Water Resource engineering: Definition and Classification of Application

Water resources engineering is a specialty of civil engineering that focuses on water

supplies, irrigation and waste disposal. It also addresses methods for controlling water to avoid
water-related damage and catastrophes. Water resources engineering is the quantitative study of
the hydrologic cycle -- the distribution and circulation of water linking the earth's atmosphere,
land and oceans. Surface runoff is measured as the difference between precipitation and
abstractions, such as infiltration (which replenishes groundwater flow), surface storage and
evaporation. Applications include the management of the urban water supply, the design of
urban storm-sewer systems, and flood forecasting.

Hydraulic engineering consists of the application of fluid mechanics to water flowing

in an isolated environment (pipe, pump) or in an open channel (river, lake, ocean). Civil
engineers are primarily concerned with open channel flow, which is governed by the
interdependent interaction between the water and the channel. Applications include the design
of hydraulic structures, such as sewage conduits, dams and breakwaters, the management of
waterways, such as erosion protection and flood protection, and environmental management,
such as prediction of the mixing and transport of pollutants in surface water. Hydroelectric -
power development, water supply, irrigation and navigation are some familiar applications of
water resources engineering involving the utilization of water for beneficial purposes. More
recently, concern for preserving our natural environment and meeting the needs of developing
countries has increased the importance of water resources engineering.

Control of Water

The control of water supply systems is becoming more important, since there are
increasing requirements to improve operation. A need exists to model and simulate water supply
systems so that their behavior can be fully understood and the total process optimized. This paper
describes the simulation and control of a water supply system consisting of a sequence of
pumping stations that deliver water through pipelines to intermediate storage reservoirs. The
system is represented by dominant system variables that represent active and passive dynamical
elements. The hydraulic models include the nonlinear coupling between flow rates and reservoir
heads. The bisection numerical solution approach is used to obtain a roughness dependent
friction coefficient. The whole system is simulated and the results are presented and compared
with the real-time measured data. A water level controller using the robust polynomial H
(infinity) optimization method by manipulating pump speed is obtained. The stochastic nature of
the disturbance and loads is considered for controller design. The parametrized dynamic
weighting functions of the design theory are selected to achieve the required control functions
and robustness.
Use of Water

The uses of water can be broadly divided into domestic, agricultural and industrial uses.
The main portion of water is used for irrigation. We are also used water in different domestic
purposes.
Domestic Uses: We need water for our everyday household uses. The daily uses include
drinking, cooking, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, brushing teeth, watering the garden,
washing pets etc. A good quality domestic water storage tank is a must to meet our all household
needs.
Agricultural Uses: The irrigation of our economy depends on agriculture and maximum water is
used in farming and agriculture in the rural areas of our country.
Industrial uses: Major water using industries are paper, steel chemical, and petroleum refining.
Commercial Uses: Water is being used on a daily basis in different commercial properties such
as hotels, restaurants, office buildings, and other commercial properties.
Recreational Uses: Water is used in several recreational activities such as Swimming pools,
parks, etc.
Water is the best resource provided to us by nature. Freshwater has become one of the
major problems in our country and it is quite expensive at present. So You need a best quality
Plastic water tank to store fresh water. Let's save water and keep our water bodies clean as much
as possible.

Water Quality Analysis and Management

Water Quality can be defined as the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of
water, usually in respect to its suitability for a design use. As well all know, water has many
uses, such as for recreation, drinking, fisheries, agriculture, and industry. Each of these
designated uses has different defined chemical, physical and biological standards necessary to
support that use. Water Quality Standard are put in place to ensure the efficient use of water for
a designated purpose. Water quality analysis is to measure the required parameters of water,
following standard methods, to check whether they are in accordance with the standard.
Water management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and optimum use
of water resources under defined water polices and regulations. It includes: management of water
treatment of drinking water, industrial water, sewage or wastewater. management of water
resources. Integrated process of intake, conveyance, regulation, measurement, distribution,
application and use of irrigation water and drainage of excess water with proper amount and at
right time for the purpose of increasing crop production and water economy in conjunction with
improved agricultural practices.
Philippine Water Resources Region
 Republic of the Philippines
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Cabanatuan City

College of Engineering

Assignment No. 1

CE 533
Water Resource
Engineering

Submitted by:
Juzreel G. Macatuno

Submitted to:
Engr. Emma Suarez