Senior High School Department

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2: QUANTITATIVE

WRITTEN WORK #2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE MATRIX

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Title of Proposed Study

Leader:

Members:
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Date of Submission:
Instructor’s Name and Signature: Mr. Earl Vincent M. Roque

RUBRIC
4 3 2 1
Criteria weight Score

Subject matter/content of chosen

literatures
Topic and content of chosen x2
literatures are directly relevant to the
proposed study.
Quality of Information presented
Details lifted from the chosen x3
literature are appropriate, accurate,
factual, and consistent.

Organization
Good organization; points are x3
logically ordered; Closely adheres to
the standard conventions.

Mechanics
x1
No errors
 Citation Style Senior High School Department
x1
Correct use of APA citation style

Research Journal Article #1:

Suyono, R. Shapawi, and N. Narto, (2019) "Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) Culture in Mangrove Area
Potentially Impacted by Heavy Metal," ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences, 24(2),
pp. 99-104 https://doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.24.2.99-104
Topic/Thesis Statement Green Mussels (Perna viridis L.) Culture in Mangrove Area Potentially
Impacted by Heavy Metal
Objectives/Research  to investigate the types of different collectors and their most
Questions effective height of installation in the green mussels cultivation
(Perna viridis L.) impacted by heavy metal pollution in
mangrove and non-mangrove waters
 
to determine the content of heavy metals, especially
Senior High SchoolPb, Cu,
Department
Cd, and Hg in green mussels cultivation.
Methodology Participants/Sampling Procedure
Perna viridis in mangrove and non mangrove waters and the
researchers who conduct this study.
Data Gathering Procedure
Green mussels cultivation was done by floating box technique in coastal waters
with a water depth of 125-150 cm. Cultivation construction was designed with the type
of mussels collector material made from coconut fiber, palm fiber, and nets sacks
installed at the height of the collector's installation 20 cm, 30 cm, and 40 cm from the
mangrove and non-mangrove bottom.
Data Analysis Procedure
The relationship of the growth of green mussels with the type and
height of mussels collectors from the bottom of the waters and the
presence of mangroves was analyzed by Analysis of Variance using
SPSS software (Siregar, 2013).
Summary/ Highlights of the The results showed that the growth of green mussels after 6
Findings/Recommendations months period of maintenance reached 7-9 cm long, weighing 10-13
for further studies grams per head and yielded 23-30 heads per collector. The most
effective mussel collector was net sacks installed at a height of 30 cm
from the bottom of the water. The number of mussels per collector
was more in mangrove location compared to those in the non-
mangrove location, while their growth in length and weight were
relatively the same.
The content of Cd, Cu, and Hg in sediments tends to be high.
Heavy metal content both in mangrove and non-mangrove areas was
not different as a result of mangrove reforestation dominated by
seedlings and saplings with little influence on the quality of the water
ecologically and economically.

Accomplished by: QUILANTANG, James Christian B.

Research Journal Article #2:

Bakri, R., Budiawan, B., Dani. I. C., Handayani, S., Putih, G. S., Rahma, F. (2018). Study of heavy
metals depuration (nickel and chromium) in green mussel (Perna viridis) from Kamal Estuary. AIP
Conference Proceedings. 2023(1), https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5064062

Topic/Thesis Statement Study of heavy metals depuration (nickel and chromium) in green
mussel (Perna viridis) from Kamal Estuary
Objectives/Research  depurating Nickel and Chromium in Perna viridis from Kamal
Questions Estuary, North Jakarta
 determining the possible protein content in the nickel and
chromium of Perna viridis
 determining the heavy metals in Perna veridis
Methodology Participants/Sampling Procedure
 Perna viridis that is from the Kamal Estuary, North
Senior High Jakarta
School and
Department
the researchers who conduct the experiment
Data Gathering Procedure
Determining heavy metals: The green shells were previously rinsed with clean
water and stored temporarily in the cooler box, were then separated between the shell
and the meat. The green shell meat was then dried in an oven at temperature of 105 °C
to a constant weight. The wet destruction process was then performed, by adding 10
mL concentrated HNO3 (65 %) and 2 mL concentrated H2SO4 (97 %) into a beaker
glass containing shellfish. It was then heated in an electric bath
until the solution evaporates and the color of the solution becomes clear. The
temperature used for the destruction was 60-70 °C for about 3 hours. After the solution
was clear, the filtrate was allowed to cool and fed into a 25 mL flask and added with 1 N
HNO3 to the measurement flask. Furthermore, this solution is ready to be measured for
its absorbency using SSA tools for Ni and Cr metals.
For depuration: Green shells that have been rinsed with clean water and
separated from the control group were then soaked with acetic acid solution and water
at different temperatures.
Determining protein content: The protein content of green shellfish was tested by
using the Kjeldahl method. Protein level test was done twice before the clam meat
undergoes the process of depuration and afterwards. This process was done by
subtilizing the samples of the clam meat test and putting it in a kjeldahl flask and added a
mixture of Selenium
Data Analysis Procedure
The green shells were obtained from the green shellfish area
located in the middle of the coast of Muara Karang. Green shellfish
intake aims to represent the metal content in the group of green shells
in the sampling region. Green shells that have been taken,
submerged in seawater, was subsequently rinsed with clean water
and then treated partially and stored temporarily in plastic container
that has been labeled and then inserted into the cooler box containing
dry ice at temperature 4 °C.
Summary/ Highlights of the The concentrations of Ni and Cr in Perna viridis from Kamal
Findings/Recommendations Estuary were determined as control. The depuration was conducted
for further studies with acetic acid in various concentrations 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%, and
water temperature variations of 60°C, 80°C, and 100°C. Both acetic
acid and water depuration treatments were obtained at 1, 2, and 4
hours immersion, with and without stirring. In the control groups, Ni
metal content is obtained as much as 2.113 mg/kg and for Cr is 3.426
mg/kg. The greatest decrease in metal content was obtained by the
immersion treatment of 10% acetic acid for 4 hour with stirring, which
are 0.085 mg/kg for Ni and 1.492 mg/kg for Cr after treatment. Protein
content was also determined before and after depuration by Kjeldahl
method to investigate the possibility of damage and loss of amino
acids. Protein content before depuration is 20.544% and for treatment
after depuration with the greatest decrease in metal content is
20.475%.

Accomplished by: QUILANTANG, James Christian B.