mostly with
digital cameras and notebook computers. They hold approximately 128 MB
as well.
Micro Drive – This is a square disk that has 1 GB of space and is used with
digital cameras and handheld computers.
Smart Media Disc – This is a square disk that has 2 MB to about 128 MB of
space on it. It’s used with digital cameras, handheld computers and photo
printers.
There you go! These are just some of the storage devices that are available
today. So, the next time you want to save something that takes up a large
amount of space on your hard drive, think twice about it and consider using
one of these storage devices instead. One of these devices could save you a
lot of space on your hard drive and keep your system running at its best!
SELF CHECK 3.1-3
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Select the best answer of the given choices.

1. They look like a floppy disk, but they are a little thicker. This disk
also comes in a variety of colors and holds about 200 MB of data.
a. CD
b. Zip Disk
c. Hard Disk
d. DVD
2. These discs hold the space of about 4.7 GB and are used to record
movies on.
a. DVD – R Disc
b. CD – R Disc
c. CD + RW Disc
d. Zip Disk
3. This is a disk drive in which a plastic or metal case surrounds the
hard drive. It can be inserted and removed just like a floppy disk. It
holds about 2 GB of data.
a. Internet Hard Drive
b. Flash Drive
c. Removable Hard Drive
d. Storage Tape
4. This is a rectangular shaped disk that is used mostly with digital
cameras and notebook computers. They hold approximately 128
MB as well.
a. Miniature Mobile Storage Media
b. Memory Stick
c. Micro Drive
d. Smart Media Disc
5. This a storage device that comes in many colors and has a stick
shape to it. They are very small in size, but they can hold anywhere
between 256 MB and 16 GB of material on them.
a. Flash Drive
b. Memory Stick
c. Micro Drive
d. Smart Media Disc
ANSWER KEY 3.1-3
1. B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. A
LEARNING OUTCOME
Input data into computer
#2
CONTENTS:
 Communication skills to identify lines of communication, request
advice, follow instructions and receive feedback
 Basic ergonomics of keyboard and computer user
1. Data entered into the computer using appropriate
program/application in accordance with company procedure
2. Accuracy of information checked and information saved in
accordance with standard operating procedures
3. Inputted data stored in storage media according to requirements
4. Work performed within ergonomic guidelines.
CONDITION:
 Equipment:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
 Supplies/Materials:
- Operating system
EVALUATION METHOD:
 Hands-on
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 2: INPUT DATA INTO COMPUTER

1. Read Information Sheet If you have some problem on the content of
2.2-1 Major Types of the information sheets don’t hesitate to
Software approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
on the content of the information sheets,
you can now answer Self Check provided
in the module.
2. Answer Self-Check for Compare your answer to the answer key
2.2-1 2.2-1. If you got 100% correct answer in
this self-check, you can now to next
information sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the self-
check again.
2.2-2 OPERATING SYSTEM the information sheets don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
in the module.
this self-check, you can now go to the next
information sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the self-
check again.
2.2-3 Customizing Windows the information sheets don’t hesitate to
Desktop approach your facilitator.
in the module.
this self-check, you can now perform task
sheet 2.-1. If not review the information
sheet and go over the self-check again.
Compare your work to the performance
7. Perform Task Sheet
checklist. If you got 100% correct answer in
2.2-1
this task, you can now move to the next
Customize Windows Learning Outcome. If not review the
Desktop information sheet and go over the task
again.
After doing all activities of this LO, you
are ready to proceed to the next LO.
Information Sheet 3.2-1
Major Types Of Software
the different major types of software.
Software is the means by which computer systems speak with computer

users. Software forms the heart of computer systems. What are the major
types of software? Read on to find out.
Software, by definition, is the collection of computer programs, procedures

and documentation that performs different tasks on a computer system. The
term 'software' was first used by John Tukey in 1958. At the very basic level,
computer software consists of a machine language that consists of groups of
binary values, which specify processor instructions. The processor
instructions change the state of computer hardware in a predefined sequence.
Briefly, computer software is the language in which a computer speaks. There
are different types of computer software. What are their major types? Let us
see.
Major Types of Software
Programming Software: This is one of the most commonly known and

popularly used forms of computer software. This software comes in forms of
tools that assist a programmer in writing computer programs. Computer
programs are sets of logical instructions that make a computer system
perform certain tasks. The tools that help the programmers in instructing a
computer system include text editors, compilers and interpreters.
System Software: It helps in running the computer hardware and the

computer system. System software is a collection of operating systems; devise
drivers, servers, windowing systems and utilities. System software helps an
application programmer in abstracting away from hardware, memory and
other internal complexities of a computer.
Application Software: It enables the end users to accomplish certain specific
tasks. Business software, databases and educational software are some forms
of application software. Different word processors, which are dedicated for
specialized tasks to be performed by the user, are other examples of
application software.
Apart from these three basic types of software, there are some other well-
known forms of computer software like inventory management software, ERP,
utility software, accounting software and others. Take a look at some of them.
Inventory Management Software: This type of software helps an

organization in tracking its goods and materials on the basis of quality as well
as quantity. Warehouse inventory management functions encompass the
internal warehouse movements and storage. Inventory software helps a
company in organizing inventory and optimizing the flow of goods in the
organization, thus leading to an improved customer service.
Utility Software: Also known as service routine, utility software helps in the
management of computer hardware and application software. It performs a
small range of tasks. Disk defragmenters, systems utilities and virus scanners
are some of the typical examples of utility software.
Data Backup and Recovery Software: Ideal data backup and recovery
software provides functionalities beyond simple copying of data files. This
software often supports user needs of specifying what is to be backed up and
when. Backup and recovery software preserve the original organization of files
and allow an easy retrieval of the backed up data.
This was an overview of the major types of software. Computer software are
widely popular today and hence we cannot imagine a world of computers
without them. We would not have been able to use computers if not for the
software. What is fascinating about the world of computers is that it has its
own languages, its ways of communication with our human world and human
interaction with the computers is possible, thanks to computer software. I
wonder, if the word 'soft' in ‘software’ implies ‘soft-spokenness’, which is an
important quality of a pleasant communication
SELF CHECK 3.2-1
MATCHING TYPE: Match column A to column B
A B
1. Programming Software A. It enables the end users to
accomplish certain specific
tasks.
2. System Software B. Software preserves the
original organization of files
and allows an easy retrieval
of the backed up data.
3. Application Software C. It helps in running the
computer hardware and
the computer system.
4. Utility Software D. These software come in
forms of tools that assist a
programmer in writing
computer programs
5. Data Backup and E. Also known as service
Recovery Software routine, It helps in the
management of computer
hardware and application
software.
ANSWER KEY 3.2-1
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. E
5. B
OPERATING SYSTEM
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
the operating systems.
An operating system (OS) is software, consisting

of programs and data, that runs on computers, manages computer
hardware resources, and provides common services for execution of various
application software. The operating system is the most important type
of system software in a computer system. Without an operating system, a user
cannot run an application program on their computer, unless the application
program is self booting.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the
operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and
the computer hardware,[1][2] although the application code is usually executed
directly by the hardware and will frequently call the OS or be interrupted by
it. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a
computer—from cellular phones and video to supercomputers and web
servers.
Examples of popular modern operating systems are: BSD, Linux, Mac OS

X, Microsoft Windows, and Unix.[3]
Types
Real-time
A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system that
aims at executing real-time applications. Real-time operating systems
often use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a
deterministic nature of behavior. The main objective of real-time
operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events.
They have an event-driven or time-sharing design and often aspects of
both. An event-driven system switches between tasks based on their
priorities or external events while time-sharing operating systems
switch tasks based on clock interrupts.
Multi-user vs. Single-user
A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a
computer system concurrently. Time-sharing system can be classified
as multi-user systems as they enable a multiple user access to a
computer through the sharing of time. Single-user operating systems,
as opposed to a multi-user operating system, are usable by a single user
at a time. Being able to have multiple accounts on a Windows operating
system does not make it a multi-user system. Rather, only the network
administrator is the real user. But for a Unix-like operating system, it
is possible for two users to login at a time and this capability of the OS
makes it a multi-user operating system.
Multi-tasking vs. Single-tasking
When a single program is allowed to run at a time, the system is
grouped under a single-tasking system, while in case the operating
system allows the execution of multiple tasks at one time, it is classified
as a multi-tasking operating system. Multi-tasking can be of two types
namely, pre-emptive or co-operative. In pre-emptive multitasking, the
operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one slot to each of
the programs. Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux
support pre-emptive multitasking. Cooperative multitasking is achieved
by relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a
defined manner. MS Windows prior to Windows 95 used to support
cooperative multitasking.
Distributed
A distributed operating system manages a group of independent
computers and makes them appear to be a single computer. The
development of networked computers that could be linked and
communicate with each other, gave rise to distributed computing.
Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine.
When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a
distributed system.
Embedded
Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded
computer systems. They are designed to operate on small machines like
PDAs with less autonomy. They are able to operate with a limited
number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by
design. Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded
operating systems.
SELF CHECK 3.2-2
TRUE OR FALSE
Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
____1. An operating system (OS) is software, consisting

of programs and data, that runs on computers,
manages computer hardware resources, and provides common
services for execution of various application software.
____2. A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system
that aims at executing real-time applications.
____3. A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a
computer system concurrently.
____4. Distributed operating systems are designed to be used in
embedded computer systems.
____5. An Embedded operating system manages a group of independent
computers and makes them appear to be a single computer.
ANSWER KEY 3.2-2
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. F
Customizing Windows Desktop
After reading this information sheet, YOU MUST be able to customize
windows desktop.
Start menu
The Start menu is a primary conduit to functions and files. How to configure
it for individual preferences is discussed.
Many of the properties of the Start menu can be configured by right-clicking
the Start button and choosing "Properties" from the context menu. Figure 1
shows the resulting properties sheet. To customize the Start menu, click the
"Customize" button. This will open the dialog box shown in Figure 2. Those
who wish can change the appearance of the Start menu to the older look by
choosing "Classic Start menu". Only the XP style will be considered in this
discussion.
Figure 1. Properties sheet for Start menu
Fgure 2. Dialog box for customizing Start menu

There are several areas in the Windows XP Start menu and these are shown
in figure 3. A number of the entries are discussed in following sections.
Figure 3. Sections in the Windows XP Start menu
Recently used programs

