History for 'Week 2 Practice Problems '

Item: Week 2 Practice Problems

Score:
9/10
(Calculated)
90%
Due: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:59 PM
Submitted: Monday, April 16, 2018 1:00 PM
Answers: 1. Which of the following lipid composition options has the LEAST
membrane fluidity?
phospholipids with short-chain, unsaturated fatty acids
phospholipids with long-chain, saturated fatty acids
phospholipids with short-chain, saturated fatty acids
phospholipids with long-chain, unsaturated fatty acids
2. Which one of the following is considered an integral membrane protein?
a protein with its N-terminus in the cytoplasm and its C-terminus in
the extracellular space
a protein attached to a phospholipid via ionic bonding with the head
group of the lipid molecule
a protein attached to a transmembrane protein via hydrogen bonding
3. Phospholipase is an enzyme that cleaves the phosphate head group off a
phospholipid molecule. The plasma membrane is not, however, permeable
to the enzyme. Imagine a cell where phospholipid A is present in the layer
of phospholipids facing the exterior of the cell, and phospholipid B is
present in the layer of phospholipids facing the interior of the cell. After
adding phospholipase to the medium in which the cell is growing, what
would you expect to find in the fluid surrounding the cell?
phosphate head groups from both phospholipids A and B
phosphate head groups from neither phospholipids A nor B
the phosphate head group from phospholipid B only
the phosphate head group from phospholipid A only
4. In response to seasonal changes in temperature, many organisms must alter
the composition of their plasma membranes to maintain the proper degree of
fluidity. As summer turns to fall and eventually into winter, which of the
following would you predict you would observe in the plasma membranes
of organisms that are unable to regulate their body temperature?
 a decrease in phospholipid fatty acid side chain length and an increase
in side chain saturation
a decrease in phospholipid fatty acid side chain length and a decrease
in side chain saturation
an increase in phospholipid fatty acid side chain length and a decrease
in side chain saturation
an increase in phospholipid fatty acid side chain length and an increase
in side chain saturation
5. Which way does the water move if the cell is in a hypotonic environment?
into the cell
out of the cell
6. Which of the following represents how easily the molecules cross a
synthetic membrane composed of phospholipids but not proteins, from most
easily (freely permeable) to least easily (not permeable)?
large polar molecules, small polar molecules, hydrophobic molecules,
ions
ions, large polar molecules, small polar molecules, hydrophobic
molecules
small polar molecules, large polar molecules, ions, hydrophobic
molecules
hydrophobic molecules, ions, small polar molecules, large polar
molecules
hydrophobic molecules, small polar molecules, large polar molecules,
ions
7.

The beaker in the illustration above contains two solutions of salt with
different concentrations (measured by molarity, M). The two solutions are
separated by a membrane that is permeable to both salt and water. Which of
the following will occur in this container?
Net diffusion of water from A to B and of salt from B to A.
Diffusion of salt across the membrane, but not of water.
Net diffusion of water across the membrane, but not of salt.
Net diffusion of salt from B to A, but no net diffusion of water.
Net diffusion of water from B to A and of salt from A to B.
8. Suppose you are studying the transport of a certain polar molecule across
the plasma membrane of cells in culture. Over a period of time, you measure
the concentration of a polar molecule inside and outside of the cells. You
find that the concentration of the molecule is lower in the cell but is
gradually increasing. You also measure the ATP concentration inside the
cell and find that it is not changing. Which of the following is probably
responsible for the transport of this polar substance into the cell?
active transport
 facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
secondary active transport
simple diffusion
9. Suppose you are studying the transport of a certain polar molecule across
the plasma membrane of cells in culture. Over a period of time, you measure
the concentration of a polar molecule inside and outside of the cells. You
find that the concentration of the molecule is higher in the cell and is
gradually increasing. You also measure the ATP concentration inside the
cell and find that it is decreasing. Which of the following is probably
responsible for the transport of this polar substance into the cell?
primary active transport
secondary active transport
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
10. Which one of the following molecules would MOST likely require a
transport protein to cross the plasma membrane of a red blood cell?
H2O
C6H12O6
O2
CO2

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History for '6.4 Review Questions'

