Day1 Admin Ops

Expert Guided Implementation
SAP HANA Database Administration & Operations

Day 1
Mickey Zhao, SAP
Expert Guided Implementation powered by SAP Enterprise Support Academy*

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Expert Guided Implementation Goal
The goal of this EGI is to explain the tools and

methodologies for monitoring and
administrating the HANA database.
We provide a step-by-step process breakdown

on various HANA database actions.
We explore HANA backups and recovery,
HANA alerts, the delta merge process as well
as monitoring using SAP HANA Cockpit and
SAP HANA Studio.

How to Get Help?
During the execution part you have direct

access to the Expert via email (or phone How to get help
if necessary) to solve questions quickly.
Please ensure that the remote

connections are open and that we can
logon to your system.
mickey.zhao@sap.com

Ready, Set and Go!
Are you Ready? Are you set? Let’s Go!
• Do you have the correct • …to participate in the Options if not prepared for today
authorizations? empowering sessions each
morning? • Reschedule to the next EGI on
• Do you have time allocated for the schedule
this week? • …to configure your own Solution
Manager and HANA Studio each • Execute preparation steps
• Do you have the prerequisites afternoon? before attendance
completed?
• …to provide feedback on your
progress to the SAP Expert

Expert Guided Implementation Schedule
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5

Empowering lesson Empowering lesson Empowering lesson Empowering lesson Empowering lesson
SAP expert explains the tools used Step-by-step explanation of: Backup Step-by-step setup of alerting and Step-by-step explanation of Delta Step-by-step explanation of
for monitoring and administrating the and recovery of the SAP HANA explanation of how to monitor Merge Process. monitoring capabilities using SAP
database and shows fulfillment of database. different components of the SAP (Web session, 1-2 h. in the morning) Solution Manager.
prerequisites. (Web session, 1-2 h. in the morning) HANA database. (Web session, 1-2 h. in the morning)
(Web session, 1-2 h. in the morning) (Web session, 1-2 h. in the morning)
Execution by customer Execution by customer Execution by customer Execution by customer Execution by customer
Check and fulfill prerequisites by Implementation by customer of Implementation by customer in Implementation by customer in own Implementation by customer in own
customer in own system backed by backup in own system. own system. system. system.
on-demand expertise and support. (Remote support in the afternoon) (Remote support in the afternoon) (Remote support in the afternoon) (Remote support in the afternoon)
(Remote support in the afternoon)
Goal of the day Goal of the day Goal of the day Goal of the day Goal of the day
◼ Monitoring using Solution
◼ Introduction to the tools for ◼ Security: User authentication and ◼ Scale Out and High Availability ◼ Table Editor Manager work centers
monitoring and administrating of authorization ◼ Replication Options ◼ Column Store ◼ DBA Cockpit for the SAP HANA
the SAP HANA database. ◼ Backup and Recovery ◼ Administration Tasks ◼ Delta Merge Process database.
◼ SAP HANA studio ◼ Monitoring: Memory consumption, ◼ Delta Merge Monitoring ◼ EarlyWatch Alert
◼ Starting/Stopping of database Disk Usage, Parameter Final goal
◼ SAP HANA Cockpit Configuration ◼ Customer has tools set up
◼ Setup Alerting correctly and information to allow
for monitoring and administrating
of the SAP HANA database.
Learning Objectives – Day 1
• Understand the tools for monitoring SAP HANA DB

• Understand the tools for SAP HANA DB administration
• Learn how to start and stop SAP HANA DB
• Configure SAP HANA Studio
• Get familiar with SAP HANA Studio alerts
• Understand SAP HANA Cockpit

Agenda Day 1
▪ Introduction to SAP HANA
▪ In-memory computing
▪ SAP HANA architecture
▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Studio

▪ Administration View
▪ Starting and stopping SAP HANA DB
▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Cockpit

▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways
▪ Additional Resources

Day 1 – Chapter 1 – Introduction to SAP HANA

Agenda Day 1


▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways

In-Memory Computing Advantages
The capabilities of SAP HANA in-memory database technology allow us to:
❑ Run on a simpler landscape
❑ Run faster
❑ Process higher data volumes
❑ Increase Flexibility
❑ Lower Operating Costs
When combined these benefits allow SAP and its customers to foster and provoke new applications
and drive innovation.