Using an algorithm that is not always clear, Windows XP will place shortcuts
to some of the programs that you have recently used into the area labeled
“Recently used programs”.
Pinned programs
If you wish to give a permanent place on the Start menu to a favorite program,
place it in the “Pinned” area. Right-click the program entry in the All Programs
menu or other location and choose “Pin to Start menu”. To remove a program
from the pinned area, right-click and choose “Unpin from Start menu”.
Organizing the “All Programs” menu

The listings in the All Programs menu are just shortcuts to the actual
program files and can be edited like any other shortcut.
Customizing Shortcuts
One way to use Windows XP better and more efficiently is to have a quick path to
your most common tasks. Here's how to create useful shortcuts.
Everyone is familiar with the icons placed on the desktop, the shortcuts to open
programs. Many are also aware that shortcuts can be placed in the taskbar.
However, the average PC user is often unfamiliar with the various methods that exist
for creating shortcuts, not just to programs but also for other functions. There are a
number of methods for creating new shortcuts:
 Drag and drop
 The right-click “Send To” function
 The right-click “New” function
A discussion of each approach to creating shortcuts is given in the sections below.
Drag and drop
The drag and drop method can be used in several ways. Either the left or the right
mouse button can be used for drag and drop with somewhat different behavior. I
prefer the right-click method and this will be the basis for the rest of the discussion.
Dragging with the right-click brings up the context menu shown in the figure.
One way to employ drag and drop is to use the menu entry "Copy
Here" to make a copy of an existing shortcut in a different location. For example, an
entry in the Start-All Programs menu can be dragged to the desktop or to the Quick
Launch bar to place a copy of a shortcut in a more readily available spot.
The right-click “Send To” function

For making shortcuts specifically on the desktop, the Send To function of the right-
click can be used (figure on the left). Simply right-click on the desired file or folder
and select "Desktop (create shortcut)" from the "Send To" menu.
The right-click “New” function
The most general method for creating shortcuts uses

the "New" function of the context menu that appears when a vacant spot within a
folder window or on the desktop is right-clicked (figure on the left). Right-click in the
folder where the shortcut is to be placed and select the entry "Shortcut" from the
menu. The dialog box shown below will open. The location of the target item can be
entered or the "Browse" function can be used to locate it.
First dialog box for creating new shortcut
If the "Browse" button is selected, the dialog shown below will open. Here you can
select the file or folder that you wish to create a shortcut for (the target). Once the
desired folder or file has been selected, Click the "OK" button.
Dialog box for Browse function
Customizing the Taskbar

The Taskbar is the strip across the length of the screen that is the central means for
accessing programs and files. Configuring it to suit individual preferences is
discussed.
Windows XP taskbar
Configuring the taskbar
To configure the taskbar, right-click in an empty space on the bar and select
“Properties” from the context menu. The resulting dialog box is shown in the
figure below.
Taskbar properties sheet
Notification Area (aka System Tray)
A variety of programs will place icons in the section of the taskbar on the far right
that typically contains the clock. In XP, Microsoft calls this the “Notification area”.
It was previously known as the “System tray”.
Section of Taskbar properties for Notification area
Toolbars
It is possible to add customized toolbars
to the middle area of the taskbar. Right-
click an empty spot on the taskbar and
choose “Toolbars”. There are five
standard default choices, including
“Quick Launch” (first figure below).
(Other software may sometimes add extra
choices.) There is also an item “New
toolbar” that allows the choice of any
folder (second figure below). The Desktop
toolbar gives access to the contents of the
desktop without having to minimize any
open windows. Similarly, a frequently
used folder can be made easily accessible by creating a toolbar for it.
TO CHANGE YOUR DESKTOP BACKGROUND

1. Open Display in Control Panel.
2. On the Desktop tab, do one or more of the following:
• Click a picture in the Background list. In Position, click Center, Tile,
or Stretch.
• Click Browse to search for a background picture in other folders or on other
drives. You can use files with the following extensions: .bmp, .gif, .jpg, .dib,
.png, .htm. In Position, click Center, Tile, or Stretch.
• Select a color from Desktop color. The color fills the space not used by a
picture.
Note
• To open Display, click Start, click Control Panel, click Appearance and Themes,
and then click Display.
• You can use a personal picture as a background. All of your personal pictures
located in My Pictures are listed by name in the Background list.
• You can save a picture from a Web site as a background. Right-click the picture
and then click Set as Background. The picture is listed in the Background box as
Internet Explorer Background.
• If you choose an .htm document as your background picture, the Position options
are unavailable. The .htm document is automatically stretched to fill your
background.
Screen Saver
A screensaver is a computer program originally designed to conserve the image

quality of computer displays by blanking the screen, or filling it with moving images
or patterns when the computer was not in use. Today, screensavers are primarily
used for entertainment or security purposes.
Steps:
1. Open Display properties by Clicking Start, Control Panel & Display or Right
Click your desktop and choose properties.
2. Click Screen Saver Tab
3. Choose your screen saver and click applies.
Self Check 3.2-3
TRUE OR FALSE:
Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
____1. The Start menu is a primary conduit to functions and files

____2. If you wish to give a permanent place on the Start menu to a favorite
program, place it in the “Work” area.
____3. One way to use Windows XP better and more efficiently is to have a
quick path to your most common tasks.
____4. For making shortcuts specifically on the desktop, the Send To function of the
right-click can’t be used.
____5. The Taskbar is the strip across the length of the screen that is the
central means for accessing programs and files.
ANSWER KEY 3.2-3
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
TASK SHEET 3.2-1
Title: Customize Windows Desktop

Performance Objective: Given the necessary tools and materials you
are going to change the desktop settings of your computer.
Supplies/Materials : Functional PC
Equipment :
Steps/Procedure:
1. Start computer using your user account.
2. Customized your start menu to standard
3. Change number of programs in start menu to 10 & use Small
Icon.
4. In advance tab
Check
 Open menus when I pause on them with my mouse
 Highlight newly installed programs
 Control Panel
Display as menu
 My Computer
Display as menu
 My Document
Display as link
 My Network Places – On
5. Change the desktop picture of your computer
6. Add Screen Saver
Assessment Method:
Performance Criteria Checklist

Performance Checklist 3.2-1
CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:
Started computer using your user account.
Customized your start menu to standard
Changed number of programs in start menu to 10 & use Small
Icon
Changed the desktop picture of your computer
Changed Screen Saver
LEARNING OUTCOME #3 Access information using computer
CONTENTS:
 Business application
 System software
 Basic ergonomics of keyboard and computer user
1. Correct program/application selected based on job requirements
2. Program/application containing the information required accessed
according to company procedures
3. Desktop icons correctly selected, opened and closed for navigation
purposes
4. Keyboard techniques carried out in line with OHS requirements for safe
use of keyboards
CONDITION:
 Equipment:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
- Operating system
- Disks
EVALUATION METHOD:
 Hands-on
Learning Outcome 3 : Access information using computer

1. Read Information Sheet If you have doubt/verifications regarding the
3.3-1 Getting Started data on the information sheet 3.3-1, you
with Word may ask the trainer or co-trainees who are
done with this activity.
2. Answer Self-Check for Compare answers with the answer key 3.3-
3.3-1 1. You are required to get all answers
correct. If not, read the information sheet
3.3-1 again to answer all questions
correctly.
3. Perform
Task Sheet 3.3-1: this task, you can now move to the next
Working with MsWord Information Sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the task
again.
3.3-2 data on the information sheet 3.3-2, you
Learning Worksheet may ask the trainer or co-trainees who are
Fundamentals done with this activity.
5. Answer Self-Check 3.3-2 Compare answers with the answer key 3.3-
2. You are required to get all answers
correctly.
6. Perform
Creating Worksheet Information Sheet. If not review the
again.
3.3-3 data on the information sheet 3.3-3, you
Creating a Presentation may ask the trainer or co-trainees who are
done with this activity.
8. Answer Self-Check 3.3-3 Compare answers with the answer key 3.3-
3. You are required to get all answers
correctly.
9. Perform
Creating Presentation Information Sheet. If not review the
again.
After doing all activities of this LO, you
are ready to proceed to the next LO.
Getting Started with Word
Learning Objectives
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

 Start Word.
 Explore the Word window.
 Enter text in a document.
 Save a document.
 Close a document and quit Word.
Just a few years ago, correspondence was created with paper and pencils, pens, or
typewriters. Gone are the days, however, of correction fluid, crossed-out words, and
wads of crumpled papers scattered around your garbage can. Today most personal
and professional correspondence is created using computers. And, in most cases,
those computers are running a word-processing program to make the creation of
documents easier and more accurate.
Microsoft Word is one such word-processing program. With the help of Microsoft
Word, you can quickly and easily create memos, faxes, reports, letters, charts, and
newsletters. You can also, among other things, add graphics to documents and use
other Microsoft Office XP programs to import data into a Word document. Not only
is Word a convenient time-saver, but Word also allows you to check spelling and edit
documents before printing. No longer do reports, letters, and other documents have
to be completely retyped just because of an error or two. Word allows you to edit
quickly and leaves you with a very clean, professional-looking document (and saves
you from emptying your garbage can so often).
In this lesson, you will learn how to start and quit Word and how to identify the
various components in the Word window, such as the menu bar and toolbar. You’ll
explore the task pane, you’ll practice entering text into a document, and then you’ll
save a document. To complete the procedures in this lesson, you will create your
own practice files.
A toolbar is a group of buttons used to carry out commands. For example, the Drawing toolbar
contains buttons that you can use to draw and format pictures.
The taskbar is the strip along the bottom or side of the screen. You use the mouse pointer to
open applications on the taskbar.
Starting Word
You start Word by clicking the Start button, which is at the left end (or top) of the
Microsoft Windows taskbar. After you start Word, the program appears in its own
window with a new, blank document open. A window is an area of the screen that
is used to display a program or document. Every window has common components,
including scroll bars and toolbars. You’ll learn more about the components of the
Word window later in this lesson. A document is a self-contained piece of work
created by using a program.
In other words, the Word window and each open document are displayed in separate
windows. You can use Word to open multiple documents (therefore multiple
document windows) at a time, you can resize a document window, and you can also
minimize a document window. When you minimize a document window, the
document window is reduced to a button on the Windows taskbar. The document is
still open; you just can’t see it.
Notice in this illustration that the

Standard and Formatting
toolbars are on separate lines to
allow you to view them clearly.
In this exercise, you use the Start button to open Word.

