CH.

1: Fire fighting system design

1.4 hydraulic calculations

First, determine the type of dangerous :

- light .

Second, we find the value of density chart :

- We chose the value of density 0.1 gpm\ft2

- Design Area =139 m2

- k factor = 5.6 (steel pipe)

- length of Design Area = 1.2 ( 139 )0.5

= 14.14 m
𝐴𝑑 139
- Number of sprinkler in Design Area = = = 8 sprinkler
𝐴𝑠 18.1

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

We start counts ( Q and P) for sprinklers :

1- Qst = As x Density = ( 18.1 x 3.28 ) x 0.1 = 19.5 gpm

𝑄𝑠𝑡 20
P=( (2 =( (2= 12.76 psi
𝑘 5.6

2- P2 = P1 + Pf (1- 2)

4.52 𝑥 (20)1.85
F ( 1-2) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (1)4.87

= 0.16 psi\ft

Leq = length + elbow

= ( 3.6 m x 3.28 ) ft + 1 ft + 2 ft =14.8 ft

Pf (1-2) = Leq x F (1-2)

= ( 0.16) x (14.8)=2.36

P2= 12.76 + 2.36 = 15.12 psi

Q2= Q1 x √𝑝2\𝑝1

= 20 x √15.12\12.76

= 21.77 gpm

NOTE: To find the value of friction We use William Hazzen equation

𝟒.𝟓𝟐 𝒙 (𝐐)𝟏.𝟖𝟓
F = (𝐂)𝟏.𝟖𝟓 𝒙 (𝐃)𝟒.𝟖𝟕

Q: volume flow rate

C: hazen Williams constant

D: inside diameter ( inch)

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

We find the value of (C & D) through the tables following the NFPA:

3- P3 = P2 + Pf (2- 3)

4.52 𝑥 (20+21.77)1.85
F ( 2-3) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (1)4.87

= 0.64 psi\ft

Leq = length + tee

= ( 1.8 m x 3.28 ) ft + 5 ft =10.91 ft

Pf (2-3) = Leq x F (2-3)

= ( 0.64) x (10.91)=6.98psi

P3= 15.12 + 6.98 = 22 psi

Q3=( Q1+Q2) x 2

= 83.54 gpm

NOTE :

Q3 = Q2 & Q4 = Q1

P3 = P2 & P4 = P1

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

4- P6 = P3 + Pf (3- 6 )

4.52 𝑥 (83)1.85
F ( 3-6) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (1.5)4.87

= 0.317 psi\ft

Leq = length + tee

= ( 3.72 m x 3.28 ) ft + 8 ft =20.2 ft

Pf (3-6) = Leq x F (3-6)

= ( 0.317) x (20.2)=6.4psi

P6= 22+6.4 = 28.4psi

Q6= Q5 x √𝑝6\𝑝5

= 83 x √28.4\22

= 94.3 gpm

5- P11 = P6 + Pf (6- 2)

4.52 𝑥 (175.15)1.85
F ( 6-11) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (2)4.87

= 0.311 psi\ft

Leq = length + tee

= ( 3.7 m x 3.28 ) ft + 10 ft =22.2 ft

Pf (6-11) = Leq x F (6-11)

= ( 0.311) x (22.2)=6.9psi

P11= 28.4 + 6.9 = 35.3 psi

Q11= Q6 x √𝑝11\𝑝16

= 175.19gpm

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

6- P12 = P11 + Pf (11- 12)

4.52 𝑥 (175.19)1.85
F ( 11-12) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (2.5)4.87

= 0.1 psi\ft

Leq = length +2 elbow +3 tee

= ( 17.3 m x 3.28 ) ft + 48 ft =104.8 ft

Pf (11-12) = Leq x F (11-12)

= ( 0.1) x (104.8)=10.48

P12= 35.3 + 10.48 = 45.7 psi

Q12= Q11 x √𝑝12\𝑝11

= 175.19 gpm

7- P13= P12 + Pf (12- 13 )

4.52 𝑥 (175.19)1.85
F ( 12-13) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (3)4.87

= 0.043 psi\ft

Leq = length + tee

= ( 26.6 m x 3.28 ) ft + 15 ft =102.43 ft

Pf (12-13) = Leq x F (12-13)

= ( 0.043) x (102.43)=4.4 psi

P11= 45.7 + 4.4 = 50.1 psi

Q13= Q12 x √𝑝13\𝑝12

= 175.19gpm

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

8- P14 = P13 + Pf (13- 14)

