“READING HABITS AND WRITING PROFICIENCY OF GRADE 10

STUDENTS OF MINDANAO MISSION ACADEMY”

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Reading and Writing plays a very crucial role in an individual’s life and society.

According to Conor (2014) reading is an active and complex process which involves

understanding the text, developing and interpreting meaning, and using meaning as

appropriate to type of text, purpose or situation.

Cain (2010) indicates that poor reading and writing skills are at risk of generally

poor education attainment. Jins (2004) notes that Reading and Writing remain deficient

nowadays in children and adults, and have consequences for educational attainment and

function.

Bricks (2012) stated that writing is essential in the life of a student to develop their

thinking capacity and techniques in producing information. Similarly, Breaman (2000)

indicates that reading and writing habits are calculated as much as a person read, how often

they read and write, reading and writing is an essential tool for learning. Stanford (2013)

Added that through reading and writing, a student may have an experience through which

it will widens their knowledge.

In today’s generation, there is a need for both skills (reading and writing) to be

integrated in the teaching and learning process, since students have been manifesting

difficulty in writing. Simply knowing that reading and writing are intimately connected
processes is not enough. Educators must incorporate both linguistic skills to enhance

students’ learning (“The K-12 Program of the DepEd." 2019).

A study conducted by Llanto (2017), in Initao National Comprehensive High

School had the result – Grade 10 learners’ level of proficiency in writing in terms of content

are measured at the minimal level of proficiency. There are some ideas that are inconsistent

and some are not totally exact to the main point that they are aiming. But still, the content

of their writing compositions have gist that fit to their intelligence and to their age.

In addition, Stanford Publication (2005) stimulates that good readers and writers

learn habits that help them become strong and fluent. Bryce (2018) describes that reading

and writing skills allow students to seek information to absorb and understand content.

Similarly reading habits are well-planned and deliberate pattern of study which form

consistency towards understanding. Kimberly (2014) mentions that reading habits is good

and adds knowledge. Lawrence (2008) Asserts that every student needs to develop a good

writing habits in order to succeed in life. This can be attained as well through reading.

Most people say that in order to become a good writer, a person must be a wide

reader. It was supported by various professionals, researchers, and teachers who said that

those learners who are reading extensively can make his/her magnum opus Agbezree

(2001)

Mostly, if a person has skills in reading and writing it develops thinking capacity,

techniques and understanding. It adds knowledge and improves vocabulary. Reading and

writing are important skills.

The aforementioned reasons led the researchers to choose this study: to determine

the reading habits and writing proficiency of students in Mindanao Mission Academy.
Thus, believing that it is essential for the betterment of the school and the learners,

themselves.

Statement of the Problem

This study will determine the reading habits and writing proficiency of student in

Mindanao Mission academy. This study will attempt to answer the following questions:

1.) What are the reading habits of the grade 10 learners of Mindanao

Mission Academy?

2.) What is the level of writing proficiency of the grade 10 learners of

Mindanao Mission Academy in terms of:

a.) Content

b.) Organization

c.) Mechanics

3.) Is there a significant relationship between the respondents’ reading

habits and writing proficiency?

Null Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between the respondents’ reading habits and

writing proficiency.

Scope and Limitation

This study will focus on grade 10 students’ reading habits and writing proficiency

in Mindanao Mission Academy.

Significance of the Study

This study will give light and understanding to the following individuals:

Students: they will know the importance of reading and how it affects their writing

proficiency.

Teachers: through the results of this study, they can develop techniques and strategies to

help the students appreciate and value reading and writing.

Definition of Terms

Reading: the action or skill of reading written or printed matter silently or loudly.

An occasion at which poetry or other pieces of literature are read aloud to an audience

(Merriam Websters Dictionary).

This is the independent variable of the study; the assumed factor of the students

writing proficiency.

Writing: the activity or skill of marking coherent words on paper and composing

text. The activity or occupation of composing text for publication (Merriam Websters

Dictionary).

Proficiency: A high degree of competence or skill: expertise. Advancement of

knowledge and the quality or state of being proficient. (Merriam Websters Dictionary);
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter covers the conceptual framework, theoretical framework, related

readings, related studies, and justification of the study.

Conceptual Framework

Level of Writing
Reading Habits
Proficiency

Theoretical Framework

The theoretical frame of this study was anchored by Louise Rosenblatt’s

Transactional Theory. This theory talks about a conference focused on the relationship

between reading and writing that signals an already-widespread recognition that these two

kinds of linguistic activity are closely linked. The demand of high and advance reading

experience postulates a firm recognition on words and terms used by the texts. The

excellence of a written work in regards of the Transactional Theory is hereby conditioned

by the reading habits of a learner in the reading process. The use of the terms "transaction"

and "transactional" is consonant with the contemporary twentieth-century shift in thinking

about the relationship of human beings to the natural world.

 Human activities and relationships are seen as transactions in which the individual,

and the social, cultural, and natural elements interfuse. The transactional mode of thinking

has perhaps been most clearly assimilated in ecology. Current writers on philosophy and

semiology (e.g., Bruner, 1986; Roriy 1982; Toulmin, 1982), though they may differ on

metaphysical implications, find it necessary to come to terms with the new paradigm

(Rosenblatt, 1988).

