Criminology and Penology

Semester VII and IX

By: - Manoj Kumar

Unit I: Introduction of Criminology

 Definition, Nature, Scope and Importance of Criminology

 Relation with other social sciences
 The concept of crime (Sin, tort and crime) and characteristic of criminal law
 Whether criminology is a science?
 criminology and public policy

Unit II: Schools of Criminology

 Pre classical school (Demonology)

 Classical school (Ideas of Bentham and Beccaria)
 Neo-classical School
 Positivist school
Morphological theories – Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri,
Raffaele Garofalo.

Unit III: Identification of the causes of crime – theories

 Mental disorder and criminality

 Sociological Theories (Sellin, Differential Association Theory – EH Sutherland )
 Psychopathic approach
 Biological approach

Unit IV: Factor Responsible for Causation of Crime,

 Environment, home and community influences,

 Urban and rural crimes
 The ghetto, broken homes, effect of TV, Video, Press, Narcotics and Alcohol
 Wars and Communal riots-their causes and demoralizing effects,

Unit V: Introduction to penal system

 Theory of punishments
 Modes of punishment
 Capital punishment
Unit VI : Police and Prison system

A: Police

 Role and function of police

 National Police Commission (recommendations)
 Malimath committee report

B: Prison system

 History of Prisons
 Aims, objectives and conditions of prison
 Types of prisons
 Prison work, Education, Prison reform (schools and reformations)
 Rights of prisoners (contribution of the Supreme Court)

Unit VI I : Re-socialization Process

 Probation and Parole

 Definitions, Nature of probation and parole,
 Duties of Probation Officers,
 Difference between Parole and Probation,
 Authority for granting Parole,
 Supervisor of Parole
 Problems of the released offender,
 Attitude of the community towards released offender

Suggested Readings:

1. Harry Elmer Barnes and Negley K. Teeters, New Horizons in Criminology (3rd ed., 1959)

2. George B. Vold, Thomas J. Bernard, Jeffrey B. Snipes, Theoretical Criminology (5th ed. 2002)

3. Ahmad Siddique, Criminology Problems & Perspective (5th ed., 2007)

4. N.V. Paranjape, Criminology and Penology (13th ed., 2008)

5. S. S. Srivastava, Criminology and Criminal Administration (3rd ed., 2007)

6. J.P.S. Sirohi, Criminology and Penology (6th ed., 2007)

7. Mike Maguire, Rod Morgan and Robert Reiner, The Oxford Handbook of Criminology (5th
ed, 2012)

8. S. S. Srivastava, Criminology, Penology & Victimology (4th ed., 2012)

9. E.H.Sutherland, Principles of Criminology, Times of India Press, Bombay (6th ed., 1968).

10. Williams Katherine S, Criminology, Oxford University Press (2004).

11. Reid Sue Titus, Crime and Criminology, Mc Graw Hill Publishers (2006).

12. Brien, Martin O, Criminology, Routledge Publishers (2008).

13. Justice Malimath Committee on Criminal Justice Reforms, Universal Law Publication
(2003).

14. K. Padmanabhaiah Committee on Police Reforms, 2001.

15. Aparrna Srivastava, Policing in the 21st Century, Indian Institute of Police Administration
(1999).