Item: 6.4 Review Questions

Score:
3/5
(Calculated)
60%
Due: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:59 PM
Submitted: Monday, April 16, 2018 4:16 PM
Answers: 1. Which of the following describes ATP hydrolysis? (Select all that apply.)
exergonic
often coupled to a reaction that has a positive ΔG
 spontaneous
2. Which of the following is true about spontaneous chemical reactions?
The reactions have a positive change in free energy (+?G).
They require ATP to go to completion.
The reactions are exergonic.
3. Reactions in which there is a negative change in free energy (–ΔG) are:
nonspontaneous and endergonic.
spontaneous and endergonic.
nonspontaneous and exergonic.
spontaneous and exergonic.
4. Which of the following is TRUE about exergonic reactions?
Energy is released from the reactants.
The products of exergonic reactions have more free energy than the
reactants.
There is a positive ΔG.
5. Gibbs free energy is defined as:
spontaneous energy.
the amount of energy lost as heat.
the amount of potential energy in a system.
the amount of entropy.
the amount of energy available to do work.

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History for '6.5 Review Questions'

Item: 6.5 Review Questions
Score:
4/5
(Calculated)
80%
Due: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:59 PM
Submitted: Monday, April 16, 2018 4:36 PM
Answers: 1. The highest free energy is found in the _____(s) of a reaction.
 substrate
product
transition state
2. What is the function of an enzyme?
to increase the rate of a specific reaction
to both increase the rate of a specific reaction and decrease the
amount of energy needed to reach the transition state
to decrease amount of energy needed to reach the transition state
to alter the equilibrium of a specific reaction
3. You notice that a chemical reaction in your system is happening at a slow
rate. You want to speed up the reaction. What do you do?
add an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction
add more products
increase the activation energy
change the ΔG for the reaction
4. Which of the following is TRUE of allosteric inhibitors of an enzyme?
Allosteric inhibitors decrease enzyme activity.
The effect of allosteric inhibitors can be reduced by adding more
substrate.
Allosteric inhibitors are structurally similar to the normal substrate of
an enzyme.
Allosteric inhibitors increase the rate of enzyme activity.
Allosteric inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme.
5. In a reaction, enzymes change the:
ΔG.
first law of thermodynamics.
second law of thermodynamics.
types of products.
activation energy.

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 History for '7.1 Review Questions'
Item: 7.1 Review Questions

Score:
4/5
(Calculated)
80%
Due: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:59 PM
Submitted: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:00 PM
Answers: 1. Consulting Figure 7.3 if necessary, during which stage(s) of cellular
respiration is carbon dioxide released?

stages 3 and 4
stages 2 and 3
stage 1 only
stage 3 only
stages 1 and 2
2. A molecule that is _____ loses electrons, and a molecule that is _____ gains
electrons.
reduced; oxidized
negative; positive
None of the other answer options is correct.
weak; polar
oxidized; reduced
3. Which one of the following represents the REDUCED forms of the two
major electron carriers?
NADH and FAD
NADH and FADH2
NAD+ and FAD
NAD+ and FADH2
4. The _____ forms of the electron carriers NAD+/NADH and
FADH/FADH2 have high potential energy.
None of the other answer options is correct.
oxidized
carboxylated
reduced
phosphorylated
5. In cellular respiration, glucose is _____ to CO2 and oxygen is _____ to
water.
oxidized; reduced
reduced; oxidized
deoxygenated; phosphorylated
phosphorylated; deoxygenated
oxidized; oxidized

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History for '7.2 Review Questions'

 Item: 7.2 Review Questions
Score:
1/5
(Calculated)
20%
Due: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:59 PM
Submitted: Monday, April 16, 2018 5:10 PM
Answers: 1. In eukaryotic cells, glycolysis occurs in:
vacuoles.
the cytoplasm.
the matrix of the mitochondria.
the nucleus.
the endoplasmic reticulum.
2. The first phase of glycolysis requires the input of two ATP molecules. It
is therefore:
endergonic.
reducing.
None of the other answer options is correct.
exergonic.
oxidative.
3. The phosphorylation of glucose during glycolysis serves to: (Select all
that apply.)
destabilize the molecule, making it easier to cleave.
trap imported glucose inside the cell.
reduce an electron carrier, storing energy for later.
4. In glycolysis, ATP is synthesized by:
both substrate level and oxidative phosphorylation.
substrate-level phosphorylation.
oxidative phosphorylation.
electron carriers.
redox reactions.
 5. At the end of glycolysis, the carbon molecules originally found in the
starting glucose molecule are in the form of:
two pyruvate molecules.
four ATP molecules.
two NADH molecules.
one pyruvate molecule.
two ATP molecules.

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