Activity in Kinematics

Part I.
Distance (in) Time (s) Velocity (in/s)
80 3.29 24.31610942
95.5 4.38 21.88449848

A toy car slows down from 24.32 in/s to 21.88 in/s. What is the
acceleration of the toy car? in m/s?
Given:
𝑣0 = 24.31610942 in/s
𝑣𝑓 = 21.88449848 in/s
𝑡1 = 3.29 s
𝑡2 = 4.38 s
Required:
a.) a
Solutions:
a.)
∆𝑣
𝑎=
∆𝑡
𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣0
=
𝑡2 − 𝑡1
in in
21.88449848 s − 24.31610942 s
=
4.38 s − 3.29 s
𝑖𝑛
−2.43161094 𝑠
=
1.09 𝑠
𝑖𝑛
𝑎 = -2.230835725 𝑖𝑛/𝑠 2 ~ -2.23
𝑠2
 b.) Acceleration in m/s
Given that there are 0.0254 m in 1 inch, convert -2.230835725 𝑖𝑛/𝑠 2 to
m/s
𝑖𝑛 0.0254 𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
-2.230835725
𝑠 2 ˟ 1 𝑖𝑛
= -0.05666322741
𝑠2
~ -0.0567
𝑠2

Part II.
A girl drops a ball to the ground as she travelled 39 inches at a time 0.41
seconds. The height of the ball prior to the ground is 40 inches. How
long is the ball in the air? How far does the ball travel horizontally?
Given:
1.)
Description Distance (in) Time (s) Velocity (in/s)
Velocity before 39 0.41 95.12195122
it was dropped

Description Distance (in) Time (s) Velocity (i

Initial Velocity 39 0.41 95.121951

(Horizontal
Component)
Vertical 40 0.41
Components

2.) h = 40 in
We measured the height of the ball and the runner makes sure that the
height of the ball from the ground will be constant as she run at a
constant velocity of 59.58 in/s straight. Anyway, the average constant
velocity of the runner does not affect the mechanics of the ball; only the
instantaneous velocity which is the initial velocity of the ball in
horizontal dimension or the velocity before she drops the ball acted upon
by the acceleration due to gravity. Keeping the height of the ball
constant, makes sure that the ball will just be projected horizontally
before it will hit the ground.

Solutions:
a.) 𝑣𝑓 = 𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣0
𝑡 =
𝑔

Note:
 𝑣0 has a zero value since it is under the vertical component
of our horizontally projected ball and the value is
independent from the mechanics of the horizontal
components.
 Convert first the 0 in/s to m/s and the result is obviously 0 as
well in m/s. Also, convert 40 in to m.
𝑖𝑛 0.0254 𝑚
40 ˟ = 1.016 m
1 1 𝑖𝑛
 𝑣𝑓 has a negative value since our ball is moving downward.
 Find first the 𝑣𝑓 so we can solve for the time.
(−𝑣𝑓 )2 - (𝑣𝑜 )2 = 2gh
(−𝑣𝑓 )2 = (𝑣𝑜 )2 + 2gh
(−𝑣𝑓 )2 (𝑣𝑜 )2 + 2gh
=
−1 −1
 2 (𝑣𝑜 )2 + 2gh
(𝑣𝑓 ) =
−1
𝑚
(0 𝑚/𝑠)2 + 2(−9.80665 2 )(1.016 m)
𝑠
=
−1
(0 𝑚2 /𝑠2 ) + (−19.9271128 𝑚2 /𝑠2 )
=
−1
−19.9271128 𝑚2 /𝑠2
=
−1
= 19.9271128 𝑚2 /𝑠 2
(𝑣𝑓 )2 = 19.9271128 𝑚2 /𝑠 2

𝑣𝑓 = √19.9271128 𝑚2 /𝑠 2
𝑣𝑓 = 4.46397948 m/s
Now, solve for the time the ball was in the air.
−𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣0
𝑡 =
𝑎
𝑚 𝑚
−4.46397948 𝑠 − 0 𝑠
= 𝑚
−9.80665 2
𝑠
𝑚
−4.46397948 𝑠
= 𝑚
−9.80665 2
𝑠

= 0.455199225 s ~ 0.46 s

b.) How far does the ball travel horizontally?

Note:
 This is from the point where the lady dropped the ball to the
point where the ball hit the ground.
 In this case, we will just be using the horizontal components
only.
 Convert first the given initial velocity of the ball =
95.12195122 in/s to m/s.
 𝑖𝑛 0.0254 𝑚 𝑚
95.12195122 ˟ = 2.416097561
𝑠 1 𝑖𝑛 𝑠
 There is no acceleration in the horizontal component. So, use
a = 0 m/𝑠 2 .

1
∆𝑥 = 𝑣0 t + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1 𝑚
∆𝑥 = 𝑣0 t + (0 )𝑡 2
2 𝑠2

∆𝑥 = 𝑣0 t
𝑚
= (2.416097561 )( 0.455199225 s)
𝑠

= 1.099805737 m ~ 1.1 m
Theoretical Value:

Given:
a = -2.230835725 𝑖𝑛/𝑠 2
𝑣0 = 24.31610942 in/s
𝑣𝑓 = 21.88449848 in/s

Required:
a. t
b. d

a.) time taken by the accelerated (decelerated) toy car

(𝑣𝑓 − 𝑣0 )
t=
𝑎
𝑖𝑛 in
(21.88449848 𝑠 − 24.31610942 s )
=
−2.230835725 𝑖𝑛/𝑠2
−2.43161094 𝑖𝑛/𝑠
=
−2.230835725 𝑖𝑛/𝑠2
 = 1.09 s

Comparison:
total time taken by the car ‘til the end - time at constant velocity
4.38 s – 3.29 s = 1.09 s
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
c.) How far does the ball travel horizontally?
Note:
 This is from the point where the lady dropped the ball to the
point where the ball hit the ground.
 In this case, we will just be using the horizontal components
only.
 Convert first the given initial velocity of the ball =
95.12195122 in/s to m/s.
𝑖𝑛 0.0254 𝑚 𝑚
95.12195122 ˟ = 2.416097561
𝑠 1 𝑖𝑛 𝑠
 There is no acceleration in the horizontal component. So, use
a = 0 m/𝑠 2 .

b.) How far does the ball travel horizontally?

Note:
 This is from the point where the lady
dropped the ball to the point where the
ball hit the ground.
 In this case, we will just be using the
horizontal components only.
  Convert first the given initial velocity of
the ball = 95.12195122 in/s to m/s.
𝑖𝑛 0.0254 𝑚 𝑚
95.12195122 ˟ = 2.416097561
𝑠 1 𝑖𝑛 𝑠
 Thereis no acceleration in the horizontal
component. So, use a = 0 m/𝑠 2 .