4.52 𝑥 (175.15)1.85
F ( 13-14) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (4)4.87

= 0.0106 psi\ft

Leq = length +3 tee +elbwo

= ( 37.4 m x 3.28 ) ft + 76 ft =113.4 ft

Pf (13-14) = Leq x F (13-14)

= ( 0.0106) x (113.4)=1.2 psi

P14= 50.1 + 1.2 = 51.3 psi

Q14= Q13 x √𝑝14\𝑝13

= 175.19gpm

9- P15 = P14 + Pf (14-15 )

4.52 𝑥 (175.19)1.85
F ( 14-15) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (4)4.87

= 0.0106 psi\ft

Leq = length +2 tee

= ( 3m x 3.28 ) ft + 59 ft =68.84 ft

Pf (14-15) = Leq x F (14-15)

= ( 0.0106) x (68.84)=7.29 psi

P15= 51.3 + 7.29 = 58.6 psi

Q15= Q14 x √𝑝15\𝑝14

= 175.19gpm

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

10- P16 = P15 + Pf (15- 16)

4.52 𝑥 (175.15)1.85
F ( 15-16) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (4)4.87

= 0.01 psi\ft

Leq = length +2 tee + elbwo

= ( 3.6 m x 3.28 ) ft + 50 ft =61.81 ft

Pf (15-16) = Leq x F (15-16)

= ( 0.01) x (61.81)=0.618 psi

P16= 58.6 + 0.618 = 59.2 psi

Q16= Q15 x √𝑝16\𝑝15

= 175.19gpm

11- P17 = P16 + Pf (16- 17)

4.52 𝑥 (175.15)1.85
F ( 16-17) = (120)1.85 𝑥 (4)4.87

= 0.01 psi\ft

Leq = length + tee + elbwo

= ( 15 m x 3.28 ) ft + 32 ft =81.21 ft

Pf (16-17) = Leq x F (16-17)

= ( 0.01) x (81.21)=0.812 psi

P17= 59.2 + 0.812 = 60 psi

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

Q17= Q16 x √𝑝17\𝑝16

= 175.19gpm

Now we calculate the static pressure:

Building height
p =
10.28

13
= = 1.26 m
10.28

Now we calculate relief valve and check valve :

Q = Qtot x 1.5

= 175.19 x 1.5 = 262.785 gpm ~ 300 gpm

Then we go to the schedule of NFPA

We find that the value of :

1- Suction =4 in

2- Discharge =4in

3- Relief valve = 2.5 in

4- Relief valve discharge = 3.5 in

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

In the end, we find that the value of each of (Q &P) are required to
pump:

Q pump = Q design area = ( Q3 + Q6 ) = ( 94.3 + 83 ) = 177.3 GPM

P pump = P friction + P static + P res = 60 + 1.26 + 7 = 68.26 PSI

Now we calculate the size of the water tank :

V = Q pump X T min X 0.003785

= 177.3 X 40 X 0.003785

= 26.8 m2

Where …

Length tank = 3 m

Height tank = 3 m

Display tank = 2.96 m

Where…

Height Water = 0.66 X Height tank = 2 m

Height Gap = 0.33 X Height tank = 1 m

NOTE : The value of the nfpa (30-60) and Height of the tank between
(3-5) .

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

1.5 Pump design room

-We used the room at the pumps and three pumps are :

1- Jockey pump .

2- diesel pump .

3- electrical pump .

-We put on clouds valves following line :

1- OS&Y(gate valve).

2- flexible connection.

3- reduce.

-We put the valves discharge following line :

.1- OS&Y(gate valve).

2- flexible connection.

3- Pressure gauge.

4- check valve.

-We put a test between the pump room and tin line.

-We put at the diesel pump vent valve.

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 CH.1: Fire fighting system design

1.6 Selection of the pump

We have the value of each of the :

1-Q = 177.3 gpm

2- P = 68.26 psi

To choose the pump follow the following steps :

1- Q shut off zero @ H shut off < 140% HD

2- Q max = 150% QD @ H3 > 65%HD.

Now :

Q = 177.3 x 1.5 = 265.95 = 300 gpm

P = 68.26 x 68.26 = 44.3 psi = 7 bar

And be a pump-type spilt case pump Because it is on the same level

with the tank .

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