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HOME NEWS POLITICS MEDIA LAW & POLICY OTHERS BHARATIYA BHASHA AUDIO-VIDEO
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Sh. Koenraad Elst (°Leuven 1959) distinguished himself early on as eager to learn and to dissent. After a
few hippie years, he studied at the KU Leuven, obtaining MA degrees in Sinology, Indology and Philosophy.
After a research stay at Benares Hindu University, he did original eldwork for a doctorate on Hindu
nationalism, which he obtained magna cum laude in 1998. As an independent researcher, he earned laurels
and ostracism with his ndings on hot items like Islam, multiculturalism and the secular state, the roots of
Indo-European, the Ayodhya temple/mosque dispute and Mahatma Gandhi’s legacy. Elst, known for his
support for the ‘Out of India’ theory related to Indo-Aryan migration, became identi ed with Hindutva
politics during the 1990s, following his support for the Bharatiya Janata Party’s position on the Ram
Janmabhoomi temple in Ayodhya. We speak to him on various issues, here is the audio interview :
Below is the summarized English transcript of the interview, his key points are mentioned in bullets :
–Namaskar sir, we welcome you to Bharat. Thank you for speaking to Hindupost. You are visiting us after
demonetization has happened here. There’s a lot of news in the media, how do you perceive this move by the
government?
Sh. Elst –
–Sir, on your blog, one of the latest articles is ‘ Modi Government as an exponent of BJP secularism‘. In that,
you have mentioned that ‘ the so called Hindu extremist party ( as labelled by media) has no Hindu agenda
‘. So, how do you think that the BJP today has moved on from Jan Sangh, how is it different from Jan Sangh?
Sh. Elst –
Jan Sangh was originally supposed to be a Hindu party . It was supposed to represent Hindu
voice in politics which Hindus didn’t have anymore after the Hindu Mahasabha was discredited
for Mahatma Gandhi murder by one of its members.
You had Shyama Prasad Mukherji who was a leader then without a party.
But then, very quickly, the ‘Hindu’ essence was de-emphasized and replaced by ‘India’. The
terminology was about ‘India’ rather than about Hindu Dharma. ‘ Bhartiya‘ Jan Sangh, ‘ Rashtriya‘
Swayamsevak Sangh….
I have written dozens of times that ‘Nationalism’ is a mis-statement of Hindu concerns. But
back then, at least they were knowing what they were doing, and the word ‘India’ was used an an
agreed substitute for the word ‘Hindu’. But later the RSS, BJP started to take this lettering more
seriously. For example, they started to say -“the word ‘Hindu’ doesn’t mean anything other than
‘Indian’, so Hindu doesn’t have any religious content, doesn’t make any religious difference from
Christians & Muslims.”
Now they say – “Christians are in fact Christie Hindus and Muslims are Mohammadi Hindus.”
I don’t think anything is gained by this play with de nitions. Hindu has a meaning distinct from
‘Indian’ and vice-versa. So when you mean Hindu, its better to say Hindu.
The shift from Jan Sangh to BJP was an important moment when the Hindu element was
de-emphasized. But even within the history of BJP, there has been evolution.
The goal of Hindu Rashtra was very much present in the Hindu movement of different starts, in
the fifties and sixties. It is no longer there at all.
Of course, western watchers of Indian Politics keep on saying ‘ BJP are Hindu fanatics’ and the
voice of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1924 is still attributed to BJP today. This is complete
nonsense.
There are 2 contradictory opinions about BJP today . One is ‘ They are Hindu Fanatics who are
strategically going for their fanatical Hindu goals’. The other opinion is ‘BJP are time servers who
just play the religious card’.
Recent developments have made very clear which of the two they are.
– Sir, do you think there is no real Hindu voice in the political spectrum today?
