Chemistry Grade 9 General

Section A

1. Which part of an atom has a relative mass of 1 and a relative charge of 0?

2. Sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride.

Which statements describe what happens to the sodium atoms in this reaction?

3. What is the relative formula mass of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3?

4. Which method is used to obtain a concentrated solution of ethanol from a dilute solution of ethanol
dissolved in water?

5. Which definition of isotopes is correct?

6. The electronic structures of atoms Q and R are shown.

Q and R form an ionic compound.

What is the formula of the compound?

7. A chromatogram obtained from the chromatography of four substances is shown.

Which substance has an Rf value of 0.6?

8. Aluminium reacts with fluorine.

Which values of x, y and z balance the equation?

9. Carbon monoxide burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide.

Which mass of carbon dioxide is produced from 14 g of carbon monoxide?

10. An example of a redox reaction is shown.

Which statement about the reaction is correct?

11. Which element does not form a stable ion with the same electronic structure as argon?

12. Which equations are balanced?

13. Calcium carbide, CaC2, reacts with water to form ethyne, C2H2, and calcium hydroxide.

The equation for the reaction is shown.

Which volume of ethyne is produced when 6 g of water react completely with calcium carbide?

14. A compound, X, has a melting point of 71 °C and a boiling point of 375 °C.

Which statement about X is correct?

15. Silver nitrate reacts with sodium chloride to produce silver chloride and sodium nitrate. The
equation for the reaction is shown.

How is silver chloride separated from the reaction mixture?

16. Which equation from the zinc extraction process shows the metal being produced by reduction?

17. Two equations are shown.

Which terms describe reactions 1 and 2?

18. A compound contains 70% by mass of iron and 30% by mass of oxygen.

What is its empirical formula?

19. The formula for hydrated copper(II) nitrate is Cu(NO3)2.xH2O. It contains 36.5% water of
crystallisation by mass.

What is the value of x?

20. The mass spectrum of a sample of lithium shows that it contains two isotopes, 6Li and 7Li.

The isotopic abundances are shown in the table.

What is the relative atomic mass of this sample of lithium, given to three significant figures?

Section B

1. 6.0 of cobalt(II) carbonate was added to 40 cm3 of hydrocholic acid, concentration 2.0 mol/dm3.
Calculate the maximum yield of cobalt(II) chloride-6-water and show that the cobalt(II) carbonate was in
excess.

CoCO3 + 2HCl → CoCl2 + CO2 + H2O

CoCl2 + 6H2O → CoCl2.6H2O

Maximum yield

Number of moles of HCl uses = ......

Number of moles of CoCl2 formed = ......

Number of moles of CoCl2.6H2O formed = ......

Mass of one mole of CoCl2.6H2O = 238 g

Maximum yield of CoCl2.6H2O = ...... g

To show that cobalt(II) carbonate is in excess

Number of moles of HCl used = .........(use value from above)

Mass of one mole of CoCO3 = 119 g

Number of moles of CoCO3 in 6.0 g of cobalt(II) carbonate = .........

Explain why cobalt(II) carbonate is in excess.

2. Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. 20 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon
was burned in 120 cm3 of oxygen, which is in excess. After cooling, the volume of the gases remaining was
90 cm3. Aquades sodium hydroxide was added to remove carbon dioxide, 30 cm3 of oxygen remained. All
volume were measured at r.t.p.

a. Explain why it is essential to use excess oxygen.

b. Carbon dioxide is slightly soluble in water. Why does it dissolve readily in the alkali, sodium hydroxide?

c. Calculate the following:

volume of gaseous hydrocarbon = ..........cm3

volume of oxygen used = ..........cm3

volume of carbon dioxide formed = ..........cm3

d. Use the above volume ratio to find the mole ratio in the equation below and hence find the formula of
the hydrocarbon.

....CxHy(g) + ....O2(g) → ...CO2(g) + ....H2O(l)

3. Acids are neutralised by alkalis.

(a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali.

(b) Sodium sulfate is a soluble salt that can be prepared using a titration method.

(i) Name a sodium compound and the acid that can be used to make sodium sulfate by

this method.

(ii) Describe how the titration method is used to prepare a colourless solution of sodium
sulfate.

(iii) Describe how a sample of pure sodium sulfate crystals can be made from aqueous
sodium sulfate.

(c) Aqueous sodium sulfate can be used to prepare barium sulfate.

In an experiment, 20.0 cm3 of 0.550 mol/dm3 of barium nitrate was added to excess aqueous
sodium sulfate.

(i) Calculate the maximum mass of barium sulfate that could be made.

[The relative formula mass of BaSO4 is 233.]

(ii) A mass of 1.92 g of dry barium sulfate was obtained. Calculate the percentage yield of
barium sulfate.