Hardware and Software Innovations

SAP HANA architecture
Row Store vs. Column Store
Row Store stores tables by row Column Store stores tables by column
Tuple1
Att2
Att1 Att2
Att1
Tuple2 Att2
 Suited best for transactional processing – Suited best for analytic applications and reporting
– Fast single-record access and changes ▫ Fast searches
▫ Fast aggregation
 Cannot be used for modeling

– Used for all data models

SAP HANA architecture
Row Store vs. Column Store
Row Store stores tables by row OLTP Column Store stores tables by column OLAP
Tuple1
Att2
Att1 Att2
Att1
Tuple2 Att2
- The application needs to process only one single record at one - Calculations are typically executed on single or few columns only
time (many selects and /or updates of single records). - The table is searched based on values of a few columns
- The application typically needs to access the complete record - The table has a big number of columns
- The columns contain mainly distinct values so compression - The table has a big number of rows and columnar operations are
rate would be low required (aggregate, scan, etc.)
- Neither aggregations nor fast searching are required - High compression rates can be achieved because the majority of
- The table has a small number of rows (for example the columns contain only few distinct values (compared to number of
configuration tables) rows)

In Memory Computing – a paradigm shift

Parallelization
Column-based storage also simplifies parallel
execution using multiple processor cores
Operations on different columns can easily be

processed in parallel
Execution of operations on one column can be

parallelized by dividing the column into multiple
sections that are processed by different processor
cores
Note: The database decides how to parallelize, not

done by the application. The execution of a single
query can utilize one core up to all available cores.

SAP HANA Architecture Overview
Single host configuration
Multi node configuration
SAP HANA
SAP HANA Database Node 2 Node N
Maintains landscape information Name Server Name Server Name Server
Holds data and executes operations Index Server Index Server Index Server
Text-analysis preprocessor Preprocessor Preprocessor Preprocessor
Compiles stored procedures Compile Server

Compile Server … Compile Server
XS Engine XS Engine
Enables native HANA applications XS Engine
Script Server Script Server
Execution of AFL Script Server
Starts the other services Daemon Daemon Daemon
Starts/stops HANA sapstartsrv sapstartsrv sapstartsrv
Manages HANA software update Software Update Manager
Repository for Studio updates SAP HANA Studio Repository
Shared storage or cluster file system

Tools for Administration, Monitoring and Root Cause Analysis
The following tools are available to assist in monitoring and administrating the SAP HANA
Database:
• SAP HANA Cockpit – A Web-based UI providing aggregate, system and database administration features.
• SAP HANA Studio – An eclipse based HANA administration and development tool
• SAP Solution Manager – SAP’s central lifecycle management hub for SAP systems and solutions
• DBACockpit for SAP HANA – Similar to the DBACockpit as implemented for an SAP system on any other compatible
DB software (e.g. Oracle, DB2 etc.)
• HDBSQL – An OS level command line tool
Please note: You may need additional tools to monitor other components such as System Landscape Transformation, however these
are outside the scope of this EGI service.
Our main tool for performing the actions covered in this EGI will be the SAP HANA Studio, however we will also discuss some functions
of the SAP HANA Cockpit, Solution Manager and DBACockpit.
Further Information
Further information on all areas covered in this EGI is available at help.sap.com/hana

Important resources which can be accessed include:
• The SAP HANA Administration Guide
• Learning Resources on HANA and In-Memory Computing
• HANA Release Notes
• Installation, Security and Development Guides

Day 1 – Chapter 2 – Introduction to SAP HANA Studio

Agenda Day 1


▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways

SAP HANA Studio
The SAP HANA studio is an Eclipse based tool delivered with SAP HANA and provides an
environment for administration, modeling and data provisioning.

