Chapter II.

Review of Related Literatures and Studies

The Digital Integrated Circuit Tester implemented as in this paper is capable of testing 14 pin

Integrated Circuits (ICs) of 7400 series. An Integrated Circuit tester (IC tester) is used to test

Integrated Circuits (ICs). We can easily test any digital IC using this kind of an IC tester. For

testing an IC, we need to use different hardware circuits for different ICs; like we need a

particular kind of tester for testing a logic gate which involves more complexity and time

involved. The chip tester verifies the functionality and timing of a variety of 7400 series

integrated circuits. The IC to be tested should be placed on the ZIF socket and the

Microcontroller prompts the user to enter the IC number of the chip to be tested. After entering it

the microcontroller will check the IC as per the truth table of the IC which is stored in its ROM.

It will check each and every pin of the IC and produce the Output detail. Like Gate 1 is good,

Gate is Bad, Counter 1 is Good etc. Unlike other IC testers, this one is more reliable and easier to

operate since we do not need to rig up different kind of circuits for different kind of ICs, each

time we need to test them. Unlike the IC testers available in the market today which are usually

expensive, this IC tester is affordable and user friendly.

 Fig. 2 DIGITAL I.C TESTER

In Fig. 2 which is the Digital IC Tester illustrates what this tester can do. It can test more than

300+ ICs, Tests wide range of Digital IC's such as 74 Series, 40/45 Series. 24 pin DIP ZIF

sockets. Auto Search facility for listed IC's. 16 keys and 16 x 1 line LCD display.

As you can see on the right side the IC tester 74series and 40CMOS logic gate tester

Package List:1 x New IC Tester 74 40 45 Series lC Logic Gate Tester Digital Meter. Simple to

use, test logic can also determine which integrates logic gate is bad or good. By putting the

integrated Circuit (I.C ) on the ZIP Socket. You can buy this for only $36.32 or 1707.04 Php.
 Fig.3 GizDuino+mini ATMEGA644

Gizduino is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega8L, ATmega88, ATmega168,

ATmega328, ATmega164, ATmega324, ATmega644, and ATmega1281. And we chose

ATmega644 because the ATmega644 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the

AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the

ATmega644 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designed

to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

The standard gizDuino which uses ATmega168 and ATmega328 has 20 digital I/Os 6 of them are

ADCs and 8 PWM that still can be used as digital I/O. It is an open source computing platform

based on simple input/output board and the use of standard programming language. Gizduino is

programmed using the IDE (Integrated Development Environment). It is ideal for beginner

programmers and hobbyist because it is very easy to use wherein it is a multi-platform

environment that can run on Windows, MAC OS, and Linux. It is programmable via USB cable

to make it more accessible and allows communicating with the computer.

GizDuino+ series are ArduinoTM IDE compatible and Sanguino inspired boards that features

more I/O -1 2 additional I/Os, over the standard gizDuino* we are already accustomed with.

Using a more feature rich picoPowerAVR chip ATMEGA644P/324P/1 64P, you are now afforded

with an additional hardware UART port (Serial1), and one more SPI channel, all of which are

configurable as general purpose digital I/O. *gizDuino is a hardware platform compatible with

Arduino.

Fig.5 ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket 24 pins

A ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket is the physical way that Intel's 486 and Pentium

microprocessors up to Pentium II connect on the computer motherboard to the data bus. As its

name implies, the ZIF socket is designed for ease of manufacture and so that the average

computer owner will be able to upgrade the microprocessor. The ZIF socket contains a lever that

opens and closes, securing the microprocessor in place. Zero insertion force (ZIF) is a type of

IC socket or electrical connector that requires very little force for insertion. With a ZIF socket,
before the IC is inserted, a lever or slider on the side of the socket is moved, pushing all the

sprung contacts apart so that the IC can be inserted with very little force - generally the weight of

the IC itself is sufficient and no external downward force is required. The lever is then moved

back, allowing the contacts to close and grip the pins of the IC. ZIF sockets are much more

expensive than standard IC sockets and also tend to take up a larger board area due to the space

taken up by the lever mechanism. Therefore they are only used when there is a good reason to do

so.

Fig. 6 A Survey about knowing an IC TESTER

Fig. 6 illustrates that there are many had an experienced difficulty by testing the IC’s without any

I.C Tester. They are not aware that there is an easy way to test their IC without any difficulty and
for that reason, they are just disposing those IC that they thought are defective without any

testing.

Fig.7 graph who dispose the defective IC

In Fig.7 is determine what does people did when the IC is not working at all. They would rather

choose to dispose it or keep it than to test it and check if it is good or defective already. Because

they knew how hard to test an IC without any Tester.

REFERENCES:

• https://drive.google.com/folderview?

id=0BxdLxDCD6HidTjJRZVZEejJzenM&usp=sharing

• http://www.atmel.com/images/doc2593.pdf