1 Click the Start button at the left end (or top) of the Windows taskbar, which
is typically located along the bottom of the screen. (You may also find it at
the top or along one of the sides of the screen.)
The Start menu appears.
2 On the Start menu, point to All Programs.
The All Programs submenu appears.
3 On the All Programs submenu, click Microsoft Word.
Word starts.
tip
Rather than clicking the Start button, pointing to All Programs, and clicking the program that you
want to use, you can save time by creating a desktop shortcut. You simply double-click a shortcut
icon to start its associated program. To create a desktop shortcut to Word, click the Start button,
point to All Programs, point to Microsoft Word, and hold down the Ctrl key while you drag the
Microsoft Word icon to the desktop. Double-click the Word shortcut icon to open Word.
Exploring the Word Window

Many components in the Word window are similar to those in other Windows
programs. The following illustration displays the elements in the Word window, and
a description of each element follows the figure.
A desktop shortcut is represented by an icon with a curved arrow in the left corner. You can create a shortcut by right-
clicking the desired button-icon and clicking Create Shortcut. The shortcut icon can be moved to the desktop by dragging
the icon to the desktop.
Title bar The area of a window or dialog box that displays the name of the current
dialog box or application and the name of the current document. It is located along
the top of the window.
Menu bar The area that lists the names of the menus available in Word. A menu is
a collection of related commands from which you can make a selection. The menu
bar is located just below the title bar.
Standard toolbar A toolbar that provides quick access to the editing functions you
use frequently. For example, on the Standard toolbar, the button that you use to
save a document contains an icon of a floppy disk. The Standard toolbar is located
just below the menu bar.
Formatting toolbar A toolbar that provides quick access to the formatting functions
that you use frequently. The names of buttons are displayed in ScreenTips when
you position the mouse pointer over the buttons.
Insertion point A blinking vertical line in the document window that indicates
where the next character (any single letter, number, space, tab, page break,
paragraph mark, or symbol that can be entered in a document) typed from the
keyboard will appear.
Selection area The area between the left edge of the window and the left edge of a
line of text. You position the mouse pointer in the selection area to select an entire
line of text. The pointer changes to a right-pointing arrow when it is positioned in
the selection area.
Ruler An on-screen scale marked with inches or other units of measure, which
changes the indentation of paragraphs, resets a page margin (an area of blank space
between the edge of the paper and the text), and adjusts the width of columns. The
ruler is located below the toolbars.
Scroll bars Bars that are used for moving the view of the document. The vertical
scroll bar is located along the right side of the window, and the horizontal scroll bar
is located along the lower portion of the window, just above the status bar.
Navigation buttons Buttons that are used for moving the view in a long document.
These buttons are located on the vertical scroll bar.
Status bar A bar that displays explanations of currently selected text at the bottom
edge of the program window.
Minimize button A button that reduces a window to a button on the Windows

taskbar. It appears as a button with a horizontal line and is located in the group of
three buttons at the upper-right corner of the window.
Maximize/Restore Down button A button that switches back and forth, or toggles
(alternately turns an option on or off each time that the option is selected) between
displaying a window in its maximum size and restoring a window to its previous size.
It is located in the group of three buttons at the upper-right corner of the window.
Close button A button that closes the current window or application. It is located
in the group of three buttons at the upper-right corner of the window.
ScreenTip A help item that shows the name of a button or screen element when
you rest the mouse pointer on a toolbar button or screen element.
Task pane Word organizes commands for common tasks in the task pane, a small
window next to your document that opens when you need it. For example, when you
start Word, you see the New Document task pane, which includes commands for
opening and creating documents. Use the New Document task pane to open a saved
or blank document, to create a document based on an existing one, or to create a
document from a template (a file containing structure and style settings that help
you create a specific type of document, such as a memo or resume). You can also
show or hide any task pane when you like. If you want to use a task pane and the
one that you want does not appear, you can manually show the task pane and then
select the specific task pane that you want from the Other Task Panes menu on the
task pane. If you no longer need the task pane, you can hide it to free up valuable
screen space in the program window. On the View menu, click Task Pane; clicking
the command hides the task pane if it is currently displayed or shows it if it is
currently hidden.
tip
The task pane opens each time you start Word and closes when you open a document. If you don’t
want the task pane to appear each time you start Word, clear the Show at Startup check box in the
task pane.
Entering Text
You begin creating a document by simply typing text. When you enter text into a
document, you don’t have to press Enter at the end of each line. Word’s word wrap
automatically wraps text from one line to the next each time the insertion point
reaches the right margin. Word wrap breaks lines of text so that they stay within
margin boundaries; you don’t have to enter hard returns. You press Enter only when
you want to begin a new paragraph or insert a blank line. Word uses left and right
page margins of 1.25 inches and top and bottom margins of 1 inch by default;
however, you can reset the page margins.
As you type text, the insertion point moves, indicating the location for the next character. If you
make a mistake, press Backspace to delete characters to the left of the insertion point or press
Delete to delete characters to the right of the insertion point.
Saving a Document
The text that you enter is stored in the computer’s memory, which is temporary. To
keep the file for future use, you must store the document on your hard disk.
In this exercise, you save your new document to your hard disk and save the
document again after you make changes.
1 On the Standard toolbar, click the Save button to display the Save As dialog box.
2 In the File name box, type Brochure 01.

3 Click the Save In down arrow, and click the icon for your hard disk.
4 Double-click the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder.
The Save in box displays the text Computer Fundamentals Practice, and the
dialog box displays the contents of the Computer Fundamentals Practice
folder.
5 Double-click the Part III folder, and then the Lesson01 folder.
The Lesson01 folder opens.
6 Click the Save button.
The file is saved to your hard disk with the new name, which is now
displayed in the Microsoft Word title bar.
7 Click at the end of the first paragraph to position the insertion point there.
8 Press the Spacebar, and type the following sentence:
Meetings are held monthly where an expert guest speaker presents
timely and pertinent information.
9 On the Standard toolbar, click the Save button.
Word saves the document.
Keep this file open for the next exercise.
Tip
Word saves documents for recovery in case the program stops responding or you
lose power. The Document Recovery task pane lists all recovered documents and
allows you to open the documents, view the repairs, and compare the recovered
versions. Word saves the changes in a recovery file based on the amount of time
indicated in the AutoRecover option. To turn on the AutoRecover option and specify
a time interval in which to save, on the Tools menu, click Options, click the Save
tab, select the Save AutoRecover info every check box, specify the period of time, and
then click OK.
Closing a Document
and Quitting Word
After a file is stored on your hard disk, you can clear it from the screen by closing
the document window or quitting Word. If the document has not been saved, Word
prompts you to save the file before closing the window.
To clear a document from the document window, on the File menu, click Close, or
in the upper-right corner of the screen, click the Close button. Closing the current
document window leaves Word still running. When you click Exit on the File menu,
the Word program quits.
1 On the File menu, click Close.
The document closes, leaving Word open but no documents open.
2 On the File menu, click Exit.
Word closes.
3 To restart Word, Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, point to All
Programs, and click Microsoft Word. (You could also choose Microsoft Word
from the first column of the Start menu.)
Word starts.
4 Click the Close button on the New Document task pane.
Keep the new Word document open for the next exercise.
To close MS Word Window

1 On the File menu, click Close to close the file. If you are prompted to save
changes, click No.
Word closes the file without saving the changes.
2 In the upper-right corner of the Word window, click the Close button.
The Word program closes.
Self-Check 3.3-1
1 How do you save a copy of the current document without changing the
original version?
2 What are two ways that you can close a document?
3 What happens when you click the button labeled with an X in the upper-
right corner of the Word window?
4 How do you separate the Standard and Formatting toolbars?
5 What is the Start menu used for?
Answer Key 3.3-1
1. File/ Save as/
2. File Close and Click the close X button.
3. It will close the window
4. By dragging the toolbar
5. Use to open a program or application.
TASK SHEET 3.3-1
Title: Working with MsWord

 Performance Objective: Given the necessary supplies and materials, you
are going to create and type a document using MS Word
Supplies/Materials
 Personal Computer
Equipment : PC
Steps/Procedure:
1. Open MS Word and type the following:
Naming files and directories
Formation of file and directory names are governed by the following

rules:
1. There should be a maximum of eight (8) characters used, with no

spaces in between, and an optional extension of at most three (3)
characters after a period.(For DOS and Windows 3.11 or 3.11 only)
2. The period (.) is a special character. It is used for no other purpose
but to separate the name of the file from the extension. No Space are
placed before and after the period.
3. Valid characters that may be used are as follows:
a. the letters of the alphabet, from A to Z, regardless of whether they
are upper or lower case;
b. the digits ) to 9; and
c. the following special characters:
underscore (_) , caret (^), dollar sign ($), tilde (~), exclamation point (!),
Number sign (#), percent sign (%), ampersand (&), hyphen (-), braces
( { and } ), at sign (@), single quotation mark (`), apostrophe (‘), and
the parentheses, ( ).
4. Finally, no two names of a file or subdirectory in the same directory
may be identical
2. Perform the following requirements:
REQUIREMENTS:
A. Page setup C. Change the whole document
except the title:
Paper size = Letter Font size = 12
Orientation = Portrait Font style = Times New Roman
Margin: Alignment = Justify
Left = 1”
Right = 1” D. Spell Check the whole document
Top = 1” E. Italized “ For DOS and Windows
3.11.or 3.1 only
Bottom = 1” Number 4
B. Title
1. center align F. Underline all word “file/s” and
“Directory /ies”
2. Font size = 18
3. Bold
4. Case = Uppercase
5. Font style - Arial
3. . Write “Prepared By:” and “Your Name” 5 spaces after the last entry of
your exercise.
4. Save your work as “ ACT1”
5. Let your trainer check your works.
Assessment Method:

CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:

Opened MS Word Application
Typed the document completely
Formatted document based on the requirements
Saved the document on the designated folder
Closed the document properly
Closed the Ms Word Application

Learning Worksheet Fundamentals

 Create a workbook.
 Understand Microsoft Excel window elements.
 Select cells.
 Enter text, numbers, and dates in a worksheet.
 Enter a range of data.
 Edit cell contents.
 Move between worksheets.
 Name and save a workbook.
 Open a workbook.
 Close a workbook and quit Excel.
Microsoft Excel is an excellent program for organizing, formatting, and calculating

numeric data. Excel displays data in a row-and-column format, with gridlines
between the rows and columns, similar to accounting ledger books or graph paper.
Consequently, Excel is well suited for working with numeric data for accounting,
scientific research, statistical recording, and any other situation that can benefit
from organizing data in a table-like format. Teachers often record student grade
information in Excel, and managers often store lists of data—such as inventory
records or personnel records—in Excel. As you work through this course, you’ll learn
how Excel makes it easy to perform calculations on numeric data and provides
dozens of ways to format data for presentation purposes, including charts and
reports.
Creating a Workbook
You start Excel by using any of the methods that you use to start other Microsoft
Windows programs.
1 On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, point to All Programs, and
click Microsoft Excel.
Excel opens with Book1 ready for you to use.
2 In the New section of the New Workbook task pane, click Blank Workbook.
Excel creates a workbook called Book2 and the task pane disappears.
Excel closes Book2, and Book1 reappears.
Understanding Window Elements

Many elements in the Excel window are similar to those in windows of other Windows
programs. The graphic on the following page points out the most important parts of
Excel, the last two of which were new in Excel 2002: the workbook window, the main
menu bar, the formula bar, the Standard and Formatting toolbars, the Ask A
Question box, and the task pane.
The following table describes the elements in the Excel window.