Sh. Elst –
– Sir, don’t you think the entire narrative of any issue to begin with, what we used to call the center has
shifted to the left? Like, earlier the mainstream media used to call the cow protecting Hindus as extortionists
etc, today, the narrative has moved from there to ‘What is wrong in eating beef’. So, don’t you think that
every issue related to Hindu ethos, the narrative that used to begin from the center, now begins from left
itself?..
Sh. Elst –
Right, apart from any learned criticism of the terms ‘Left’ & ‘Right’, its really a foreign
imposition, but assuming the terms for now, the left move in the academia was made in
1960s, this had to do partly with party politics. Indira Gandhi was in power struggle, badly
needed support of communists and she made an effective deal that she would leave to the
left the whole whole cultural educational sector as long as they supported her political
ambitions. Since then, there as a perfect embargo against rightist writers in the
ideological sensitive sectors, mainly sociology and history.
However, it started affecting Congress a little later. For example, it was Congress politicians in
the 1980s who started the Ayodhya movement. It was rumored that Rajiv Gandhi would himself
lay the foundation of the Ayodhya site. It was not unthinkable that time.
What polarized the opinion landscape partly was precisely this Ayodhya controversy,
when the JNU historians said in 1989 very rmly that ‘there had never been a temple
there, this is a fake Hindutva propaganda’. The narrative became far more ideological
then.
But active Marxist polarization of the opinion landscape is only one factor, at the same time,
within Congress, rst of all, the percentage of Hindu voters has gone down and
percentage of Christian & Muslim voters has increased.
Secondly, those Hindus also became less Hindu. They were polarized along caste lines,
reservations etc. Then today, far more important factor is the cultural Americanization.
Hindus are becoming far less Hindu. So many young kids have no idea who Hanuman is, or
many people are no longer concerned about mother cow….
–Sir, coming back to the government, what are the three things that you think Modi government should do
to bring parity, specially in policy, to Hindus?
Sh. Elst –
Well, first lets say what they should not particularly do..
The Common Civil Code issue, which of course they have as a part of their program since
beginning. In principle it is correct, nevertheless it is not a very important issue for Hindus. You
see, much is made of this issue. From the view point of equality between men and women, it is a
real issue. But from the view point of Hindu traditions, even every caste/ community had its own
code. This is a secular issue rather than a Hindu issue. For Hindus, it is not a priority.
Its better to focus on important issues, which just happen to be far easier. A very
important one is Article 30 of the constitution which discriminates against Hindus in
education. Well, at least that is the current interpretation. Because if it had been known
to discriminate against Hindus, I am sure that Constituent Assembly would never have
voted for it. Under Nehruvian impulse, it was gradually interpreted as meaning that the
minorities were given rights to set up subsidized schools where they could freely discriminate in
favour of their religion while Hindus were not given those rights. Whereas, the Constituent
Assembly probably meant that these rights for Hindus were obvious and that minorities were also
given these rights. There should simply be equality.
Perhaps, you don’t even need to legislate on it. There’s absolutely no excuse for
Government for waiting on it. The government should have approached the Supreme
Court asking the un-authoritative interpretation of this law. Very probably, the SC would
already have said that ‘all rights apply equally to everybody in India’. However, this wasn’t
done and they are not making any move in that direction. What could perhaps bring home
to them the importance of this issue is, this constitutional article serves the basis of a law
‘Right To Education Act’, the negative effects of which are felt by the majority today.
Hundreds of Hindu schools have closed down.
The argument of BJP supporters is always ‘ rst we need development…’. Even from the
development point of view, let them explain to me what is the gain for development of the
closure of hundreds of schools? Even from pure development angle, this should be a priority. At
any rate, this is blatant injustice, it can never be justified and this law should be amended.
–Sir, the pillars of democracy, judiciary, media, bureaucracy etc are not aligned to the thought of parity to
Hindus. Like last few judgments by the Supreme Court on Hindu festivals like Dahi Handi (you have a
similar festival in Spain of forming human pyramids which even UNESCO has appreciated!), Jallikattu etc
show that the pillars of democracy are not aligned to this thought of parity. So may be that’s why Modi
government is not able to do it, because may be they think that once it goes to judiciary, it might be
hammered back… What do you think about this?
