A Detailed Lesson Plan in Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (DRRR) (Grade 11-

STEM)

Prepared By: Francisse Claire H. Puertas

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the students’ population are able to:
 Define and identify the types of volcanoes and volcanic eruptions
 Describe the characteristics of the different kinds of lava flow
 Discriminate the different types of volcanic hazards

II. Content
 Volcano and Volcanic Hazards

III. Learning Resources

 Laptop
 Projector
 PowerPoint presentation
 Pictures and Videos

IV. Procedure
A. Learning Activities
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
BEFORE THE LESSON
“Good morning class…” “Good morning, Ma’am!”

“Please pick up pieces of papers (The students pick up the pieces of

under your chairs and keep your paper.)
unnecessary things under your
chairs.”

“Let us all pray first. Please lead the “Okay, Ma’am.”

prayer (name of student).”

“Let’s check the attendance. Please (The students raise their hand and
say present when your name is say present as the teacher calls in
called.” their names.)

B. Motivation
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

“Can anyone here know what is “Yes, Ma’am.”

a volcano? Can you describe one for
 me?”
(Lead students to the idea that a
volcano is a place where material
from the inside of the Earth is
escaping to the surface)

“The prime material involved is

molten (or melted) rock that comes “Yes, Ma’am. It is called lava.”
from the layer of the Earth known as
the mantle. Do you know
what magma is called once it reaches
the surface?”

“Very good! Do you think all “No, Ma’am. They are not the same.”
volcanoes are the same?”

“Correct! There are different types of

volcano with different causes, types
of eruptions, as well as different
shapes. Today we are going to learn
more about the parts of a volcano as
well as what makes them unique.”

“So class, what do you think is our “Volcano and volcanic hazards!”
lesson for today?”

C. Lesson Proper
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
DURING THE LESSON
Show pictures and video of a volcano in the (The students look at the
Philippines. pictures.)

“Do you know this volcano and where to find it “Yes, Ma’am.”
class?”

“What is it?” “Mayon Volcano in Albay,

Ma’am.”
“Very Good!”

Discussion

“Let’s proceed now to our main topic for today, (The students answer
the volcanic hazards. Who among you here the question.)
knows these hazards?”

“Excellent!”

“As what Ma’am Jundie and Fatima have

discussed last week, hazards can be found in
many forms and can be converted from one form
to another. Another types of hazard includes the
volcanic hazards.”

“So please read the following.” (Students read in

unison.)
Volcano: A mound of material that is extruded
to the Earth’s surface from a vent that is
connected to a magma chamber via a feeder
conduit.

“Can you all read the parts of a volcano?” “Yes, Ma’am.”

(Students read in
unison.)

“Now, I will show you a video about volcanoes.” (Students watch the
video.)

“Can you now site the different types of “Yes, Ma’am.”

volcanoes?”

“Okay (name of student), give one type of (Three students give the
volcano.” different types of
volcanoes.)
“That’s great!”

“Now let’s proceed to volcanic eruptions. Please (Let students read in

all read.” unison.)

Volcanic eruptions
• As magma rises, pressure decreases
• Gases begin to expand
• The force of expanding gases pushes
magma from the magma chamber
through the pipe until it flows or
explodes out of the vent
(Show video about volcano) (Students watch the
video)

“There are two types of eruptions. Please all (Let students read in
read.” unison.)

Quiet
• Low viscosity
• Create lavas
Explosive
• High viscosity
• Produces fragments called
tephra
 • Eruption breaks lava into
fragments: ash to bombs

“What do you think is the meaning of viscosity? (Students give their own
Anyone?” understanding of
viscosity.)

“The meaning of viscosity is. Please all read.” (Let students read in
unison.)
Viscosity – measure of a material’s resistance to
flow
Low Viscosity
• Moves fast (Less thick)
High Viscosity
• Moves slow (More thick)

“Volcanoes also have life cycles.”

• Active: Has, is or showing signs that it
will erupt
• Dormant: Show signs or predicted to
erupt
• Extinct: Unlikely to erupt again

“Do you understand now how the volcano “Yes, Ma’am!”

works?”

“Great! So now, let’s proceed to our next topic, (Let students read in
the Volcanic hazards. Please all read.” unison.)
TYPES OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS
• LAVA FLOW
• VOLCANIC GASES
• PYROCLASTIC FLOW
• TEPHRA FALL/ASH FALL
• LAHAR
• VOLCANIC AVALANCHES

“Now let’s proceed to the first volcanic hazard, (Let students read in
the Lava flow. Please all read.” unison.)

LAVA FLOW
• A product of the quiet effusion of molten
rock or magma from beneath a volcano
• Temperature ranges from 700-1200°C
• People and animals can usually escape
because of its extremely low speed
• Harmful to property and the
environment in many ways
• Damage limited to the vicinity in the
immediate area of the volcano.
• Fatalities rare due to slow speed of
 advancing lava flow.