Element Description
Title bar Identifies the current program and the name of the
current workbook.
Menu bar Lists the names of the menus in Excel.
Toolbars Give you quick access to functions that you use
frequently, such as formatting, aligning, and
totaling cell entries. The Standard and Formatting
toolbars appear by default.
Name Box Displays the address of the active cell.
Formula Bar Displays the contents of the active cell.
Task pane Lets you open files, paste data from the Clipboard,
create blank workbooks, and create Excel
workbooks based on existing files.
Ask A Question box Displays the help topics that match your request,
when you type a question in the box.
Status bar Displays information about a selected command. It
also indicates the status (on or off) of the Caps Lock
and Num Lock keys.
Scroll bars Include a vertical and a horizontal scroll bar and
four scroll arrows, each of which is used to display
different areas of the worksheet.
Select All button Selects every cell in a worksheet.
Sheet tabs Let you display worksheets in the open workbook.
Worksheet A grid of vertical columns (identified by alphabetic
characters) and horizontal rows (identified by
numeric digits). Columns and rows intersect to form
cells. Each cell can be identified by a full-cell
reference, or address, consisting of the column and
row coordinates of that cell—for example, B3.
Active cell The cell, designated by a thick border, which will be
affected when you type or edit data.
Minimize button Minimizes the window to a button on the taskbar.
Maximize/Restore Toggles (switches back and forth) between
Down button maximizing a window and restoring a window to its
previous size.
Close button Closes the window on which the button appears.
ScreenTip A small pop-up box that displays the name of an
object or toolbar button if you point to it with the
mouse pointer.
Work with Excel window elements.

1 Point to the Chart Wizard button on the Standard toolbar for a few seconds.
A ScreenTip appears, displaying the words Chart Wizard.
2 Point to the Name Box, which contains the cell address A1.
A ScreenTip appears, displaying the title Name Box.
3 Click the Toolbar Options button at the end of the Formatting toolbar.
A menu with options appears.
4 Point to the Add or Remove Buttons command.

A menu with additional commands appears.
5 Point to Formatting on the submenu.

A menu with the formatting button options appears.
6 Position your mouse pointer over each newly displayed toolbar button.
A ScreenTip appears to explain each button.
7 When you are done, click somewhere outside of the open menus to close the
menus.
Selecting Cells
Before you can enter data into a worksheet, you must identify the cell (the
intersection of a row and a column) in which you want to put the data. This is
known as selecting the cell. You can select a single cell, a row, a column, and
groups of adjacent and nonadjacent cells.
To select a single cell, simply click that cell. When a cell is selected, a black border
surrounds it, and that cell becomes the active cell, as shown in the following
illustration.
When you select a cell, the

text on its row selector (the
gray button at the left end of
its row) and its column
selector (the gray button at
the top of its column) appears
in bold. That feature makes it
easier to see the row and
column “coordinates” of the
selected cell. In addition,
the cell address appears in
the Name Box.
You can select all of the cells in a worksheet by clicking the Select All button at the
top-left corner of the worksheet.
You can select a single row or column in a worksheet by clicking the corresponding
row or column selector.
In this exercise, you select an entire row and an entire column in the current
worksheet.
1 Click the column selector for column D.
Column D is selected.
2 Click the row selector for row 1.
Row 1 is selected.
3 Click the column selector for column B, and drag the mouse pointer to the
column selector for column E.
The columns are selected.
4 Click any cell in column G.
Columns B, C, D, and E are deselected.
Selecting a Range of Cells

A range is normally identified by the references for its first and last cells with a colon
between them. For example, the vertical range extending from cell A1 to cell A9 is
identified as A1:A9. Likewise, the horizontal range extending from cell C3 to cell G3
is identified as C3:G3. Ranges that extend across a block of columns and rows are
identified by the addresses for the cells in the top-left and bottom-right corners of
that block (C5:F9), as shown in the following illustration.
Another way to select a

range of columns is to click
the first column selector in
the range, hold down the
Shift key, and then click the
last column selector in the
range. The same method
works for selecting a range of
rows.
You select a range of cells by dragging the mouse pointer over the cells. When you
select a range of cells, the first cell chosen becomes the active cell. The active cell is
white, and the range of cells is blue.
In this exercise, you select a group of adjacent cells in the current worksheet.
1 Click cell E3, hold down the mouse button, drag the mouse pointer down to
cell E12, and release the mouse button.
The range E3:E12 is selected, and E3 remains the active cell.
2 Click cell A5, hold down the Shift key, and click cell H16.
The range is selected, and A5 remains the active cell.
To select multiple
nonadjacent cell ranges,
select the first range, hold
down the Ctrl key, and then
select any additional ranges.
3 Click cell F17, hold down the Shift key, and press the Down arrow key four
times.
The range of cells from F17 to F21 (referred to as F17:F21) is selected.
Entering Text in a Worksheet

In this exercise, you enter text in a worksheet.
After you’ve typed data for a
1 Click cell A1, type Sales, and press Enter. cell, you can enter the data
by pressing Enter, Tab, or the
The text is entered into cell A1, and A2 becomes the active cell.
arrow keys. Anything that
moves the insertion point out
2 Click cell A3, type Cabins, and press Enter. of the cell enters the data.
Cell A3 contains the word Cabins, and the active cell moves to A4.
3 Type Condos, and press Enter.

The word Condos is entered into cell A4.
Entering Numbers in a Worksheet

A numeric entry contains some combination of the digits 0 through 9 and,
optionally, the following special characters.
Character Used To
+ Indicate a positive value
- or ( ) Indicate a negative value
$ Indicate a currency value
% Indicate a percentage
/ Indicate a fraction
. Indicate a decimal value
, Separate the digits of the entry
E or e Display the entry in scientific
(exponential) notation
If you start an entry with a plus sign to indicate a positive number, Excel ignores the
sign. If you type parentheses to indicate a negative number, the number appears
with a minus sign. If you include a dollar sign, a percent sign, a forward slash, a
comma, or an exponential symbol, the program automatically assigns a numeric
format to the entry.
By default, a numeric entry appears right-justified in a cell. If the entry is longer
than the defined width of the cell, it appears in scientific notation, as pound signs
(####), or rounded. Internally, however, Excel stores all numbers as originally
entered.
In this exercise, you enter sales figures in your worksheet.
1 Click cell B3, type 42848, and press Enter.
The number is entered in cell B3, and B4 becomes the active cell.
2 Type 92346, and press Enter.
The number is entered in cell B4, and B5 becomes the active cell.
Entering Dates in a Worksheet

Dates in Excel worksheets can be represented using only numbers or a combination
of text and numbers. For example, January 22, 2004, and 1/22/04 are two ways of
entering the same date. Like text, dates are often used as row and column labels.
But unlike text, dates are considered serial numbers; they are sequential and can
be added, subtracted, and used in calculations.
In this exercise, you enter dates in a worksheet.

1 Click cell B1, type January 2004, and press Tab.
Excel abbreviates the date to Jan-04, and C1 becomes the active cell.
2 Type Feb 2004, and press Tab.
Excel uses the same date formatting as above, and Feb-04 is entered in cell
C1. D1 is now the active cell. To change the default date format of your computer, click
Keep this file open for the next exercise. Start, point to Control Panel, click Date, Time, Language
and Regional Options, click Change the format of numbers,
dates, and times, click the Customize button, select the
Entering a Range of Data Date tab, and select a format on the Short Date Format list.
To enter data in an individual cell, you type the data, and then press Enter. When
you have several consecutive entries to make, you can select the range first to
enter the data more quickly.
In this exercise, you enter more sales figures in your worksheet.
1 Click cell C3, drag to cell D4, and release the mouse button.
Cells C3, C4, D3, and D4 are selected.

The number is entered into cell C3, and C4 becomes the active cell.
The number is entered into cell C4, and D3 becomes the active cell.
When entering text into a
range of cells, you can press
Tab to move from cell to cell
horizontally and Enter to
move from cell to cell
vertically. When you reach
the end of a column within a
range, pressing Enter will
take you to the cell at the top
The number is entered into cell D3, and D4 becomes the active cell.

The number is entered, and cell C3 becomes the active cell.
Editing Cell Contents

In this exercise, you revise some of the entries in the current worksheet.
1 Click cell B3, position the mouse pointer between 2 and 8 in the Formula
bar, and click.
Edit mode is activated, and the insertion point appears as an
I-beam. If you click a cell and then
2 Press Backspace, type 6, and press Enter. press F2, Edit mode is
activated, and the insertion
Cell B3 now contains the entry 46848. point is placed at the end of
the cell, allowing you to add
3 Click cell C4, type 92313, and press Enter. to the current contents.
Cell C4 now contains the entry 92313.

