Principal Types of Species

Interaction
by Group #4

MUSIC EQUIPMENT
ABUEL | BASAS | BERNAL | HIPOL | RAMOS
What is species interaction?
The biological factor that influences an organism's
ecological niche.
Relationships (benefit, be unaffected, harm) between
two species
May favor of inhabit mutual growth and evolution of
populations.
Types of species
interaction:
1. Predation/Parasitism (+/-)
2. Mutualism (+/+)
3. Commensalism (+/o)
4. Amensalism (-/o)
5. Competition (-/-)
predation/parasitism
(+/-)
One organism benefits, while the other is
harmed
predation: predator &
prey

parasitism: parasite and

host
what's the
difference?
The parasite is generally smaller than the host
while the predator is generally bigger than the
prey.

Parasites don't usually kill the host unlike the

parasite which is immediately killed by the
predator
Bugging Me (Spider on Leaf)
by Bianca Bernal
Nature's Noose (Vines on tree)
by Bianca Bernal
 mutualism (+/+)
Two different species benefit from each other.

Includes the exchange of resources or services

Adapted and evolved together in their environment.

Organism with Benefits (Humans and Plants)
by Bianca Bernal
Organism with Benefits (Animals and Plants)
by Bianca Bernal
Flower in the Rough
(Butterfly and Flower)
by Bianca Bernal
Fungal Bouquet (Fungi and Ants)
by Bianca Bernal
Fungal Bouquet (Fungi and Ants)
by Bianca Bernal
commensalism (+/o)
One organism benefits while the other is unaffected
Commensal benefits by gaining nutrients, shelter, support, or
location from the host species
Rare type of interaction since few hosts are unaffected by their
commensals.
Green Carpet (Moss and Tree)
by Bianca Bernal
Searching (Birds and Army Ants)
by Bianca Bernal
Nature's Loose (Orchid and Tree)
by Bianca Bernal
Nature's Loose (Epyphytic Plants and Trees)
by Bi anca Bernal
 amensalism (-/o)
One organism is harmed, while the other is unaffected
The opposite of commensalism.
 competition (-/-)
Interaction of organisms that vie for specific resources that are
scarce.
intraspecific
competition : competition of
organisms of different
species

interspecific
competition : competition of
organisms of the same
kind
It's A Bug Eats Bug World (Ants and Fly)
by Bianca Bernal
 Why study species
interaction?
Basis for many ecosystem properties and processes such
as nutrient cycling and food webs
Cultivates and controls the population and environment 
Provides earth with natural resources
References:
https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=1383
https://necsi.edu/mutualistic-relationships
https://biologydictionary.net/mutualism/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/commensalism
https://www.britannica.com/science/antagonism-ecology
https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/species-interactions-and-competition-102131429/
https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/energy-government-and-defense-magazines/ecological-
competition
https://www.britannica.com/science/antagonism-ecology
https://www.britannica.com/science/antagonism-ecology
https://www.majordifferences.com/2016/08/differences-between-predation-and-parasitism.html#.XW8A-
SgzbIU
https://prezi.com/bolwhh03i0ff/the-importance-of-interaction-in-ecosystem/
https://steemit.com/interaction/@goberabadi/relationship-between-butterfly-and-flower-c15cee799d6d2
https://animals.mom.me/mutualism-relationships-butterfly-6915.html
https://prezi.com/dheib8tgmbwj/symbiotic-relationships/
https://www.google.com/search
q=relationship+between+fungi+and+ants&rlz=1C5CHFA_enPH858PH858&oq=relationship+between+fungi+and+
ants&aqs=chrome..69i57j35i39j0j69i60l3.5310j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8