Installing the SAP HANA studio
Information on installing the SAP HANA studio can be found in the link:
help.sap.com/hana
• SAP HANA Platform
• Installation and Upgrade Information
• SAP HANA Studio Installation and Update Guide.

SAP HANA Studio
Overview
Consists of several applications/perspectives
• Administration console
• Information modeler
• Lifecycle management
Perspectives can be switched easily

• Quick link buttons
• Welcome screen
Several SAP HANA databases can be integrated

• Navigator tree
• Folder structure
Context menu provides easy access to all functions

SAP HANA Studio Administration & Monitoring Console
Admin & Monitoring Default Views:
1
1
3
1. Navigator View 2. Administration View 3. Properties View
Navigator
Organizing the System Landscape
All SAP HANA databases of your system landscape can be integrated into the studio
• All databases connected to your studio workspace are listed in the Navigator on the left hand
side
• Working with a different users and

tenants on the same database is possible
• Folders can be created in the Navigator to organize the

system landscape (For example – multiple users for one
system, multiple tenants of a multi-tenant environment)
• Search functionality is available
• Using external authentication (Kerberos) is possible

Adding Systems
• Before you can carry out administrative tasks,

you will need to add the relevant systems to
your system landscape in the navigator tree.
• In the Navigator, choose Add System from the

context menu/icon at top of the Navigator tree
and enter the required information.
• Hostname and Instance Number are

mandatory. HTTPS and Description are
optional.

Adding Systems
If you are connecting to a multi-tenant

database select Multiple Containers in the
Mode section. Then there are two scenarios:
1. If you are connecting to the System DB,

simply select System DB and proceed as
you would for a single container system
2. If you are connecting to one of the tenant

databases then you must specify the name
of the tenant

Centrally-stored archive of SAP HANA systems
You can also use a centrally stored archive to efficiently connect users to multiple
HANA systems in your landscape. This way one user can centrally manage the list of all systems
in a centrally accessible location, and other users can simply link to this archive.
1. Select “Add System Archive Link” in the Navigation Window
2. Specify Link Name and Location
3. Select “Finish”
To export your list of systems (e.g. as the central archive file)

select:
File > Export > SAP HANA > Landscape
SAP HANA system logoff and logon
Users can log off actively from a HANA system using the context menu in the navigator. All connections to the
specified system (JDBC, HTTP etc.) are closed after a user executes a log off in this way.
Log on is accessed through the same context menu.
The start up log on behaviour of the studio is configurable under:
Window > Preferences > SAP HANA > Global Settings

Systems View Context Menu
The systems View Context menu can be used to quickly access many of the
administrative functions of the HANA studio.

Database Start and Stop
You can perform a database Start, Stop and Restart from the context menu.
Note that you will need operating system user authentication (i.e. <SID>adm user credentials –
Administrative users for HANA will be discussed later in the EGI)

Backup
Backup, restore and snapshot functions are available in the system context menu.
▪ You can also access the Backup Console which allows us to view the backup catalog and configuration settings
for 3rd party backup integration.
Note: To use the restore functions, a database restart is required, so you will need the <SID>adm user
credentials as with a stop or restart.

System Monitor
Provides most important information about all databases of the system landscape at a glance
• Database state and general system information
• Alerts
• Memory usage
• CPU usage
• Disk usage
Detailed information in several areas is accessible via double-clicking on one of the available metrics. The information displayed
is configurable using the “configure viewer” button highlighted below.

Administration View
Administration View
Overview
▪ The administration view provides the most important information about one database at a glance.
Double click on the instance in the navigator view to open.