4 Click cell C3, type 65452, and click the Cancel button on the Formula bar.
The data entry is cancelled and the original value is restored.
Moving Between Worksheets

As explained at the beginning of this lesson, each Excel workbook is made up of
individual worksheets. This gives you the flexibility to group worksheets with
similar subject matter together in one workbook. Right-click a sheet tab to
display a shortcut menu that
allows you to, among other
options, insert or delete
worksheets.
In this exercise, you view two worksheets within the same workbook.
1 Click the Sheet2 tab at the bottom of the workbook window.
Sheet2 and its contents appear. The worksheet is blank.
2 Click the Sheet1 tab at the bottom of the workbook window.
Sheet1 and its contents reappear.
Naming and Saving a Workbook

When you finish entering and editing data in a workbook, you need to name and
save the workbook on your hard disk so that the information will be available the
next time you start your computer.
As with any other Windows file, a workbook’s name can be up to 255 characters
long, but it can’t contain any of the following characters:
/\><*?“|:;
You can also use the controls in the Save As dialog box to specify a different format
for the new file.
. You also save the workbook as a Lotus file. (Lotus is another spreadsheet
program.)
1 On the File menu, click Save As.
Excel displays the Save As dialog box. The files and folders that appear in
this dialog box will depend on the folder that was last used to save a
workbook on your computer.
The Places bar in the Open
and Save As dialog boxes
gives you convenient access
to files stored in your My
Documents folder, in your
Favorites folder, and on your
desktop. The History folder
on the Places bar also
provides easy access to
recently opened workbooks.
You can also create folders

using Windows Explorer. You
don’t have to create them
within Excel.
2 Click the Save In down arrow, and click the icon for your local hard disk
(probably drive C).
3 Double-click the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder.
4 Click the Create New Folder button in the dialog box.
The New Folder dialog box appears.
5 Type 2004 Sales, and click OK.
The New Folder dialog box closes and the Save As dialog box displays the
2004 Sales folder. The name Book1 appears in the File name text box
because Book1 is the open file.
6 Select the text in the File name text box, type Lodging Sales, and then click
Save.
The file is named and saved.
7 On the file menu, click Save As.
8 In the Save As dialog box, click the down arrow in the Save as type text box.
9 Scroll and select the WK4(1-2-3)(*.wk4) option.
10 Click Save.
Your file is now saved with the same name but as a Lotus spreadsheet so it
has a different file name extension.
11 Close the workbook, but leave Excel open.
Opening a Workbook
After you save an Excel workbook, you can reopen it at any time to review its
contents and make changes.
1 On the Standard toolbar, click the Open button.
The Open dialog box appears.
2 Click the Look in down arrow, click the icon for your hard disk, and double-
click the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder.
The contents of the Computer Fundamentals Practice folder appear in the Open dialog box.
You can also display the

Open dialog box by clicking
Open on the File menu.
You can also open a file by

double-clicking the Excel icon
next to the file name in the
Open dialog box.
3 Double-click the Part IV folder, then the Lesson01 folder.

The names of the files stored in the Lesson01 folder appear.
4 Click the Employee Information file, and click Open.
The Open dialog box closes and the Employee Information file appears.
Excel closes the Employee Information workbook.
6 Click File on the menu bar.
Excel displays a list of recently opened workbooks at
the bottom of the File menu.
If you open an existing
7 On the File menu, click Employee Information. workbook, Excel closes the
The file opens. blank Book1 workbook that
appeared when you started
Keep this file open for the next exercise. the program.
Renaming a Worksheet
By default, the worksheets in each Excel workbook are named Sheet1, Sheet2, and
Sheet3. Just as giving a unique name to your workbook helps you remember what
is in it, renaming a worksheet can remind you of its contents.
In this exercise, you give a worksheet a different name.
1 Double-click the Sheet1 sheet tab.
Sheet1 is selected within the tab. You can also rename a
worksheet by right-clicking
the sheet tab and then
2 Type Directory, and press Enter. clicking Rename.
Directory appears in the sheet tab.
Closing a Workbook and Quitting

You can remove a workbook from the window by closing the workbook or by
quitting Excel.
1 Click the Close button in the top-right corner of the workbook window.
The workbook closes.
2 Click the Close button in the top-right corner of the Excel window.
Excel closes.
To close all open workbooks
at once, hold down the Shift
key, and then click Close All
on the File menu.
Self-Check 3.3-2
1. How can you rename a worksheet?

2. How can you close all open workbooks at once?
Answer Key 3.3-2
Rename worksheet
1. Double-click the Sheet1 sheet tab.
Sheet1 is selected within the tab.
2. Type Directory, and press Enter.
Directory appears in the sheet tab.
close all open workbooks at once.
How can you close all open workbooks at once?

1. Click the Close button in the top-right corner of the Excel window.
Excel closes
TASK SHEET 3.3-2
Title: CREATING WORKSHEET

Performance Objective: Given the necessary supplies and materials, you are
going to create a worksheet.
Supplies/Materials : Working PC
Equipment : PC
Steps/Procedure:
1. OPEN MS EXCEL & create worksheet name “ Excel Activity”
2. SET THE COLUMN WIDTH OF “A” TO 25

HOW:
1. BRING THE CELL POINTER TO COLUMN “A”
2. CLICK THE FORMAT MENU
3. SELECT COLUMN
4. CHANGE COLUMN WIDTH TO 25 & CLICK OK
3. IN A5 TYPE “ STUDENTS NAME”
4. IN B5 TYPE “AGE”
5. IN C5 TYPE “SEX”
6. IN D5 TYPE “1ST Grading”
7. IN E5 TYPE “ 2ND Grading”
8. IN F5 TYPE “ 3RD Grading”
9. IN G5 TYPE “ 4TH Grading ”
10. IN H5 TYPE “ Average”
11. IN A6 TO A25 ENTER DIFFERENT NAMES OF STUDENTS” (
Family Name, First Name)
12. ENTER THEIR AGE, SEX, AND GRADES FROM 1ST TO 4TH
GRADING.
13. COMPUTER THE AVERAGE GRADES OF EACH STUDENT.
HOW:
1. IN H6 TYPE THE FOLLOWING FORMULA:
= ( C.A. 1st grading + C.A. 2nd grading + C.A. 3rd grading + C.A.
4th grading)/4
= (D6 + E6 + F6 + G6)/4 ( PRESS ENTER)
You have now the average grade of first student
2. COPY THE AVERAGE GRADE OF FIRST STUDENT
HOW:
1. Position the cell pointer to the average grade to be
copied
2. Click Edit then Copy or click the icon Copy.
3. Highlight the cells were you put the average grades of
other students.
4. Click Edit then Paste or click the icon Paste.
14. Arrange the Name of Students in alphabetical order and separate
males from females.
How:
1. Highlight all name of students together with their age, sex,
and grades
2. Click Data Menu, Click Sort
3. In sort by select Sex and Descending
4. In then by select Name of Students and Ascending & Click OK
15. Insert one column in “A”
How:
1. Bring the Cell pointer in column A
2. Click Insert & Click column
16. Adjust the column width to 3.
How:
1. Position the cell pointer to “A”
2. Click Format Menu, Click Column, Set the column to 3 &
Click OK
17. Number the students from 1 to 20
How:
1. Type 1 for the first student and press enter
2. Bring the cell pointer to number 1
3. Click Edit Menu, select Fill then Series & In Series in, Click
column
4. In Step Value type 1 and in Stop Value type 20 & Click OK
18. Align Age, Sex and grades to Center
How:
1. Highlight Age, Sex and Grades and Click Center Align Icon.
19. Format the Average Grades to two decimal places.
How:
1. Highlight the Average Grades
2. Click Format Menu, Click Cells, then choose Number
3. In Decimal Places type 2 then click OK
20. Write the SICAT Heading on the top of the document
How:
1. Highlight Row 1, 2, 3 & 4, Click Insert, Click Row
2. In Column A Type the SICAT Heading & Grading Sheet (
Written in the Board)
3. Center Align the Heading by using Merge & Center Icon.
How: 1. Highlight A1 to H1 then click icon Merge and Center
2. Continue the same procedure to second, third until
the Last entry of your heading
21. At the Bottom of the document, write Prepared by: and Your Name
22. Print Preview and Make Necessary Adjustment of the document.
23. Save your work
Assessment Method:
CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:

Opened MS Excel Worksheet
Entered Data completely.
.Formatted data based on the requirements
Used formula in computing Average Grade
Sorted the names in alphabetical order
Saved the worksheet
Exit MS Excel
Information Sheet 3.3-3
Creating a Presentation

 Start Microsoft PowerPoint.
 Explore the PowerPoint window.
 Choose a method to start a presentation.
 Create a presentation using a wizard.
 Save a presentation.
With Microsoft PowerPoint, you can create overhead slides, speaker notes, audience
handouts, and outlines—all in a single presentation file. PowerPoint offers powerful
tools to help you create and organize a presentation step by step.
Starting Microsoft PowerPoint

After you install PowerPoint and the practice files, you are ready to start PowerPoint.
As with other programs, there are several ways to start PowerPoint. One way is to
use the Start button on the taskbar.
1 On the taskbar, click Start.
The Start menu appears.
2 On the Start menu, point to All Programs.
The Programs menu appears, displaying all the programs on your hard disk drive, including
Microsoft PowerPoint. A portion of the Programs menu should look like the illustration on
the following page.
If you have installed

