NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

RUBBER
Hevea brasiliensis
NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

MORPHOLOGY OF RUBBER
• Scientific name: Hevea brasiliensis
• Family : Euphorbiaceae
• Originated : South America
• Dicotyledonous tree
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS
• Rainfall: 250 cm/year
• Optimum temperature: 20 – 34 ºC
• Soil: well-drained weathered soil consisting of laterite, lateritic
types, sedimentary types, non-lateritic red or alluvial soils.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

CLONES OF RUBBER
• Class I: RRIM 901, RRIM 908, RRIM 911, RRIM 921,
RRIM 928, RRIM 929, RRIM 936, RRIM 938, PB 260,
PB 280, PB 350, PB 355, PB366 and PB359.
• Class IIA: RRIM 2001, RRIM 2002, RRIM 2004,
RRIM 2005, RRIM 2007, RRIM 2009,RRIM 2015,
RRIM 2016 and 2019
• Class IIB: RRIM 2008, RRIM 2014, RRIM 2020,
RRIM 2023, RRIM 2024, RRIM 2025, RRIM 2026,
RRIM 2027, RRIM 2028 and RRIM 2033.
NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

PROPAGATION
METHODS

SEEDS BUDDING
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Seeds propagation
• Choose a healthy, shine and light in colour seeds.
• Must be picked up daily and send directly to
nursery for germination.
• Sowing on beds and shaded.
• Seeds cover with gunnies
• Germination starts 6 – 7 days after sowing
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Budding
• Replacement of the shoot system of a plant with
that of another more desirable plant
• Types of budding for rubber tree:
Brown budding
Green budding
Young budding
Crown budding
Over budding
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Preparation of stock seedling

1. Cleaning of basal bud.
2. Make two vertical cut above collar (1.5 –
2 cm apart).
3. Lower in of the cuts are curved in, may
be done in opposite direction.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Preparation of stock seedling

Upward marking Downward marking

of budding panel
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Preparation of bud patch

• Budwood/budstick – test peeled before
harvesting
• Method: Cutting from bud stick, remove the strip
of wood by bending it and peeling off from the
bark
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Method 1

Bud patch (bark) with wood Removal of wood from the bark
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Insertion of bud patch

1. Flap is peeled off starting from bottom.
2. This opening is called the budding panel.
3. Bud patch is trimmed to fit the budding
panel.
4. The flap is pulled down to cover the bud
patch.
5. Bandage with polythene strip starting
from bottom.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Insertion of bud patch

 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Insertion of bud patch

Insertion of bud patch After bandaging with polythene

 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Brown budding
• Grafting brown coloured buds, taken from
budwood nursery of about 1 year old onto
stock plants of 10 months or more.
• Stock: 7.5 cm girth.
• Carried out using budding knife.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Green budding
• Stock plant: 5 – 6 months old.
• Budwood/budstick: 8 – 10 weeks old.
• Green budwood obtained from budwood
plant (source bushes) in nursery.
• Method of grafting is similar to brown
budding.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Green budding
1. Carried out when the rootstock is about 5 to 6 months old
and budwood is 8 – 10 weeks old.
2. Make a vertical cut to the rootstock about 1 – 1.5 cm apart
and horizontal cut about 5 cm and peel the bark.
3. Prepare and peel the budwood of the same size as the
rootstock cut.
4. Insert the budpatch into the rootstock and bandage with
polyfilm.
5. Union of tissue will takes 3 – 4 weeks and transplanting to
field is carried out after 4 – 6 months.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Green budding

Tongue after cutting the flap

 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Advantages of green budding over

brown budding
• Utilizes the growth of the stock more
efficiently.
• Green budding is simpler & faster then
brown budding.
• Giving higher percentage of success.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Young Budding
1. Carried out on very young plants less
than two months old.
2. Stock raised in small polybag of lay flat
(33cm x 15cm).
3. Steps almost the same as green budding.
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Young Budding
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

NURSERY TECHNIQUES
• Objectives:
Prepare a good and healthy material for
planting
Having high survival rate of seedlings
Reduce cost of field operation
Fasten the tapping process
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

TYPES OF NURSERY
Seedling nursery
Budwood nursery
Polybags nursery
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

BUDWOOD NURSERY
 NAJ/FPA/AGR232 CHAPTER 9: PROPAGATION OF PLANTATION CROPS RUBBER

Polybag nursery