The answer to any research project, surveys and any teaching method, rests on some

kind of epistemological assumptions, and, in this field, to some models of the reading and

writing processes. It needs a constant scrutinization with the assumptions underlying our

practices, to see how they relate to one another and to long-term educational goals.

Rosenblatt’s main concern is in the light of general trends, to present a coherent theoretical

approach to the interrelationships of the reading and writing processes.

Related Readings

Reading is one of the important skills that should must be mastered by students. It

is one of the ways for getting knowledge that cannot be separated from every learning

process and it does not only happen in educational field but also daily life, Pearson (2002).

According to Arali (2018) reading and writing habits of a student are what it needs

to create a literate society. Reading and Writing habits determine the academic

achievements of student to a great extent, both reading and writing are interrelated and

dependent on each other.

Reading means perceiving a written text in order to understand its context. This can

be done silently (silent reading) it is a particular way in which the readers understand texts,
passages, paragraphs even books and an ability to understand and find out information

presented in the form of written text as stated by Majdi (2013)

In addition Patel (2016) indicates that reading and writing is the most useful

important skills, it is a source of joy for student who are good in reading in writing, it makes

student enjoy their learning process and gives several advantages. Students can increase

their knowledge and update information, it is and important activity for expanding

knowledge and language Gray (2000).

Related Studies

A study conducted by Llanto (2017), in Initao National Comprehensive High

School had the result – Grade 10 learners’ level of proficiency in writing in terms of content

are measured at the minimal level of proficiency. There are some ideas that are inconsistent

and some are not totally exact to the main point that they are aiming. But still, the content

of their writing compositions have gist that fit to their intelligence and to their age.

Reading and Writing is typically an individual’s activity. It is one of ways to access

information. It influences attitudes and behaviour. Ofre (2010).

Raija (2015) studied about the students’ description and understanding of their

reading and writing difficulties, and to describe the ways. Student with difficulties with

reading and writing may affect the self-esteem and may develop social and emotional

problems.

Northam (2007) conducted a study about the importance of reading and writing,

reading and writing develops creative sides of people, developing a good image and it
develops the mind. Reading is fundamental to the function in today’s society. Many adults

nowadays are still having difficulties in reading and writing.

Smith (2001) conduct a review of the literature ton investigate the reading and

writing habits of the student enrolled in a public school.

Justification of the Study

This study will determine the reading habits and writing proficiency of Grade 10

students of Mindanao Mission Academy. This study is unique because it will only occur in

Mindanao Mission Academy and will take effect on the reading and writing proficiency of

grade 10 students.
 CHAPTER III
METHODS AND PROCEDURES

This chapter presents the research design, research locale, research participants,

sampling methods, instrumentation, data gathering procedures, and methods of data

analysis to determine the reading habits and writing proficiency of Grade 10 students.

Research Design

This study will use the descriptive research design to answer the research questions

as basis to determine the reading habits and writing proficiency of students.

Research Locale

This study will be conducted in Mindanao Mission Academy a private Seventh-day

Adventist High school in Población, Manticao Misamis Oriental, and Philippines. It is

situated in a 20-hectare lot along the Cagayan de Oro- Iligan City Highway.

Research Participants

This study will utilize the simple random sampling method on the participants, this

sampling method will use the Solvent Formula in selecting the participants to gather data.

Instrumentation

This study will use a semi-structured survey questionnaire, a guided questionnaire

with determined topics that will be distributed to the selected 62 grade 10 students.
Data Gathering Procedure

The following are the steps to gather the data:

First, the researchers will prepare the semi-structured surveyed questionnaire.

Second, the researcher will ask permission to the Head of the Administration in

Mindanao Mission Academy to conduct the survey.

Third, the researchers will distribute the questionnaire to the chosen 30

participants.

Fourth, the researchers will retrieve the questionnaires after it is answered.

Lastly, the researchers will tally and analyze the answers.

Methods of Data Analysis

The responses of the grade 10 learners of Mindanao Mission Academy will be

gathered and recorded to the questionnaires and tests of the reading habits and writing

proficiency. These responses will be tallied and evaluated by the evaluator and the

researcher. The data on the level of proficiency in writing and the reading habits as well as

the reading selection test are to be analyzed and interpreted through the use of the statistical

tool in the study:

1. Mean formula will be used to determine the reading habits of the students.

Where: is the Mean

is the different value in ith terms
is the number of sample

2. Percentage was used to describe the level of writing proficiency of the grade 10 learners.
 Where:

th
is the frequency of response

is the total number of response

3. Spearman Coefficient of Rank Correlation

Spearman Coefficient of Rank Correlation was used to account and

find out the significant relationship between the learners’ reading habits and

the level of proficiency in the writing skills. 𝑟=

6 ∑ 𝑑𝑖 2
1− 𝑛3 −𝑛

where:

r is the computed value of Spearman Coefficient of Rank

Correlation

n is the total number of respondents

𝑑𝑖 is the difference in statistical rank of corresponding variables