PowerPoint 2002 as a
separate program, your menu
might look different.
3 Click the Microsoft PowerPoint icon to start PowerPoint.
tip
You can also start PowerPoint by creating a shortcut icon on the Windows desktop.
Simply double-click a shortcut icon to start its associated program. To create a
shortcut, click the Start button, point to All Programs, right-click Microsoft
PowerPoint, point to Send To, and then click Desktop (create shortcut).
A desktop shortcut is represented by an icon with a curved arrow in the left corner.
Exploring the PowerPoint Window
When Microsoft PowerPoint opens, it displays the program window. A window is an

area of the screen that is used to display a PowerPoint program or presentation
window. The presentation window is the electronic canvas on which you type text,
draw shapes, create graphs, add color, and insert objects. As with any Microsoft
Windows XP program, you can adjust the size of the PowerPoint and presentation
windows with the Minimize and Restore Down/Maximize buttons, and you can close
PowerPoint or the presentation window with the Close button.
Toolbar Options
The Standard and Formatting toolbars are located directly below the menu bar.
When PowerPoint is first started, the Standard and Formatting toolbars appear on
the same row to save window space. Only the most commonly used commands
appear on the toolbars.
Outline/Slides Pane
The default view, Normal, is made up of three panes: Outline/Slides, Slide, and
Notes. The Outline/Slides pane has tabs that allow you to alternate between an
outline of the slide text (the Outline tab) and a list of the presentation’s slides
displayed as thumbnails (Slides tab). The Slide pane shows the slide as it will appear
in the presentation. The Notes pane is where you enter speaker notes. You can resize
any of the panes by dragging the gray bar that separates them.
Task Pane
At the right side of the PowerPoint window is the task pane, as shown in the
illustration on the following page. The task pane displays commands and features
you use often in working with presentations.
When the Standard and Formatting toolbars share one
row, you can’t see all the buttons, but you can access
other buttons by clicking the Toolbar Options down
arrow at the end of the toolbar.
You can turn off the personalized menus feature so that all
commands appear all the time on the menus. On the Tools menu,
click Customize, click the Options tab, clear the Menus Show
Recently Used Commands First check box, and then click Close.
To open the task pane

manually, click Task Pane on
the View menu. This
command opens the task
pane if it is hidden or closes it
if it is open.
ScreenTip
Window menu and display a ScreenTip for a button.
1 On the menu bar, click Window.
The Window menu appears.
2 Click the arrows at the bottom of the Window menu to view the expanded
menu.
The expanded menu appears.
3 Click Next Pane.
4 On the menu bar, click Window again.
Notice that the Next Pane is now displayed on the Window menu. PowerPoint
has personalized the Window menu for you.
Slides Tab
In this exercise, you look at the Slides tab and use the Other Task Panes menu.
1 Position the pointer on the slide icon in the Slides tab of the Outline/Slides
pane.
A ScreenTip appears when you position the pointer over the icon.
2 Click the Other Task Panes down arrow.
The Other Task Panes menu opens.
3 Click an empty place anywhere in the PowerPoint window.
The Other Task Panes menu closes, leaving the New Presentation task pane
open.
Choosing a Method to Start a Presentation
The New Presentation task pane can help you work with existing presentations as
well as create new ones. If you have already created a presentation, you will find its
name listed in the Open a presentation section of the task pane. If you want to create
a new presentation, you can simply start adding text to the blank presentation in
the Slide pane or use the options in the New section of the task pane.
■ Click Blank Presentation to start a new presentation from scratch.
■ Click from Design Template to apply one of PowerPoint’s design templates to
a new, blank presentation.
■ Click From AutoContent Wizard to let PowerPoint help you with both
presentation content and a design.
Creating a Presentation Using a Wizard

Creating a presentation with the AutoContent Wizard can save you time by helping
you organize and write the presentation. The wizard takes you through a step-by-
step process, prompting you for presentation information, beginning with the title
slide, which is the first slide in the presentation.
In this exercise, you create a presentation using the AutoContent Wizard.
1 In the New Presentation task pane, click From AutoContent Wizard under New.
The New Presentation task pane closes and the AutoContent Wizard dialog box
opens, displaying the Start screen. On the left side of the dialog box is a list of
the screens in the wizard.
tip
If the Office Assistant appears, click No, don’t provide help now in the help screen.
2 Read the introduction, and then click Next.

The second screen in the AutoContent Wizard appears, and the square next to
Presentation type on the left of the dialog box turns green to indicate that this
is the current screen. The AutoContent Wizard prompts you to select a
presentation type. To help you identify presentation types quickly, the wizard
organizes presentations by category.
3 Click Projects.
4 In the list on the right, click Project Overview.
5 Click Next.
The AutoContent Wizard now prompts you to select a media type for the
presentation.
6 Click the On-screen Presentation option if necessary to select that
presentation type.
7 Click Next.
The AutoContent Wizard now prompts you to enter information for the title
slide and for footer information to be included on each slide.
8 Click in the Presentation title box, type New Employee Training Program
and then press Tab.
9 In the Footer box, type Contoso, Ltd.
10 Verify that the Date last updated and the Slide number check boxes are
selected.
In the steps throughout this

book, bold type indicates text
that you should type exactly
as it appears. If you make a
mistake as you type the
information, press Backspace
to delete the error, and then
type the correct text.
If you want to change any

of the information you
previously entered, click the
Back button.
11 Click Next, and then click Finish.

The PowerPoint presentation window appears with content provided by the
AutoContent Wizard in outline form in the Outline tab of the Outline/Slides
pane and the title slide in the Slide pane. The name on the title slide is the
name of the registered user.
Saving a Presentation
The work you have completed so far is stored only in your computer’s temporary
memory. To save your work for further use, you must give the presentation a name
and store it on your computer’s hard disk drive.
In this exercise, you save a presentation.

Almost every dialog box includes a question mark button in the upper-right corner of its window. When you click this button and then click any
dialog box control, a Help window appears that explains what the control is and how to use it.
1 On the Standard toolbar, click the Save button.

PowerPoint displays the Save As dialog box, as shown in the illustration on
the following page. The text in the box next to the label File name is selected
so that you can type a presentation name.
The Places Bar along the left
side of the Save As dialog
box provides convenient
access to commonly used
locations for saving files.
To create a new presentation

from existing slides, click File
on the menu bar, click Save
As, type a new name in the
File name box, and then click
Save.
If your hard disk uses a letter

other than C, substitute the
appropriate drive letter in
2 In the File Name box, type Contoso Employee Training Reportplace
Presof C.01.
The word Pres in the file name is an abbreviation for Presentation.
3 Click the Save In down arrow, and then click drive C.
4 In the list of file and folder names, double-click the Computer Fundamentals
Practice folder, then the Part V folder, and then double-click the Lesson01
folder.
5 Click Save or press Enter to save the presentation.
The title bar name changes from Presentation1 to Contoso Employee
Training Report Pres 01.
tip
PowerPoint saves presentations for recovery in case the program stops responding or you lose
power.
SELF CHECK 3.3-3
TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if The Statement is True And F if The Statement is False.
____1. You can also start PowerPoint by creating a shortcut icon on the
Windows desktop.
____2. The Standard and Formatting toolbars are located directly below the task
bar.
____3. The New Presentation task pane can help you work with existing
presentations as well as create new ones.
____4. The work you have completed so far is stored only in your computer’s
temporary memory called ROM.
____5. To save your work for further use, you must give the presentation a
name and store it on your computer’s hard disk drive.
ANSWER KEY 3.3-3
1. T
2. F
3. T
4. F
5. T
TASK SHEET 3.3-3
Title: Creating Presentation

going to create a presentation using power point.
Supplies/Materials : Personal Computer
Equipment : PC
Steps/Procedure:
1. Open Ms Power Point

2. Input the following data on your presentation:
Slide 1 = COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

Slide 2 = 4 core unit of competencies
1.Install computer systems and networks
2.diagnose and troubleshoot computer systems
3.Configure computer systems and networks
4.Maintain computer systems and networks
Slide 3 = ALAIN C. GALLARDE
Instructor
Slide 4 = Prepared by:
( your name)
3. Add design and graphics on your design.
4. Animate your work

5. Save your work
6. Show your presentation
Assessment Method: Demonstration with oral questioning

CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:

Opened MS Power Point application
Inputted necessary data completely
.Added design and graphics in their presentation
Animated their works
Saved their file
Shown the presentation

LEARNING
PRODUCE OUTPUT/DATA USING COMPUTER SYSTEM
OUTCOME #4
CONTENTS:
 Computer peripherals
1. Entered data processed using appropriate software commands
2. Data printed as required using computer hardware/peripheral devices
in accordance with standard operating procedures
3. Files and data transferred between compatible systems using
computer software, hardware/peripheral devices in accordance with
standard operating procedures
CONDITION:
 Equipment:
- printer
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
- Operating system
- Disks
EVALUATION METHOD:
 Lecture-demonstration
 Self-paced instruction
 Group discussion
Learning Outcome 4: Produce output/data using computer system

the information sheets don’t hesitate to
3.4-1 How to Print File
approach your facilitator.
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
3.4-1 3.4-1. If you got 100% correct answer in this
self-check, you can now Perform task Sheet
3.4-1. If not review the information sheet
and go over the self-check again.
3. Perform
Printing Document Information Sheet. If not review the
again.
How to Print File
After reading this information sheet, YOU MUST be able to identify the
computer hardware.
Printing Document
Steps
1. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or get on the
internet.
2. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into the document.
If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to step 7.
3. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate the menu
bar, click on file, then point to print.
4. Click on print.\
5. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to use (if it is
not already selected) and select the number of copies to print.
6. Click OK.
7. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps 3, 4, 5,
and 6, except you don't have to type text into a document to print.
Printing Spreadsheet
1. Format your spreadsheet the way you want to see it printed. Add borders
and shading as necessary to your tables and adjust column widths so
your data fits without overlapping. The better job you do preparing your
spreadsheet from the beginning, the easier it will be to print. Include
features like headers and footers to ensure all the necessary information
will be on the printout.
2. Change the screen view from normal mode to print view mode. For
Microsoft Excel, click "View" on the menu bar and then click "Page Break
Preview." Other spreadsheets will likely have a similar process. If not, go
to the "Print Preview" page and, if necessary, turn on the margins by
clicking the appropriate button--usually "Margins."
3.
3. Adjust the page breaks or margins by clicking on them and dragging them
in the direction you want them adjusted. Sometimes, the scale will
automatically adjust to fit your new margin or page-break definitions. If
not, you will have to do it manually.
4. Go to your spreadsheet's "Page Setup" function, usually in the "File"
menu, if you must manually adjust the scale. There are three types of
adjustments you may see. The first option is to choose between
"Landscape" and "Portrait." The former is better for wide, continuous
spreadsheets, while the latter is good for narrow or limited-length tables.
The second adjustment is to fit the spreadsheet to a set number of pages
in length and in width. The scale is automatically adjusted to meet the
criteria you define. The final option is to choose a percentage adjustment
from the original size. This can work to enlarge or reduce the final
printout.
4. Click the "Print" button on the toolbar once all of the adjustments are
made. There is no way to determine exactly how the spreadsheet will
look when it is finally on paper, so you may have to go back and fine-
tune some of your adjustments in order to print out a copy that is
professional and readable, especially for extremely wide or complex
spreadsheets.
Printing Slides in Power Point
Set the slide size and orientation for printing
To change your printing options, do the following:
1. On the Design tab, in the Page Setup group, click Page Setup.
2. In the Slides sized for list, click the size of paper on which you will be printing.
NOTES
 If you click Custom, type or select the measurements that you want in
the Width and Height boxes.
 To print an overhead transparency, click Overhead.
3. To set the page orientation for the slides, under Orientation, under Slides,
clicks Landscape or Portrait.
NOTE By default, PowerPoint slide layouts appear in landscape orientation.
Although you can use only one orientation (either landscape or portrait) in a
presentation, you can link two presentations to display both portrait and landscape
slides in what appears to be one presentation. For more information, see Use portrait
and landscape slide orientation in the same presentation.
TOP OF PAGE
Print the slides
1. Click the Microsoft Office Button , and then click Print.
 In the Print dialog box, under Print range, do one of the following:
 To print all slides, click All.
 To print the slide that is currently displayed, click Current slide.
 To print one or more slides that you selected, click Selection.
 To print specific slides numbers, click Slides, and then enter the slide numbers or
ranges in the adjoining box.
2. Under Copies, enter the number of copies that you want.
3. Under Print What, select Slides.

