I.

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A. America
1. Arizona
 Capital punishment has been a feature of the Arizona criminal justice system since
1865, when Dolores Moore became the first recorded execution in the federal
territory that is now the state of Arizona. 108 executions were carried out in
Arizona before the national moratorium on executions was imposed by the US
Supreme Court in 1972. Executions were generally carried out by method of
hanging until 1934, when the first execution by gas chamber was carried out in
Arizona. Lethal injection became Arizona’s primary method of execution on
November 15th of 1992, however those sentenced to death before that date may
still elect lethal gas as their method of execution.
 Death Penalty: Yes
 Number of Executions Since 1976: 37
 Number of Executions Before 1976 (may include federal and military
executions): 104
 Current Death Row Population: 121
 Women on Death Row: 3
 Number of Innocent People Freed from Death Row: 9
 Number of Clemencies Granted: 0
 Date of Reinstatement (following Furman v. Georgia): August 8, 1973
 First Execution After Reinstatement: 1992
 Location of Death Row/Executions: Arizona State Prison Complex, Florence
(Women: Perryville)
 Capital: Phoenix
 Region: West
 Population: 6,392,017
 Murder Rate (per 100,000 population): 5.9
 Is Life Without Parole an Option?: Yes
 Can a defendant get death for a felony in which s/he was not responsible for the
murder?: Yes
 Method of Execution: Injection / Choice of Gas Chamber if sentenced before 11/92
 How is Sentence Determined?: Jury
 Clemency Process: Governor has authority to grant clemency with nonbinding
advice of Board of Pardons and Paroles
 Governor: Doug Ducey
2. Florida
 Prior to 1923, executions in Florida were carried out by the county, rather than the
state. Florida changed execution methods from hanging to electrocution, when it
placed executions under state control.
 Death Penalty: Yes
  Number of Executions Since 1976: 99
 Number of Executions Before 1976 (may include federal and military
executions): 314
 Current Death Row Population: 354
 Women on Death Row: 3
 Number of Innocent People Freed From Death Row: 29
 Number of Clemencies Granted: 6
 Date of Reinstatement (following Furman v. Georgia): December 8, 1972
 First Execution After Reinstatement: 1979
 Location of Death Row/Executions: Florida State Prison, Raiford
 Capital: Tallahassee
 Region: South
 Population: 18,801,310
 Murder Rate (per 100,000 population): 5
 Is Life Without Parole an Option: Yes
 Can a defendant get death for a felony in which s/he was not responsible for the
murder?: Yes
 Method of Execution: Choice of Injection or Electrocution
 How is Sentence Determined?: Jury
 Clemency Process: Governor has the authority to grant clemency on the advice of
the Board of Executive Clemency
 Governor: Ron DeSantis
3. Georgia
 Georgia has employed capital punishment since colonial times, with executions
recorded at least as early as 1735. Crimes punishable by capital punishment in
Georgia have historically included murder, robbery, rape, horse stealing, and aiding
a runaway slave. Up until the 1920s executions were generally carried out by
hanging, although the condemned were sometimes executed by firing squad and at
least two were burned at the stake. The first Georgia execution to utilize the
electric chair was carried out in 1924. Electrocution quickly supplanted hanging as
the state’s primary execution method, although hanging was still used
intermittently until 1931. Electrocution remained the primary method of execution
until October 5th, 2001 when the Georgia Supreme Court declared the practice
unconstitutional as cruel and unusual punishment, after which Georgia converted
to using lethal injection. Before 1976, Georgia carried out 950 executions, the
fourth-highest number of any state.
