0-1 Sets

Use set notation to write the elements of each set. Then determine whether the statement about the set
is true or false .
1. J is the set of whole number multiples of 3 that are less than 15. 15  J
SOLUTION:  
The statement 15 ∈ J says that 15 is an element of J, meaning that 15 is part of the set of values included in J. J is
the set of whole number multiples of 3 that are less than 15 so J = {0, 3, 6, 9, 12}. This tells us that 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12
are the only values included in J. Therefore, 15 is not an element of J and the statement is false.

3. L is the set of the first six prime numbers. 9  L

SOLUTION:  
The statement 9 L  says that 9 is an element of L, meaning that 9 is part of the set of values included in L. L is the
set of the first six prime numbers so L = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13}. This tells us that 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13 are the only values
included in L. Therefore, 9 is not an element of L and the statement is false.

5. N is the set of natural numbers less than 12. 0  N

SOLUTION:  
The statement 0 ∈ N says that 0 is an element of N, meaning that 0 is part of the set of values included in N. N is
the set of natural numbers less than 12 so N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11}. This tells us that 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, and 11 are the only values included in N. Therefore, 0 is not an element of N and the statement is false.

7. A is the set of girls names that start with A. Ashley  A

SOLUTION:  
A = {all girls names starting with A}; Ashley is a member of this set, since Ashley is a girl’s name starting with A.
Therefore, the statement Ashley A is true.

For Exercises 9–16, use the following information.

Let U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}, A = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}, B = {2, 9, 10}, C = {0, 1, 6, 9, 11}, D
= {4, 5, 10}, E = {2, 3, 6}, and F = {2, 9}.
Determine whether each statement is true or false . Explain your reasoning.
9. 
SOLUTION:  
The statement 3 ∈ D says that 3 is an element of D, meaning that 3 is part of the set of values included in D. D =
{4, 5, 10} tells us that 4, 5, and 10 are the only values included in D. Therefore, 3 is not an element of D and the
statement is false.
 

11. 
SOLUTION:  
The statement B ⊂ A says that B is a subset of A, meaning that every element of set B is also contained in set A.
This means that 2, 9, and 10 have to be contained in set A in order for the statement to be true. A = {1, 2, 6, 9,
10, and 12}tells us that 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, and 12 are the only values included in A. Therefore, every element of set B
is also contained in set A and the statement is true.

13. 
SOLUTION:  
eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 1

The statement 5 D says that 5 is not an element of D, meaning that 5 is not part of the set of values included in
D. D = {4, 5, 10} tells us that 4, 5, and 10 are the only values included in D. Therefore, 5 is an element of D and the
 The statement B ⊂ A says that B is a subset of A, meaning that every element of set B is also contained in set A.
This means that 2, 9, and 10 have to be contained in set A in order for the statement to be true. A = {1, 2, 6, 9,
0-1 10,
Sets and 12}tells us that 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, and 12 are the only values included in A. Therefore, every element of set B
is also contained in set A and the statement is true.

13. 
SOLUTION:  
The statement 5 D says that 5 is not an element of D, meaning that 5 is not part of the set of values included in
D. D = {4, 5, 10} tells us that 4, 5, and 10 are the only values included in D. Therefore, 5 is an element of D and the
statement is false.

15. 
SOLUTION:  
The statement 0 ∈ F says that 0 is an element of F, meaning that 0 is part of the set of values included in F. F = {2,
9} tells us that 2 and 9 are the only values included in F. Therefore, 0 is not an element of F and the statement is
false.

For Exercises 17–24, use the following information.

Let U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}, A = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}, B = {2, 9, 10}, C = {0, 1, 6, 9, 11}, D
= {4, 5, 10}, E = {2, 3, 6}, and F = {2, 9}.
Find each of the following.
17. 
SOLUTION:  
means the complement of C. Identify the elements of U that are not in C. The elements of U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12} that are not in C = {0, 1, 6, 9, 11} are 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, and 12. 
 
C’ = {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12}.

19. 
SOLUTION:  
A’ means the complement of A. Identify the elements of U that are not in A. The elements of U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12} that are not in A = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12} are 0, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11. 
 
A’ = {0, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11}

21. 
SOLUTION:  
means the intersection of C and E. Identify the elements found in both C and E. The only element found in
both C = {0, 1, 6, 9, 11} and E = {2, 3, 6} is 6. 
 
 = 6

23. 
SOLUTION:  
means the union of A and B. Identify the elements that belong to A, B, or to both sets. The elements that
belong to A = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}, to B = {2, 9, 10}, or to both, are 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, and 12. 
 
 = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}

Use the Venn diagram to find each of the following.

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 2

 SOLUTION:  
means the union of A and B. Identify the elements that belong to A, B, or to both sets. The elements that
belong to A = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}, to B = {2, 9, 10}, or to both, are 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, and 12. 
0-1  Sets
 = {1, 2, 6, 9, 10, 12}

Use the Venn diagram to find each of the following.

25. 
SOLUTION:  
means the union of A and B. Identify the elements that belong to A, B, or to both sets in the Venn diagram.
The numbers found in circle A, in circle B, or in both are 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, and 10. 
 
 = {1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10}

27. 
SOLUTION:  
means the union of C and D. Identify the elements that belong to C, D, or to both sets in the Venn diagram.
The numbers found in circle C, in circle D, or in both are 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 14, and 15. 
 
= {1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15}

29. 
SOLUTION:  
means the intersection of A, B, and D. Identify the elements found in both A, B, and D in the Venn
diagram. The only number found in circle A, in circle B, and in circle D is 6. 
 
 = {6}

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 3