Sh. Elst –
–Sir, What are the other two things government should do?
– Thank you Sir, you have researched a lot on Ayodhya Ram Temple issue and you have been strongly
associated with this movement. What do you think is the ideal way forward?
Sh. Elst –
The ideal way forward is first of all to understand that there isn’t really a controversy.
You see, the essence of the matter is so simple. In fact, if required, few Muslim leaders can
understand this.
This is not a Muslim place, it is a Hindu place. No Muslim ever goes on pilgrimage to
Ayodhya.
While Muslims are being actively supported in their pilgrimage to Mecca, I just saw the
Haj house outside the Kolkata airport. Hindus need not be pampered to that extent may
be. At least, they should be free to go for pilgrimage to Ayodhya.
All those who ask me who does the site belong to, my simple answer is that it belongs to the
community that pays attention to it, that gets stored by it. In this case, it is clearly the Hindu
community.
Therefore, the whole history of Ayodhya is not so important. Yes, there was a temple
underneath it and it has archaeologically been fully certi ed. The history shows there
was a Hindu temple there but ultimately that’s not so important. The issue simply is, who
treats this place as a pilgrimage site ‘today’? Hindus go on pilgrimage there ‘today’!
Muslims don’t ‘today’. Therefore, the place should be left to the Hindus.
In the normal course of things, this should be settled in court. Muslims are not even staking a
serious claim on this site anymore, which was also the case in the beginning.
–Sir, this concept of Akhand Bharat, do you think the Modi government somewhere, via the issue of
Balochistan, has brought up the possibility of bringing this narrative again, or do you see this just as crack
down on terrorism?
Sh. Elst –
I used to like this statement by Murali Manohar Joshi. A Pakistani politician said ‘ Pakistan is not
complete without Kashmir’, and he replied ‘And Bharat is not complete without Pakistan’.
But practically speaking, the Muslim community has been divided in three more or less equal
parts, which is what Maulana Azad greatly deplored about partition. Practically, this is an
advantage for Hindus.
When Muslim League had passed Pakistan resolution, Dr. Ambedkar defended it. But he defended
it in a logical way, he was for complete exchange of Muslim vs. Hindu population, which was
sabotaged by Mahatma Gandhi. And so, what we got was half of the population exchange and
more than a million people killed. That’s what the apostle of non-violence achieved. So it was far
better to have a consistent, far more peaceful arrangement that Dr. Ambedkar had worked out.
–Sir, you have also written that the only Hindutva thing that AB Vajpayee government had done was,
Murali Manohar Joshi’s initiative of change in the text books, but you have called it clumsy…
Sh. Elst –
Yes, I have called it a ‘horror show of incompetence’. It was very easy for the changed Congress
government to replace those text books.
In fact, one of the text books was quite good, it was on medieval India by Meenakshi Jain.
I was at a subsequent Indologists’ Conference and a session was devoted to the rewriting of the
text books. Everybody was attacking Hindus and Meenakshi Jain. Most of the Indologists are
united in either keeping their mouths shut but mostly very vocally anti Hindu. They were very
condescending. There the message was ‘Hindus are unspeakably evil, fortunately they are also
abysmally stupid’.
In case of Meenakshi’s book, they were nitpicking and trying to find faults in it.
Anyway, since you asked this question, so what went wrong…. well, the Hindu side had no
researchers at its disposal. The RSS does not create expertise, they have never groomed
scholarship, they certainly never paid for it. When the enemy is working overtime to gain
control of whole research sector, you have to take initiatives to develop the
counterweight. This the Sangh Parivar has never done. They think scholars can be hired
in the street. That’s not true, it takes a long time to build them. Any Indologist or
Historian ‘suspected’ of pro-Hindu opinion has no chance of making a career!
