Histo For The Last Minute Review

BRAINS/Medboards/Histology
Ma. Cristina Elma-Zulueta, M.D.

College of Medicine
UERMMMC
1
PROTOPLASM
CYTOPLASM
NUCLEOPLASM/KARYOPLASM
COMPARTMENTS
CYTOPLASM
NUCLEUS/KARYON
2
NUCLEUS
Nuclear envelope/membrane
Nucleoplasm/Nuclear sap
Nucleolus
Chromatin
3
CYTOPLASM
ORGANELLES
CYTOSKELETON
INCLUSIONS
4
ORGANELLES
MEMBRANOUS
NON-MEMBRANOUS
5
MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES
Cell/Plasma membrane or
Plasmalemma
Mitochondria
Golgi complex/apparatus
Lysosome
6
MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES
Endoplasmic reticulum
RER
SER
Peroxisome
Proteasome
7
NON-MEMBRANOUS
Ribosome
Polyribosome
Centriole (centrosome)
8
9
EPITHELIUM
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
MUSCULAR
NERVOUS
10
COVERING/LINING
MEMBRANES
GLANDULAR
11
Covering
Glandular
12
According to # of layers
According to cell type
According to apical/free surface

modification/specialization
13
Simple
Pseudostratified
Stratified
14
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Transitional
15
Simple squamous Stratified cuboidal

Simple cuboidal Stratified columnar
Simple columnar Stratified columnar, ciliated
Simple columnar, ciliated Transitional
Pseudostratified columnar
Stratified squamous,
keratinized Pseudostratified columnar
ciliated
Stratified squamous, non-
keratinized
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Cilia
Microvilli
Stereocilia
27
28
29
30
31
GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
According to # of cells:
Unicellular
Multicellular
32
According to gland-cell
participation:
Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocrine
33
According to nature of secretion:
Mucous
Serous
Mixed/Mucoserous
34
According to morphology:
Duct
Simple
Compound
Secretory unit
Tubular
Acinar/Alveolar
35
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CELLS
FIXED
FREE
EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX
FIBERS
GROUND SUBSTANCE
ADHESION PROTEINS
36
37
38
39
40
41
CELLS
FIXED
Mesenchymal
Fibroblast
Adipocyte
Macrophages
42
CELLS
FREE
Mononuclear phagocyte system
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Plasma cell
Mast cell
43
FIBERS
COLLAGEN
ELASTIC
RETICULAR
44
CLASSIFICATION:
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE
TISSUE
SPECIALIZED CONNECTIVE
TISSUE
45
CONNECTIVE SPECIAL
TISSUE PROPER ADIPOSE

LOOSE MUCOID
MESENCHYMAL
DENSE
ELASTIC
REGULAR
RETICULAR
IRREGULAR
46
47
48
SUPPORTIVE
CARTILAGE
HYALINE
ELASTIC
FIBROUS
49
50
SUPPORTIVE
BONE
HISTOLOGIC:
Primary/Immature/Woven
Secondary/Mature/Lamellar
GROSS:
Compact/Cortical
Cancellous/Spongy/Medullary
51
52
53
Interstitial
Appositional
54
Intramembranous
Endochondral
55
SPECIAL
MYELOID
LYMPHOID
56
MYELOID ERYTHROCYTE
LEUKOCYTE PLATELET
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
57
58
59
60
61
LYMPHOID
PRIMARY(CENTRAL)
THYMUS
SECONDARY(PERIPHERAL)
ENCAPSULATED
NON-ENCAPSULATED
62
ENCAPSULATED
LYMPH NODE
SPLEEN
63
NON-ENCAPSULATED
LYMPHOID NODULE/FOLLICLE
Tonsil (palatine, pharyngeal, lingual)
DIFFUSE LYMPHOID TISSUE
LOOSE
DENSE
64
65
66
67
68
69
MUSCULAR
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
70
71
NERVOUS
NEURON
NEUROGLIA
72
NEURON- parts:
Perikaryon/cell body
Processes
Dendrite
Axon
73
NEURON- polarity:
Unipolar
Pseudounipolar
Bipolar
Multipolar
74
NERVE FIBER
MYELINATED
Schwann cell
Oligodendrocyte
UNMYELINATED
75
PERIPHERAL NERVE-
organization:
Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
76
NEUROGLIA
MACROGLIA
ASTROCYTE
Fibrous
Protoplasmic
OLIGODENDROCYTE/SCHWANN
MICROGLIA
EPENDYMA
77
78
79
80
81
FUNCTIONS:
Barrier
Waterproof coat
Protection
Regulation of body temperature
Excretion
Sensory organ
Vitamin D synthesis
82
LAYERS:
EPIDERMIS (stratified squamous
epithelium, keratinized)
DERMIS (connective tissue proper)
83
EPIDERMIS
Stratum germinativum/basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
84
DERMIS
PAPILLARY LAYER (loose
connective tissue)
RETICULAR LAYER (dense
irregular connective tissue)
85
CELLS
Keratinocyte
Langerhans
Merkel
Melanocyte
86
APPENDAGES
Hair
Glands
Sweat
Sebaceous
Nail
87
88
89
90
91
92
The most numerous leukocytes are the:

A. Lymphocytes C. Neutrophils
B. Monocytes D. eosinophils
93
The major component of the ground substance

found in the adult connective tissue with
generalized properties is:
A. Tropocollagen C. hyaluronic acid
B. Chondroitin sulfate D. sialic acid
94
A Haversian System or osteon consist of:

A. osteocytes, concentric lamellae & haversian
canals
B. Haversian canals and interstitial lamellae
C. Osteocytes, outer & inner circumferential

lamellae
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
95
Since the liver is metabolically very active, which

cytoplasmic organelle would be expected in large
numbers?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosomes
C. RER
D. mitochondria
96
The energy necessary for many cell activities

comes from the hydrolysis of adenosine
triphosphate or ATP which is produced in the
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Secondary Lysosomes
C. RER
D. mitochondria
97
The lining epithelium of the proximal convoluted

tubule:
A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Simple cuboidal epithelium and brush border
C. Simple columnar epithelium
D. Pseudostratied columnar epithelium
98
Hair bulbs and secretory portion as sweat glands

are found in:
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum basale
C. Stratum spinosum
D. Dermis
99
When monocytes leave the circulation they

become:
A. Fibroblast
B. Lymphoid wandering cells
C. Macrophages
D. Fat cells
100
The growth of cartilage resulting from mitosis of

pre-existing chondrocytes is called ______
growth.
A. Interstitial
B. Appositional
C. Endochondral
D. Intramembranous
101
Fibroblast synthesize the following EXCEPT:

A. Ground substance C. hyaline
B. Collagen D. elastic fibers
102
The skin performs the following functions

EXCEPT:
A. Protection from mechanical injury
B. Regulation of body temperature
C. Synthesis of hormones
D. Synthesis of vitamin D
103
The epidermis consist of the following layers

EXCEPT:
A. Stratum corneum C. stratum reticulare
B. Stratum granulosum D. stratum spinosum
104
Which of the following cells secretes histamine &

heparin?
A. Macrophage C. mast cell
B. Plasma cell D. fibroblast
105
Choose the CORRECT organ : epithelium pair:

A.pleura : simple squamous
B. larynx: transitional
C. skin : stratified squamous, wet type
D. urinary bladder: stratified cuboidal
106
This is the site of fusion of outer leaflets of the

plasma membrane. It is a tight junction
preventing luminal materials from leaving the
lumen:
A. Macula adherens C. Zonula adherens
B. Zonula occludens D. Gap junction
107
Which of the following may be considered parent

cells of red blood corpuscles?
A. granulocytes C. Megakaryocytes
B. Erythroblasts D. Moboblasts
108
The duct of Santorini opens into the duodenum so

that its lining epithelium is:
A. Simple squamous C. Stratified squamous
B. Simple columnar D. Stratified columnar
109
110

Histo For The Last Minute Review

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BRAINS/Medboards/Histology

Ma. Cristina Elma-Zulueta, M.D.

According to cell type

According to apical/free surface

Simple squamous Stratified cuboidal

TISSUE PROPER ADIPOSE

The most numerous leukocytes are the:

The major component of the ground substance

A Haversian System or osteon consist of:

C. Osteocytes, outer & inner circumferential

Since the liver is metabolically very active, which

The energy necessary for many cell activities

The lining epithelium of the proximal convoluted

B. Simple cuboidal epithelium and brush border

C. Simple columnar epithelium

D. Pseudostratied columnar epithelium

Hair bulbs and secretory portion as sweat glands

When monocytes leave the circulation they

B. Lymphoid wandering cells

The growth of cartilage resulting from mitosis of

Fibroblast synthesize the following EXCEPT:

B. Collagen D. elastic fibers

The skin performs the following functions

B. Regulation of body temperature

The epidermis consist of the following layers

Which of the following cells secretes histamine &

Choose the CORRECT organ : epithelium pair:

This is the site of fusion of outer leaflets of the

Which of the following may be considered parent

The duct of Santorini opens into the duodenum so

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