Flexible Pavement (Bituminous Road)

Compacted Soil Subgrade

It is the first layer of pavement, the thickness would be mentioned by designer. This layer is made with
ordinary soil with fully compaction.

Sub base Course (Granular Sub base)

The work consists of layer and compacting well graded material on prepared subgrade in accordance
with the requirement. Materials used for this layer are sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed slags etc.
Size of aggregate varies from 75mm to 0.075mm. CBR at 98% dry density at IS:2720-Part 8

Ref: Page no 109 of MORT&H (Ministry of road transport and highway)

Base Course

1. Water Bound Macadam (WBM)

The work shall consist of clear crushed aggregates mechanically interlocked by rolling and bonding
together with screening, binding material where necessary and water laid on a properly prepared
subgrade. Materials used for the layer are broken stone, crushed slag, overburnt (jhama) brick,
kankar, laterites etc. The thickness would be decided by the designer.

Ref: Page no. 121 of MORT&H

2. Wet Mix Macadam (WMM)

The work shall be consisting of locking and compacting clean, crushed, graded aggregates and
granular materials, premixed with water to a dense mass on a prepared sub grade base or existing
pavements as the case may be in accordance with the requirement. The thickness of the layer may
vary from 75mm to 200mm.

Ref: Page No 131 of MORT&H

Bituminous Macadam

The work shall consist of construction in a single course having 50mm to 100mm thickness or in multiple
course of compacted crushed aggregate premixed with a bituminous binder in a previously prepared
base to the requirement. Since the bituminous macadam is open graded mix, there is a potential that it
may trap water or moisture vapor within the pavement system. Therefore, adjacent layer (Shoulder)
should have proper drainage quality.

Ref: Page no 170 of MORT&H

Dance Bituminous Macadam (DBM)

The work shall consist of construction in a single or multiple layer of DBM in a previously prepared base
on subbase. The thickness of a single layer shall be 50mm to 100mm. Aggregates used for 75mm to
100mm layer should be 45mm down and for 50 to 75mm layer 37.5mm down.

Ref: Page no 174 of MORT&H

Bituminous Concrete

The work shall consist of construction of bituminous concrete, for use in wearing and profile corrective
course. This work shall consist of construction in single layer of bituminous concrete on a previously
prepared bituminous bond surface. A single layer shall be 30mm/40mm or 50mm. For 50mm layer
maximum size of aggregate should be below 19mm or for 30/40mm layer the maximum size of
aggregate should be 13.2mm.

Ref: Page no 188 of MORT&H

Close-graded premix surfacing / Mixed seal surfacing

This work shall consist of the preparation laying and compacting of a close-graded premix surfacing
material of 20mm thick composed of graded aggregate premix with bituminous binder on a previously
prepared surface. This can be used as a wearing course.

Ref: Page no 192 of MORT&H

Prime Coat

The work shall consist of the application of a single coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to a
porous granular surface preparatory to the superimposition of bituminous mix. The work shall be carried
out on a previously prepared granular surface. The primer should be bitumen emulsion SS1 grade
confirming IS8887 or medium curing cutback bitumen confirming to IS 217. The application should be
0.7-1 KG/sqm over WMM/WBM and 0.9-1.2KG/sqm over stabilized soil base/ Crush run macadam.

Ref: Page no 166 of MORT&H

Tack Coat

The work shall consist of the application of a single coat of low viscosity liquid bituminous material to
the existing bituminous, cement concrete or primed granular surface preparatory to the
superimposition of a bitumen mix. The binder used for tack coat shall be either cationic bitumen
emulsion (RS1) complying with IS 8887 or low viscosity paving bitumen of VG10 grade as per IS 73.

Ref: Page no 168 of MORT&H

Filler

Filler shall consist of finely divided mineral such as rock dust, hydrated lime or cement approved by
designer. The material should be from 0.6mm to 0.75mm.

Ref: Page no 175 of MORT&H

Seal Coat

The work shall consist of application of a seal coat for sealing the voids in bituminous surface laid to the
specified levels, grade and cross fall. It is of two types. Coarse aggregate should be passed through 11.2
mm sieve and retained on 2.36mm sieve and fine aggregate should passed through 2.36mm and
retained on 180 micron sieve.

A) Liquid seal coat comprising of an application of a layer of bituminous binder followed by a cover
of a stone chips. Aggregate used should passed through 11.2 mm sieve and retained on 2.36mm
sieve.
B) Premixed seal coat comprising of a thin application of a fine aggregate premix with bituminous
binder.

Ref: Page no 205 of MORT&H