The Kalo Fertilizer Company makes a fertilizer using two chemicals that provide nitrogen, phosphate, and

potassium. A pound of ingredient 1 contributes 10 ounces of nitrogen and 6 ounces of phosphate, while
a pound of ingredient 2 contributed 2 ounces of nitrogen, ounces of phosphate, and 1 ounce of
potassium. Ingredient 1 costs $3 per pound, and ingredient 2 costs $5 per pound. The company wants
to know how many pounds of each chemical ingredient to put into a bag of fertilizer to meet the
minimum requirements of 20 ounces of nitrogen, 36 ounces of phosphate, and 2 ounces of potassium
while minimizing cost.

1. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem.

2. Solve this model by using graphical analysis

Formulate linear programming model:

Max or Min: z = f(x)
Decision variables X₁ = chemical amount 1
Decision variable X₂ = chemical amount 2

Step 1: Objective function

3X₁ = cost of ingredient 1
5X₂ = cost of ingredient 2
Z = total cost

Min Z =3x₁ + 5x₂

Subject to constraints:
10x₁ + 2x₂ ≥20
6x₁ + 6x₂ ≥ 36
X ₂≥ 2

Non-negative constraints:
X₁, X₂ ≥ 0

Objective function:
Min. Z = 3x₁ + 5x₂

Step 2: We must assume that all constraints are used as an equation:

10x₁ + 2x₂ ≥20

6x₁ + 6x₂ ≥36

x₂ ≥ 2

x. coordinated points are: (0,10), (2,0)

y. coordinated points: (0,6), (6,0)
z. coordinated points: (2,0)
Step 3: Iso Profit line

Plot the graph

10 A

6 E

5 C

2 H D G

1 (X) (Y) (Z)

O B F

1.2 2.4 3.6 4.8 6

0.6 1.8 3 4.2 5.4

Point C intersection (1,5)

Point G intersection (4,2)

Objective scores:

Step 4:

Point X coordinate (X₁) Y coordinate (X₂) Value of objective

function (Z)
O 0 0 0
A 0 10 50
B 2 0 6
C 1 5 28
D 1.6 2 14.8
E 0 6 30
F 6 0 18
G 4 2 22
H 0 2 10
Minimum score= Min Z = 22 at intersection point G (4,2); therefore, the optimum solution is 22.

The required ingredients for nitrogen are 4 ounces and it requires 2 ounces of phosphate