Administration View
Overview
Provides overview of critical database information including:
• Database state and general system information
• Alerts
• Memory usage
• CPU usage
• Disk usage
We can also access further information on many key database metrics using the links on the
administration overview page:

Administration View
Landscape Tab
List of all services (processes), their status and resource consumption
• Name server
• Index server
• Preprocessor
• XSengine
• Compileserver
• Daemon
• Under the Hosts Sub-Tab we can view the configuration of the system host(s) and their role
(master, standby, …)

Administration View
Alerts
The alerts tab displays the alerts generated by the statistics service.
You can also use this tab to:
• View the status of all checks
• Configure email notifications
• Configure warning level thresholds

Administration View
Performance Tab
Performance Tab - Threads and Sessions sub-tabs
• Threads tab shows thread type,
related service, method and other
details
• Sessions tab shows connected

users, session status, connection
info and other details
• Information displayed on both tabs

is configurable

Statement Monitoring – Plan Cache & Statement Trace
The SQL Plan Cache automatically collects statistics about statement execution:
Expensive Statements are shown in the Expensive Statements Trace tab:

Performance Tab – Other Functions
• Information on Blocked Transactions and Job Progress is also available.

• Another Key feature of the performance tab is the load graph which can be used to display the data for many
key HANA metrics over time

Administration View
Volumes
The volumes tab displays detailed information about storage size and usage
• Size of data area
• Size of log area
• Size of storage areas
• Usage of storage areas
• Two different views - grouped by storage and grouped by service
▪ Volume Info by storage:
▪ Volume Info by service:

Administration View
Configuration
This tab shows the contents of all INI files which contain the HANA system parameters.
Using the configuration tab it is possible to:
• View the parameter configuration of the HANA system
• Modify and reset default parameter values on a system wide or host-by-host basis
• Compare parameters between hosts on multi-node systems

Administration View
System Information
The System Information tab contains list of useful SQL statements which can be used to access
monitoring data for many areas, such as:
• Memory usage
• Lock wait time
• Merge statistics
• Expensive Statements
• Garbage Collection
You can add or import SQL queries of your own to this tab if there are
custom monitoring statements which you regularly execute on the system.

Administration View
Log Files / Traces
The diagnosis files tab displays all HANA trace, log and dump files.
These files are generated automatically by the system according to your trace settings, as well as in
certain exceptional situations (Out-of-memory dumps, system crashes etc.)
You can view these traces or dump files in the studio or download them for local use (recommended in
the case of large files).

Collecting Diagnosis Information
The diagnosis files tab can also be used to collect a full system info dump or
generate a sequence of runtime environment dumps. If you contact SAP support
regarding an issue on your system, our support colleagues may ask you to
provide this information to assist in their analysis.

Administration View
Trace configuration
SAP HANA provides several different options for tracing various activities and functions on the system.
These can be activated and configured on the Trace Configuration tab in the Studio

Starting and Stopping the SAP HANA
Database
Starting and Stopping Systems
The SAP Start Service (sapstartsrv) is used to start and stop systems (standard SAP start
mechanism).
The SAP Start Service starts all necessary system components, such as name server, pre-
processor and indexservers.
For these actions you will need the System Administrator credentials.

Stopping HANA
1. In the Systems view, right-click the system you want to stop and choose Configuration and
Monitoring-> Stop System
2. Select how you want to stop the system:

▪ Hard : Forces all components to stop immediately. Open transactions are aborted and rolled back. A hard
shutdown does not force a savepoint operation. Therefore, a subsequent restart may take longer. Caution:
This may lead to data loss.
▪ Soft : Waits for all components to stop. The system is stopped gracefully after all running transactions have
completed or the specified timeout is reached. A soft shutdown triggers a savepoint operation before all
services are stopped. During the savepoint operation, all modified data is written to disk.
▪ Stop wait timeout (sec) : If the system does not shut down gracefully before the specified timeout, the
system is shut down forcefully.
3. Enter the user name and password of the operating system user (<sid>adm user).
Result The system was stopped. A red icon is attached to the system icon in the navigator.

Diagnosis Mode available
When the system is stopped, we can still access Diagnosis Mode.
• Provides information available without SQL connection
• Displays service list with detailed status of services during start/stop phase
• Provides access to diagnosis files

Starting HANA
1. In the Systems view, right-click the system you want to start and choose Configuration and
Monitoring -> Start System…
2. Specify a timeout (Optional).

