VOCABULARY OF MY CAREER

ENGLISH LEVEL 7
CLIL PROJECT

FACULTAD DE ING. MECANICA

Laura Barraza, 141610037.

Conceptual framework

1. Effort: is a force that acts on the unitary area in which it is applied, there are tension,
flexion, compression and shear stresses.
2. Unitary deformation: is defined as the change of dimension per unit length. Unitary
deformation has no dimensions and is often expressed in inches/inches or cm/cm.
3. Diffuser: also known as venturi, it consists of a narrowing of the duct where the air in the
carburetor passes.
4. Spring (or elastic spring): is an elastic operator capable of storing energy and detaching
from it without suffering permanent deformation when the forces or tension to which it is
subjected cease.
5. Mechanical design: it is the process of shaping, dimensions, materials, manufacturing
technology and operation of a machine so that it meets certain functions or needs.
6. Gear: it is a mechanism used to transmit mechanical power from one component to
another.The gears are formed by two cogwheels, of which the largest is called the crown
and the smallest pinion.The gear is used to transmit circular motion through the sprocket
contact.
7. Injector: Artifact to force the entry of a fluid.
8. Process: is understood as any systematic development that involves a series of ordered or
organized steps, which are carried out or happen alternately or simultaneously, which are
closely related to each other and whose purpose is to reach a precise result.
9. Carburetor: engine engine that is responsible for mixing gasoline with air and then
sending them to the combustion chamber.
10. Machine: is composed of a series of simpler elements that constitute it, being able to
define as elements of machines all those parts or simpler elements that correctly
assembled constitute a complete and functioning machine.
11. Electromagnet: Piece of iron that acquires the properties of a magnet during the passage
of electric current, losing this property when the current stops.
12. Inner diameter: smaller diameter of the thread. In a screw, it corresponds to the diameter
measured between the valleys, while in a nut it is the diameter measured between the
ridges.
13. Step (P): distance between two consecutive ridges, which represents the length that a
screw advances in a 360º turn. The pitch of a thread can be fine (F), thick or normal (C)
and, in a few cases, extra fine (EF).
14. Fillet or thread: prismatic propeller-shaped surface that is constitutive of the thread.
15. Transmission systems: contain the objective of bringing to the different elements of a
machine the power and movement produced by a driving element (engine) so that the
machine can operate and fulfill the purpose for which it was built.
16. Flat belts are characterized by having a rectangle cross section. They were the first type of
transmission belts used, but have now been replaced by the V-belts.
17. Rotor: system of rotating blades of a helicopter that serves to support it.
18. washer: its function is to give permanent pressure to a joint between a screw and a nut in
order to prevent loss of pre-load in it; thus ensuring that the subject parts remain fixed
despite vibrations or other forms of relaxation that may appear over time.
19. Dynamia: unit of measure, expressive of the force capable of lifting a kilogram of weight
to the height of a meter in a given time.
20. Moment of a force: product of the intensity of a force by the distance from its point of
application to a plane.
21. Valve: piece in one way or another that, placed in an opening of machines or instruments,
serves to alternately or permanently interrupt the communication between two of its
organs, or between them and the outside environment, moving on impulse from
opposing forces.
22. Lathe: simple machine that consists of a cylinder arranged to rotate around its axis by the
action of levers, storks, etc., and that generally acts on the resistance by means of a rope
that is wound on the cylinder.
23. Refrigeration: action of artificially lowering the temperatura.
24. Abrasion: wear on mechanical parts produced by friction. It may be the cause of the
presence of metal particles in the lubricant or the lack thereof. Damage can be severe as
parts subjected to abrasion can break or crack.
25. Revolution: circular movement by which a mobile returns to its initial position. Example:
the revolution of the Earth around the Sun.
26. Turbocharger: compressor driven by a turbine.
27. Centrifugal: it is said of the pump in which the aspiration and elevation of the water is
realized by means of a wheel that turns quickly in a cylindrical box.
28. Verifier: device with which the accuracy of the indications of another device is checked or
if a service has been performed.
29. Bearing: bearing formed by two concentric cylinders, between which a crown of balls or
rollers that can rotate freely is inserted.
30. Tension: force that prevents parts of the same body from separating from each other
when it is in that state.
31. Radiator: heating apparatus composed of one or more hollow bodies, in an external
manner suitable to facilitate heat radiation, through which a stream of water or steam
passes at a high temperature.
32. Carnot: principle according to which the performance of a reversible thermal machine
depends on the extreme temperatures between which it evolves.
33. Turbine: hydraulic wheel, with curved vanes placed on its periphery, which receives water
through the center and dismisses it in a direction tangent to the circumference, thereby
taking advantage of as much of the driving force as possible.
34. Metal fatigue: decrease in resistance of metal parts until breakage occurs due to
pressures below the calculated elasticity limit.
35. Counterweight: weight used to balance another: the counterweight of an elevator.