Save. Buy. Yield.

A Research on Investment Relations featuring Financial Institutions

In Compliance to the requirement in subject

Financial Market 201

Prof. Aurea Natividad

Silvestre. Banaticla. Young

II- A2
Financial Institutions act as middlemen that give services to those who provide and
need funds. The Philippine Stocks Exchange (PSE) is the only stock exchange in the
Philippines. It is one of the oldest stock exchanges in Asia, having been in continuous
operation since the establishment of the Manila Stock Exchange in 1927.

As a BS Accountancy student, it is essential for us to know the flow of the stock

market. The table presented below shows the most active traders as of August 16, 2019
(04:04:57 pm) as they have the largest shares traded for the said date.

Table 2.1 Top Active Stocks

(source: https://www.pse.com.ph/stockMarket/marketInfo-marketActivity.html?tab=2)

Calculating volume is simply the total amount of shares traded for the day, which
includes both buy and sell orders. If you see a stock that’s appreciating on high volume,
it's more likely to be a sustainable move. Among the top performing institutions, Pepsi-
Cola Productions Philippines (PIP) a company engage in manufacturing, sale and
distribution of carbonated soft drinks and non-carbonated beverages, and confectionery
products to retail, wholesale, restaurants and bar trades got the highest increased
percentage of change. As presented in table 2.2 the previous traded price of 1.80 last
August 15, 2019 and increased to 1.92 the 6.67% change in the stock price allowed its
volume to increase from 44,934,000 to 15,663,000. The investors took advantage the
low price previously issued by the company as they expected it to increase.

Table 2.3 Pepsi-Cola Philippines, Inc.

(source: https://www.pse.com.ph/stockMarket/companyInfo.html?id=617&security=543&tab=0

On the other hand, JG Summit Holdings which is controlled by the Gokongwei

family a holding company for a group of companies with substantial business interests
in foods; agro-industrial and commodities; real estate and hotel; air transportation;
banking; and petrochemicals had the highest percentage of decrease in stock price.
Table 2.4 shows the Previous Close of 66.50 from dating trade August 15, 2019 which
down to 63.50 as of August 16, 2019 that makes its volume decline to 1,599,450 from
1,796, 350. This implies a strategic move for the company. As what happened to PIP, its
low price attracted lots of buyers as it is expected to increase. Logically, when more
money is moving a stock price, it means there is more demand for that stock. If a small
amount of money is moving the stock price, the odds of that move being sustainable are
lower.
 Table 2.4 JG Summit Holdings Inc.

(source: https://www.pse.com.ph/stockMarket/companyInfo.html?id=210&security=207&tab=0)

Simplifying the percentage is as easy as subtracting the old price from the new
price and divide the difference by the old price. Then, multiply by 100 to get the percent
change. If the sign is negative, that means that the price decreased. If it's positive, the
price increased over time. But understanding and evaluating the changes of price is not
that easy. Implications and strategies rise up, also strategies of the company and
traders amalgamate. This affects the decision making of the participants in the market
and the economy as well. As it changes from time to time, we have to reflect that time is
money, after all, and it would be wise to save and understand time.
 Financial Literacy is defined by investopedi.com as an education and
understanding of various financial areas including topics related to managing personal
finance, money and investing. It focuses on the ability to manage personal finance
matters in an efficient manner, and it includes the knowledge of making appropriate
decisions about personal finance such as investing, insurance, real estate, paying for
college, budgeting, retirement and tax planning

From the definition given, it is important for an individual to be financially literate.

It helps a person to achieve financial goals and have financial stability as well. Through
this educaion, it allows people to have fair monetary decisions, knowledge in saving,
and utilize money efficiently.

In many developing nations, limited financial markets, instruments, and financial

institutions, as well as poorly defined legal systems, may make it more costly to raise
capital and may lower the return on savings or investments. Limited information or lack
of financial transparency mean that information is not as readily available to market
participants and risks may be higher than in economies with more fully-developed
financial systems. In addition, it is more difficult to hold a diversified portfolio in small
markets with only a limited selection of financial assets or savings and investment
products. In such thin financial markets with little trading activity and few alternatives, it
may be more difficult and costly to find the right product, maturity, or risk profile to
satisfy the needs of borrowers and lenders.

According to the article published at Business World last May 2019 titled,
"Philippine financial system grows in 2018 as lenders’ assets expand", the country's
financial system had sustained growth in last year's banking industry section. The article
cited various percentages of increases in relation to banks.

The 9.3% growth in financial system's resources mirrored from the increase in
banking systems and non-financial institutions that yield on 11. 5% and 7.6%
respectively. As the growth in banking system resulted from expansion of resources by
universal and commercial banks with PHP 15.2 Trillion up to 12% year-on-year while
Thrift banks and rural and cooperative lenders logged slower asset growth at 6.5% (to
P1.25 trillion) and 7.2% (to P245.6 billion), respectively. Whereas, universal and
commercial banks’ loans grew 14.6% to P9.02 trillion. Meanwhile, the loan portfolio of
thrift banks went up 6.6% to P916.9 billion, while that of rural and cooperative banks
expanded by just 4.1% to P140.9 billion. These data implies that the financial
institutions in the Philippines have gained from the users of the funds specifically from
thrift, rural and cooperative banks but especially in commercial banks. The assets they
are pertaining to are the loans they provide. Based on the information, among the
financial institution, commercial banks provide and has the largest increase. As we all
know, commercial banks are depository institution responsible for lending money to the
public. This shows that for the past years, Filipinos patronized money borrowing than
money saving. It is quite alarming to read such article saying that larger percentage of
increase in banking system was came from loans. Although this benefits the financial
institutions and the decision of borrowing is in the debtor, still, every too much has also
disadvantages.

On the other hand, total deposits of the banking system reached P12.76 trillion
as of end-December 2018, up 8.8% year-on-year. In terms of deposit types, savings
deposits from individuals were the biggest source of banks’ funding amounting to P6.02
trillion or a 47.1% share in total deposits. As stated in data gathered, in spite of having a
large share of loan it is flattering to see that know large number of Filipinos invest their
excess money thru deposits and savings.

The continuous and sustainable growth of financial system in the country reflects
to the knowledge of citizens in the usage of money. The proper use and allocation of the
funds leads to resource efficiency and Filipinos will be able to manage their funds
effectively. This reduce the risk in socioeconomic levels such as predatory lending,
subprime mortgages, fraud and high interest rates, potentially resulting in bad credit,
bankrupcy or foreclosures.

Save for yourself, buy and invest so you can yield in the future.