▪ Start Wait Timeout: Defines how long to wait for an instance to start. If the end of the timeout period is
reached the remaining instances are not started.
3. Enter the user name and password of the operating system administrator that was created when
the system was installed (that is, <sid>adm user).
Result: The system is started. A green icon is attached to the system icon in the System View. If
necessary, refresh the Systems view to update the status of other instances of the system registered
in the SAP HANA studio.
Note: The SAP HANA database can also be started and stopped via command line.

Day 1 – Chapter 3 – Introduction to SAP HANA Cockpit

Agenda Day 1


▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways

Browser Based Interface – SAP HANA Cockpit
A Web-browser-based interface for system monitoring is available. The HANA Cockpit visualizes key aspects of
system health and configuration on a single screen with the option to drill down to more detailed views.
The HANA Cockpit can be used to display

many important metrics regarding the HANA
system at a glance. It can also be used to
perform a range of administrative tasks.
HANA Cockpit – Starting and Stopping HANA
Similar to HANA Studio, you can select Hard, Soft or Stop wait timeout shutdown.
When starting HANA, you can specify a wait timeout for an instance to start.
Starting with HANA 2.0 SPS 02, the following privileges were introduced:
• DATABASE START
• DATABASE STOP
These privileges are part of DATABASE ADMIN and authorize users to start and stop a database.
HANA Cockpit – Starting and Stopping HANA
At system startup, all tenant databases that were running before the SAP HANA system was stopped are
restarted.
Previously, the only way to prevent a particular database from starting is to stop that database before you stop
the system.
Starting from SAP HANA 2.0 SPS 02, you can configure the restart mode of a tenant database in HANA cockpit.

HANA Cockpit – Manage Services
On the services screen we can see the status of running services on the database as well as the proportion of
system resources consumed by each service. If there is an issue with any of the services on the system we will
see this displayed, as well as any alerts related to service status. You can also stop, start and remove services
from the menu on the lower right.

HANA Cockpit – Memory Utilization
The Memory Overview editor presents a graphical breakdown of the main categories of current memory usage
(host physical memory, SAP HANA database, tables, and database management). System views provide the
information with which all values for memory usage are calculated. You can access the Memory Overview editor
from the Systems view.

HANA Cockpit – CPU Utilization
The CPU Usage tile presents a graphical overview of the CPU usage. You can select between CPU and System
CPU, as well as a specific host.
You can set the time and date that you want to have displayed graphically.

HANA Cockpit – Statement Monitoring
By clicking on the statement monitoring tile in the overview we can access information on the most critical
statements currently running in the database.

HANA Cockpit – Alerts
You can use the Alerts tile to:
• View status of all checks
• Configure warning level thresholds
• Configure email notifications

HANA Cockpit – User Administration
With SAP HANA 2.0, the new cockpit no longer relies on the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA development tool for
user and trace management. It is now fully integrated with the same look and feel. To browse catalog objects, for
example, and to run SQL statement interactively, you can now use the new Database Explorer.

HANA Cockpit – Backups
Data Backups can be executed from the SAP HANA Cockpit.

You can specify between a Complete, Incremental or Differential backup as well as using File or Backint.
You can also schedule a backup through the Data Backup tile in the Cockpit.

HANA Cockpit – System Replication
For System Replication in SAP HANA Cockpit 2.0, all the core administration activities can now be performed
using this tool. This includes:
• Registering primary and secondary systems
• System replication monitoring
• Take over and failback

Agenda Day 1


▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways

Day 1: Key Takeaways
❑ SAP HANA Architecture

❑ SAP HANA Studio Navigator, System Monitor, Administration View
❑ SAP HANA Cockpit Monitoring, Alerts, Backups

