CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE:

Congestive Heart Failure

Ma. Christina B. Guiwa
BSND 4-1D
 Cardiovascular System
• Also called ‘Circulatory System’
• Body system consisting of blood,
blood vessels, and the heart.
• Network supplies tissues in the body
with oxygen and other nutrients.
• Transports hormones
• Removes unnecessary waste
products.
 Congestive Heart Failure

• Occurs when heart muscle doesn’t

pump blood as well as it should to
meet the needs of the body.
• Certain conditions will gradually
leave the heart too weak or stiff to
fill and pump efficiently.
 Congestive Heart Failure
(Pathophysiology)
KIDNEYS
Clogged Arteries
Coronary Artery Narrowed Arteries Renin
Disease Hypertension
Angiotensin

🔻 Stroke Volume Aldosterone

cause Na+ and H2O retention
🔻 Cardiac Output
Volume Overload
 Congestive Heart Failure
(Pathophysiology)
• When the heart cannot pump and circulate blood
normally, the kidneys receive less blood and are
unable to filter fluids out of the circulatory system
and into the urine.
• The extra fluid in the circulatory system builds up in
the lungs, the liver, around the eyes, and in the
arms, legs, ankles and feet.
 Congestive Heart Failure
(Medications)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.
Type of vasodilator, a drug that widens blood
vessels to lower blood pressure, improve blood
flow and decrease the workload on the heart.
Beta blockers. Class of drugs not only slows heart
rate and reduces blood pressure but also limits or
reverses some of the damage in the heart.
 Congestive Heart Failure
(Medications)
Diuretics. Water pills, diuretics make patient urinate
more frequently and keep fluid from collecting in your
body. Decrease fluid in lungs so the patient can breathe
more easily.
Diuretics make the body lose potassium and
magnesium. (Doctor will likely monitor levels of
potassium and magnesium in the blood through regular
blood tests.)
 Congestive Heart Failure
(Preventions)
• Not smoking
• Controlling certain conditions,
such as high blood pressure and
diabetes.
• Staying physically active
• Eating healthy foods
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Reducing and managing stress