El presente simple afirmativo se forma con el infinitivo del verbo sin "to".

En la 3ª persona del singular (he, she, it) se añade una -s final al verbo.

I play Yo juego

You play Tú juegas

He plays Él juega

She plays Ella juega

It plays Juega

We play Nosotros jugamos

You play Vosotros jugáis

They play Ellos juegan

Ejemplos

I work as a secretary Trabajo como secretaria

You call her every day La llamas todos los días

He finishes his job Termina su trabajo

 She goes home Se va a casa

It matters a lot Importa mucho

We study maths Estudiamos matemáticas

You use a dictionary Usáis un diccionario

They like ice creams Les gustan los helados

Formación de la 3ª persona

Como regla general, hemos dicho que la 3ª persona del singular en presente
simple lleva una -s final. Pero hay excepcionessegún el verbo termine en -y, -
o, -ch, -sh, -ss, -x.

1 Si el verbo acaba en -y precedida de una consonante, se cambia

la -y por -ies.

To cry She cries Ella llora

To study He studies Él estudia

To fly It flies Vuela

2 Si la terminación -y va precedida de una vocal, como hemos

visto antes como el verbo "to play", sólo se le añadirá una -s.
 He plays (él estudia).

3 Si el verbo acaba en -o precedida de una consonante, se añadirá -

es.

To do He does Él hace

To go She goes Ella va

4 Si el verbo acaba en -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, se añade -es.

To watch She watches Ella ve

To wash he washes Él lava

To pass She passes Ella aprueba

To fix He fixes Él arregla

Pronunciación

Al igual que en los sustantivos, la pronunciación del plural dependerá del sonido
final.

1 Si termina en alguno de los sonidos

sibilantes /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʧ/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/ la terminación -es se
pronunciará /ɪz/.

pass passes

close closes
 doze dozes

crash crashes

watch watches

judge judges

2 Si termina en consonante sorda de sonido no

sibilante /p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /θ/ la "s" se pronunciará como /s/.

hope hopes

cut cuts

work works

surf surfs

clothe clothes

3 Si termina en vocal o consonante sonora de sonido no

sibilante /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /ð/, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /r/, /l/, la "s" se pronunciará
como "s" sonora /Z/.

see sees

understand understands
 sing sings

drive drives

come comes

run runs

order orders

call calls

Ejercicios
1 Elige la opción correcta en la formación de la tercera persona del
singular de los siguientes verbos:

1 She ____ up very early.

wake

wakes

waks

2 He ____ Mary every Mondays.

finds
findes

find

3 John never ____ fresh meat.

buys

buy

buyes

4 He often ____ swimming on Tuesday.

go

gos

goes

5 My grandmother ____ to God for rain.

prays
praies

pray

6 The rumors ____ all over the city.

buzz

buzzs

buzzes
2 Elige la opción correcta en la pronunciación de la tercera persona del
singular de los siguientes verbos:

7 She buys vegetables in the market.

/z/

/ɪz/

/s/

8 Peter never washes this sweater in the washing machine.

/z/
/s/

/ɪz/

9 Her mother hugs them every morning.

/z/

/ɪz/

/s/

10 She wishes to study in Boston next year.

/z/

/ɪz/

/s/

11 My aunt owes you the tickets for the concert.

/s/

/z/
/ɪz/

12 The train stops quickly.

/ɪz/

/s/

/z/
The simple affirmative present is formed with the infinitive of the verb without "to".

In the 3rd person of the singular (he, she, it) a final -s is added to the verb.

I play Yo game

You play You play

He plays He plays

She plays She plays

It plays Play

We play We play

You play You play

They play They play

Examples

I work as a secretary I work as a secretary

You call her every day The flames every day

He finishes his job Finishes his job

She goes home She goes home

It matters a lot It matters a lot

We study maths We study mathematics

You use a dictionary You use a dictionary

They like ice creams They like ice cream

Training of the 3rd person

As a general rule, we have said that the 3rd person of the singular in the present simple carries
a final -s. But there are exceptions according to the verb end in -y, -o, -ch, -sh, -ss, -x.

1 If the verb ends in -and preceded by a consonant, the -y is changed to -ies.

To cry She cries She cries

To study He studies He studies

To fly It flies Fly

2 If the ending -and is preceded by a vowel, as we have seen before as the verb "to play", only
one -s will be added.

He plays (he studies).

3 If the verb ends in -or preceded by a consonant, -es is added.

To do He does He does

To go She goes She goes

4 If the verb ends in -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, -es is added.

To watch She watches She sees

To wash he washes He washed

To pass She passes She approves

To fix He fixes He fixes

Pronunciation

As in nouns, the pronunciation of the plural will depend on the final sound.

1 If it ends in any of the sibilant sounds / s /, / z /, / ʃ /, / ʧ /, / ʒ /, / ʤ / the ending -is

pronounced / ɪz /.

pass passes

close closes

doze dozes

crash crashes

watch watches

judge

2 If it ends in a non-sibilant soundless consonant / p /, / t /, / k /, / f /, / θ / the "s" will be

pronounced as / s /.

hope hopes
cut cuts

work works

surf surfs

clothe clothes

3 If it ends in a vowel or non-sibilant sound consonant / b /, / d /, / g /, / v /, / ð /, / m /, / n /, /

ŋ /, / r /, / l /, the "s" will be pronounced as "s" sound / Z /.

see sees

understand understands

sing sings

drive drives

you eat

run runs

order orders

call calls

Exercises

1 Choose the correct option in the third person singular formation of the following verbs:

1 She ____ up very early.

wake

wakes

waks

2 I have ____ Mary every Mondays.

finds

findes

find

3 John never ____ fresh meat.

buys

buy

buyes

4 I have often ____ swimming on Tuesday.

go

gos

goes

5 My grandmother ____ to God for rain.

prays

praies

pray

6 The rumors ____ all over the city.

buzz

buzzs

buzzes

2 Choose the correct option in the third-person pronunciation of the singular of the following
verbs:

7 She buys vegetables in the market.

/z/

/ ɪz /

/s/

8 Peter never was this this sweater in the washing machine.

/z/

/s/

/ ɪz /

9 Her mother hugs them every morning.

/z/

/ ɪz /

/s/

10 She wishes to study in Boston next year.

/z/

/ ɪz /

/s/

11 My aunt owes you the tickets for the concert.

/s/

/z/

/ ɪz /

12 The train stops quickly.

/ ɪz /

/s/

/z/