(Show video about lava flow) (Students watch the

video)

“If there are types of volcano, so there are also (Let students read in
types of lava. Please all read.” unison.)

4 Types of Lava
• A’a
• Pahoehoe
• Pillow
• Blocky

“What is A’a lava? (Name of student) please (Student reads the

read.” meaning)
A’a-Lava
Pieces of the rocky, very rough surface are
broken, rolled and tumbled along as the lava
flow moves. When finally cooled to a solid, a’a
lava flows look like a jagged heap of loose
rock that is very difficult to walk over without
stumbling and getting cut.

“Thank you (Name of student). Now, the (Student reads the

Pahoehoe lava. (Name of student) please read.” meaning)
Pahoehoe Lava
Pahoehoe lava flows have a relatively smooth
surface texture because of their low eruption
rates.

“Thank you (Name of student). Now, the Pillow (Student reads the
lava. (Name of student) please read.” meaning)
Pillow Lava
 Pillow lava forms from underwater
eruptions
 “Pillow” lava is so-called because it
forms rounded lumps that look like fat
pillows, or the bolster cushions of a sofa.

“Thank you (Name of student). Now, the last (Student reads the
one, the blocky lava. (Name of student) please meaning)
read.”
Blocky Lava
• Cool stiff lava that does not travel far
from the erupting vent.
• It cools and form sharp edged chunks.

”Thank you all for your participation. So now, if

lava has different types, magma has also
different types. Please all read.” (Let students read in
Types of Magma unison.)
• BASALTIC
• ANDESITIC
• RHYOLITIC

“So, BASALTIC MAGMA is

 The fastest flowing lava because of its
relatively low viscosity
 Lava hardens more quickly than it flows
which makes sharp, spiny surfaces”
(Shows different picture of basaltic magma)

“Now, ANDESITIC MAGMA is

 Typically associated with strato
volcanoes and commonly form lava
domes
 Volume is small so they do not usually go
beyond the foot of the volcano, smooth-
sided fragments”
(Shows different picture of andesitic magma)

“Lastly, RHYOLITIC MAGMA is

 Relatively high viscosity that is why
these are a lot slower than andesitic &
basaltic
 Associated with violent eruptions
involving pyroclastic flows”

“I have here a table containing the types of

magma, viscosity, silica content, gas content,
explosiveness, type of volcano, and an example.
Please all read.” (Let students read in
unison.)

“Thank you. So now, let’s proceed to our second

volcanic hazard, the Volcanic gases. Please all
read.”
VOLCANIC GASES (Let students read in
• Sometimes gas release is concentrated unison.)
and toxic to vegetation and people
Gases that escape in the greatest abundance
from volcanoes are:
• water vapor
• carbon dioxide
 • hydrogen chloride
• nitrogen
• sulfur dioxide

“These gases are dangerous to our health and

the
High concentrations of carbon dioxide near a
volcano are hazardous because they cause
people and animals to suffocate.”

“So here is an example of an event causing

suffocation of almost 1700 people and all animal
life because of Carbon dioxide leaked out of the
Lake Nyos.”
(Shows pictures and video)

“Now let’s discuss about the third volcanic (Let students read in
hazard, the Pyroclastic flow. Please all read.” unison.)
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS
Are hot mixtures of fresh lava, gas, rock, pumice,
and ash that move down the sides of a volcanic
crater at high speeds during eruption.
Lahars are fast moving mudflows that can
inundate urban areas that are nearby the
eruption.
Among the most harmful volcanic hazards
Too hot and too fast.

“I have here samples of effects of Pyroclastic

flows.”
(Shows pictures of the Effects of Pyroclastic
Flows)

D. Generalization
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
“What are the volcanic hazards?”
“What are the types of volcanic
eruption? (Students answer the questions.)
“What are the types of lava flow?”
“What are the types of magma?”
“What are the effects of pyroclastic
flows?

E. Evaluation
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
AFTER THE LESSON
“So class, let’s have a short quiz. Get a (Students get paper and answer the
¼ sheet of paper and answer the following questions.)
following.”
 “Okay class, pass all your papers and “Okay, Ma’am!”
test questionnaires to your beadle.”

F. ASSIGNMENT
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

“For your assignment class, “Okay, Ma’am!”

differentiate tephra falls from
pyroclastic flow. Put it in a ¼ sheet
of paper. This will be for your next
lesson to be discussed next meeting.”

“Okay class, let’s all stand for our “Okay, Ma’am.”

closing prayer. Please lead the
prayer (name of student)”

“Good bye class.” “Good bye Ma’am. See you

tomorrow.”