Agenda Day 1


▪ Monitoring
▪ Backups
▪ Key Takeaways

Additional Resources
SAP Enterprise Support Resources
Source Description Link
EGI Portfolio List of available Expert Guided Implementations https://support.sap.com/en/offerings-programs/enterprise-
support/enterprise-support-academy/expert-guided-implementation.html
SAP Enterprise SAP Enterprise Support Value Map for SAP S/4HANA Sign up here: https://support.sap.com/valuemaps
Support Value Map → “Sign Up” → Choose the SAP S/4HANA on premise Value Map
Review blog: SAP Readiness Check for S/4HANA
SAP Enterprise EGI “SAP HANA Monitoring and Troubleshooting” Go to https://support.sap.com/esacademy
Support Explains monitoring and troubleshooting from the perspective → Access Learning content
EGI of SAP HANA Studio and SAP Solution Manager. → Search
Duration: 3 days at 2h
Search by course ID: EXPERT_LED SUP_EDE_0400_1312 or course
name
SAP Enterprise Expert Guided Implementation “SAP HANA Advanced Go to https://support.sap.com/esacademy
Support Database Monitoring” →Access Learning Content
EGI Explains advanced techniques in monitoring your SAP HANA → Search
Duration: 5 days at 2h Database.
Search by course ID: EXPERT_LED SUP_EDE_0510_1312 or course
name

Additional Resources
Source Description Link
Blogs How to install SAP HANA Cockpit Go to blogs.sap.com and search for:
“SAP HANA Cockpit”
Blogs How to install SAP HANA Studio Go to blogs.sap.com and search for:
“SAP HANA Studio”
Blogs How to configure SAP Solution Manager Go to blogs.sap.com and search for:
“SAP Solution Manager”
Blogs How to enable SAP EarlyWatch Alert Go to blogs.sap.com and search for:
“SAP EarlyWatch Alert”
Help Portal SAP HANA Administration Guide https://help.sap.com/viewer/6b94445c94ae495c83a19646e7c3fd56

/2.0.03/en-US/330e5550b09d4f0f8b6cceb14a64cd22.html
A guide for everything SAP HANA. From SAP HANA DB overview
and architecture to backups, disaster recovery and best practices.

Thank you.
Contact information: Contact information:
Mickey Zhao
SAP Dalian, China SAP Enterprise Support Academy
mickey.zhao@sap.com
SAP_ES_Academy@sap.com
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www.sap.com/contactsap
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Expert Guided Implementation

SAP HANA Database Administration & Operations

Expert Guided Implementation powered by SAP Enterprise Support Academy*

* Content is exclusive to SAP Enterprise Support customers

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Expert Guided Implementation Goal

The goal of this EGI is to explain the tools and

We provide a step-by-step process breakdown

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During the execution part you have direct

Please ensure that the remote

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Are you Ready? Are you set? Let’s Go!

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Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5

• Understand the tools for monitoring SAP HANA DB

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▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Studio

▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Cockpit

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▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Studio

▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Cockpit

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The capabilities of SAP HANA in-memory database technology allow us to:

❑ Run on a simpler landscape

❑ Process higher data volumes

❑ Lower Operating Costs

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 Cannot be used for modeling

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Operations on different columns can easily be

Execution of operations on one column can be

Note: The database decides how to parallelize, not

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SAP HANA Database Node 2 Node N

Maintains landscape information Name Server Name Server Name Server

Text-analysis preprocessor Preprocessor Preprocessor Preprocessor

Compiles stored procedures Compile Server

Starts the other services Daemon Daemon Daemon

Starts/stops HANA sapstartsrv sapstartsrv sapstartsrv

Manages HANA software update Software Update Manager

Repository for Studio updates SAP HANA Studio Repository

Shared storage or cluster file system

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• HDBSQL – An OS level command line tool

Further information on all areas covered in this EGI is available at help.sap.com/hana

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▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Studio

▪ Introduction to SAP HANA Cockpit

© 2019 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 22

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• SAP HANA Platform

• Installation and Upgrade Information

• SAP HANA Studio Installation and Update Guide.

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Perspectives can be switched easily

Several SAP HANA databases can be integrated

Context menu provides easy access to all functions

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