NOTES
 For information about printing handouts, see Create and print handouts.
 If you select Outline view, PowerPoint prints only the text of your slides (as it
appears in outline view) and none of the graphics or animation.
4. Under Color/Grayscale, click one of the following:
 Color If you print to a color printer, this option prints in color.
 Color (On Black and White Printer) If you print to a black-and-white printer,
this option prints in grayscale.
 Grayscale This option prints images that contain variations of gray tones
between black and white. Background fills are printed as white, so that the text
will be more legible. (Sometimes grayscale appears the same as Pure Black and
White.)
 Pure Black and White This option prints the handout with no gray fills.
5. To increase resolution, blend transparent graphics, and print soft shadows in your
print job, select the High quality check box.
TIP When you print in high quality, it may take longer for your presentation to
print. To prevent a possible decrease in your computer's performance, clear
the High quality check box after you finish printing.
6. To print your slides on the paper that you selected for your printer, select
the Scale to fit paper check box.
7. To print a thin border around your slides, select the Frame slides check box.
8. Click Print.
NOTES
 If you want to reset the print options and keep them as your default settings, do
the following:
1. Set the settings as you want them in the Print dialog box.
2. Click the Microsoft Office Button , click PowerPoint Options, and then
click Advanced.
3. Under When printing this document, click Use the most recently used print
settings.
 If you are creating transparencies for an overhead projector, see Set the slide size
and orientation for printing. PowerPoint automatically optimizes your slides for
either black and white or color printers.
SELF CHECK 4.4-1
Arrange the given steps in proper order.
1. Printing Document
Steps
1. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to
use (if it is not already selected) and select the number of copies to
print.
2. Click OK.
3. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into
the document. If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to
step 7.
4. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps
3, 4, 5, and 6, except you don't have to type text into a document
to print.
5. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or
get on the internet.
6. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate
the menu bar, click on file, then point to print.
7. Click on print.\

ANSWER KEY 4.4-1
Steps
1. Open a program that allows you to insert text into a document or get
on the internet.
2. If you were to open a program, you would need to type text into the
document. If you were to get on the internet, you could skip to step
7.
3. After you have typed text into the document, you need to locate the
menu bar, click on file, then point to print.
4. Click on print.\
5. When the print dialog box appears, select the printer you want to use
(if it is not already selected) and select the number of copies to print.
6. Click OK.
7. If you were to print a page or pages from the internet, follow steps 3,
4, 5, and 6, except you don't have to type text into a document to
print.
TASK SHEET 4.4-1
Title: Printing Document
going to print document based on the requirements.
Supplies/Materials : Bond paper,
Equipment : PC, Printer
Steps/Procedure:
1. Start your computer
2. Open your MS word activity
3. Print preview and make necessary adjustment
4. Print the document
5. Open your Excel activity
6. Print preview and make necessary adjustments
7. Print your spreadsheet
8. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method: Demonstration with questioning

CRITERIA Yes NO
Did the trainee:

Started the computer properly
Opened your MS word activity
Printed the document completely
Opened Excel worksheet
Printed the spreadsheet completely
Made necessary adjustment of the documents and

spreadsheet
LEARNING OUTCOME MAINTAIN COMPUTER EQUIPMENT AND

#5 SYSTEMS
CONTENTS:
 Security measures
 Anti-virus software/programs
 File Management
1. Systems for cleaning, minor maintenance and replacement of
consumables are implemented
2. Procedures for ensuring security of data, including regular back-
ups and virus checks are implemented in accordance with
standard operating procedures
3. Basic file maintenance procedures are implemented in line with
the standard operating procedures
CONDITION:
 Equipment:
- Learning manuals
- Work instruction
- Hand-outs
- Operating system
EVALUATION METHOD:
 Hands-on
Learning Outcome 5: Maintain computer equipment and systems

If you have some problem on the content of
1. Read Information Sheet the information sheets don’t hesitate to
3.5-1 Maintain Computer approach your facilitator.
System If you feel that you are now knowledgeable
you can now answer Self Check provided in
the module.
this self-check, you can now Perform task
Sheet 3.5-1. If not review the information
sheet and go over the self-check again.
3. Perform
checklist. If you got 100% correct answer
Task Sheet 3.5-1: in this task, you can now take the
Computer System competency evaluation. If not review the
Maintenance information sheet and go over the task
again.
MAINTAIN COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to

Maintain Computer System
How to perform Disk Clean Up:
1. Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Disk Clean Up
2. Select Drive to Clean Up and click “OK”
3. Place Check Marks in Items to be removed Click “OK”
(If your not sure what you are deleting select the category and then Click “View
Files”)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to Clear Internet “History”

1. Start Menu>>Settings>>Control Panel>>Dbl Click Internet Options
2. Click “Clear History”
3. Click “OK”
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to Clear Internet “Temporary Internet” Files
2. Click “Delete Files”
3. Put check mark in “Delete all Offline Content”
4. Click “OK”
5. Click “OK” again
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to Run Scan disk and Disk Defragmenter without interruption:
Start Menu>>Run >>In Run Type “MSCONFIG” then click “OK”

MSCONFIG will appear
Select “Selective Startup” then Uncheck
“Load Startup Group Items”
Click “OK”
Click Yes to Restart Computer
Upon Restart
Start Menu>>Settings>>Control Panel>>Dbl Click Display
Select the “Screen Saver” Tab
Change the Screen Saver Drop Menu to “NONE”
Click OK
Then Perform Scan Disk:
Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Scan Disk
After Scan Disk Perform Disk Defragmenter
Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Disk Defragmenter

Select which disk to Defragment then click “OK”
After Disk Defragmenter
Start Menu>>Run >>In Run Type “MSCONFIG” then click “OK”

MSCONFIG will appear>>select “Normal Start Up” and Click “OK”
Click Yes to Restart Computer
Upon Restart
Start Menu>>Settings>>Control Panel>>Dbl Click Display
Select the “Screen Saver” Tab>>Change the Screen Saver Drop Menu to your
preferred screen saver
Click OK
Removing viruses from infected machines
Computer Virus
 A virus is a destructive executable program that infects the other
programs in the system and spreads by replicating itself.
 Such a program is designed to damage the victim’s computer files.
 Viruses are coded by malicious programmers in a way that they can
spread in the system without one's permission and knowledge.
Different Aspects of Computer Virus
Finder- searches for the new uninfected files and the
Replicator- actually targets these files and infects it by

multiplying itself.
How Virus does Affects a System?
 It corrupts files
 It slows down the speed of the computer system
 It causes the system to hang frequently
 It deletes various files
Sources of Virus Infection
A virus can enter the system and infect it through various sources. Some of
the sources are
 Infected CDs, DVDs, pen drives, etc

 E-mail
 Browsing infected sites
 Downloading files from the internet
Steps to Remove Viruses
Removing viruses, though technical, is yet a very simple process if all the
required steps are properly followed.
The basic steps are:
 Buy or download an antivirus software

 Install the antivirus software
 Update antivirus software with the latest virus definitions
 Do a complete system scan
Methods of Eliminating Viruses
Removing the virus – When the virus can be easily identified and can be removed without
affecting other files, then the antivirus removes it from the host place.
Quarantine – This is done when the virus cannot be easily identified removed
from the file and the removal of virus means the removal of the complete file.
In this method, although the virus is not eliminated, it is rendered inactive by
moving the file into "quarantine" and renaming it.
Types of viruses and Examples
Boot viruses: These viruses infect floppy disk boot records or master boot
records in hard disks. They replace the boot record program (which is
responsible for loading the operating system in memory) copying it
elsewhere on the disk or overwriting it. Boot viruses load into memory if the
computer tries to read the disk while it is booting.
Examples: Form, Disk Killer, Michelangelo, and Stone virus
Program viruses: These infect executable program files, such as those with
extensions like .BIN, .COM, .EXE, .OVL, .DRV (driver) and .SYS (device
driver). These programs are loaded in memory during execution, taking the
virus with them. The virus becomes active in memory, making copies of
itself and infecting files on disk.
Examples: Sunday, Cascade
Multipartite viruses: A hybrid of Boot and Program viruses. They infect

program files and when the infected program is executed, these viruses
infect the boot record.
Examples: Invader, Flip, and Tequila
Stealth viruses: These viruses use certain techniques to avoid detection.

