Formative Assessment 2

Provide interpretations to show that each of the following is false. In other

words, provide counter-interpretations for all of these claims.

(NB. You do not need to explain how your interpretations show that these claims
are false. All you need to do is present the interpretations.)

(i) ∃xF x, ∃xGx  ∃x(F x ∧ Gx)

(ii) ∀xT x → Sa  ∀x(T x → Sa)
(iii)  (F a ∧ Gb) → ∃x∃y((F x ∧ Gy) ∧ ¬x = y)
(iv)  ¬((F a ∧ Gb) → ∃x∃y((F x ∧ Gy) ∧ ¬x = y))
(v) ∀x∃yRxy, ∀x(∀yRyx → P x)  ∃xP x
(vi) ∀x∀y(Rxy → Ryx), ∀x∀y∀z((Rzx ∧ Rzy) → Rxy)  ∀xRxx
(vii) ∃x((F x ∧ Gx) ∧ ∀y((F y ∧ Gy) → y = x)),
∃x((Gx ∧ Hx) ∧ ∀y((Gy ∧ Hy) → y = x))  ∃x(F x ∧ Hx)