GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KALAHANDI, BHAWANIPATNA

AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION OF ALTERNATOR USED IN

UKAI PP

GUIDED BY:- SUBMITTED BY:-

ASST.PROF SUSHIL KUMAR BHOI SANGRAM SINGH
1601110122
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

This is not possible to prepare a project report without the encouragement of other people.
I am grateful to electrical department for providing an opportunities to express and explore
my knowledge about automatic voltage regulator of alternator used in ukai pp. My sincere
and heartful obligation towards all person who guided me in to finish the work. Although
the method of automatic voltage regulator of alternator is being used since many years then
also it has many loops and controlling the voltage deflection automatically for high power
thermal plants is still also a problem in many power plants. In my research about ukai pp I
got know about limitations being faced by AVR method.
CONTENT
 ABSTRACT
1
 INTRODUCTION
2
 AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION OF ALTERNATOR
3
 WORKING PRINCPLE

 APPLICTIONS OF AVR
ABSTRACT:

Ukai thermal power plant is located on the Tapi because of the the water resources, along
with the hydroelectric power plant with the same name. With installed capacity of 850mw.It
is the one of the Gujarat’s major coal-fired power plants. Ukai TPS Unit -1 is the first power
plant unit in India with a capacity more than 100 mw. It is divided into 4 units with power
generation of 2*120 mw, 2*200 mw, 1*210 mw resp. Automatic voltage regulator determine
the strength of dc amp applied to the main field exciter windings. It also determine different
parameters of the system such as terminal voltages, load condition, reactive power etc.
INTRODUCTION

Ukai thermal power plant is located on the Tapi because of the water resources, along
with the hydroelectric power plant with the same name. With installed capacity of
850mw.It is the one of the Gujarat’s major coal-fired power plants. Ukai TPS Unit -
1 is the first power plant unit in India with a capacity more than 100 mw. It is divided
into 4 units with power generation of 2*120 mw, 2*200 mw, and 1*210 mw resp. It
consumed about 3,200,000 tonnes of coal in 2006-07. Around 80 percent of the
domestic coal supplies in India are meant for coal based thermal power plants and
coal transportation forms 42 percent of the total freight earnings of Indian railways.
It comes under the Gujarat state electricity corporation limited (gsecl). Its installed
capacity is 5541 mw. The per capita energy consumption of power in the state of
Gujarat in 2016-17 was 1916 kWh. Automatic voltage regulator determine the
strength of dc amp applied to the main field exciter windings. It also determine
different parameters of the system such as terminal voltages, load condition, reactive
power etc. It also divide the reactive load between the alternators operating in
parallel. It increases the excitation of the system under fault conditions so that the
maximum synchronizing power exists at the time of clearance of the fault.
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION OF ATERNATOR:-

The automatic voltage regulator is used to regulate the voltage. It takes the fluctuate voltage
and changes them into a constant voltage. The fluctuation in the voltage mainly occurs due
to the variation in load on the supply system. The variation in voltage damages the equipment
of the power system. The variation in the voltage can be controlled by installing the voltage
control equipment at several places likes near the transformers, generator, feeders, etc., the
voltage regulator is provided in more than one point in the power system for controlling the
voltage variations. In DC supply system the voltage can be controlled by using over
compound generators in case of feeders of equal length, but in the case of feeders of different
lengths the voltage at the end of each feeder is kept constant using feeder booster. In AC
system the voltage can be controlled by using the various methods likes booster transformers,
induction regulators, shunt condensers, etc.
WORKING PRINCPLE:-

It works on the principle of detection of voltage fluctuation. The output voltage of an AC

generator obtained through a potential transformer and then it is rectified, filtered and
compared with the constant or main source. The difference between the actual voltage and
the main voltage is known as the error voltage. This error voltage is amplified by an amplifier
and then supplied to the main exciter or pilot exciter. Thus, the amplified error signals
control the excitation of the main or pilot exciter through a buck or a boost action (i.e.
controls the fluctuation of the voltage). Exciter output control leads to the controls of the
main alternator terminal voltage.
Application of the Automatic Voltage Regulator

The main functions of an AVR are as follows.

 It controls the voltage of the system and maintain the operation of the machine nearer
to the steady state.
 It divides the reactive load between the alternators operating in parallel.
 The automatic voltage regulators reduce the overvoltage which occur because of the
sudden change of load on the system.
 It increases the excitation of the system under fault conditions so that the maximum
synchronizing power exists after the clearance of the fault.
 It also regulate the reactive power, load current and increases the efficiency