 Death Penalty: Yes
 Number of Executions Since 1976: 74
 Number of Executions Before 1976 (may include federal and military
executions): 950
 Current Death Row Population: 56
  Women on Death Row: 0
 Number of Innocent People Freed From Death Row: 6
 Number of Clemencies Granted: 9
 Date of Reinstatement (following Furman v. Georgia): March 28, 1973
 Location of Death Row/Executions: Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison,
Jackson
 Capital: Atlanta
 Population: 9,687,654
 Murder Rate (per 100,000 population): 6.7
 Is Life Without Parole an Option?: Yes
 Can a defendant get death for a felony in which s/he was not responsible for the
murder?: No
 Method of Execution: Injection
 How is Sentence Determined?: Jury
 Clemency Process: State Board of Pardons has exclusive authority to grant
clemency
 Governor: Brian Kemp

B. Asia
1. China
Lethal injection and shooting are the only methods authorized by China's Criminal
Procedure Law of 1996. Shooting executions were discontinued in 2010 per a People's
Supreme Court ruling of February 2009 which held that lethal injection is a more
humane form of execution than shooting. Lethal injection (using a mixture of
barbiturates, muscle relaxant, and potassium chloride) was legalized in 1996 and has
been used since the late 1990s. In June 2009, the Chinese government announced that
it was a long-term objective to replace the firing squad with lethal injection. It is carried
out in prisons or in mobile “death vans,” where prisoners are reportedly strapped to an
electric-powered stretcher and injected with lethal drugs. The use of these vans has
been decreasing since the late 2000s due to the expense of maintaining the vans.
2. Iran
 Hanging.
 Hanging is the most common method of execution. Hangings are often public despite a
2008 judicial moratorium on public executions. In 2012, there were 60 confirmed public
executions. Under certain circumstances the condemned are flogged prior to being
hanged, and at least one individual has been shot by a firing squad and then hanged.
 Shooting was last used in 2008, and is not commonly used.
 There are reports that stoning was used as a method of execution in 2012 despite a
2002 and 2008 judicial moratorium on stoning. In November 2012, the website “Melli-
Mazhabi” reported that four women were stoned to death in Iran, although the Tehran
Forensic Medicine Department rejected those claims. Melli-Mazhabi’s report has since
 been cited by notable non-governmental organizations. In August 2010, Iran Human
Rights reported that seven stoning executions had been carried out over the past four
years, and that 14 or more sentences of death by stoning (for 11 women and three men)
were pending. In 2010, a highly publicized sentence of death by stoning was altered
under international pressure. In 2009, a woman was reportedly sentenced to stoning
but was ultimately hanged.
 Individuals sentenced to stoning are placed in a stoning pit, buried to the neck (women)
or waist (men) and others hurl stones at them until they escape the stoning pit, are
incapacitated, or are dead. In 2007, a condemned man “was still alive after stoning but
his ear and nose had been smashed and slashed. When a forensic medicine specialist
confirmed that he was still alive, Mr… [sic] smashed his head with a large concrete block
and killed him.” Because men (unlike women) are only buried to the waist, men
infrequently but occasionally do escape the stoning pit, which terminates the penalty.
 The amended Islamic Penal Code, adopted in 2013, is silent as to the use of stoning as
punishment for adultery. However, the Code does provide for punishment prescribed by
shariah law, which includes stoning. Article 225 of the Penal Code mentions stoning as a
possible punishment without mandating when it can or should be used. The Code also
notes that if a court and the head of the judiciary rule that it is “not possible” in a
particular case to carry out stoning, the person may be executed by another method.
 In February 2013, the spokesman for the Iranian Parliament’s Justice Commission,
Mohammad Ali Esfenani, told reporters that although stoning was removed from the
Penal Code it still exists under shariah which is enforceable under the Penal Code.
 Falling From a Height. This method of execution was last used in 2008. Judges
sometimes sentence an individual to be thrown from a cliff or other height.
 The intent to subject the condemned to inhuman treatment is a factor in choosing a
method of execution, and at times additional punishment—such as flogging prior to
execution—is specifically prescribed by statute as an element of the execution. [28] The
intent to subject the condemned to degrading treatment is also a factor in choosing a
method of execution, including public executions, executions in which the community
participates in killing victims (adultery), televised executions, and indignity to the
condemned’s body after execution.