They may either redirect the disk head to read another sector instead of the
one in which they reside or they may alter the reading of the infected file’s
size shown in the directory listing. size given in the directory.
Examples: Frodo, Joshi, Whale
Polymorphic viruses: A virus that can encrypt its code in different ways so
that it appears differently in each infection. These viruses are more difficult
to detect.
Examples: Involuntary, Stimulate, Cascade, Phoenix, Evil, Proud, Virus 101
Macro Viruses: A macro virus is a new type of computer virus that infects
the macros within a document or template. When you open a word
processing or spreadsheet document, the macro virus is activated and it
infects the Normal template.
Examples: DMV, Nuclear, Word Concept.
Antivirus Software
Software designed to cure virus infected machines. An antivirus is a program

that searches for, identifies and removes potential viruses existing in the
computer system
Examples of Anti-virus software
 Symantec Norton antivirus

 AVG antivirus
 McAfee Scan
 Microsoft Antivirus
Back up your files
As our world becomes more digitized, the files we store on our computers are
becoming increasingly more important. Instead of keeping handwritten letters
in a shoebox, we correspond with family members using e-mail. If we use
digital cameras, we often keep our photo albums on our computers.
Unfortunately, computers (and particularly the hard disk drives that hold
your files) can fail. Your computer might run for a decade with no problems,
or it could fail tomorrow—there's no way to tell. To make sure you don't lose
important files if your computer stops working, you should back up your
computer on a regular basis. The backup process copies your files to a safe
place so that even if your computer fails, you won't lose them.
Choose backup storage
It doesn't make sense to back up your files to the hard disk drive inside your
computer, because if your computer were to fail, you would also lose your
backup. Instead, you should back up your files to an external hard disk drive
or removable disk drive, such as a CD. If your computer does fail, you can
then connect the external hard disk drive or use the CDs to restore your files
to your new or repaired computer. (This article describes how to back up your
files to an external hard disk drive, which is the easiest way to do a full backup
of all your files. If you decide to use CDs, you'll need to choose which files to
back up and then manually insert and remove CDs as they are filled.)
If you decide to get an external hard disk drive, choose one that is at least as
large as the hard disk drive inside your computer. For example, if your
computer has a 100-gigabyte (GB) hard disk drive, choose a 100-GB or larger
external hard disk drive. Then connect the external hard disk drive to your
computer. Make a note of the drive letter (such as E:, F:, or G:) assigned to
your new hard disk drive.
With an external hard disk drive, you can manually back up your files, or
you can schedule automatic weekly backups.
Manually back up your files
To back up your files to an external hard disk drive
1. Click Start, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then

click Backup. If the Backup option does not appear on the System
Tools menu, you can install it.
2. The Backup or Restore Wizard appears. Click Next.
3. On the Backup or Restore page, click Next.
4. On the What to Back Up page, click All information on this

computer, and then click Next.
5. On the Backup Type, Destination, and Name page, click Choose a

place to save your backup, and select your external hard disk drive.
Then click Next.
6. On the Completing the Backup or Restore Wizard page, click
Finish.
7. Windows Backup saves a copy of your files to your external hard disk
drive. When the backup is complete, click Close.
If your computer stops responding, you will be able to restore your files to the
state they were in when you completed the backup. However, any new files
you have created and any changes you have made to existing files since the
backup occurred will not be saved unless you back up your files again. For
best results, back up your files every week or immediately after creating
important files, such as after you copy pictures from your digital camera.
For an additional layer of protection, purchase a second external hard disk

drive and perform another backup of your hard disk drive. Store this external
hard disk drive in a different location, such as at a family member's house, to
protect your files from theft, fire, or natural disasters that might damage both
your computer and your backup.
Schedule backups
If you're busy, you might not have time to manually back up your files every
week. Fortunately, you can schedule backups to occur automatically. This
takes a few minutes to set up, but once you've done so, you'll be protected
indefinitely.
To schedule a weekly backup
1 Click Start, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click
. Backup. If the Backup option does not appear on the System Tools menu,
you can install it.
2 The Backup or Restore Wizard appears. Click Next.

.
3 On the Backup or Restore page, click Next.

.
4 On the What to Back Up page, click All information on this computer, and
. then click Next.
5 On the Backup Type, Destination, and Name page, click Choose a place to
. save your backup, and select your external hard disk drive. Then click Next.
6 On the Completing the Backup or Restore Wizard page, click Advanced.

.
7 On the Type of Backup page, click Next.
.
8 On the How to Back Up page, click Next.

.
9 On the Backup Options page, select Replace the existing backups. Then
. click Next.
1 On the When to Back Up page, click Later. In the Job name box, type
0 Backup. Then click Set Schedule.
.
1 On the Schedule tab in the Schedule Job dialog box, click the Schedule Task
1 list, and then click Weekly.
.
1 In the Start time box, specify a time of day when your computer will not be
2 used for several hours, such as 3:00 AM. In the Schedule Task Weekly area,
. select the day of the week you want to back up your files. If you are backing
up files overnight, remember to leave your computer running the night before.
3 Click the Settings tab. Select the Wake the computer to run this task check
. box.
4 Click OK.
.
5 In the Set Account Information dialog box, type your password in both the
. Password and Confirm password fields. Then click OK.
6 On the When to Back Up page, click Next.

.
7 In the Set Account Information dialog box, type your password in both the
. Password and Confirm password fields. Then click OK.
8 In the Account Information Warning dialog box, click OK.

.
9 On the Completing the Backup or Restore Wizard page, click Finish.

.
Your computer will automatically back up your files to your external hard
disk drive every week at the time you specified.
How to change an installed program

Note You cannot use this feature to modify all programs.
You can use this feature to change the installation of Windows Installer-based
programs such as Microsoft Office XP. Windows Installer-based programs
include a Maintenance Mode option. With this option, you can add or remove
features, change the installation state of the program or of individual
components, or repair and restore the installation.
To change a program, follow these steps:
1. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Add or Remove
Programs.
2. In the Currently installed programs box, click the program that you
want to remove, and then click Change or Change/Remove.
3. Follow the instructions that appear on the screen to make the changes
that you want.
How to remove an installed program

To remove a program that is installed on your computer, follow these steps:
1. Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Add or Remove
Programs.
2. In the Currently installed programs box, click the program that you
want to remove, and then click Remove.
3. If you are prompted to confirm the removal of the program, click Yes.
Troubleshooting
 Make sure that the program that you click in the Add or Remove
Programs tool is the program that you want to remove from your
computer. Some programs may not prompt you to confirm the removal
before the program is removed from the computer.
 You can only remove a program with the Add or Remove Programs tool
if the program is written for Windows. If you do not see the program
that you want to remove in the currently installed programs box, view
the program documentation for instructions about how to remove it.
Self-Check 3.5-1
Arrange the procedures to their proper order.
1. How to perform Disk Clean Up:
_____ Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Disk Clean Up
______ Place Check Marks in Items to be removed Click “OK”
______ Select Drive to Clean Up and click “OK”
2. How to Clear Internet “History”
______ Click “OK”
______ Click “Clear History”
______ Start Menu>>Settings>>Control Panel>>Dbl Click Internet Options
3. Perform Scan Disk:
_____ Scan Disk
_____ Start Menu
_____ Accessories
_____ Programs
_____ System Tools

Answer Key
1. How to perform Disk Clean Up:
1. Start Menu>>Programs>>Accessories>>System Tools>>Disk Clean

Up
2. Select Drive to Clean Up and click “OK”
3. Place Check Marks in Items to be removed Click “OK”
2. How to Clear Internet “History”
2. Click “Clear History”
3. Click “OK”
3. Perform Scan Disk:
1. Start Menu
2. Programs
3. Accessories
4. System Tools
5. Scan Disk
Task Sheet 3.5-1
Title : Computer System Maintenance

Performance Objective : Given a working personal computer you
are going external & internal parts, install/Update anti-virus,
scan computer for virus, remove unwanted files, run disk
defragmenter, scandisk, Back-up file using windows utility,
remove unnecessary software, Clear internet history &
temporary files.
Supplies, Tools & Equipment :

 Working PC
 Screw driver
 Anti-virus software
 Paint Brush
 Vacuum cleaner
 Printer
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Shut down computer
2. Be sure to unplug it from power source
3. Remove cables and other peripheral devices
4. Clean Inside and outside parts of the system
5. Connect cables and peripherals
6. Start the computer
7. Install/Update anti-virus program
8. Scan computer for viruses
9. Remove unnecessary programs
10. Clear Internet history and temporary files
11. Run disk cleanup
12. Run desk defragment tool
13. Perform scandisk
14. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist
Performance Criteria Checklist 3.5-1
CRITERIA Yes No
Did you…
Shut down computer
Unplug from power source
Removed cables and other peripheral device
Cleaned Inside and outside parts of the system
Re-connected cables and peripherals
Started the computer
Installed/Updated anti-virus program
Scanned computer for viruses
Removed unnecessary programs
Cleared Internet history and temporary files
Ran disk cleanup
Ran desk defragment tool
Performed scandisk
Followed safety procedures

Basic 6

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ABSTRACT

[Draw your reader in with an

USE RELEVANT EVENTS MANAGEMENT

Welcome to the Module “Use relevant technologies”. This module contains

The unit of competency “Use relevant technologies” contains the knowledge,

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

If you can demonstrate competence to your Trainer in a particular skill, talk

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in

QUALIFICATION EVENTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES NCIII

LO2. Input data into computer

LO3. Access information using computer

LO4. Produce output/data using computer systems

LO5. Maintain computer equipment and systems

Learning Outcome 1: Plan and prepare for tasks to be

Learning Activities Special Instructions

2. Answer the self check 3.1-1 Compare your answer to the

4. Answer the self check 3.1-2 Compare your answer to the

6. Answer the self check 3.1-3 Compare your answer to the

Computers have revolutionized all types of industries. They have

A computer is one of the most brilliant inventions of mankind. Thanks

Different types of Computers

Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as

Following are some of the other important types of computers.

Mainframe Computers: Large organizations use mainframes for highly

Microcomputers: A computer with a microprocessor and its central

Personal computers come in a variety of forms such as desktops, laptops and

Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare

Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs): It is a handheld computer and

Supercomputers: The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively

Direction: Select the best answer of the given choices.

1. These are almost extinct today.

Computer Parts and Storage Devices

Hard Disk Drives—Closet Space for Your Computer Creations

Today, a computer without a hard disk drive is practically unknown.

RAM: Short-Term Memory You Can Buy

Ink Jet Printers

Joysticks for the Future Racecar Driver or Pilot

Now Playing: A Movie on Your DVD Drive

CD and DVD Burner

The most common storage devices are:

 Removable Hard Drive

Storage Tape – This one is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic, capable

Miniature Mobile Storage Media – This is used mostly with handheld

Select the best answer of the given choices.

Learning Outcome 2: INPUT DATA INTO COMPUTER

Software is the means by which computer systems speak with computer

Software, by definition, is the collection of computer programs, procedures

Major Types of Software

Programming Software: This is one of the most commonly known and

System Software: It helps in running the computer hardware and the

Inventory Management Software: This type of software helps an

MATCHING TYPE: Match column A to column B

An operating system (OS) is software, consisting

Examples of popular modern operating systems are: BSD, Linux, Mac OS

____1. An operating system (OS) is software, consisting

Fgure 2. Dialog box for customizing Start menu

Figure 3. Sections in the Windows XP Start menu

Recently used programs

Organizing the “All Programs” menu

 Drag and drop

 The right-click “Send To” function