Today, of course, the left is no longer where it used to be. But its not the case that BJP is actively
trying to promote its own scholars. But nevertheless, BJP being in power has some effects. Like
the whole anti Modi intellectuals like Harsh Mander, Teesta Setalvad etc are no longer in picture.
It is good but the policy of promoting objective Hindu history has not happened yet.
–Sir, there is this rise of rightist politics in Europe again, may be because of in ux of so many Muslim
refugees there. Do you see a global trend of challenging the communist narrative and do Hindus have a
learning in it?
Sh. Elst –
The terms ‘Right’ and ‘Left’are also effectively used by the actors concerned. But still, it creates
wrong impressions. You see, ‘Right’ used to mean pro monarchy, pro dictatorship, ‘Left’ used to
mean pro equality and to certain extent also pro freedom, pro democracy.
Bharat has an advantage because it has a clear alternative – Dharma. So it does have an
ideological backbone. The so called European identity is much debated. So nding an ideological
backbone in Europe is difficult because it is vague.
Regarding foreigners in general, people are now used to seeing them. The problem is as the
number of Muslims grow, their assertiveness also grows. The problem of Islam is speci c and its
becoming worse.
Here we have the BJP that keeps denying the problem.
A very important voice is of Muslims who have left Islam, gradually more of them are starting to
see facts.
– Sir, you have been very vocally critical of Islam. We remember the India Ideas Conclave incident of 2014.
Do you think that there still is no real freedom of speech and growth, when it comes to logical criticism of
religion?
Sh. Elst –
For Muslims, it is of course very dangerous to criticize Islam. People like Taslima Nasreen, Ayaan
Ali, they have taken a very bold step.
For people outside Islam like me, it is a bit dangerous but relatively easier.
I said the truth, I don’t regret it. I was troubled not so much by Muslims, but by Hindu
organizers. But that is quite typical, in my country too, criticism of Islam is not so much punished
by Muslims as by local authorities.
Ultimately, I personally do not want to convince Muslims to leave Islam. They need to do it
themselves.
Governments should encourage them, but many governments are supporting orthodox Islamists
just to retain control. We must give adequate facilities to Muslims who take the risk of criticizing
Islam.
Its easier to be nice to Muslims. You see, all the western interventions in the Muslim
countries have been made by pro-Islam / Muslim politicians. Even when they praised
Islam, they killed millions of Muslims in Islamic countries like Libya, Afganistan, Iraq etc.
On the contrary, critics of Islam like Sitaram Goel etc, never harmed a Muslim. I am in the favour
of speaking the truth while keeping maximum peace with Muslims.
Saying the truth about Islam is important not to convince Muslims, but to make our own
people conscious.
Decades after the war, when the environment was peaceful, it was then that various people in
Europe liberated themselves from Christianity. Few go to church now…
If something sudden doesn’t happen in Bharat now, I can see Muslim majority here. What
that means for non -Muslims can be easily seen from Bangladesh & Pakistan. I am clearly
not asking to throw all Muslims in the Indian Ocean, all I am saying is let Muslims
outgrow Islam. And it is not as dif cult as it seems. There is a certain objective evolution
that can happen, internet plays a big role… It happened with Catholics in my country.
–Sir, asking you a personal question. You write so much on Hindutva, you never thought of coming into the
Hindu fold personally?
Sh. Elst –
I did consider this in my youthful enthusiasm long ago, and I did ask my senior in 1990. But he
didn’t believe in it, though he didn’t say it in too many words…
By now I guess, I am perfectly ok. The truth is universal, the same insights are available to
everybody. Its the belief in Jesus or Mohammad that keeps you away from these beliefs. But these
Hindu beliefs are natural, and you can always open yourself to them and grow in them.
(For full detailed interview, please listen to the audio link above, we thank Sh. Koenraad Elst for
speaking to us).
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